EP0328103A1 - Système à cycle de rankine hybride - Google Patents
Système à cycle de rankine hybride Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0328103A1 EP0328103A1 EP89102240A EP89102240A EP0328103A1 EP 0328103 A1 EP0328103 A1 EP 0328103A1 EP 89102240 A EP89102240 A EP 89102240A EP 89102240 A EP89102240 A EP 89102240A EP 0328103 A1 EP0328103 A1 EP 0328103A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent solution
- vapor
- boiler
- rankine cycle
- cycle system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical group [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 80
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPLONMMJNGTUAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;bromide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[Br-] IPLONMMJNGTUAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
- F01K25/065—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid Rankine cycle system.
- a typical power plant incorporating a Rankine cycle system basically has a boiler B, a steam turbine ST, a condenser C and a feedwater pump FP.
- the boiler B is generally equipped with a superheater SH.
- the boiler B heats working medium or water to generate vapor or steam.
- the saturated steam of high temperature and pressure generated in the boiler B flows into a superheater SH and is superheated to become superheated steam of higher temperature.
- the high-pressure steam from the superheater SH expands through the steam turbine ST to produce a mechanical work, and is then discharged with relatively lower temperature and pressure.
- the mechanical work thus produced in the steam turbine ST is converted into electrical power by means of a generator G connected to the steam turbine ST.
- the steam from the steam turbine ST passes through the condenser, where it condenses into condensate CD on a heat exchange with cooling water CW supplied from the outside.
- the condensate CD from the condenser C is pumped by a feedwater pump FP to the boiler B to complete the cycle.
- the thermal efficiency ⁇ of the power plant gauges the extent to which the energy input to the working fluid flowing through the boiler is converted to the net work output.
- the maximum temperature and pressure are limited to be between 811°K and 839°K and to be not higher than 2.46 x 102 Pa, respectively, in the technical point of view of heat resisting strength of the boiler material. Accordingly, it is difficult to expect the further improvement in the thermal efficiency due to increase in the temperature and pressure.
- the temperature and pressure of the steam discharged from the steam turbine depends on the temperature of the cooling water CW.
- the pressure of the steam from the steam turbine corresponds to a saturation pressure of steam at a temperature higher by 5°C to 10°C than that of the cooling water CW.
- the temperature of the steam from the steam turbine corresponds to a temperature at which the steam passing into the steam turbine reaches when such steam expands to reduce the pressure thereof into that of the steam leaving the steam turbine.
- the improvement in the thermal efficiency by the second method requires cooling water of a lower temperature and, hence, is limited undesirably.
- a Karina cycle which does not require cooling water of low temperature.
- This cycle referred to as Karina cycle, makes use of ammonia as working medium for vapor prime mover.
- the working medium (ammonia) is absorbed by water so that the temperature and pressure of vapor from the prime mover are lowered.
- the Karina cycle requires various additional safety measures because of combustibility and toxicity of ammonia. Ammonia of 0.5% - 1% concentration in terms of volumetric ratio causes a fatal effect within 30 minutes. Thus, Karina cycle is not suitable to practically carry out and requires a complicated arrangement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid Rankine cycle system which overcomes the above-described problems of the prior art.
- the present invention is aimed at providing a hybrid Rankine cycle system which offers a sufficiently high thermal efficiency and which has a simple construction.
- a hybrid Rankine cycle system comprising: means including a heating device and for separating working medium vapor from weak absorbent solution including said working medium and substance a boiling point of which is higher heating temperature in the heating device, whereby remaining therein strong absorbent solution; a vapor driven prime mover through which said vapor from the vapor separating means expands to produce work outside; an absorber condenser means for introducing thereinto the strong absorbent solution to absorb the vapor from the prime mover to produce the weak absorbent solution; means for delivering the weak absorbent solution towards the vapor separating means; and means for delivering the strong absorbent solution from the separating means towards the absorber condenser means.
- a condensed strong absorbent solution is produced by a working medium vapor separation means such as a boiler or a regenerator.
- the condensed strong absorbent solution is supplied to an absorber condenser where the working medium vapor from the prime mover is absorbed by the strong absorbent solution and condensed to become a condensate.
- an embodiment of the hybrid Rankine cycle system in accordance with the present invention basically has a boiler 1, a vapor prime mover 2, an absorber condenser 3 and a feed pump 4.
- the boiler 1 may have a superheater.
- An absorbent solution is supplied to the boiler 1 by the feed pump 4 and is heated therein to free vapor of a working medium from the absorbent solution, which ha been absorbed by this absorbent solution.
