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EP0366726B1 - Bag made from putrescible material and lining therefor - Google Patents

Bag made from putrescible material and lining therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366726B1
EP0366726B1 EP88907073A EP88907073A EP0366726B1 EP 0366726 B1 EP0366726 B1 EP 0366726B1 EP 88907073 A EP88907073 A EP 88907073A EP 88907073 A EP88907073 A EP 88907073A EP 0366726 B1 EP0366726 B1 EP 0366726B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adsorbent
anyone
sack
moisture
sack according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88907073A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0366726A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Jürgen WERNICKE
Herbert Georg Henning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sued Chemie AG
Original Assignee
Sued Chemie AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT88907073T priority Critical patent/ATE62881T1/en
Publication of EP0366726A1 publication Critical patent/EP0366726A1/en
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Publication of EP0366726B1 publication Critical patent/EP0366726B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/0006—Flexible refuse receptables, e.g. bags, sacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
    • B65D81/26—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators
    • B65D81/264—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators for absorbing liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F2001/1489—Refuse receptacles adapted or modified for gathering compostable domestic refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/102—Absorbing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2250/00—Materials of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2250/105—Biodegradable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sack made of rotten material for collecting moisture-releasing goods, in particular organic waste, and an insert for this sack.
  • moisture-releasing goods e.g. of organic waste in household waste, e.g. Food waste of all kinds, vegetable and fruit bowls, flower remnants, grass clippings, etc.
  • household waste e.g. Food waste of all kinds, vegetable and fruit bowls, flower remnants, grass clippings, etc.
  • wet waste e.g. Grains, leached sugar beet pulp, animal droppings and slaughterhouse waste.
  • wet waste these moisture-releasing goods are hereinafter referred to as "wet waste”.
  • wet waste should not normally be incinerated or landfilled, but should be sent to a composting plant, it is advisable to use sacks made of easily decomposable material that can also be composted.
  • Such bags are preferably made of water vapor permeable materials, such as paper, nonwovens, fabrics or paper-like nonwovens. Have the bags in question however, the disadvantage that they easily soak through, making it difficult to transport the bags.
  • a garbage container in the form of sacks or bags is known, the walls of which consist of a plastic film (e.g. of polyvinyl alcohol) which dissolves in the presence of water at a temperature of at least about 37 ° C.
  • a plastic film e.g. of polyvinyl alcohol
  • microcapsules in the container wall e.g. May contain water or aqueous solutions of bacteria that degrade the polymer film. The microcapsules are destroyed, which accelerates the degradation of the polymer film.
  • the known container does not contain an adsorbent layer with a swellable clay.
  • a carrier bag for moisture-releasing foods such as mussels, is known, the walls of which are made of plastic and on the bottom of which a separate compartment with an adsorbent is arranged, which essentially consists of a powder of crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • the walls of the carrier bag are made of a non-rotting material.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to develop a bag that is able to remove moisture from the Vacuum wet waste without losing any noticeable strength, while preventing unpleasant smells from escaping.
  • the sack should also be compostable.
  • One of the sub-tasks underlying the invention is the development of an absorbent insert.
  • the object to be achieved is achieved with the aid of a sack of the type defined at the outset, which is characterized in that it contains an adsorbent layer at least in the base region, the adsorbent being a swellable clay.
  • the adsorbent layer is designed as an insert, in which the adsorbent is enclosed between two walls made of decomposable material, at least the upper one of which is permeable to moisture.
  • the insert is placed loosely on the sack bottom and its cross-sectional dimensions correspond approximately to the area of the sack bottom.
  • the invention further relates to the insert itself, which is preferably in the sack, but also in any other container, e.g. can be placed on the floor of a household rubbish bin or a dumpster.
  • the sack according to the invention is designed in the bottom region as a double-wall sack, the adsorbent layer being arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the outer and inner walls can be made of the same rotting material or a combination of two rotting materials. So it is e.g. possible to use a paper bag lined with gauze on the inside.
  • the moisture permeability of the outer wall can be higher than that of the inner wall, so that the sack still has a certain strength, even if the capacity of the adsorbent is exhausted.
