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EP0395840A1 - Exhaust gas purifying soot filter for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust gas purifying soot filter for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0395840A1
EP0395840A1 EP90102261A EP90102261A EP0395840A1 EP 0395840 A1 EP0395840 A1 EP 0395840A1 EP 90102261 A EP90102261 A EP 90102261A EP 90102261 A EP90102261 A EP 90102261A EP 0395840 A1 EP0395840 A1 EP 0395840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
soot
exhaust gas
combustion engine
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90102261A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0395840B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Erdmannsdörfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mann and Hummel GmbH
Original Assignee
Filterwerk Mann and Hummel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Filterwerk Mann and Hummel GmbH filed Critical Filterwerk Mann and Hummel GmbH
Priority to AT90102261T priority Critical patent/ATE81888T1/en
Publication of EP0395840A1 publication Critical patent/EP0395840A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0395840B1 publication Critical patent/EP0395840B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0212—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with one or more perforated tubes surrounded by filtering material, e.g. filter candles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a soot filter for cleaning the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such soot filters are known from DE-PS 30 07 642. A possibility for cleaning such filters by burning off the soot accumulated on the filter candles is not specified there.
  • the present invention is concerned with the last-mentioned type of cleaning of the filter cartridges by means of electrical energy and has set itself the task of improving the cleaning by saving energy with little design effort.
  • the clear distance of all adjacent filter cartridges from one another is 2 to 4% of the mean outer diameter of the filter cartridges and in each cavity formed from at least three filter cartridges an elongated interruption of the exhaust gas flow generated by the internal combustion engine being at a standstill or by separating filter cartridge groups switchable electric radiator is arranged.
  • the burning off of the deposited soot is advantageously supported in that a device for supplying a small amount of air into the inflow chamber is provided for burning off the soot when the exhaust gas flow is interrupted, which is 2 to 6%, preferably 4%, of the full-load exhaust gas amount.
  • the structure is simple in that the device consists of a blower.
  • the burning off of the soot also at the locations distant from the radiators is advantageously supported in that the ceramic yarn is coated with a catalytic material which promotes the oxidation of the deposited soot, for example copper oxide or iron oxide.
  • a soot filter 10 has a cylindrical filter housing 11 with a housing jacket 12, with a base 13 and with a cover 14.
  • a feed connector 15 for the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine opens into the base 13.
  • a discharge pipe 16 opens out, through which the cleaned exhaust gases are released.
  • a transverse wall 20 divides the interior of the filter housing 11 into an inflow chamber 21 and a clean gas collection chamber 22.
  • Filter candles 30 fixed on the transverse wall 20 consist of heat-resistant, wound in a coil-like manner into hollow cylinders Ceramic yarn with a roughened surface.
  • the filter candles 30 are combined in groups so that three (FIG. 2) or four (FIG. 3) or five (FIG. 4) come to rest with their axes on a circular ring 31, 32, 33. Otherwise, the filter candles 30 are each arranged parallel to one another and are closed by end disks 34 on the one end with which they protrude into the inflow chamber 21.
  • the filter candles 30 On the opposite end, which is fixed on the transverse wall 20, the filter candles 30 have clean gas outflow openings 35 which open into the clean gas collection chamber 22.
  • the filter cartridges 30 are arranged in such a way that the clear distance A of all adjacent filter cartridges from one another is 3% of the average filter cartridge outer diameter D.
  • an elongate electric heating element 37 is arranged in each cavity 36 formed from three filter candles 30.
  • the radiators 37 are fixed to a grating 39 and attached to the transverse wall 20 at the end facing the discharge nozzle 16.
  • An electrical line 40 leads to a control unit, not shown.