- an absorbent solution of a high concentration (referred to as “strong absorbent solution” hereinafter) remains in the boiler 1.
- the vapor leaving the boiler flows into the prime mover 2 and expand therethrough to produce a mechanical work, and discharged with relatively low temperature and pressure into the absorber condenser 3.
- An outlet of the boiler 1 is communicated with the absorber condenser 3 through a communication line 5 through which the strong absorbent solution flows.
- the vapor from the prime mover 2 makes a gas-liquid contact with the strong absorbent solution from the boiler 1.
- the strong absorbent solution leaving the boiler 1 absorbs the working medium vapor to become an absorbent solution of a low concentration (referred to as "weak absorbent solution” hereinafter).
- Absorption heat generated is discharged to the cooling water flowing the cooling water line 6.
- the weak absorbent solution is discharged from the absorber condenser 3 and is then returned to the boiler 1 by means of the feed pump 4.
- the working medium and the absorbent should be selected such that they do not easily mix with each other when the absorbent solution is in boiled condition.
- the absorbent solution should have the following natures.
- a water-lithium bromide (LiBr) solution a water-lithium chloride (LiCl) solution or a water-potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution is suitably used as the absorbent solution.
- LiBr water-lithium bromide
- LiCl water-lithium chloride
- KOH water-potassium hydroxide
- the working medium which works in the prime mover 2 is steam, while the absorbent solution is an aqueous solution of lithium bromide.
- Fig. 2 shows a Dsweeping's diagram of aqueous solution of lithium bromide. It will be seen that the higher the saturation temperature of aqueous solution of lithium bromide becomes, the higher the concentration of lithium bromide becomes.
- the absorbent solution flowing from the condenser 3 towards the boiler 1 is a weak aqueous solution of lithium bromide, while the absorbent solution flowing in the communication line 5 is a strong lithium bromide aqueous solution.
- the temperature and pressure of the steam generated in the boiler 1 and of the strong lithium bromide are 310°C and 16 ata, respectively, as shown at point B in Fig. 2.
- the steam of 310°C and 16 ata adiabatically expands in the prime mover 2 to reduce the pressure thereof into 0.01 ata. If the expansion is a perfectly adiabatic one, the steam temperature and pressure are reduced to 7°C and 0.01 ata, respectively, as shown at point B in Fig. 3.
- the enthalpies of the steam at the inlet and the outlet of the prime mover 2 are 730 Kcal/kg (point A in Fig. 3) and 465 Kcal/kg (point B in Fig. 3), respectively.
- the prime mover 2 produces an output of 265 Kcal per 1 kg of steam per unit time.
- the described embodiment can produce the output of 265 Kcal/kg per 1 kg of steam which is much higher than 200 Kcal/kg produced by conventional Rankine cycle system, thus achieving a remarkable improvement in the thermal efficiency.
- the described embodiment can produce superheated steam without provision of a superheater.
- the conventional Rankine cycle system has required that the system during a start-up time period has to be operated with a light thermal load until the flow rate of steam in a superheater of the boiler is increased to a level large enough to prevent melting down of the superheater. Such light-load operation is not necessary in the hybrid Rankine cycle system of the described embodiment.
- the described embodiment is also advantageous in that the start-up time period can be shortened considerably.
- a conventional Karina cycle system which makes use of a mixture fluid consisting of ammonia and water employs a flash tank 82 which conducts flashing of the mixture of aqueous ammonia and ammonia gas so as to separate the mixture into two fractions: namely, aqueous ammonia of a low concentration (weak aqueous ammonia) and a mixture of ammonia gas and steam.
- the weak aqueous ammonia flows into the absorber condenser 92 and absorbs therein the ammonia gas leaving the prime mover 22.
- the mixture of ammonia gas and steam from the flash tank 82 flows into the condenser 93 and condenses therein into an ammonia condensate of a high concentration (strong ammonia condensate).
- a heat exchange is conducted between the weak absorbent solution to be supplied to the boiler 101 and the strong absorbent solution leaving the boiler 101.
- the temperature of the weak absorbent solution to be supplied to the boiler 101 which is as low as 50°C in the first embodiment, can be pre-heated up to about 250°C by virtue of the heat exchanger 108. This decreases the demand for heat input to the boiler 101, thus contributing to an improvement in the thermal efficiency of the system.