  • the intermediate layer containing the adsorbent is only present in the bottom area, since the bottom area is exposed to the greatest loads.
  • the intermediate layer containing the adsorbent can, however, also be provided in the side parts of the bag, the intermediate layer preferably being divided into separate individual chambers.
  • the individual chambers can be obtained by gluing or sewing the inner and outer walls together and filled with adsorbent. This enables a uniform distribution of the adsorbent.
  • the layer thickness of the adsorbent can vary within wide limits.
  • the adsorbent layer is preferably about 1 to 2 cm thick.
  • the swellable clay used according to the invention as an adsorbent also represents a material which accelerates the composting of organic waste and improves the soil. Bentonite can be used. Due to their high swelling capacity, the clays are characterized by a high water retention capacity and thus ensure a reliable binding of moisture from wet waste. The clays are also characterized by a high adsorption capacity, so that the odor is completely absorbed.
  • Bentonite and other swellable clays also accelerate the composting of organic waste and also have a soil-improving effect in that, in addition to water due to their ion exchange capacity, they bind mineral nutrients and only gradually release them again to the plants, which means that these swellable clays can be used as adsorbents in the intermediate layer In addition to the safe and odorless collection and transport of organic waste, the composting process is accelerated at the same time.
  • Bentonite and other swellable clays also have the property of buffering the pH of the leachate that may escape from the waste.
  • the adsorbent is therefore preferably mixed with a moisture-conducting material which, due to its wicking effect, facilitates the transport of moisture from the surface into the interior of the adsorbent.
  • moisture-containing Material can be used, for example, shredded paper, such as newspaper shredder, sawdust, woodchips, textile fibers (eg from rags), sand, rock flour or bone meal.
  • the adsorbent can also be mixed with an oxidizing agent such as calcium peroxide.
  • an oxidizing agent such as calcium peroxide.
  • the use of calcium peroxide has an advantageous effect on accelerated, aerobic composting of vegetable waste, namely through a slow release of oxygen, combined with simultaneous neutralization of the compost by the lime formed. Calcium peroxide also has a strong decomposing effect on odorants.
  • fragrances can also be added to cover the odor.
  • FIG. 1 there is a loose insert in a sack made of decomposable material, the outer wall of which is designated 1 in both the bottom region and the side wall region, in which the adsorbent 3 is enclosed between two walls 1a and 2a made of decomposable material .
  • At least the upper wall 2a is permeable to moisture, while the lower wall 1a is not permeable to moisture needs or may have a lower moisture permeability than the top wall 2a.
  • the insert can also be placed on the bottom of any other waste container, e.g. on the bottom of a metal or plastic container, but then the side walls of the container come into contact with the waste, so that the cleaning effort is higher.
  • the outer wall is denoted by 1 both in the bottom area and in the side wall area.
  • the intermediate layer 3 containing an adsorbent in the bottom region.
  • the intermediate layer 3 can also be divided into individual chambers in the embodiment of FIG. 2, but this is generally not necessary here (in particular in the case of smaller bags). , because the adsorbent layer is arranged horizontally.
  • FIG. 3 corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the bottom area. However, it is not single-walled in the side wall area, but also double-walled.
  • the outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2 are connected to one another at the adhesive or seam locations 4, as a result of which the individual chambers 5 are formed for receiving the adsorbent, which cannot slide downward.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for absorbing goods that are highly moisture-containing and / or have a strong odor.
  • the sacks of the invention were tested for the effect of the adsorbent on moisture retention, sack strength and odor levels.
  • the onset of putrefaction of the waste can be postponed by 2 to 3 days due to the bentonite insert, so that the organic waste can be collected for up to 5 days without noticeable odor pollution.
  • the paper bags with bentonite inlay have not lost their strength even after 5 days, so that they can be easily transported.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A bag (1) made from putrescible material for articles that give off humidity, in particular organic waste, has at least in its bottom region an adsorbing intermediate layer (3) shaped as a separate lining or as an integral part of the bag.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Sack aus verrottbarem Material zum Sammeln von Feuchtigkeit abgebenden Gütern, insbesondere von organischen Abfällen sowie eine Einlage für diesen Sack.The invention relates to a sack made of rotten material for collecting moisture-releasing goods, in particular organic waste, and an insert for this sack.