  • the cavity 42 is formed by four filter candles and in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 the cavity 43 is formed by five filter candles.
  • the spacing of the adjacent filter cartridges 30 from one another is 3% of the average filter cartridge outer diameter.
  • An elongated electric heating element 37 is also arranged in the cavities 42, 43.
  • a device 50 consisting of a fan is provided, which has a communication with the inflow chamber 21 via an inflow channel 51.
  • a shut-off valve 52 is arranged in the inflow channel 51 in order to be able to open or close the inflow channel.
  • the blower is designed such that it can supply an amount of air which is 4% of the full-load exhaust gas amount of the internal combustion engine when the shut-off valve 52 is open.
  • the ceramic yarn is covered with copper oxide.
  • the exhaust gases flow through the supply connection 15 into the inflow chamber 21 of the soot filter 10, cross the filter candles radially from the outside inwards and leave the soot filter 10 after flowing through the clean gas outflow openings 35 and the clean gas collection chamber 22 through the discharge connection 16.
  • the butterfly valve 52 is closed.
  • soot particles settle on their surface. If the deposited soot layer has reached a predetermined thickness and the flow resistance has thereby increased to a predetermined value, current is supplied to the radiators 37 when the internal combustion engine is stopped by a suitable control device through the electrical line 40.
  • the radiators 37 heat up and, via the air surrounding them, the soot filter layer on the filter candles 30, which have already been heated up by the previous operation of the internal combustion engine. Finally, the soot layer begins to burn off from the locations closest to the radiators 37.
  • the blower device 50 is switched on with the radiators 37, which is 4% of the full-load exhaust gas quantity of the internal combustion engine when it is open Butterfly valve 52 is conveyed as air through the inflow chamber 21 through the filter candles 30.
  • shutting down the internal combustion engine it can also be provided to separate groups of filter candles by means of appropriately arranged butterfly valves.
  • two of the soot filters 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be provided, one of which is separated from the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine via a valve device in order to burn off the soot that has been deposited.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Rußfilter hat Gruppen aus drei bis fünf auf einem Ring parallelachsig zueinander angeordneten, im Betrieb radial von außen nach innen durchströmten Filterkerzen aus hitzebeständigem, zu Hohlzylindern spulenartig aufgewickeltem Keramikgarn. Um ein elektrisches Abbrennen des abgelagerten Rußes mit verhältnismäßig geringem Energieaufwand zu ermöglichen, beträgt der lichte Abstand A aller benachbarter Filterkerzen 30 voneinander 2 - 4% des mittleren Filterkerzendurchmessers D. In jedem aus mindestens drei Filterkerzen 30 gebildeten Hohlraum 36 ist ein langgestreckter elektrischer Heizkörper 37 angeordnet, der bei durch Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine oder durch Abtrennen von Filterkerzengruppen erzeugte Unterbrechung des Abgasstromes eingeschaltet werden kann.A soot filter has groups of three to five filter cartridges arranged parallel to one another on a ring and flowing radially from the outside to the inside during operation. In order to enable the deposited soot to be burned off electrically with a relatively low expenditure of energy, the clear distance A of all adjacent filter candles 30 from one another is 2-4% of the average filter candle diameter D. An elongated electrical heating element 37 is arranged in each cavity 36 formed from at least three filter candles 30 , which can be switched on when the internal combustion engine has come to a standstill or by disconnecting filter candle groups, by switching off the exhaust gas flow.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Rußfilter zur Reinigung des Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a soot filter for cleaning the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Rußfilter sind aus der DE-PS 30 07 642 bekannt. Eine Möglichkeit zum Reinigen solcher Filter durch Abbrennen des auf den Filterkerzen angesammelten Rußes ist dort nicht angegeben.Such soot filters are known from DE-PS 30 07 642. A possibility for cleaning such filters by burning off the soot accumulated on the filter candles is not specified there.