- Table 1 shows the performance of two embodiments of the invention, i.e., a hybrid Rankine cycle without a heat exchanger (Fig. 1) and a hybrid Rankine cycle with a heat exchanger (Fig. 6), in comparison with the performance of the conventional Rankine cycle system.
- the hybrid Rankine cycle system shown in Fig. 6 exhibits a thermal efficiency of 37% which is much higher than that (29%) of the conventional Rankine cycle system.
- Fig. 8 shows a different embodiment which employs the same arrangement as the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, and further includes a liquid turbine 209 provided at an intermediate portion of a strong absorbent solution communication line 205 and a pump 210 disposed at an intermediate portion of a weak absorbent solution return line 207.
- the pump 210 is driven by the liquid turbine 209.
- the combination of the liquid turbine 209 and the pump 210 provides about 70% of the power which is required for feeding the absorbent solution from the absorber condenser 206 into the boiler 201.
- the capacity of the feed pump 204 can be reduced to about 30% of that of the feed pumps which are used in the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 and 6.
- Figs. 9 and 10 show different embodiments of the present invention which employ suitable countermeasures against erosion.
- Fig. 9 has the substantially same arrangement as the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, except for the following point.
- Heat transfer tubes 309 are disposed in the boiler 301 such that they are completely immersed under the surface of the absorbent solution in the boiler 301, and the prime mover 302 is a multi-staged one which is composed of, for example, the high-pressure side 312 and the low-pressure side 322.
- water is used as the working medium, while lithium bromide (LiBr) is used as the absorbent.
- LiBr lithium bromide
- the steam leaving the high-pressure side prime mover 312 is reheated in the heat-transfer tubes 309 and then fed forwards the low-pressure side prime mover 322.
- the steam 20 leaving the high-pressure side prime mover 312 with low temperature and pressure is returned to the boiler 301 and is made to flow through the heat-transfer tubes 309 so as to be reheated by the steam and lithium bromide solution of high temperature and pressure in the boiler 301.
- the steam thus reheated to a higher temperature flows into the low-pressure prime mover 322 and expands therethrough to produce a work outside.
- the steam with low temperature and pressure is then discharged into the absorber condenser 303.
- the lithium bromide solution condensed to a higher density in the boiler 301 flows into the absorber condenser 303 through the heat exchanger 308 and absorbs the steam coming from the low-pressure side prime mover 322 to become a weak lithium bromide solution.
- the weak lithium bromide solution is then returned to the boiler 301 through the heat exchanger 308 by means of the feed pump 304.
- the steam to be supplied to the low-pressure side prime mover 322 can raises the temperature thereof substantially to the same level as the steam from the boiler 301. Accordingly a high level of dryness of steam is maintained at the outlet of the low-pressure side prime mover 322, thus eliminating any risk of erosion.
- the temperature of the heat-transfer tube 309 is maintained in the substantially same low level as of the lithium bromide solution even though the flow rate of the steam circulating through the system is still low (at start-up). Therefore, the heat-transfer tubes are free from the problem of damage due to high temperature, so that the system can smoothly be started up without substantial restriction in the starting condition. This shortens the start-up time, i.e., the time from the start till the steady operation, of the hybrid Rankine cycle system.
- the heat-transfer tubes 309 may be arranged such that a part of these tubes is exposed above the surface of the lithium bromide solution (i.e., the steam atmosphere) as shown in Fig. 10. It is even possible that the entire part of the heat-transfer tubes 309 is disposed in the steam atmosphere in the boiler.
- the concentration of lithium bromide of the lithium bromide solution supplied to the boiler 301 is 59%, while the lithium bromide concentration of the lithium bromide solution from the boiler 301 is 68%. It is also assumed that the pressure of the steam generated in the boiler 301 is 16 ata.
- the temperatures of the cooling water at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water lie 306 are assumed to be 36°C and 42°C, respectively, while the temperature of the lithium bromide solution at the outlet of the absorber condenser 303 is 50°C (see Fig. 2). Temperatures and pressures at various portions of the system operating under the above-described condition are shown in Table 2.
- Fig. 11 shows an entropy-enthalpy diagram showing the state of the working medium in this embodiment by a solid line and another showing the states of working medium in a system without reheating by a broken-line.
- the rate of supply of fuel reaches 100% in 5 minutes after the start of the system.
- the rate of supply of the fuel and the rate of generation of the steam reach the respective rated values thereof in 15 minutes and 25 minutes, respectively.
- 60 minutes and about 65 minutes elapse to reach the rated values of the steam generating rate and the boiler internal pressure, respectively.