Zur sinnvollen Verwertung von Feuchtigkeit abgebenden Gütern, z.B. von organischen Abfällen im Hausmüll, wie z.B. Speiseresten aller Art, Gemüse- und Obstschalen, Blumenresten, Grasschnitt usw., ist es notwendig, diese Güter bereits dort wo sie anfallen, z.B. in den Haushalten, in Säcken vorzusortieren.For the sensible utilization of moisture-releasing goods, e.g. of organic waste in household waste, e.g. Food waste of all kinds, vegetable and fruit bowls, flower remnants, grass clippings, etc., it is necessary to place these goods where they occur, e.g. in households to sort in bags.

Entsprechendes gilt auch für industrielle oder landwirtschaftliche organische Abfälle, z.B. Treber, ausgelaugte Zuckerrübenschnitzel, Tierkot und Schlachthausabfälle. Aus Gründen der Einfachheit werden diese Feuchtigkeit abgebenden Güter nachstehend als "Naßmüll" bezeichnet.The same applies to industrial or agricultural organic waste, e.g. Grains, leached sugar beet pulp, animal droppings and slaughterhouse waste. For the sake of simplicity, these moisture-releasing goods are hereinafter referred to as "wet waste".

Da Naßmüll üblicherweise nicht verbrannt oder deponiert, sondern einer Kompostieranlage zugeführt werden sollte, ist es zweckmäßig, Säcke aus leicht verrottbarem Mateerial zu verwenden, die sich ebenfalls kompostieren lasasen. Derartige Säcke werden vorzugsweise aus wasserdampfdurchlässigen Werkstoffen, wie Papier, Vliesstoffen, Gewebe oder papierartigen Faservliesen hergestellt. Die in Frage kommenden Säcke haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß sie leicht durchweichen und dadurch ein Transport der Säcke erschwert ist.Since wet waste should not normally be incinerated or landfilled, but should be sent to a composting plant, it is advisable to use sacks made of easily decomposable material that can also be composted. Such bags are preferably made of water vapor permeable materials, such as paper, nonwovens, fabrics or paper-like nonwovens. Have the bags in question however, the disadvantage that they easily soak through, making it difficult to transport the bags.

Es wurde bereits versucht (DE-Gbm 87 09 242), diese Nachteile dadurch zu beheben, daß man sack- oder tütenförmige Behältnisse aus verrottbarem Material, wie Alt- oder Recyclingpapier, mit einem verstärkten Boden versah und verschließbar ausbildete. Hierbei wurde der Boden aus mehreren Schichten Papier oder aus extra starkem Papier verstärkt.Attempts have already been made (DE-Gbm 87 09 242) to remedy these disadvantages by providing sack- or bag-shaped containers made of rotting material, such as waste or recycled paper, with a reinforced bottom and designed to be closable. The floor was reinforced with several layers of paper or extra strong paper.

Diese Art der Verstärkung ist jedoch häufig unzureichend. Ferner konnte insbesondere bei stark geruchsintensiven Abfällen ein geruchsdichter Abschluß nicht erreicht werden.However, this type of reinforcement is often insufficient. Furthermore, an odor-tight seal could not be achieved, particularly in the case of strongly odor-intensive waste.

Aus der US-A-37 62 454 ist ein Müllbehälter in Sack- oder Beutelform bekannt, dessen Wände aus einem Kunststoffilm (z.B. aus Polyvinylalkohol) bestehen, der sich in Gegenwart von Wasser mit einer Temperatur von mindestens etwa 37°C auflöst. In der Behälterwand befinden sich Mikrokapseln, die z.B. Wasser oder wäßrige Lösungen von Bakterien, die den Polymerfilm abbauen, enthalten können. Die Mikrokapseln werden zerstört, wodurch der Abbau des Polymerfilms beschleunigt wird. Abgesehen davon, daß seine Herstellung aufwendig ist, enthält der bekannte Behälter keine Adsorptionsmittelschicht mit einem quellfähigen Ton.From US-A-37 62 454 a garbage container in the form of sacks or bags is known, the walls of which consist of a plastic film (e.g. of polyvinyl alcohol) which dissolves in the presence of water at a temperature of at least about 37 ° C. There are microcapsules in the container wall, e.g. May contain water or aqueous solutions of bacteria that degrade the polymer film. The microcapsules are destroyed, which accelerates the degradation of the polymer film. Apart from the fact that its production is complex, the known container does not contain an adsorbent layer with a swellable clay.

