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EP0392180A1 - Bougie à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0392180A1
EP0392180A1 EP19900103955 EP90103955A EP0392180A1 EP 0392180 A1 EP0392180 A1 EP 0392180A1 EP 19900103955 EP19900103955 EP 19900103955 EP 90103955 A EP90103955 A EP 90103955A EP 0392180 A1 EP0392180 A1 EP 0392180A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistance
coil
glow plug
heating
heating coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19900103955
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0392180B1 (fr
Inventor
Hannes Dr. Dipl.-Mineraloge Pflug
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Schneck (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0392180A1 publication Critical patent/EP0392180A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0392180B1 publication Critical patent/EP0392180B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine with a prechamber or swirl chamber or direct injector, in particular for vehicles with an on-board electrical system voltage of 24 volts, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • glow plugs are designed for 12 volt or 24 volt operating voltage, with a voltage loss of approx. 1 volt occurring due to the high currents in the supply lines.
  • Both types of glow plugs essentially consist of a heating element and a candle housing, the heating element comprising two resistance coils connected in series, which are arranged within a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant glow tube and are embedded in an insulating powder.
  • the ceramic insulating powder electrically insulates the resistance coils and transfers the heat generated by the resistance coils to the glow tube.
  • the resistance coils consist of one in the front, Combustion chamber-side region of the glow tube arranged heating coil with an essentially constant resistance and a control coil connected electrically in series with this, connection-side control coil with a high positive resistance-temperature coefficient (PTC), which serves for temperature control or temperature limitation of the heating coil.
  • PTC positive resistance-temperature coefficient
  • the rule coil with such properties consists, for. B. from pure nickel or pure iron; the heating coil is preferably made of an FeCrAl alloy.
  • Usual 12 volt glow plugs with such a so-called 2-component filament have certain wire diameters that determine the resistance value of the filaments.
  • the resistance value for the heating coil in the finished glow plug is, for example, at 20 ° C. ambient temperature at 250 milliohms, that for the control coil at, for example, 130 milliohms.
  • the wire diameter of the heating coil not yet installed in the glow plug has a value of ⁇ 0.5 mm and that of the control coil has a value of ⁇ 0.4 mm.
  • This wire thickness is strong enough to be able to handle the 2-material spiral sufficiently well when installed outside and inside the glow tube. Such wires can therefore in the assembly of the glow plug, d. H. when attaching the filament to the connecting bolt and when inserting the filaments in the glow tube also in an automated production line are handled well enough.
  • Glow plugs also come - as mentioned earlier - for use in diesel engines in vehicles an electrical system voltage of 24 volts.
  • the heating power of these 24-volt candles must not be greater than that of 12-volt candles, otherwise the material would be destroyed.
  • the resistance of the resistance coils must be increased in order to limit the current flow and thus the heating power.
  • the known 23-volt candles therefore have two-filament coils, ie a heating coil and a regulating coil, which, in order to increase the resistance, have a considerably smaller wire cross section than the resistance coils in 12-volt candles.
  • the wire diameter is approx. 0.18 mm for the control coil and approx. 0.25 mm for the heating coil.
  • a disadvantage of these thin wire diameters is the fact that such a two-component filament is extremely unstable and has low inherent rigidity. Since such a 2-material spiral bends very easily, assembly is extremely difficult and involves a high level of rejects. Glow plug assembly with such 24 volt glow plugs can therefore only be done manually. The low inherent rigidity applies in particular to the control coil, since the material used for this reacts extremely flexibly and unstably with these small wire diameters.
  • the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of main claim 1 has the advantage over a 24 volt candle that an additional resistance coil creates a glow filament that has the same overall resistance as a 2-material filament of a glow plug with a 24 volt electrical system , but is much more stable and easier to handle due to a changed distribution of the individual resistors.
  • the resistance of the control coil can be reduced due to the additional resistance coil, i.e. a thicker wire cross-section can be used for the control coil.
  • This means that glow plug assembly for a 24-volt candle can also be automated and relocated to conventional production lines.
  • the reject of the glow plugs is drastically reduced, since the handling of the more stable so-called "3-substance glow filament" no longer leads to kinking and thus to short circuits during assembly or operation.
  • the invention accordingly brings about a considerable simplification of production and the possibility of automation for high-performance glow plugs which are designed for a vehicle electrical system voltage of 24 volts.
  • the third resistance coil is arranged between the control coil and the connecting bolt. This results in particular in the enlargement of the wire cross section for the control coil, but also in some cases an increase in the wire cross section of the heating coil, so that the 3-component coil is stable overall and has the necessary inherent rigidity for handling.
  • a flame glow plug has also become known with also three electrically connected resistance coils, which are provided for a vehicle electrical system voltage of 12 volts or 24 volts, but these coils have a different function in the flame glow plug: the third, connection-side Resistance coil serves to cause the fuel and the fuel supplied to the flame glow plug to be heated and evaporated before it does so Fuel vapor is fed to the heating coil on the combustion chamber side in the front area of the flame glow plug candle and is ignited there - mixed with air.
  • the embodiment of this flame glow plug candle therefore says nothing about influencing the wire diameter of the individual resistance filaments. In particular, the different handling of the coils with different, in particular very small wire diameters is not addressed.
  • a glow plug with three resistance coils connected in series has become known from European patent application No. 0 189 086.
  • the temperature should be controlled to avoid overheating of the glow plug by providing an additional circuit, introduced from the outside, between the connection-side control coil and the combustion chamber-side heating coil.
  • the additional circuitry introduced from the outside then taps off a single resistance coil.
  • the three resistance coils are designed so that at least one has a positive temperature coefficient and can therefore take over control or measurement tasks.
  • this arrangement of a glow plug does not show any configuration of resistance coils in which the increase in the wire diameter, in particular that of the control coil, is crucial. Rather, an external circuit for variation and adaptation of the resistors is required. The task and solution therefore differ significantly from that of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a glow plug, the glow plug according to the invention is provided with three series-connected resistance coils.
  • the radiator 2 consists of a high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant glow tube 3, in which there is a so-called 3-material resistance coil 4, embedded in a ceramic insulating powder 5.
  • connection-side end 12 of the 3-component resistance coil 4 is fastened to a connecting bolt 6 with a plug-on mandrel 7.
  • the combustion chamber end 13 of the 3-component resistance coil 4 is connected to the tip of the glow tube 3 via a welded connection 8.
  • the glow plug according to the invention is designed for a diesel engine for vehicles with an electrical system voltage of 24 volts.
  • a heating coil 9 with a constant resistance and a control coil 10 connected downstream on the connection side with a variable resistor are connected in series.
  • the control coil 10 has a high positive resistance temperature coefficient (PTC).
  • the material for the heating coil 9 is an alloy of iron, chrome, aluminum (FeCrAl) or nickel chrome (NiCr 8020) or a NiCrAl alloy and for the control coil 10 pure nickel (99.9% Ni) or pure iron (99.9% Fe ) or a nickel iron alloy (NiFe 701) is provided.
  • a further resistance coil 11 is arranged between the connecting bolt 6 and the control coil 10, which corresponds to the design of the heating coil 9 and also consists of such materials.
  • the additional resistance coil 11 the individual resistance, in particular the control coil, which is otherwise very unstable in the case of 24 volt electrical systems, can be reduced and the wire cross section thereof can thus be increased.
  • the wire cross section of the heating coil 9 and thus also its stability is increased.
  • the axial length 11 of the heating coil 9 11 ⁇ 6 mm
  • the axial length 12 of the control coil 12 ⁇ 20 mm the axial length 13 of the additional resistance coil 11 13 ⁇ 3 mm.
  • the dimensions are not drawn to scale in the drawing.
  • the use of the so-called “3-material resistance coil” according to the invention is not limited to vehicles with a 24 volt on-board electrical system voltage, it can accordingly also have advantages in on-board electrical systems of other voltages.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP90103955A 1989-04-08 1990-03-01 Bougie à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0392180B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3911506A DE3911506A1 (de) 1989-04-08 1989-04-08 Gluehstiftkerze
DE3911506 1989-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0392180A1 true EP0392180A1 (fr) 1990-10-17
EP0392180B1 EP0392180B1 (fr) 1993-11-10

