EP0334924A1 - Lockable hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents
Lockable hydraulic cylinderInfo
- Publication number
- EP0334924A1 EP0334924A1 EP88908198A EP88908198A EP0334924A1 EP 0334924 A1 EP0334924 A1 EP 0334924A1 EP 88908198 A EP88908198 A EP 88908198A EP 88908198 A EP88908198 A EP 88908198A EP 0334924 A1 EP0334924 A1 EP 0334924A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- locking
- cylinder
- hydraulic cylinder
- locking parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
- F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lockable hydraulic cylinder according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Hydraulic cylinders of this type are used universally in technology and are distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that they can hold larger forces securely in the locking position even without pressure medium.
- a piston-cylinder unit is known from DE-OS 31 43 040, a locking piston movable perpendicular to the direction of movement of the working piston being provided which can be displaced into a recess in the piston rod.
- This locking device requires a large amount of space and requires an additional pressure medium connection between the working piston and the locking piston.
- a self-locking double-acting working cylinder in which a differential piston is axially displaceable on the one hand on its outer diameter in the housing and on the other hand with its inner channel is mounted on a housing-fixed socket, with a locking piston which on the one hand in the differential piston and on the other hand is mounted in the socket, the locking balls actuated.
- this working cylinder three components move relative to each other within the housing, which is a relatively complicated structure; on the other hand, a complex pressure medium connection within the differential piston is required.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic hydraulic cylinder which is distinguished by a compact structure which can be integrated in the working cylinder, and which has a small number of relatively movable parts with a simple structure; the use of very small piston rods and piston diameters (6 to 16 mm) with very long strokes should be made possible.
- a further solution to the problem is achieved in that a stepped piston, which is guided in a sealed manner in a blind bore of a cylinder base or a component rigidly connected to it, is provided as the closure element, which against the pressure in a working space connected to the pressure connection in the direction of
- Locked position is biased, the portion of the cylinder bottom, in which the stepped piston is guided, protrudes into a recess in the front side of the working piston facing the input space, which has a radial undercut, into which the locking parts can be latched.
- a particularly favorable embodiment of the invention provides that the locking parts are designed as balls.
- a locking unit in particular symmetrical to the radial plane, is provided on both end faces of the working piston and cylinder tube.
- the stepped piston is provided in a blind bore in the cylinder base or a component connected to it, it is advantageous if the section of the cylinder base into which the stepped piston is guided is surrounded radially by a return ring which is preloaded to a limited extent by a spring , because in this way the locking balls are secured against falling out.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the locking parts moving with the working piston have no contact with the cylinder tube in the unlocked position. It is therefore provided that the end of the stepped piston protruding into the entrance space projects in the locking position into a deflection bushing which is provided with a bevel which acts radially outward on the locking parts. This makes it possible for the stepped piston to clamp the locking parts in the unlocked position and for the latter to be moved outwards again only when the locking position is reached by the deflection bushing. Allow it Material or the quality of the cylinder tube that the locking parts act on the cylinder tube during the piston movement, so it is useful with the simultaneous elimination of the deflection bushing that the stepped piston is equipped with at least one conical section.
- Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment
- Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention in the locked state
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment according to FIG. 2 in the unlocked state
- Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the invention.
- the hydraulic cylinder shown in Fig. 1 consists of a cylinder tube 1 which is screwed to the cylinder base 2 and in which the working piston 3 is axially displaceable and is guided by the sealing rings 4 and 5 sealed.
- the cylinder base 2 has a pressure connection 7 which can be connected to a pressure medium source and which is connected to the input space 8 also provided in the cylinder base 2.
- a blind bore 13 is provided, in which the stepped piston 6 is arranged to be axially displaceable and acted upon by the spring 14 in the direction of the input space 8.
- the spring 14 is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the blind bore 13 and on the other hand on a further blind bore 16 which is provided in the stepped piston 6.
- the stepped piston 6 is sealed by the sealing ring 17, which is located in an annular groove in the working piston 3 or locking piston 6.
- the end section of the working piston 3 facing the input space 8 is provided on its jacket side with three radial through bores 15, in each of which a locking part 10 designed as a ball is guided so as to be radially movable.
- the locking parts 10 are pressed radially outward into an annular groove-shaped radial recess 11 in the cylinder base 2 by the force of the spring 14 in conjunction with a first conical section 19 on the stepped piston 6.
- the locking device described above unlocks itself.
- the stepped piston 6 pushed against the force of the spring 14 into the blind bore 13 of the working piston 2.
- the locking parts 10 can move radially inward and thus release the locking in the piston head 2.
- the locking parts 10 are pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1 by the remaining excess force of the spring 14 in connection with the second conical section 20 on the stepped piston with a small radial force component.