Aus der EP-A-0 068 530 ist eine Tragetasche für feuchtigkeitsabgebende Lebensmittel, wie Muscheln bekannt, deren Wände aus Kunststoff bestehen und auf deren Boden ein getrenntes Abteil mit einem Adsorptionsmittel angeordnet ist, das im wesentlichen aus einem Pulver aus vernetzter Carboxymethylcellulose besteht. Die Wände der Tragetasche bestehen also aus einem nicht verrottbaren Material.From EP-A-0 068 530 a carrier bag for moisture-releasing foods, such as mussels, is known, the walls of which are made of plastic and on the bottom of which a separate compartment with an adsorbent is arranged, which essentially consists of a powder of crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose. The walls of the carrier bag are made of a non-rotting material.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Sack zu entwickeln, der in der Lage ist, die Feuchtigkeit aus dem Naßmüll aufzusaugen, ohne dabei merklich an Festigkeit zu verlieren, und der gleichzeitig ein Entweichen von unangenehmen Gerüchen verhindert. Ferner soll der Sack kompostierbar sein.The invention is therefore based on the object to develop a bag that is able to remove moisture from the Vacuum wet waste without losing any noticeable strength, while preventing unpleasant smells from escaping. The sack should also be compostable.

Eine der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Teilaufgabe besteht in der Entwicklung einer saugfähigen Einlage.One of the sub-tasks underlying the invention is the development of an absorbent insert.

Die zu lösende Aufgabe wird mit Hilfe eines Sackes der eingangs definierten Gattung gelöst, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß er zumindest im Bodenbereich eine Adsorptionsmittelschicht enthält, wobei das Adsorptionsmittel einen quellfähigen Ton darstellt.The object to be achieved is achieved with the aid of a sack of the type defined at the outset, which is characterized in that it contains an adsorbent layer at least in the base region, the adsorbent being a swellable clay.

Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Adsorptionsmittelschicht als Einlage ausgebildet, bei der das Adsorptionsmittel zwischen zwei Wänden aus verrottbarem Material eingeschlossen ist, von denen zumindest die obere feuchtigkeitsdurchlässig ist. Die Einlage ist hierbei lose auf den Sackboden gelegt und entspricht in ihren Querschnittsabmessungen etwa der Fläche des Sackbodens.According to one embodiment of the invention, the adsorbent layer is designed as an insert, in which the adsorbent is enclosed between two walls made of decomposable material, at least the upper one of which is permeable to moisture. The insert is placed loosely on the sack bottom and its cross-sectional dimensions correspond approximately to the area of the sack bottom.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner die Einlage selbst, die vorzugsweise in den Sack, aber auch in jeden beliebigen anderen Behälter, z.B. auf den Boden eines Hausmülleimers oder eines Müllcontainers gelegt werden kann.The invention further relates to the insert itself, which is preferably in the sack, but also in any other container, e.g. can be placed on the floor of a household rubbish bin or a dumpster.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist der erfindungsgemäße Sack im Bodenbereich als Doppelwandsack ausgebildet, wobei die Adsorptionsmittelschicht zwischen der Außenwand und der Innenwand angeordnet ist.According to a further embodiment, the sack according to the invention is designed in the bottom region as a double-wall sack, the adsorbent layer being arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall.

Die Außen- und Innenwand können aus demselben verrottbaren Material oder aus einer Kombination zweier verrottbarer Materialien bestehen. So ist es z.B. möglich, einen Papiersack zu verwenden, der innen mit einer Gaze ausgekleidet ist.The outer and inner walls can be made of the same rotting material or a combination of two rotting materials. So it is e.g. possible to use a paper bag lined with gauze on the inside.

Ferner kann die Feuchtigkeitsdurchlässigkeit der Außenwand höher sein als die der Innenwand, so daß der Sack noch eine gewisse Festigkeit hat, auch wenn die Kapazität des Adsorptionsmittels erschöpft ist.Furthermore, the moisture permeability of the outer wall can be higher than that of the inner wall, so that the sack still has a certain strength, even if the capacity of the adsorbent is exhausted.

Im allgemeinen reicht es bei der zweiten Ausführungsform aus, wenn die das Adsorptionsmittel enthaltende Zwischenschicht nur im Bodenbereich vorhanden ist, da der Bodenbereich den stärksten Belastungen ausgesetzt ist. Die das Adsorptionsmittel enthaltende Zwischenschicht kann aber auch in den Seitenteilen des Sackes vorgesehen sein, wobei die Zwischenschicht vorzugsweise in voneinander getrennte Einzelkammern unterteilt ist. Die Einzelkammern können durch Zusammenkleben bzw. Zusammennähen von Innen- und Außenwand erhalten und mit Adsorptionsmittel aufgefüllt werden. Dadurch ist eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Adsorptionsmittels möglich.In general, in the second embodiment, it is sufficient if the intermediate layer containing the adsorbent is only present in the bottom area, since the bottom area is exposed to the greatest loads. The intermediate layer containing the adsorbent can, however, also be provided in the side parts of the bag, the intermediate layer preferably being divided into separate individual chambers. The individual chambers can be obtained by gluing or sewing the inner and outer walls together and filled with adsorbent. This enables a uniform distribution of the adsorbent.