Family

ID=6378209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90103955A Expired - Lifetime EP0392180B1 (fr) 1989-04-08 1990-03-01 Bougie à incandescence

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0392180B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2793004B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3911506A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1182403A1 (fr) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-27 Beru AG Bougie à incandescence
WO2004040195A1 (fr) * 2002-10-19 2004-05-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pourvue d'une spirale regulatrice nettement raccourcie
EP3333483A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2806195B2 (ja) * 1993-01-14 1998-09-30 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ
JP4288850B2 (ja) * 2000-03-17 2009-07-01 株式会社デンソー グロープラグの製造方法
DE102006010082B4 (de) * 2005-09-21 2009-09-17 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
DE102006010081B4 (de) * 2005-09-21 2009-06-04 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
DE102006010083B4 (de) * 2005-09-21 2008-09-18 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
EP1929151A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2008-06-11 Beru Aktiengesellschaft Procede de commande d'un groupe de bougies de prechauffage d'un moteur diesel

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0189086A2 (fr) * 1985-01-25 1986-07-30 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG Elément à incandescence

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0189086A2 (fr) * 1985-01-25 1986-07-30 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG Elément à incandescence

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 09, no. 272 (M-425)(1995) 30 Oktober 1985, & JP-A-60 117030 (JIDOSHA KIKI) 24 Juni 1985, *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 210 (M-604)(2657) 08 Juli 1987, & JP-A-62 26419 (SPARK PLUG CO) 04 Februar 1987, *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1182403A1 (fr) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-27 Beru AG Bougie à incandescence
US6590185B2 (en) 2000-08-22 2003-07-08 Beru Ag Glow plug with a uniformly heated control device
WO2004040195A1 (fr) * 2002-10-19 2004-05-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pourvue d'une spirale regulatrice nettement raccourcie
US7225778B2 (en) 2002-10-19 2007-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sheated-element grow plug having a substantially shortened control filament
EP3333483A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59003397D1 (de) 1993-12-16
JP2793004B2 (ja) 1998-09-03
EP0392180B1 (fr) 1993-11-10
JPH02293523A (ja) 1990-12-04
DE3911506A1 (de) 1990-10-11

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