- the working piston 3 can be reset hydraulically, for example, via a working chamber opposite the input space 8 on the other side of the working piston, or else mechanically via the piston rod 21 screwed into the working piston 3.
- the stepped piston 6 has a piston section 25 which is either very weakly conical or cylindrical, to which a cylindrical section 26 adjoins.
- a piston section 25 which is either very weakly conical or cylindrical, to which a cylindrical section 26 adjoins.
- a deflection bushing 29 is attached to the cylinder base 2 in the region of the input space 8. This has, on its end facing the working piston 3, an oblique chamfer 30 attached to the outer lateral surface.
- the cylindrical section 26 of the stepped piston 6 moves into the deflection bushing 29, the locking parts 10 are moved radially outward by the application of the oblique chamfer 30.
- radial passage channels 31 are provided distributed over the circumference of the deflection bushing 29.
- the locking parts 10 do not cover an axial stroke path with the working piston 3.
- the step piston 6 is sealed by the seal 42 and axially displaceable in an insert cylinder 41, which with the cylinder bottom
- a stepped, axial through bore is provided in the cylinder base 2; a sealing ring 44 is provided in an annular groove on the insert cylinder 41.
- the insert cylinder 41 protrudes into an axial recess 45 which is in the working cylinder
- This recess 45 is provided with a radial undercut into which the locking parts 10 can be moved to lock the working piston 3. For this purpose, they are loaded radially outwards by the conical first step 46 on the step piston 6 in cooperation with the compression spring 48 acting on the step piston 6.
- the working piston 3 is unlocked by introducing pressure into the pressure connection 7, which continues through the passage channels 49 in a radial expansion of the insert cylinder 41 into the working space 50 and from there through the radially extending channel 51 in the working piston 3.
- the stepped piston 6 is moved into the insert cylinder 41 against the force of the compression spring 48.
- the locking parts 10 are moved radially inward until they come to rest on the second step 47 of the step piston 6.
- the working piston 3 moves away from the pressure connection 7, while at the same time the return ring 54, which radially surrounds the insert cylinder 41 and is biased by the return spring 55, the Working piston 3 is tracked until the stop 56 of the return ring 54 comes to rest on the step 57 of the insert cylinder 41.
- the return spring 55 is supported on the one hand on the radial extension of the insert cylinder 41, to which the passage 49 is also attached, and on the other hand on an outer step of the return ring 54.
- the path that the return ring 54 can travel conditionally through the return spring 55 is dimensioned such that the recesses 58, in which the locking parts 10 are guided, are passed axially. As a result, the locking parts 10 are secured against falling out of their recesses 58.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Un cylindre hydraulique verrouillable comprend un tuyau cylindrique (1) pourvu d'au moins un raccord de refoulement (7), d'un piston (3) mobile scellé dans le tuyau cylindrique (1) et d'un élément de fermeture hydrauliquement actionnable pouvant être enclenché par des éléments de blocage (10). Afin d'obtenir une unité de verrouillage compacte pouvant également faire partie intégrante du cylindre, avec un nombre réduit de parties mobiles les unes par rapport aux autres, de conception simple et de petites dimensions, l'élément de fermeture est un piston à gradins (6) qui se déplace de manière étanche dans un alésage borgne du piston (3) et qui est pré-contraint contre la pression dans le sens de la position de verrouillage avec un espace d'admission (8) relié au raccord de refoulement (7). Le diamètre des gradins du piston à gradins se réduit vers l'espace d'admission (8) et le piston à gradins (6), sollicité par précontrainte, applique une force radiale vers l'extérieur sur les éléments de blocage (10). Des évidements radiaux (11, 15) dans lesquels pénètrent par encliquetage les éléments de blocage (10) sont ménagés dans le tuyau cylindrique (1) ou dans une pièce rigidement fixée à celui-ci, ainsi que dans le piston (3).A lockable hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylindrical pipe (1) provided with at least one delivery connection (7), a movable piston (3) sealed in the cylindrical pipe (1) and a hydraulically actuable closing element capable of be engaged by locking elements (10). In order to obtain a compact locking unit which can also be an integral part of the cylinder, with a reduced number of parts movable with respect to each other, of simple design and of small dimensions, the closing element is a stepped piston ( 6) which moves in a sealed manner in a blind bore of the piston (3) and which is prestressed against the pressure in the direction of the locking position with an inlet space (8) connected to the discharge connection (7 ). The diameter of the steps of the step piston is reduced towards the intake space (8) and the step piston (6), biased by preload, applies a radial force towards the outside on the locking elements (10). Radial recesses (11, 15) into which the locking elements (10) penetrate by snap-fastening are provided in the cylindrical pipe (1) or in a part rigidly fixed thereto, as well as in the piston (3).