Für das Abbrennen des Rußes auf den Filtereinsätzen von Rußfiltern wurden unterschiedliche Verfahren bekannt. Hierzu zählen das Beseitigen des Rußes durch Mikrowellen (DE-PS 30 24 539), durch Anordnung einer Zündvorrichtung und Zufuhr von Kraftstoff, wobei das Filter unterteilt sein kann und abwechselnd gereinigt wird (DE-OS 37 25 587), durch Aufbringen von Zündhilfsstoffen auf dem abgesetzten Ruß, um dessen Zündtemperatur zu verringern (DE-PS 31 11 228) und durch Aufheizen mittels elektrischer Energie (DE-OS 37 12 333).Different methods have been known for burning off the soot on the filter inserts of soot filters. These include the removal of soot by microwaves (DE-PS 30 24 539), by arranging an ignition device and supplying fuel, the filter can be divided and cleaned alternately (DE-OS 37 25 587) by applying ignition aids the deposited soot, for the Reduce ignition temperature (DE-PS 31 11 228) and by heating with electrical energy (DE-OS 37 12 333).

Die vorliegende Erfindung befaßt sich mit der zuletzt genannten Art der Abreinigung der Filterkerzen mittels elektrischer Energie und hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, die Abreinigung durch Einsparen von Energie bei geringem konstruktiven Aufwand zu verbessern.The present invention is concerned with the last-mentioned type of cleaning of the filter cartridges by means of electrical energy and has set itself the task of improving the cleaning by saving energy with little design effort.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß der lichte Abstand aller benachbarten Filterkerzen voneinander 2 bis 4 % des mittleren Filterkerzenaußendurchmessers beträgt und in jedem aus mindestens drei Filterkerzen gebildeten Hohlraum ein langgestreckter, bei durch Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine oder durch Abtrennen von Filterkerzengruppen erzeugter Unterbrechung des Abgasstromes einschaltbarer elektrischer Heizkörper angeordnet ist.To solve the problem it is proposed according to the invention that the clear distance of all adjacent filter cartridges from one another is 2 to 4% of the mean outer diameter of the filter cartridges and in each cavity formed from at least three filter cartridges an elongated interruption of the exhaust gas flow generated by the internal combustion engine being at a standstill or by separating filter cartridge groups switchable electric radiator is arranged.

Bei einer derartigen Anordnung der Filterkerzen mit verhältnismäßig geringem gegenseitigen Abstand und den in den Hohlräumen angeordneten Heizkörpern ergibt sich eine gute Wärmeisolation durch die den Heizkörper umgebenden Filterkerzen selbst. Ist erst einmal das Abbrennen des abgesetzten Rußes bei Unterbrechung des Abgasstromes durch die elektrischen Heizkörper in deren Nähe in Gang gesetzt, so brennt der Ruß von selbst auch an den übrigen Filterkerzenoberflächen weiter.With such an arrangement of the filter candles with a relatively small mutual distance and the radiators arranged in the cavities, good heat insulation results from the filter candles surrounding the radiator itself set in motion, the soot will continue to burn on the other filter candle surfaces.

Vorteilhaft wird das Abbrennen des abgesetzten Rußes dadurch unterstützt, daß eine Einrichtung zum Zuführen einer geringen Luftmenge in die Zuströmkammer für das Abbrennen des Rußes bei unterbrochenem Abgasstrom vorgesehen ist, die 2 bis 6 %, vorzugsweise 4 % der Vollastabgasmenge beträgt.The burning off of the deposited soot is advantageously supported in that a device for supplying a small amount of air into the inflow chamber is provided for burning off the soot when the exhaust gas flow is interrupted, which is 2 to 6%, preferably 4%, of the full-load exhaust gas amount.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag ergibt sich ein einfacher Aufbau dadurch, daß die Einrichtung aus einem Gebläse besteht.According to a further proposal, the structure is simple in that the device consists of a blower.

Das Abbrennen des Rußes auch an den den Heizkörpern entfernten Stellen wird vorteilhaft dadurch unterstützt, daß das Keramikgarn mit einem das Oxydieren des abgesetzten Rußes fördernden katalytischen Material, beispielsweise mit Kupferoxyd oder Eisenoxyd überzogen ist.The burning off of the soot also at the locations distant from the radiators is advantageously supported in that the ceramic yarn is coated with a catalytic material which promotes the oxidation of the deposited soot, for example copper oxide or iron oxide.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Rußfilter der Erfindung
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie 2 - 2 der Figur 1
  • Figur 3 eine andere Anordnung der Filterkerzen und
  • Figur 4 eine weitere geänderte Anordnung der Filterkerzen.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a soot filter of the invention
  • 2 shows a section along line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1
  • Figure 3 shows another arrangement of the filter cartridges and
  • Figure 4 shows another modified arrangement of the filter cartridges.

