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EP0393970B2 - Refroidissement de parties chaudes - Google Patents

Refroidissement de parties chaudes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0393970B2
EP0393970B2 EP90304081A EP90304081A EP0393970B2 EP 0393970 B2 EP0393970 B2 EP 0393970B2 EP 90304081 A EP90304081 A EP 90304081A EP 90304081 A EP90304081 A EP 90304081A EP 0393970 B2 EP0393970 B2 EP 0393970B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
cooled
liquid coolant
metal body
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90304081A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0393970A3 (en
EP0393970A2 (fr
EP0393970B1 (fr
Inventor
William Barry Featherstone
Derek Macauley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kvaerner Engineering and Construction UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Davy Mckee Stockton Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10655396&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0393970(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Davy Mckee Stockton Ltd filed Critical Davy Mckee Stockton Ltd
Publication of EP0393970A2 publication Critical patent/EP0393970A2/fr
Publication of EP0393970A3 publication Critical patent/EP0393970A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0393970B1 publication Critical patent/EP0393970B1/fr
Publication of EP0393970B2 publication Critical patent/EP0393970B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids or removable covers
    • F27D1/1808—Removable covers
    • F27D1/1816—Removable covers specially adapted for arc furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein

Definitions

  • the shell of a basic oxygen furnace has a slag shedder plate spaced apart from the shell adjacent the mouth of the furnace. Nozzles are located in the space between the shell and the shedder plate and sprays of atomised liquid coolant from the nozzles are directed in normal and overlapping relation onto the surface of the shell.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is atomised by a gaseous medium and is discharged in overlapping sprays in the space between the two surfaces so that the entire surface to be cooled receives droplets of atomised coolant liquid, the volume of liquid coolant applied in a given time period being controlled so that it does not exceed the volume of liquid coolant which is vaporised by contact with the surface of the hot body in the given time period, characterised in that the liquid coolant sprays are substantially flat and are directed in the space in directions substantially parallel with the surfaces.
  • the liquid coolant is conveniently water and, since the water is applied in the form of fine droplets on to the outer surface of the body to be cooled, cooling by vaporisation takes place. In this way, advantage can be taken of the fact that a much greater quantity of heat can be removed by each unit mass of water employed when it is vaporised than when it remains liquid. As the water is applied at a rate not exceeding the rate at which the water is vaporised by contact with the surface, there is no water remaining to run off the surface being cooled into possible contact with the molten metal contained within the vessel.
  • the features of spraying the liquid coolant in flat sprays and in directions substantially parallel with the surface to be cooled means that the water droplets spread over a greater area and uniform cooling of the part of the container can be achieved and only a very few spray nozzles are required in order to bring about the desired cooling as compared with a much greater number of nozzles which are required when the liquid coolant is sprayed substantially at right angles on to the surface to be cooled from nozzles close to the surface.
  • a plurality of nozzles arranged to receive a gaseous medium and a liquid coolant and to discharge the liquid coolant in the form of atomised overlapping sprays of coolant in the space between the two surfaces, so that the entire surface to be cooled receives droplets of atomised coolant liquid, characterised in that the nozzles are arranged to discharge the sprays, which are substantially flat, in directions substantially parallel with the surfaces.
  • the amount of liquid coolant applied to the surface of the part of the vessel to be cooled is preferably controlled by means which determines the temperature of the outer surface of the part to be cooled and valve means for controlling the supply of liquid coolant in response to the determined temperature such that the droplets which are applied over a time period on to the surface do not exceed the droplets which are vaporised by contact with the surface during that time period.
  • the surface of the body to be cooled is conveniently the roof of the relevant vessel, which further may comprise, e.g. a ladle furnace or an electric arc furnace. In the case of the barrel and trunnion ring of a basic oxygen furnace, both surfaces are cooled.
  • the roof 1 of a ladle furnace is of annular form and consists of a metal plate 2 having a central opening 3 and a lining 4 of refractory material attached to the underside of the metal plate.
  • the plate is inclined upwardly from its outer edge towards the central opening 3.
  • Electrodes 5 are raised and lowered and enter into the ladle furnace through the opening 3.
  • the exterior roof surface becomes very hot and its temperature has to be reduced by applying liquid coolant to it.
  • an additional body 6 in the form of an annular plate is mounted above the said roof surface and a space 7 is formed between the outer surface of the plate 2 and the inner surface of the body 6.
  • These surfaces are arranged to be substantially parallel but the orientation thereof may be varied, in the event that a physical obstruction is present.
  • support struts 8 provided at the outer edge of the roof surface and around the opening 3, the sides of the space 7 are open to atmosphere.
  • a plurality of spray nozzles 9 are located inside the space 7 adjacent to the outer edge of the roof surface.
  • These spray nozzles are supplied with liquid coolant, usually water, from a ring main 9A and also with air under pressure from a pipe 9B and, in use, they provide a wide-angled flat spray of water droplets, indicated by broken lines 10 in Figure 1.
  • liquid coolant usually water
  • the spray nozzles could be operated by high pressure means to discharge atomised sprays.
  • each spray is substantially parallel to the surfaces 2 and 6 and is directed towards the opening 3 but is not radial to the opening 3.
  • the sprays are arranged so that the boundary of one spray overlaps with the boundary of the adjacent sprays so that substantially the entire surface 2 receives droplets of atomised coolant liquid issuing from the nozzles 9.
  • the wide-angled flat sprays are used to cover a large surface area and the nozzles are arranged to cause the water droplets to initially travel essentially parallel to the surface in a swirling action. This is achieved for a wide range of water flow rates by the use of the atomising air.
  • the action of the sprays draws in additional air through the open parts of the outer edge between the exterior roof surface and the body 6 and the free access of air ensures a good flow of the droplets across the surface 2 and improves the range of the sprays and the heat transfer coefficient between the coolant and the surface to be cooled.