Description
Verriegelbarer HydraulikzylinderLockable hydraulic cylinder
Die Erfindung betrifft einen verriegelbaren Hydraulikzylinder nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a lockable hydraulic cylinder according to the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige Hydraulikzylinder werden in der Technik universell angewandt und zeichnen sich unter anderem dadurch aus, daß sie in Verriegelungsstellung auch ohne Druckmedium größere Kräfte sicher halten können. Eine derartige Kolbenzylindereinheit ist aus der DE-OS 31 43 040 bekannt, wobei ein senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung des Arbeitskolbens bewegbare Sperrkolben vorgesehen ist, welcher in eine Ausnehmung in der Kolbenstange verschiebbar ist. Diese Arretierungseinrichtung besitzt einen hohen Raumbedarf und erfordert eine zusätzliche DruckmittelVerbindung zwischen dem Arbeitskolben und dem Arretierungskolben. Aus der DE-OS 35 40 277 ist ein selbstsperrender doppelt wirkender Arbeitszylinder bekannt, bei dem ein Differentialkolben axial verschiebbar einerseits an seinem Außendurchmesser im Gehäuse und andererseits mit seinem Innenkanal an einer gehäusefesten Buchse gelagert ist, wobei ein Verschlußkolben, der einerseits im Dif erentialkolben und andererseits in der Buchse gelagert ist, die Verriegelungskugeln betätigt. Bei diesem Arbeitszylinder bewegen sich innerhalb des Gehäuses drei Bauteile relativ zueinander, wodurch sich ein relativ komplizierter Aufbau darstellt; zum anderen ist eine aufwendig zu fertigende Druckmittelverbindung innerhalb des Differentialkolbens nötig.Hydraulic cylinders of this type are used universally in technology and are distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that they can hold larger forces securely in the locking position even without pressure medium. Such a piston-cylinder unit is known from DE-OS 31 43 040, a locking piston movable perpendicular to the direction of movement of the working piston being provided which can be displaced into a recess in the piston rod. This locking device requires a large amount of space and requires an additional pressure medium connection between the working piston and the locking piston. From DE-OS 35 40 277 a self-locking double-acting working cylinder is known in which a differential piston is axially displaceable on the one hand on its outer diameter in the housing and on the other hand with its inner channel is mounted on a housing-fixed socket, with a locking piston which on the one hand in the differential piston and on the other hand is mounted in the socket, the locking balls actuated. at this working cylinder three components move relative to each other within the housing, which is a relatively complicated structure; on the other hand, a complex pressure medium connection within the differential piston is required.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Hydraulikzylinder zu schaffen, der sich durch kompakten, im Arbeitszylinder integrierbaren Aufbau auszeichnet, und dabei eine geringe Anzahl relativ zueinander beweglicher Teile mit einfachem Aufbau aufweist; dabei soll die Verwendung sehr kleiner Kolben¬ stangen und Kolbendurchmesser (6 bis 16 mm) bei sehr langen Hubwegen ermöglicht werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic hydraulic cylinder which is distinguished by a compact structure which can be integrated in the working cylinder, and which has a small number of relatively movable parts with a simple structure; the use of very small piston rods and piston diameters (6 to 16 mm) with very long strokes should be made possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Eine weitere Lösung der Aufgabe wird dadurch erreicht, daß als Verschlußelement ein in einer Sackbohrung eines Zylinderbodens oder eines mit diesem starr verbundenen Bauteils gedichtet geführte Stufenkolben vorgesehen ist, der gegen den Druck in einem mit dem Druckanschluß verbundenen Arbeitsraum in Richtung derA further solution to the problem is achieved in that a stepped piston, which is guided in a sealed manner in a blind bore of a cylinder base or a component rigidly connected to it, is provided as the closure element, which against the pressure in a working space connected to the pressure connection in the direction of
VerriegelungsStellung vorgespannt ist, wobei der Abschnitt des Zylinderbodens, in dem der Stufenkolben geführt ist, in eine Ausnehmung in der dem Eingangsraum zugewandten Stirnseite des Arbeitskolbens hineinragt, die eine radiale Hinterschneidung aufweist, in die die Arretierungsteile einrastbar sind. Eine besonders günstige Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Arretierungsteile als Kugeln ausgebildet sind.Locked position is biased, the portion of the cylinder bottom, in which the stepped piston is guided, protrudes into a recess in the front side of the working piston facing the input space, which has a radial undercut, into which the locking parts can be latched. A particularly favorable embodiment of the invention provides that the locking parts are designed as balls.