Ein Rußfilter 10 hat ein zylindrisches Filtergehäuse 11 mit einem Gehäusemantel 12, mit einem Boden 13 und mit einem Deckel 14. In den Boden 13 mündet ein Zuführstutzen 15 für die Abgase der Brennkraftmaschine ein. Aus dem Deckel 14 mündet ein Abführstutzen 16 aus, durch den die gereinigten Abgase ins Freie gelangen. Eine Querwand 20 unterteilt das Innere des Filtergehäuses 11 in eine Zuströmkammer 21 und eine Reingassammelkammer 22.A soot filter 10 has a cylindrical filter housing 11 with a housing jacket 12, with a base 13 and with a cover 14. A feed connector 15 for the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine opens into the base 13. From the cover 14 a discharge pipe 16 opens out, through which the cleaned exhaust gases are released. A transverse wall 20 divides the interior of the filter housing 11 into an inflow chamber 21 and a clean gas collection chamber 22.

An der Querwand 20 festgelegte Filterkerzen 30 bestehen aus hitzebeständigem, zu Hohlzylindern spulenartig aufgewickeltem Keramikgarn, dessen Oberfläche aufgerauht ist. Die Filterkerzen 30 sind so zu Gruppen zusammengefaßt, daß jeweils drei (Figur 2) oder vier (Figur 3) oder fünf (Figur 4) mit ihren Achsen auf einem Kreisring 31, 32, 33 zu liegen kommen. Im übrigen sind die Filterkerzen 30 jeweils parallelachsig zueinander angeordnet und an der einen Stirnseite, mit der sie in die Zuströmkammer 21 hineinragen, durch Endscheiben 34 geschlossen. An der gegenüberliegenden, an der Querwand 20 festgelegten Stirnseite weisen die Filterkerzen 30 Reingasausströmöffnungen 35 auf, die in die Reingassammelkammer 22 einmünden.Filter candles 30 fixed on the transverse wall 20 consist of heat-resistant, wound in a coil-like manner into hollow cylinders Ceramic yarn with a roughened surface. The filter candles 30 are combined in groups so that three (FIG. 2) or four (FIG. 3) or five (FIG. 4) come to rest with their axes on a circular ring 31, 32, 33. Otherwise, the filter candles 30 are each arranged parallel to one another and are closed by end disks 34 on the one end with which they protrude into the inflow chamber 21. On the opposite end, which is fixed on the transverse wall 20, the filter candles 30 have clean gas outflow openings 35 which open into the clean gas collection chamber 22.

Die Filterkerzen 30 sind so zueinander angeordnet, daß der lichte Abstand A aller benachbarten Filterkerzen voneinander 3% des mittleren Filterkerzenaußendurchmessers D beträgt.The filter cartridges 30 are arranged in such a way that the clear distance A of all adjacent filter cartridges from one another is 3% of the average filter cartridge outer diameter D.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 und 2 ist in jedem aus drei Filterkerzen 30 gebildeten Hohlraum 36 ein langgestreckter elektrischer Heizkörper 37 angeordnet. An dem dem Zuführstutzen 15 zugewandten Ende sind die Heizkörper 37 an einem Gitter 39 festgelegt und an dem dem Abführstutzen 16 zugewandten Ende an der Querwand 20 befestigt. Eine elektrische Leitung 40 führt zu einem nicht dargestellten Steuergerät.In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, an elongate electric heating element 37 is arranged in each cavity 36 formed from three filter candles 30. At the end facing the supply nozzle 15, the radiators 37 are fixed to a grating 39 and attached to the transverse wall 20 at the end facing the discharge nozzle 16. An electrical line 40 leads to a control unit, not shown.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 3 wird der Hohlraum 42 durch vier Filterkerzen und bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 4 der Hohlraum 43 durch fünf Filterkerzen gebildet. Wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 und 2 beträgt der Abstand der benachbarten Filterkerzen 30 voneinander 3% des mittleren Filterkerzenaußendurchmessers. In den Hohlräumen 42, 43 ist ebenfalls ein langgestreckter elektrischer Heizkörper 37 angeordnet.In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the cavity 42 is formed by four filter candles and in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 the cavity 43 is formed by five filter candles. As in the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spacing of the adjacent filter cartridges 30 from one another is 3% of the average filter cartridge outer diameter. An elongated electric heating element 37 is also arranged in the cavities 42, 43.

Wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich, ist eine aus einem Gebläse bestehende Einrichtung 50 vorgesehen, die über einen Zuströmkanal 51 kommunizierende Verbindung mit der Zuströmkammer 21 hat. In dem Zuströmkanal 51 ist eine Absperrklappe 52 angeordnet, um den Zuströmkanal öffnen oder schließen zu können. Das Gebläse ist so ausgelegt, daß es bei geöffneter Absperrklappe 52 eine Luftmenge zuführen kann, die 4% der Vollastabgasmenge der Brennkraftmaschine beträgt.As can be seen from FIG. 1, a device 50 consisting of a fan is provided, which has a communication with the inflow chamber 21 via an inflow channel 51. A shut-off valve 52 is arranged in the inflow channel 51 in order to be able to open or close the inflow channel. The blower is designed such that it can supply an amount of air which is 4% of the full-load exhaust gas amount of the internal combustion engine when the shut-off valve 52 is open.

Um das Oxydieren des abgesetzten Rußes zu fördern, ist das Keramikgarn mit Kupferoxyd überzogen.In order to promote the oxidation of the soot deposited, the ceramic yarn is covered with copper oxide.

Beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine strömen die Abgase durch den Zuführstutzen 15 in die Zuströmkammer 21 des Rußfilters 10, durchqueren die Filterkerzen radial von außen nach innen und verlassen das Rußfilter 10 nach Durchströmen der Reingasausströmöffnungen 35 und der Reingassammelkammer 22 durch den Abführstutzen 16. Die Absperrklappe 52 ist geschlossen. Beim Durchqueren der Filterkerzen 30 setzen sich auf deren Oberfläche Rußpartikel ab. Hat die abgesetzte Rußschicht eine vorgegebene Dicke erreicht und ist dadurch der Durchflußwiderstand auf einen vorgegebenen Wert angewachsen, so wird durch ein geeignetes Steuergerät Strom durch die elektrische Leitung 40 den Heizkörpern 37 bei Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt. Die Heizkörper 37 erwärmen sich und über die sie umgebende Luft auch die Rußfilterschicht auf den Filterkerzen 30, die vom vorausgegangenen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine bereits aufgeheizt sind. Schließlich beginnt die Rußschicht von ihren den Heizkörpern 37 am nächsten gelegenen Stellen aus abzubrennen. Um diesen Vorgang zu unterstützen, wird mit den Heizkörpern 37 die Gebläseeinrichtung 50 eingeschaltet, die 4% der Vollastabgasmenge der Brennkraftmaschine bei geöffneter Absperrklappe 52 als Luft über die Zuströmkammer 21 durch die Filterkerzen 30 befördert.When the internal combustion engine is operating, the exhaust gases flow through the supply connection 15 into the inflow chamber 21 of the soot filter 10, cross the filter candles radially from the outside inwards and leave the soot filter 10 after flowing through the clean gas outflow openings 35 and the clean gas collection chamber 22 through the discharge connection 16. The butterfly valve 52 is closed. When passing through the filter candles 30, soot particles settle on their surface. If the deposited soot layer has reached a predetermined thickness and the flow resistance has thereby increased to a predetermined value, current is supplied to the radiators 37 when the internal combustion engine is stopped by a suitable control device through the electrical line 40. The radiators 37 heat up and, via the air surrounding them, the soot filter layer on the filter candles 30, which have already been heated up by the previous operation of the internal combustion engine. Finally, the soot layer begins to burn off from the locations closest to the radiators 37. In order to support this process, the blower device 50 is switched on with the radiators 37, which is 4% of the full-load exhaust gas quantity of the internal combustion engine when it is open Butterfly valve 52 is conveyed as air through the inflow chamber 21 through the filter candles 30.