  • the entrained air and vapour resulting from evaporation of the coolant leaves the space between the open upper edge 8B of the space.
  • the area covered by the water from each nozzle is very large and, if the nozzles were directed at right angles to the surface 2, the area covered by each nozzle would be very considerably reduced and ten to twenty five times as many nozzles would be required for the same cooling capacity.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the nose cone of a basic oxygen furnace.
  • the cone consists of a steel shell 12 having an internal lining 14 formed from blocks of refractory material.
  • the conical nose section of the shell is surrounded by a slag shedder plate 17 which protects the conical section of the shell from slag and molten metal spilled from the mouth of the vessel and the shedder plates 17 are, in fact, substantially parallel to the outer surface of the shell 12.
  • the shedder plates are held in position by struts 18 and the space 19 between the plates 12 and 17 is open at its lower and upper ends.
  • a plurality of headers 20 are arranged radially on the nose cone 12 in the space 19 and the headers are connected to a water main 21 and an air main 21A.
  • a plurality of nozzles 22 are provided on each header.
  • the spray nozzles are provided with liquid coolant and air under pressure and are arranged to produce a wide-angled spray of atomised droplets, which may initially be generally flat, and the sprays are arranged to extend substantially parallel to the outer surface of the plate 12 and the inner surface of the shedder plate 17.
  • the rate at which the droplets are applied to the surface is controlled such that the coolant is vaporised by contact with the hot surface and the surface is not cooled to such an extent that water runs off the surface.
  • the boundaries of the sprays are overlapped and the air is used to atomise the water issuing from the sprays so that a mist is caused to move with a swirling action around the space 19.
  • the swirling action also has a component in the direction towards the upper end of the plate 12 whereby that swirling vortex moves across the face of the entire plate 12 to its upper edge where the vapour generated as a result of the cooling of the surface leaves the space, along with the entrained air drawn in through the bottom, out through the space at the upper end of the shedder plate.
  • control means are provided for determining the temperature of the surface to be cooled and for controlling the flow of water from the nozzles such that adequate cooling is provided but that all the cooling water is vaporised and no water runs off the surface.
  • the purpose of the liquid coolant is to cool the hot body but, of course, some of the coolant will contact the additional body and provide a degree of cooling. This is particularly advantageous when the additional body has to be cooled to prevent it from distorting, such as is the case with the slag shedder system on a basic oxygen furnace, or when cooling the barrel of a basic oxygen furnace and the additional body is the trunnion ring which forms part of the furnace suspension system.
  • the system is basically fail-safe in that the headers and pipes leading to the nozzles are openended. Thus, in the event of water supply failure, pipework damage, due to rapid expansion experienced during evaporation of the water inside the pipes, etc., is avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de refroidissement d'un corps métallique chaud (2, 12) faisant partie intégrante d'une cuve contenant du métal fondu dans lequel un corps métallique supplémentaire (6, 17) est agencé avec une de ses surfaces sensiblement parallèle à, et espacée d'une surface extérieure du corps métallique chaud (2, 12) qui doit être refroidi pour former un espace (7, 19) ouvert à l'air libre, une certaine quantité de liquide de refroidissement est atomisée avec un milieu gazeux et est déchargée en pulvérisations (10) qui se chevauchent dans l'espace entre les deux surfaces de telle sorte que toute la surface à refroidir reçoit des gouttelettes de liquide de refroidissement atomisé, le volume de liquide de refroidissement appliqué pendant une période donnée étant contrôlé de manière à ne pas dépasser le volume de liquide de refroidissement qui est vaporisé par contact avec la surface du corps chaud pendant la période donnée, caractérisé en ce que les pulvérisations de liquide de refroidissement (10) sont sensiblement plates et sont dirigées dans l'espace dans des directions sensiblement parallèles aux surfaces.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface du corps à refroidir est surveillée pour déterminer sa température et le liquide de refroidissement est appliqué à un débit contrôlé déterminé par la température surveillée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le liquide de refroidissement est de l'eau et le milieu gazeux est de l'air sous pression.
  4. Cuve destinée à contenir du métal fondu ayant un corps métallique (2, 12) qui fait partie intégrante de la cuve et qui, en service, doit être refroidi avec le liquide de refroidissement, ledit corps métallique ayant un corps métallique supplémentaire (6, 17) agencé avec une de ses surfaces sensiblement parallèle à, et espacée d'une surface extérieure du corps métallique à refroidir pour former un espace (7, 19) ouvert à l'air libre, une pluralité de buses (9, 22) agencée pour recevoir un milieu gazeux et un liquide de refroidissement et pour décharger le liquide de refroidissement sous la forme de pulvérisations atomisées (10) qui se chevauchent dans l'espace entre les deux surfaces, de telle sorte que toute la surface à refroidir reçoit des gouttelettes de liquide de refroidissement atomisé, caractérisé en ce que les buses (9, 22) sont agencées pour décharger les pulvérisations, qui sont sensiblement plates, dans des directions sensiblement parallèles aux surfaces.
  5. Cuve selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on fournit des moyens pour surveiller la surface du corps à refroidir afin de déterminer sa température et des moyens pour contrôler la décharge de liquide de refroidissement à un débit déterminé par la température surveillée de telle sorte que le volume de liquide de refroidissement appliqué pendant une période donnée ne dépasse pas le volume de liquide de refroidissement qui est vaporisé par contact avec la surface à refroidir pendant la période donnée.
  6. Cuve selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la cuve est un four Martin classique.
  7. Cuve selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le corps métallique à refroidir est une section de cône de nez de la coque de la cuve et le corps métallique supplémentaire est le système de revêtisseur.
  8. Cuve selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le corps métallique à refroidir fait partie intégrante du cylindre de la cuve et le corps métallique supplémentaire est un anneau de tourillon.
  9. Cuve selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la cuve est un four à arc électrique ou un four à arcplasma.
  10. Cuve selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la cuve est un four de poche de coulée.
EP90304081A 1989-04-20 1990-04-17 Refroidissement de parties chaudes Expired - Lifetime EP0393970B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898908997A GB8908997D0 (en) 1989-04-20 1989-04-20 Vessels for containing molten metal
GB8908997 1989-04-20