Um einen Arbeitszylinder zur schaffen, der in beiden Endlagen verriegelbar ist, ist es besonders günstig, daß auf beiden Stirnseiten des Arbeitskolbens und Zylinderrohres eine Verriegelungseinheit, insbesondere symmetrisch zur Radialebene vorgesehen ist.In order to create a working cylinder which can be locked in both end positions, it is particularly advantageous that a locking unit, in particular symmetrical to the radial plane, is provided on both end faces of the working piston and cylinder tube.
Ist der Stufenkolben in einer Sackbohrung des Zylinderbodens oder eines mit diesem verbundenen Bauteils vorgesehen, so ist es von Vorteil, wenn der Abschnitt des Zylinderbodens, in den der Stufenkolben geführt ist, radial von einem Rückstellring umgeben ist, der begrenzt verschiebbar durch eine Feder vorgespannt ist, da auf diese Weise die Einrastkugeln gegen Herausfallen gesichert sind.If the stepped piston is provided in a blind bore in the cylinder base or a component connected to it, it is advantageous if the section of the cylinder base into which the stepped piston is guided is surrounded radially by a return ring which is preloaded to a limited extent by a spring , because in this way the locking balls are secured against falling out.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die sich mit dem Arbeitskolben bewegenden Arretierungsteile in entriegelter Stellung keinen Kontakt, mit dem Zylinderrohr haben. Daher ist vorgesehen, daß das in den Eingangsraum ragende Ende des Stufenkolbens in der Verriegelungsstellung in eine Ablenkbuchse ragt, die mit einer die Arretierungsteile radial nach außen beaufschlagenden Schräge versehen ist. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, daß der Stufenkolben die Arretierungsteile in entriegelter Stellung verklemmt und letztere erst wieder bei Erreichen der Verriegelungsstellung durch die Ablenkbuchse nach außen bewegt werden. Erlaubt es das Material oder die Qualität des Zylinderrohres, daß die Arretierungsteile während der Kolbenbewegung das Zylinderrohr beaufschlagen, so ist es bei gleichzeitigem Wegfall der Ablenkbuchse sinnvoll, daß der Stufenkolben mit mindestens einem konischen Abschnitt ausgestattet ist.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the locking parts moving with the working piston have no contact with the cylinder tube in the unlocked position. It is therefore provided that the end of the stepped piston protruding into the entrance space projects in the locking position into a deflection bushing which is provided with a bevel which acts radially outward on the locking parts. This makes it possible for the stepped piston to clamp the locking parts in the unlocked position and for the latter to be moved outwards again only when the locking position is reached by the deflection bushing. Allow it Material or the quality of the cylinder tube that the locking parts act on the cylinder tube during the piston movement, so it is useful with the simultaneous elimination of the deflection bushing that the stepped piston is equipped with at least one conical section.
Die Funktion und andere erfindungswesentlichen Merkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von drei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.The function and other features essential to the invention result from the following description of three preferred embodiments of the invention.
Hierzu zeigt:This shows:
Fig. 1 ein erstes AusführungsbeispielFig. 1 shows a first embodiment
Fig. 2 eine zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung im verriegelten ZustandFig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention in the locked state
Fig. 3 ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 in entriegeltem Zustand,3 shows an embodiment according to FIG. 2 in the unlocked state,
Fig. 4 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the invention.
Bei allen Figuren werden für einander entsprechende Teile die gleichen Bezugszeichen gewählt.In all figures, the same reference numerals are chosen for corresponding parts.
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Hydraulikzylinder besteht aus einem Zylinderrohr 1, das mit dem Zylinderboden 2 verschraubt ist, und in welchem der Arbeitskolben 3 axial verschiebbar und durch die Dichtringe 4 und 5 abgedichtet geführt ist. Der Zylinderboden 2 besitzt einen an eine Druckmittelquelle anschließbaren Druckanschluß 7, welcher mit dem ebenfalls im Zylinderboden 2 vorgesehenen Eingangsraum 8 verbunden ist. In der dem Eingangsraum 8 zugewandten Stirnseite des Arbeitskolbens 3 ist eine Sackbohrung 13 angebracht, in welcher der Stufenkolben 6 axial verschieblich und durch die Feder 14 in Richtung auf den Eingangsraum 8 beaufschlagt angeordnet ist. Hierzu stützt sich die Feder 14 zum einen am Boden der Sackbohrung 13 und zum anderen an einer weiteren Sackbohrung 16 ab, welche im Stufenkolben 6 angebracht ist. Der Stufenkolben 6 ist durch den Dichtring 17 abgedichtet, welcher sich in einer Ringnut im Arbeitskolben 3 oder Sperrkolben 6 befindet.The hydraulic cylinder shown in Fig. 1 consists of a cylinder tube 1 which is screwed to the cylinder base 2 and in which the working piston 3 is axially displaceable and is guided by the sealing rings 4 and 5 sealed. The cylinder base 2 has a pressure connection 7 which can be connected to a pressure medium source and which is connected to the input space 8 also provided in the cylinder base 2. In the end face of the working piston 3 facing the input space 8, a blind bore 13 is provided, in which the stepped piston 6 is arranged to be axially displaceable and acted upon by the spring 14 in the direction of the input space 8. For this purpose, the spring 14 is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the blind bore 13 and on the other hand on a further blind bore 16 which is provided in the stepped piston 6. The stepped piston 6 is sealed by the sealing ring 17, which is located in an annular groove in the working piston 3 or locking piston 6.