Anstelle die Brennkraftmaschine stillzusetzen, kann auch vorgesehen sein, Filterkerzengruppen über entsprechend angeordnete Absperrklappen abzutrennen. So können beispielsweise zwei der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Rußfilter 10 vorgesehen sein, von denen jeweils einer zum Abbrennen des abgesetzten Rußes über eine Ventileinrichtung von dem Abgasstrom der Brennkraftmaschine abgetrennt wird.Instead of shutting down the internal combustion engine, it can also be provided to separate groups of filter candles by means of appropriately arranged butterfly valves. For example, two of the soot filters 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be provided, one of which is separated from the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine via a valve device in order to burn off the soot that has been deposited.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 10 Rußfilter10 soot filters
  • 11 Filtergehäuse11 filter housing
  • 12 Gehäusemantel12 housing jacket
  • 13 Boden13 floor
  • 14 Deckel14 lid
  • 15 Zuführstutzen15 feed nozzles
  • 16 Abführstutzen16 discharge pipe
  • 20 Querwand20 transverse wall
  • 21 Zuströmkammer21 inflow chamber
  • 22 Reingassammelkammer22 Clean gas collection chamber
  • 30 Filterkerze30 filter candle
  • 31 Kreisring31 circular ring
  • 32 Kreisring32 annulus
  • 33 Kreisring33 annulus
  • 34 Endscheibe34 end plate
  • 35 Reingasausströmöffnung35 clean gas outflow opening
  • 36 Hohlraum36 cavity
  • 37 Heizkörper37 radiators
  • 39 Gitter39 grids
  • 40 Elektrische Leitung40 Electrical line
  • 42 Hohlraum42 cavity
  • 43 Hohlraum43 cavity
  • 50 Gebläse-Einrichtung50 blower device
  • 51 Zuströmkanal51 inflow channel
  • 52 Absperrklappe52 butterfly valve

Claims (4)

1. Rußfilter zur Reinigung des Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Gruppen aus drei bis fünf auf einem Ring parallelachsig zueinander angeordneten, an der einen Stirnseite geschlossenen und an der anderen Stirnseite mit einer Reingasausströmöffnung versehenen, im Betrieb radial von außen nach innen durchströmten Filterkerzen aus hitzebeständigem, zu Hohlzylindern spulenartig aufgewickeltem Keramikgarn und mit einem Filtergehäuse, das an den geschlossenen Stirnseiten der Filterkerzen mindestens eine Zuströmkammer und an den anderen Stirnseiten mindestens eine Reingassammelkammer aufweist, in die die Reingasausströmöffnungen einmünden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der lichte Abstand (A) aller benachbarten Filterkerzen (30) voneinander 2 bis 4 % des mittleren Filterkerzenaußendurchmessers (D) beträgt und in jedem aus mindestens drei Filterkerzen (30) gebildeten Hohlraum (36; 42; 43) ein langgestreckter, bei durch Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine oder durch Abtrennen von Filterkerzengruppen erzeugter Unterbrechung des Abgasstromes einschaltbarer elektrischer Heizkörper (37) angeordnet ist.1.Soot filter for cleaning the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine with groups of three to five arranged parallel to each other on a ring on one end, closed on one end face and provided on the other end face with a clean gas outflow opening, flowed radially from the outside inward during operation, made of heat-resistant Hollow cylinders of ceramic yarn wound up in a bobbin-like manner and with a filter housing which has at least one inflow chamber on the closed end faces of the filter candles and at least one clean gas collecting chamber on the other end faces, into which the clean gas outflow openings open, characterized in that the clear distance (A) of all adjacent filter candles (30 ) from each other is 2 to 4% of the mean outer diameter of the filter candle (D) and in each cavity (36; 42; 43) formed from at least three filter candles (30) is an elongated one, when the internal combustion engine has come to a standstill or has been cut off n filter candle groups generated interruption of the exhaust gas flow switchable electric heater (37) is arranged. 2. Rußfilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einrichtung (50) zum Zuführen einer geringen Luftmenge in die Zuströmkammer (21) für das Abbrennen des Rußes bei unterbrochenem Abgasstrom vorgesehen ist, die 2 bis 6 %, vorzugsweise 4 % der Vollastabgasmenge beträgt.2. Soot filter according to claim 1, characterized in that a device (50) for supplying a small amount of air into the inflow chamber (21) for burning off the soot with an interrupted exhaust gas flow is provided, which is 2 to 6%, preferably 4% of the full-load exhaust gas amount . 3. Rußfilter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (50) aus einem Gebläse besteht.3. soot filter according to claim 2, characterized in that the device (50) consists of a blower. 4. Rußfilter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Keramikgarn mit einem das Oxydieren des abgesetzten Rußes fördernden katalytischen Material, beispielsweise mit Kupferoxyd oder Eisenoxyd überzogen ist.4. Soot filter according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ceramic yarn is coated with a catalytic material which promotes the oxidation of the deposited soot, for example with copper oxide or iron oxide.
EP90102261A 1989-05-05 1990-02-06 Exhaust gas purifying soot filter for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0395840B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90102261T ATE81888T1 (en) 1989-05-05 1990-02-06 SOOT FILTER FOR CLEANING THE EXHAUST STREAM OF AN INTERNAL ENGINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3914758 1989-05-05
DE3914758A DE3914758A1 (en) 1989-05-05 1989-05-05 Soot filter for cleaning the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0395840A1 true EP0395840A1 (en) 1990-11-07
EP0395840B1 EP0395840B1 (en) 1992-10-28