- Fig. 14 shows a different embodiment which is suitable for use particularly when a large demand exists for preventing corrosion of a boiler by the working fluid.
- the absorbent solution which is corrosive is not supplied to the boiler but water (working medium) which has a small corrosion effect is supplied to a boiler 401, so that the corrosion of the structural members in the boiler 401 can effectively be avoided.
- the absorbent solution from the absorber condenser 403 is introduced into a regenerator 409 through a heat exchanger 408, and heated and boiled by heat transferred from steam which is derived from a prime mover 402 through one or more branch lines.
- the steam generated as a result of boiling is introduced to a condenser 410 so as to be cooled and condensed into liquid phase.
- the strong absorbent solution generated as a result of boiling flows to the heat exchanger 408 and makes a heat exchange therein with the weak absorbent solution from the absorber condenser 403.
- the strong absorbent solution thereafter, flows into the absorber condenser 406 where it absorbs the steam from the prime mover 402.
- the regenerator 409 serves as the separating means which separates the working medium vapor (steam) from the absorbent solution.
- the steam leaving the prime mover 402 and passing the branch lines is partly condensed into liquid phase due to heat absorption in the regenerator 409 and is introduced through a pressure regulator valve 411 into the condenser 410 so as to be fully condensed.
- the water generated in the condenser 410 and the water supplied from the outside are fed back to the boiler 401 by means of the feedwater pump 404.
- the steam to be supplied to the regenerator 409 is extracted from a line through which the steam from the prime mover 402 flows.
- This, however, is not exclusive and the steam may be extracted from an intermediate portion of the prime mover 402.
- the steam to be supplied to the absorber condenser 403 may be extracted from an intermediate portion of the prime mover 402, while the steam to bed supplied to the regenerator 409 may be derived from the outlet of the prime mover 402.
- fluid to be supplied to the boiler 401 is water but not the absorbent solution, so that the boiler 401 is protected against corrosion which otherwise maybe caused by the absorbent solution. Therefore, the steam from the boiler 401 can have a sufficiently high pressure, so that the output efficiency of the prime mover, which is given as the ratio of the output power of the prime mover to the heat input to the boiler, can be increased as compared with conventional system.
- Fig. 15 shows how does the electric power generating efficiency of this system change in relation to a efficiency of this system change in relation to a change in the cooling water temperature in the absorber condenser 403 and to a change in the steam pressure at the inlet of the prime mover (steam turbine) 402, on assumptions that the steam temperature at the inlet of the steam turbine 402 is 500°C and that the concentrations of LiBr in the absorbent solution in the absorber condenser 403 and in the regenerator 409 are 55% and 60%, respectively.
- Fig. 16 shows the manner how the electric power generating efficiency is changed in this embodiment in relation to a change in the lithium bromide concentration in the regenerator 409, as observed when the difference in the lithium bromide concentration between the solution in the absorber condenser 403 and the solution in the regenerator 409 is 5% while the temperature and pressure of the steam at the inlet of the turbine are 500°C and 8.1 MPa, respectively. It will be seen that the electric power generating efficiency is increased as the concentration of lithium bromide is increased.
- Fig. 17 shows the manner how the electric power generating efficiency is changed in this embodiment in relation to a change in the steam temperature at the turbine inlet as observed when the lithium bromide concentrations in the solutions in the absorber condenser 403 and the regenerator 409 are 55% and 60%, respectively, while the steam pressure at the turbine inlet is 8.1 MPa. It will be understood that the power generating efficiency is increased in accordance with a rise in the steam temperature at the turbine inlet.
- the working fluid is composed of (water) steam as working medium for driving the prime mover (turbine) and of aqueous solution of lithium bromide (LiBr) as absorbent solution
- Fig. 18 shows a different embodiment of the present invention which employs a plurality of regenerators.
- regenerator means 4 consisting of two regenerators 412 and 413 connected in series.
- This embodiment also employs heat exchangers 414 and 415 corresponding to the regenerators 412 and 413.
- the separation of the steam from the absorbent solution is effected in two stages by means of the regenerators 412 and 413 even when the flow rate of the steam flowing through the branch line 416 is small, so that the output efficiency (electric power generating efficiency) of the prime mover 402 can be increased advantageously.
- Fig. 19 shows a different embodiment in which a reverse osmosis device 516 is used in place of the regenerator as the separation means for separating the working medium vapor and the absorption solution from each other.
- the reverse osmosis device 516 serves to separate water from the absorbent solution leaving the absorber condenser 403.