Der dem Eingangsraum 8 zugewandte Endabschnitt des Arbeitskolbens 3 ist an seiner Mantelseite mit drei radialen Durchgangsbohrungen 15 versehen, in welchen jeweils ein als Kugel ausgebildetes Arretierungsteil 10 radial beweglich geführt ist. Die Arretierungsteile 10 werden in der dargestellten, verriegelten Lage durch die Kraft der Feder 14 in Verbindung mit einem ersten konischen Abschnitt 19 am Stufenkolben 6 radial nach außen in eine ringnutförmige radiale Ausnehmung 11 im Zylinderboden 2 gedrückt. Die jeweils aus dem Arbeitskolben 2 herausragenden Abschnitte der Verriegelungsteile 10 verhindern in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Anschlag 12 eine axiale Bewegung des Arbeitskolbens 2.The end section of the working piston 3 facing the input space 8 is provided on its jacket side with three radial through bores 15, in each of which a locking part 10 designed as a ball is guided so as to be radially movable. In the illustrated, locked position, the locking parts 10 are pressed radially outward into an annular groove-shaped radial recess 11 in the cylinder base 2 by the force of the spring 14 in conjunction with a first conical section 19 on the stepped piston 6. The sections of the locking parts 10 protruding from the working piston 2, in cooperation with the stop 12, prevent axial movement of the working piston 2.
Soll dagegen der Arbeitskolben 3 durchIn contrast, the working piston 3 should
Druckmittelbeaufschlagung über den Druckanschluß 7 und den Eingangsraum 8 hydraulisch bewegt werden, so entriegelt sich die oben beschriebene Sperreinrichtung selbsttätig. Durch den hydraulischen Druck wird der Stufenkolben 6 gegen die Kraft der Feder 14 in die Sackbohrung 13 des Arbeitskolben 2 hineingeschoben. Dadurch, daß die dem Eingangsraum zugewandten Stufenabschnitte des Stufenkolbens 6 jeweils im Durchmesser verjüngt sind, können sich die Arretierungsteile 10 radial nach innen bewegen und somit die Verriegelung im Kolbenboden 2 aufheben. Während der Bewegung des Arbeitskolbens 3 im Zylinderrohr 1 werden die Arretierungsteile 10 durch die verbleibende Überschußkraft der Feder 14 in Verbindung mit dem zweiten konischen Abschnitt 20 am Stufenkolben mit einer geringen Radialkraftkomponente an die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 1 gedrückt.Applying pressure medium hydraulically via the pressure connection 7 and the input space 8, the locking device described above unlocks itself. The stepped piston 6 pushed against the force of the spring 14 into the blind bore 13 of the working piston 2. Characterized in that the stepped portions of the stepped piston 6 facing the entrance space are each tapered in diameter, the locking parts 10 can move radially inward and thus release the locking in the piston head 2. During the movement of the working piston 3 in the cylinder tube 1, the locking parts 10 are pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1 by the remaining excess force of the spring 14 in connection with the second conical section 20 on the stepped piston with a small radial force component.
Die Rückstellung des Arbeitskolbens 3 kann beispielsweise über eine dem Eingangsraum 8 gegenüberliegende Arbeitskammer auf der anderen Seite des Arbeitskolbens hydraulisch erfolgen, oder aber auch mechanisch über die im Arbeitskolben 3 verschraubte Kolbenstange 21.The working piston 3 can be reset hydraulically, for example, via a working chamber opposite the input space 8 on the other side of the working piston, or else mechanically via the piston rod 21 screwed into the working piston 3.
Für die in Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 dargestellte Ausführungsform trifft im wesentlichen das zu, was bereits im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 1 erläutert wurde. Im folgenden werden lediglich die Unterschiede gegenüber der Ausführungsformen nach Fig. 1 beschrieben.For the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, essentially that which has already been explained in connection with FIG. 1 applies. Only the differences from the embodiments according to FIG. 1 are described below.