Family

ID=6380097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102261A Expired - Lifetime EP0395840B1 (en) 1989-05-05 1990-02-06 Exhaust gas purifying soot filter for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5042249A (en)
EP (1) EP0395840B1 (en)
AR (1) AR243644A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE81888T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9001965A (en)
DE (2) DE3914758A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2035659T3 (en)

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WO1993000503A3 (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-03-04 Donaldson Co Inc Trap apparatus with tubular filter element
FR2688028A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-03 Daimler Benz Ag SUIE PARTICLE FILTER FOR EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION OF DIESEL ENGINES.
WO1994016204A1 (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Diesel engine exhaust regenerable filter system
EP0616833A1 (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-28 ERNST APPARATEBAU GmbH & Co. Soot filter for diesel engines
CN115341977A (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-11-15 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 Exhaust gas cleaning system and method for cleaning exhaust gas and use of an exhaust gas cleaning system

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US5258164A (en) * 1991-04-05 1993-11-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrically regenerable diesel particulate trap
US5248482A (en) * 1991-04-05 1993-09-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diesel particulate trap of perforated tubes wrapped with cross-wound inorganic yarn to form four-sided filter traps
US5174969A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-12-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Roll-pack diesel particulate filter
JP3000750B2 (en) * 1991-09-20 2000-01-17 株式会社デンソー Self-heating filter
DE4137771A1 (en) * 1991-11-16 1993-05-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Electrically regenerable particle filter assembly - for diesel engine exhausts
DE4138306A1 (en) * 1991-11-21 1993-05-27 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Diesel engine exhaust filter - has nozzle system for directing regeneration gas onto filter body
DE4200100A1 (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-08 Ernst Apparatebau Gmbh & Co SOOT FILTER FOR DIESEL ENGINES
US6685887B1 (en) * 1992-04-13 2004-02-03 Conrad Oliver Gardner System for ambient air pollution processing by motor vehicles
US5224973A (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-07-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filter cartridge for trap apparatus
US5248481A (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-09-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diesel particulate trap of perforated tubes having laterally offset cross-wound wraps of inorganic yarn
US5409669A (en) * 1993-01-25 1995-04-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrically regenerable diesel particulate filter cartridge and filter
US5408827A (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-25 Outboard Marine Corporation Marine propulsion device with improved catalyst support arrangement
GB9325492D0 (en) * 1993-12-14 1994-02-16 Engelhard Corp Improved particulate filter,and system and method for cleaning same
EP0754267B1 (en) * 1994-04-06 1998-07-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrically regenerable diesel particulate filter cartridge and filter
JPH0814033A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-01-16 Caterpillar Inc Module catalytic converter for internal combustion engine and muffler
US5547641A (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-08-20 Caterpillar Inc. Catalytic converter exhaust section for an internal combustion engine
KR19990022820A (en) * 1995-06-09 1999-03-25 스프레이그 로버트 월터 Air bag filter assembly and its assembly method
DE19524399C2 (en) * 1995-07-04 2000-01-13 Karlsruhe Forschzent Process for the regeneration of electrically conductive filter materials loaded with combustible substances by combustion and filter candle for carrying out the regeneration process
JP3355943B2 (en) * 1996-07-18 2002-12-09 松下電器産業株式会社 Exhaust gas purification method and exhaust gas filter and exhaust gas filter purification device using the same
US6224834B1 (en) 1998-04-16 2001-05-01 International Business Machines Corporation Silane oxidation exhaust trap
DE19933442B4 (en) * 1999-07-16 2009-03-19 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Particle filter with a filter medium and a catalyst
US7052532B1 (en) * 2000-03-09 2006-05-30 3M Innovative Properties Company High temperature nanofilter, system and method