Die Schichtstärke des Adsorptionsmittels kann innerhalb weiter Grenzen variieren. Vorzugsweise ist die Adsorptionsmittelschicht etwa 1 bis 2 cm dick.The layer thickness of the adsorbent can vary within wide limits. The adsorbent layer is preferably about 1 to 2 cm thick.

Der erfindungsgemäß als Adsorptionsmittel verwendete quellfähige Ton stellt auch ein die Kompostierung von organischen Abfällen beschleunigendes und bodenverbesserndes Material dar. Als quellfähiger Ton kann z.B. Bentonit verwendet werden. Die Tone zeichnen sich aufgrund ihres hohen Quellvermögens durch ein hohes Wasserrückhaltevermögen aus und gewährleisten dadurch eine zuverlässige Bindung der Feuchtigkeit aus dem Naßmüll. Die Tone zeichnen sich ferner durch ein hohes Adsorptionsvermögen aus, so daß eine vollständige Geruchsbindung erfolgt.The swellable clay used according to the invention as an adsorbent also represents a material which accelerates the composting of organic waste and improves the soil. Bentonite can be used. Due to their high swelling capacity, the clays are characterized by a high water retention capacity and thus ensure a reliable binding of moisture from wet waste. The clays are also characterized by a high adsorption capacity, so that the odor is completely absorbed.

Bentonit und andere quellfähige Tone beschleunigen ferner die Kompostierung von organischen Abfällen und haben auch eine bodenverbessernde Wirkung, indem sie neben Wasser aufgrund ihres Ionenaustauschvermögens mineralische Nährstoffe binden und nur allmählich wieder an die Pflanzen abgeben.Der Einsatz dieser quellfähigen Tone als Adsorptionsmittel in der Zwischenlage ermöglicht somit neben dem sicheren und geruchlosen Sammeln und Transportieren von organischen Abfällen eine gleichzeitige Beschleunigung des Kompostiervorganges.Bentonite and other swellable clays also accelerate the composting of organic waste and also have a soil-improving effect in that, in addition to water due to their ion exchange capacity, they bind mineral nutrients and only gradually release them again to the plants, which means that these swellable clays can be used as adsorbents in the intermediate layer In addition to the safe and odorless collection and transport of organic waste, the composting process is accelerated at the same time.

Bentonit und andere quellfähige Tone haben ferner die Eigenschaft, daß sie den pH-Wert der gegebenenfalls aus den Abfällen austretenden Sickerwässer abpuffern.Bentonite and other swellable clays also have the property of buffering the pH of the leachate that may escape from the waste.

Bei stark quellendem Bentonit und anderen stark quellenden Adsorptionsmitteln wurde in einigen Fällen festgestellt, daß sich aufgrund der starken oberflächlichen Quellung die Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme nach einiger Zeit verlangsamte, obwohl die Aufnahmekapazität des Adsorptionsmittels noch nicht erschöpft war. Zur Erhöhung der Feuchtigkeitsaufnahmegeschwindigkeit wird deshalb das Adsorptionsmittel vorzugsweise mit einem feuchtigkeitsleitenden Material vermischt, das aufgrund seiner Dochtwirkung den Feuchtigkeitstransport von der Oberfläche in das Innere des Adsorptionsmittels erleichtert. Als feuchtigkeitshaltiges Material können z.B. Papierschnitzel, wie Zeitungspapierschnitzel, Sägemehl, Holzschnitzel, Textilfasern (z.B. aus Lumpen),Sand, Gesteinsmehl oder Knochenmehl verwendet werden.In the case of strongly swelling bentonite and other strongly swelling adsorbents, it was found in some cases that due to the strong surface swelling, the absorption of moisture slowed down after some time, although the absorption capacity of the adsorbent was not yet exhausted. To increase the rate of moisture absorption, the adsorbent is therefore preferably mixed with a moisture-conducting material which, due to its wicking effect, facilitates the transport of moisture from the surface into the interior of the adsorbent. As moisture-containing Material can be used, for example, shredded paper, such as newspaper shredder, sawdust, woodchips, textile fibers (eg from rags), sand, rock flour or bone meal.