Zur Beaufschlagung der Arretierungsteile weist der Stufenkolben 6 einen Kolbenabschnitt 25 auf, der entweder sehr schwach konisch oder zylindrisch ausgeführt ist, an den sich ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 26 anschließt. Dadurch wird in entriegeltem Zustand, wie er in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, keine Radialkraftkomponente nach außen auf die Arretierungsteile 10 wirksam. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Arretierungsteile 10 in entriegeltem Zustand zwischen den Kanten 27,28 am Arbeitskolben 2 bzw. am Stufenkolben 6 durch die Kraft der Feder 14 eingeklemmt werden und sich in eingerückter Lage halten.To act on the locking parts, the stepped piston 6 has a piston section 25 which is either very weakly conical or cylindrical, to which a cylindrical section 26 adjoins. As a result, in the unlocked state, as shown in FIG. 3, no radial force component acts on the locking parts 10 to the outside. As a consequence, that the locking parts 10 are clamped in the unlocked state between the edges 27, 28 on the working piston 2 or on the stepped piston 6 by the force of the spring 14 and hold in the engaged position.
Es besteht also während der Bewegung des Arbeitskolbens 2 im Zylinderrohr 1 kein Kontakt zwischen der Zylinderrohrinnenwand und den Arretierungsteilen 10 , wodurch keine besonderen Maßnahmen wie beispielsweise Härten, Nitrieren oder Galvanisieren an der Innenfläche des Zylinderrohres 1 notwendig sind.There is therefore no contact between the inner wall of the cylinder tube and the locking parts 10 during the movement of the working piston 2 in the cylinder tube 1, as a result of which no special measures such as hardening, nitriding or galvanizing are necessary on the inner surface of the cylinder tube 1.
Um beim Erreichen der Verriegelungsläge die Arretierungsteile 10 aus dieser eingerückten Lage wieder zu lösen ist am Zylinderboden 2 im Bereich des Eingangsraums 8 eine Ablenkbuchse 29 angebracht. Diese weist an ihrer dem Arbeitskolben 3 zugewandten Stirnseite eine an der äußeren Mantelfläche angebrachte schräge Anfasung 30 auf. Beim Erreichen der Verriegelungslage bewegt sich der zylindrische Abschnitt 26 des Stufenkolbens 6 in die Ablenkbuchse 29 hinein, die Arretierungsteile 10 werden durch die Beaufschlagung mit der schrägen Anfasung 30 radial nach außen bewegt. Um eine optimale Druckbeaufschlagung des Arbeitskolbens 3 aus der verriegelten Lage heraus zu erreichen, sind radiale Durchlaßkanäle 31 am Umfang der Ablenkbuchse 29 verteilt vorgesehen.In order to release the locking parts 10 from this engaged position when the locking position is reached, a deflection bushing 29 is attached to the cylinder base 2 in the region of the input space 8. This has, on its end facing the working piston 3, an oblique chamfer 30 attached to the outer lateral surface. When the locking position is reached, the cylindrical section 26 of the stepped piston 6 moves into the deflection bushing 29, the locking parts 10 are moved radially outward by the application of the oblique chamfer 30. In order to achieve an optimal pressurization of the working piston 3 from the locked position, radial passage channels 31 are provided distributed over the circumference of the deflection bushing 29.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 ist vogesehen, daß die Arretierungsteile 10 keinen axialen Hubweg mit dem Arbeitskolben 3 zurücklegen. Der Stufenkoben 6 befindet sich durch die Dichtung 42 abgedichtet axial verschiebbar in einem Einsatzzylinder 41, welcher mit dem ZylinderbodenIn the embodiment according to FIG. 4, it is provided that the locking parts 10 do not cover an axial stroke path with the working piston 3. The step piston 6 is sealed by the seal 42 and axially displaceable in an insert cylinder 41, which with the cylinder bottom
2 durch die Schraube 43 verspannt ist. Hierzu ist im Zylinderboden 2 eine gestufte, axiale Durchgangsbohrung vorgesehen; ein Dichtring 44 ist in einer Ringnut am Einsatzzylinder 41 vorgesehen. In verriegeltem Zustand, wie er in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, ragt der Einsatzzylinder 41 in eine axiale Ausnehmung 45, welche im Arbeitszylinder2 is clamped by the screw 43. For this purpose, a stepped, axial through bore is provided in the cylinder base 2; a sealing ring 44 is provided in an annular groove on the insert cylinder 41. In the locked state, as shown in Fig. 4, the insert cylinder 41 protrudes into an axial recess 45 which is in the working cylinder
3 an der dem Druckanschluß 7 zugewandten Stirnseite angebracht ist. Diese Ausnehmung 45 ist mit einer radialen Hinterschneidung versehen, in welche die Arretierungsteile 10 zur Verriegelung des Arbeitskolbens 3 bewegt werden können. Hierzu werden sie durch die konische erste Stufe 46 am Stufenkolben 6 in Zusammenwirkung mit der den Stufenkolben 6 beaufschlagenden Druckfeder 48 radial nach außen belastet.3 is attached to the end facing the pressure connection 7. This recess 45 is provided with a radial undercut into which the locking parts 10 can be moved to lock the working piston 3. For this purpose, they are loaded radially outwards by the conical first step 46 on the step piston 6 in cooperation with the compression spring 48 acting on the step piston 6.