US6582490B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2003-06-24 Fleetguard, Inc. Pre-form for exhaust aftertreatment control filter
US6444006B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2002-09-03 Fleetguard, Inc. High temperature composite ceramic filter
US6946012B1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2005-09-20 Fleetguard, Inc. Filter and forming system
ES2250433T3 (en) * 2000-07-24 2006-04-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL DEVICE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.
DE10062270A1 (en) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Particle filter regeneration process
FR2835565B1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2004-10-22 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches METHOD FOR MANAGING MEANS FOR CLEANING A PARTICLE FILTER
DE10210881A1 (en) * 2002-03-12 2003-09-25 Opel Adam Ag Method for operating a diesel particle filter and device for carrying out the method
JP2003293729A (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-15 Purearth Inc Carbon particle reducing device
JP2005180262A (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-07-07 Tetsuo Toyoda Particulate matter reducing device
US8117832B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2012-02-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Exhaust treatment device with electric regeneration system
US20080236118A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Meyer Robert L Exhaust particulate filter for a machine engine system and assembly method therefor
US7981174B2 (en) * 2007-11-26 2011-07-19 Caterpillar Inc. Electrically regenerated exhaust particulate filter for an engine system and operating strategy therefor
US20090188389A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-07-30 Caterpillar Inc. Particulate filter for an exhaust aftertreatment system of a machine and filtering method thereof
US8844270B2 (en) * 2009-01-16 2014-09-30 Donaldson Company, Inc. Diesel particulate filter regeneration system including shore station
DE102010063690A1 (en) 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh filter element
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CN113236401A (en) * 2021-06-01 2021-08-10 徐州天裕燃气发电有限公司 Purification and smoke exhaust device for gas engine

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DE3007642A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-10 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Soot filter in the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine
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EP0244061A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-11-04 Porous Element Technology Limited Apparatus for the removal of particulate material from a gas
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993000503A3 (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-03-04 Donaldson Co Inc Trap apparatus with tubular filter element
US5293742A (en) * 1991-06-27 1994-03-15 Donaldson Company, Inc. Trap apparatus with tubular filter element
FR2688028A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-03 Daimler Benz Ag SUIE PARTICLE FILTER FOR EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION OF DIESEL ENGINES.
WO1994016204A1 (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Diesel engine exhaust regenerable filter system
EP0616833A1 (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-28 ERNST APPARATEBAU GmbH & Co. Soot filter for diesel engines
CN115341977A (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-11-15 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 Exhaust gas cleaning system and method for cleaning exhaust gas and use of an exhaust gas cleaning system
EP4089266A1 (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-11-16 Alfa Laval Corporate AB Exhaust gas cleaning system and method for cleaning exhaust gas and use of exhaust gas cleaning system
CN115341977B (en) * 2021-05-12 2023-12-26 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 Exhaust gas cleaning system and method for cleaning exhaust gas and use of an exhaust gas cleaning system
US12234756B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2025-02-25 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Exhaust gas cleaning system and method for cleaning exhaust gas and use of exhaust gas cleaning system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3914758A1 (en) 1990-11-08
ATE81888T1 (en) 1992-11-15
BR9001965A (en) 1991-07-30
AR243644A1 (en) 1993-08-31
DE59000392D1 (en) 1992-12-03
ES2035659T3 (en) 1993-04-16
US5042249A (en) 1991-08-27
EP0395840B1 (en) 1992-10-28
DE3914758C2 (en) 1991-09-12

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