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0393970A2 EP0393970A2 (fr) 1990-10-24
EP0393970A3 EP0393970A3 (en) 1990-12-19
EP0393970B1 EP0393970B1 (fr) 1994-07-06
EP0393970B2 true EP0393970B2 (fr) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=10655396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90304081A Expired - Lifetime EP0393970B2 (fr) 1989-04-20 1990-04-17 Refroidissement de parties chaudes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0393970B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE108269T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69010380T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2058792T5 (fr)
GB (1) GB8908997D0 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202300023610A1 (it) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-09 Danieli Off Mecc Apparato di raffreddamento per un forno metallurgico e relativo forno

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATA147194A (de) * 1994-07-25 1997-11-15 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum kühlen einer heissen oberfläche sowie einrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens
US5631919A (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-20 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Apparatus for lengthwise graphitization (LWG) of carbon electrode bodies
DE19842715A1 (de) * 1997-10-28 1999-04-29 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Oberfläche eines metallurgischen Gefäßes
EP0987494A1 (fr) 1998-09-15 2000-03-22 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour le refroidissement d'une grille d'un foyer et grille d'un foyer
CN117490409B (zh) * 2023-12-29 2024-03-22 河南梦瑶科技有限公司 一种高磷铜合金的冶炼装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3027465C1 (de) * 1980-07-19 1982-03-18 Korf-Stahl Ag, 7570 Baden-Baden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kuehlen von Gefaessteilen eines metallurgischen Ofens,insbesondere eines Lichtbogenofens
GB8722354D0 (en) * 1987-09-23 1987-10-28 Davy Mckee Stockton Metallurgical furnace
US4789991A (en) * 1988-01-19 1988-12-06 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Cooling system for electric arc furnaces
US4815096A (en) * 1988-03-08 1989-03-21 Union Carbide Corporation Cooling system and method for molten material handling vessels

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202300023610A1 (it) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-09 Danieli Off Mecc Apparato di raffreddamento per un forno metallurgico e relativo forno
WO2025099777A1 (fr) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-15 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Appareil de refroidissement pour four métallurgique et four correspondant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0393970A3 (en) 1990-12-19
ES2058792T3 (es) 1994-11-01
DE69010380T2 (de) 1994-11-03
DE69010380T3 (de) 1999-08-26
ATE108269T1 (de) 1994-07-15
GB8908997D0 (en) 1989-06-07
DE69010380D1 (de) 1994-08-11
EP0393970A2 (fr) 1990-10-24
ES2058792T5 (es) 1999-08-16
EP0393970B1 (fr) 1994-07-06

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