Die Entriegelung des Arbeitskolbens 3 geschieht durch Druckeinleitung in den Druckanschluß 7, die sich über die Durchlaßkanäle 49 in einer radialen Erweiterung des EinsatzZylinders 41 in den Arbeitsraum 50 und von dort aus durch den radial verlaufenden Kanal 51 im Arbeitskolben 3 fortsetzt. Über diesen Weg wird bei Druckeinleitung der Stufenkolben 6 gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 48 in den Einsatzzylinder 41 hinein bewegt. Durch die Schräge 52 am ringförmigen radial nach innen weisenden Vorsprung 53 am Arbeitskolben 3 werden die Arretierungsteile 10 radial nach innen bewegt, bis sie an der zweiten Stufe 47 des Stufenkolbens 6 zur Anlage kommen. Durch die Druckbeaufschlagung verschiebt sich der Arbeitskolben 3 vom Druckanschluß 7 weg, während gleichzeitig der Rückstellring 54, der den Einsatzzylinder 41 radial umgibt und durch die Rückstellfeder 55 vorgespannt ist, dem Arbeitskolben 3 nachgeführt wird, bis der Anschlag 56 des Rückstellringes 54 an der Stufe 57 des EinsatzZylinders 41 zum Anliegen kommt. Die Rückstellfeder 55 stützt sich zum einen an der radialen Erweiterung des Einsatzzylinders 41, an dem auch der Durchlaßkanal 49 angebracht ist, und zu anderen an einer Außenstufe des Rückstellringes 54 ab. Der Weg den der Rückstellring 54 durch die Rückstellfeder 55 bedingt zurücklegen kann, ist dabei so bemessen, daß die Ausnehmungen 58, in denen die Arretierteile 10 geführt sind, axial überfahren werden. Hierdurch sind die Arretierteile 10 gegen ein Herausfallen aus ihren Ausnehmungen 58 gesichert.The working piston 3 is unlocked by introducing pressure into the pressure connection 7, which continues through the passage channels 49 in a radial expansion of the insert cylinder 41 into the working space 50 and from there through the radially extending channel 51 in the working piston 3. When the pressure is introduced, the stepped piston 6 is moved into the insert cylinder 41 against the force of the compression spring 48. Through the bevel 52 on the annular radially inward projection 53 on the working piston 3, the locking parts 10 are moved radially inward until they come to rest on the second step 47 of the step piston 6. Due to the pressurization, the working piston 3 moves away from the pressure connection 7, while at the same time the return ring 54, which radially surrounds the insert cylinder 41 and is biased by the return spring 55, the Working piston 3 is tracked until the stop 56 of the return ring 54 comes to rest on the step 57 of the insert cylinder 41. The return spring 55 is supported on the one hand on the radial extension of the insert cylinder 41, to which the passage 49 is also attached, and on the other hand on an outer step of the return ring 54. The path that the return ring 54 can travel conditionally through the return spring 55 is dimensioned such that the recesses 58, in which the locking parts 10 are guided, are passed axially. As a result, the locking parts 10 are secured against falling out of their recesses 58.