- the water thus separated is supplied to the boiler 501 by means of a feed pump 504, while the strong absorbent solution separated and remained in the reverse osmosis device 516 is returned to the absorber condenser 403 to absorb the working medium vapor form the prime mover 502.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 19 ensures a high electric power generating efficiency while overcoming the problem of corrosion of the boiler 501.
- the pressure is about 100 MPa when the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorbent solution is about 60%.
- Fig. 20 shows a different embodiment which employs an electric dialyzer 517 in place of the reverse osmosis device 516, for the purpose of separation of water from the absorbent solution leaving the absorber condenser 403.
- This embodiment offers, like as in the case of the embodiment incorporating the reverse osmosis device 516, a high electric power generating efficiency while suppressing corrosion of the boiler 501.
- Fig. 21 shows a different embodiment in which a weak solution is heated in a high-temperature regenerator 601 so as to be divided into steam and strong absorbent solution.
- a part of the steam flows through a steam line 601a into a low-temperature regenerator 610 and generates therein steam and condenses into water in a condenser 611, which is heated and evaporated again by the chilled water flowing through an evaporator 612.
- the steam generated in the evaporator 612 is absorbed and condensed by the strong solution in an absorber 603 connected to the evaporator 612. In consequence, a vacuum on the order of 5 mmHg or so is maintained within the evaporator 612 and the absorber 603.
- the condensate is then fed into the high-temperature regenerator 601 by means of the pump 604.
- the other part of the steam generated in the high-temperature regenerator 601 flows into a steam turbine 602 through the steam line 601b and expands therethrough to produce a work outside while reducing its pressure.
- the steam thus expanded is then directly introduced into the absorber 603 so as to be absorbed and condensed by the solution.
- the steam passing through the steam line 601a circulates through an absorption type refrigeration cycle which generates and supplies chilled water 613.
- the steam passing through the steam line 601b drives the steam turbine 602 to produce electric power.
- Both steam passing through the lines 601a and 601b is absorbed and condensed in the absorber 603.
- the amounts of the chilled water and electric power can be changed as desired by controlling the flow rates of steam in the steam lines 601a and 601b according to the demands.
- the system of this embodiment can be obtained simply by incorporating a combination of a steam turbine and a generator in absorption refrigeration system, so that the system can have quite a simple construction which is very easy to maintain and inspect.
- Fig. 22 shows a different embodiment of the present invention in which an absorber condenser 613 different from an absorber of a refrigeration cycle is provided on the back-pressure side, i.e., discharge side, of the steam turbine shown in Fig. 21.
- This absorber condenser 613 is provided for an intention of converting a greater part of the energy of steam into heat energy instead of converting into mechanical or electrical energy.
- the temperature of cooling water flowing in the heated water cycle 614 is set at about 80°C so that the ratio of the energy converted into electrical power by the turbine 602 is reduced while allowing the energy of the exhaust steam from the turbine to be taken out as heated water of 80°C.
- the heat energy possessed by this heated water is recovered through a separate refrigerator 615 or a heated-water heat exchanger 616, whereby most part of the heat energy of the steam is efficiently utilized.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30648/88 | 1988-02-12 | ||
| JP63030648A JP2896423B2 (ja) | 1988-02-12 | 1988-02-12 | ランキンサイクル装置 |
| JP7043888A JPH01244105A (ja) | 1988-03-24 | 1988-03-24 | 吸収式復水ランキンサイクル装置 |
| JP70438/88 | 1988-03-24 | ||
| JP7044088A JPH01244106A (ja) | 1988-03-24 | 1988-03-24 | ランキンサイクル装置 |
| JP70440/88 | 1988-03-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0328103A1 true EP0328103A1 (fr) | 1989-08-16 |
Family
ID=27287044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89102240A Withdrawn EP0328103A1 (fr) | 1988-02-12 | 1989-02-09 | Système à cycle de rankine hybride |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0328103A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR890013315A (fr) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2249115C2 (ru) * | 2002-10-07 | 2005-03-27 | Иванников Николай Павлович | Регенеративная теплогидротурбинная установка |
| WO2007132183A3 (fr) * | 2006-05-11 | 2009-04-16 | Rm Energy As | Méthode et appareil |
| WO2008131810A3 (fr) * | 2007-04-26 | 2010-09-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Fluide de travail pour processus de circuit vapeur et procédé d'exploitation correspondant |
| CN101988397A (zh) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-03-23 | 王世英 | 一种低品位热流原动机、发电系统及其方法 |
| WO2010130981A3 (fr) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-04-25 | Naji Amin Atalla | Moteur thermique pour produire un travail mécanique et pompe à chaleur réfrigérante |
| CN114111094A (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 一种利用机组抽汽与吸收式热泵的脱硫浆液余热回收装置 |
| CN119508018A (zh) * | 2024-11-06 | 2025-02-25 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所 | 能量梯级利用的高效蒸汽动力循环系统 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB294882A (en) * | 1927-07-30 | 1929-09-12 | Gen Electric | Improvements in and relating to vapour engines |
| FR1546326A (fr) * | 1966-12-02 | 1968-11-15 | Générateur d'énergie perfectionné, particulièrement pour créer une énergie enutilisant un réfrigérant | |
| FR2506386A1 (fr) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-26 | Kalina Alexander | Procede et dispositif pour la production d'energie au moyen d'un fluide actif et regeneration du fluide actif apres utilisation |
| EP0112041A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-01 | 1984-06-27 | Gason Energy Engineering Ltd. | Méthode et appareil pour l'absorption d'un gaz dans un liquide et leur utilisation dans des cycles de conversion d'énergie |
| EP0181275A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-14 | EcoEnergy, Inc. | Cycle de génération d'énergie |
| EP0193184A1 (fr) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-09-03 | Alexander I. Kalina | Méthode et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un cycle thermodynamique comportant un refroidissement intermédiaire |
-
1989
- 1989-02-09 EP EP89102240A patent/EP0328103A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-02-11 KR KR1019890001577A patent/KR890013315A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB294882A (en) * | 1927-07-30 | 1929-09-12 | Gen Electric | Improvements in and relating to vapour engines |
| FR1546326A (fr) * | 1966-12-02 | 1968-11-15 | Générateur d'énergie perfectionné, particulièrement pour créer une énergie enutilisant un réfrigérant | |
| FR2506386A1 (fr) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-26 | Kalina Alexander | Procede et dispositif pour la production d'energie au moyen d'un fluide actif et regeneration du fluide actif apres utilisation |
| EP0112041A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-01 | 1984-06-27 | Gason Energy Engineering Ltd. | Méthode et appareil pour l'absorption d'un gaz dans un liquide et leur utilisation dans des cycles de conversion d'énergie |
| EP0181275A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-14 | EcoEnergy, Inc. | Cycle de génération d'énergie |
| EP0193184A1 (fr) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-09-03 | Alexander I. Kalina | Méthode et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un cycle thermodynamique comportant un refroidissement intermédiaire |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| IEEE SPECTRUM, vol. 23, no. 4, April 1986, pages 68-69, IEEE, New York, US; R.K. JURGEN: "The promise of the Kalina cycle" * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 8, no. 164 (M-313)[1601], 28th July 1984; & JP-A-59 58 105 (KOBE SEIKOSHO K.K.) 03-04-1984 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 8, no. 244 (M-337)[1681], 9th November 1984; & (DAIKIN KOGYO K.K.) 17-07-1984 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2249115C2 (ru) * | 2002-10-07 | 2005-03-27 | Иванников Николай Павлович | Регенеративная теплогидротурбинная установка |
| WO2007132183A3 (fr) * | 2006-05-11 | 2009-04-16 | Rm Energy As | Méthode et appareil |
| WO2008131810A3 (fr) * | 2007-04-26 | 2010-09-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Fluide de travail pour processus de circuit vapeur et procédé d'exploitation correspondant |
| US8468828B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2013-06-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Working fluid for a steam cycle process and method for the operation thereof |
| WO2010130981A3 (fr) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-04-25 | Naji Amin Atalla | Moteur thermique pour produire un travail mécanique et pompe à chaleur réfrigérante |
| CN101988397A (zh) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-03-23 | 王世英 | 一种低品位热流原动机、发电系统及其方法 |
| CN114111094A (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 一种利用机组抽汽与吸收式热泵的脱硫浆液余热回收装置 |
| CN114111094B (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-02-28 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 一种利用机组抽汽与吸收式热泵的脱硫浆液余热回收装置 |
| CN119508018A (zh) * | 2024-11-06 | 2025-02-25 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所 | 能量梯级利用的高效蒸汽动力循环系统 |
| CN119508018B (zh) * | 2024-11-06 | 2025-08-22 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所 | 能量梯级利用的高效蒸汽动力循环系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR890013315A (ko) | 1989-09-22 |
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