Beim Zurückfahren des Arbeitskolbens 3 in Richtung Verriegelungsstellung wird der Rückstellring 54 durch die Stirnseite des Arbeitskolbens 3 gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 55 verschoben. Hat der Vorsprung 53 die Ausnehmung 58 im Einsatzzylinder 41 überfahren, so werden die Arretierungsteile 10 durch den vorgespannten Stufenkolben 6, der sich in Richtung auf den Arbeitszylinder 3 bewegt, radial nach außen beaufschlagt. Der Arbeitszylinder 3 ist somit wieder verriegelt. When the working piston 3 moves back in the direction of the locking position, the return ring 54 is displaced by the end face of the working piston 3 against the force of the return spring 55. If the projection 53 has passed over the recess 58 in the insert cylinder 41, the locking parts 10 are acted upon radially outwards by the prestressed stepped piston 6, which moves in the direction of the working cylinder 3. The working cylinder 3 is thus locked again.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873732561 DE3732561A1 (en) | 1987-09-26 | 1987-09-26 | LOCKABLE HYDRAULIC CYLINDER |
| DE3732561 | 1987-09-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0334924A1 true EP0334924A1 (en) | 1989-10-04 |
| EP0334924B1 EP0334924B1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
Family
ID=6337005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88908198A Expired - Lifetime EP0334924B1 (en) | 1987-09-26 | 1988-09-13 | Lockable hydraulic cylinder |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0334924B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2701906B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3732561A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989002987A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3913009C2 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1994-08-11 | Wolfgang Dipl Ing Niemann | Pneumatic cylinder with end position locking |
| DE4107724A1 (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-09-24 | Hella Kg Hueck & Co | Servo drive with safety device |
| DE4107980A1 (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-09-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hydraulically activated latching mechanism for piston valve - has piston rod with groove that receives ball to secure element to internal bush |
| DE4215031C2 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 2003-12-04 | Ise Gmbh | Lockable piston actuator for transporting a roll bar for motor vehicles |
| JPH08193605A (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-30 | Itec Kk | Cylinder with end lock |
| DE19606724A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-28 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg | Device for changing the opening and closing times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE19727590C1 (en) * | 1997-06-28 | 1998-07-23 | Daimler Benz Ag | Crash coupling for roll bar of motor vehicle |
| DE29806525U1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-09-02 | Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH & Co. KG, 48703 Stadtlohn | Loader wagons for the transport of crops in particular |
| DE19916678C1 (en) | 1999-04-14 | 2001-02-01 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Drive device for automobile rollover bar has piston-cylinder unit of auxiliary positioning drive uncoupled from spring-loaded piston for raising rollover bar in event of accident |
| DE10323118B4 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2011-07-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, 80809 | Device for manually reversing a device for protecting persons in a frontal impact on a motor vehicle |
| DE10343714B4 (en) * | 2003-09-20 | 2005-12-08 | Niemann, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. | Lockable pneumatic cylinder |
| US7784392B1 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2010-08-31 | HDM Hydraulics, LLC | Hydraulic locking cylinder |
| DE102008011731A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Pneumatic actuator |
| CN108825584B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-04-07 | 永红保定铸造机械有限公司 | Piston type actuating mechanism with self-locking function |
| CN109630497A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-16 | 湖南协力液压有限公司 | A kind of preload sealing fluid cylinder pressure |
| CN113847301B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2024-02-02 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Oil cylinder capable of resisting lateral force |
| CN114087396B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-06 | 四川凌峰航空液压机械有限公司 | Self-locking gas-liquid conversion valve |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR803805A (en) * | 1935-03-28 | 1936-10-09 | Elektronmetall Gmbh | Variable length spacer for airplanes |
| FR51778E (en) * | 1941-09-12 | 1943-05-03 | Mahle Kommandit Ges | Variable length spacer for airplanes |
| US2887991A (en) | 1954-03-29 | 1959-05-26 | Haskel Engineering Associates | Fluid actuator with locking means |
| US3397620A (en) * | 1966-10-06 | 1968-08-20 | Milwaukee Cylinder Corp | Fluid actuator with annular piston locking means |
| US3614912A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1971-10-26 | Lionel Pacific Inc | Telescoping piston central lock hydraulic actuator |
| JPS5321288B2 (en) * | 1972-08-11 | 1978-07-01 | ||
| US4586425A (en) | 1980-06-09 | 1986-05-06 | General Dynamics Pomona Division | Clamp locking device |
| DE3143040A1 (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-05 | Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH, 3000 Hannover | Device for locking a pressure medium-actuated double-acting piston-cylinder drive |
| GB2128680B (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1986-03-12 | Johnston Brothers | Hydraulic cylinder and piston |
| US4635536A (en) * | 1983-09-19 | 1987-01-13 | Miller Fluid Power Corporation | Cylinder locking apparatus |
| IT1177258B (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1987-08-26 | Alfa Romeo Auto Spa | SELF-LOCKING, FLUID ACTUATOR |
-
1987
- 1987-09-26 DE DE19873732561 patent/DE3732561A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-09-13 WO PCT/EP1988/000835 patent/WO1989002987A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-09-13 EP EP88908198A patent/EP0334924B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-09-13 JP JP63507581A patent/JP2701906B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-13 DE DE8888908198T patent/DE3872222D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8902987A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3732561C2 (en) | 1992-10-08 |
| DE3872222D1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| JPH02501403A (en) | 1990-05-17 |
| DE3732561A1 (en) | 1989-04-13 |
| EP0334924B1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| WO1989002987A1 (en) | 1989-04-06 |
| JP2701906B2 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
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