Man kann das Adsorptionsmittel auch mit einem Oxidationsmittel, wie Calciumperoxid, vermischen. Der Einsatz von Calciumperoxid wirkt sich vorteilhaft auf eine beschleunigte, aerobe Kompostierung von pflanzlichen Abfällen aus, und zwar durch eine langsame Freisetzung von Sauerstoff, verbunden mit gleichzeitiger Neutralisation des Komposts durch den entstandenen Kalk. Ebenso wirkt Calciumperoxid auf Geruchtsstoffe stark zersetzend.The adsorbent can also be mixed with an oxidizing agent such as calcium peroxide. The use of calcium peroxide has an advantageous effect on accelerated, aerobic composting of vegetable waste, namely through a slow release of oxygen, combined with simultaneous neutralization of the compost by the lime formed. Calcium peroxide also has a strong decomposing effect on odorants.

Anstelle eines Oxidationsmittels zur Zersetzung der Geruchsstoffe können auch Duftstoffe zur Überdeckung des Geruches zugesetzt werden.Instead of an oxidizing agent for decomposing the odorants, fragrances can also be added to cover the odor.

Die Erfindung ist durch die Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Sack, der im Bodenbereich eine lose Einlage enthält;
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Sack, der nur im Bodenbereich als Doppelwandsack ausgebildet ist;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Sack, der sowohl im Bodenbereich als auch im Seitenwandbereich als Doppelwandsack ausgebildet ist.
The invention is illustrated by the drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 shows a section through a sack according to the invention, which contains a loose insert in the bottom area.
  • 2 shows a section through a sack according to the invention, which is designed as a double-wall sack only in the bottom region;
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through a sack according to the invention, which is formed both in the bottom area and in the side wall area as a double wall sack.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 befindet sich in einem Sack aus verrottbarem Material, dessen Außenwand sowohl im Bodenbereich als auch im Seitenwandbereich mit 1 bezeichnet ist, eine lose Einlage, bei der das Adsorptionsmittel 3 zwischen zwei Wänden 1a und 2a aus verrottbarem Material eingeschlossen ist. Zumindest die obere Wand 2a ist feuchtigkeitsdurchlässig, während die untere Wand 1a nicht feuchtigkeitsdurchlässig zu sein braucht oder eine geringere Feuchtigkeitsdurchlässigkeit als die obere Wand 2a haben kann.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, there is a loose insert in a sack made of decomposable material, the outer wall of which is designated 1 in both the bottom region and the side wall region, in which the adsorbent 3 is enclosed between two walls 1a and 2a made of decomposable material . At least the upper wall 2a is permeable to moisture, while the lower wall 1a is not permeable to moisture needs or may have a lower moisture permeability than the top wall 2a.

Der Einsatz kann auch auf den Boden eines beliebigen anderen Abfallbehälters, z.B. auf den Boden eines Metall- oder Kunststoffbehälters, gelegt werden, wobei dann allerdings die Seitenwände des Behälters mit dem Abfall in Berührung kommen, so daß der Reinigungsaufwand höher ist.The insert can also be placed on the bottom of any other waste container, e.g. on the bottom of a metal or plastic container, but then the side walls of the container come into contact with the waste, so that the cleaning effort is higher.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 ist die Außenwand sowohl im Bodenbereich als auch im Seitenwandbereich mit 1 bezeichnet. Zwischen der Außenwand 1 und der Innenwand 2 befindet sich im Bodenbereich die ein Adsorptionsmittel enthaltende Zwischenschicht 3. Die Zwischenschicht 3 kann auch bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2 in Einzelkammern unterteilt sein, doch ist dies hier im allgemeinen nicht notwendig (insbesondere bei kleineren Säcken), da die Adsorptionsmittelschicht horizontal angeordnet ist.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the outer wall is denoted by 1 both in the bottom area and in the side wall area. Between the outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2 there is the intermediate layer 3 containing an adsorbent in the bottom region. The intermediate layer 3 can also be divided into individual chambers in the embodiment of FIG. 2, but this is generally not necessary here (in particular in the case of smaller bags). , because the adsorbent layer is arranged horizontally.

Die Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 entspricht im Bodenbereich der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2. Sie ist aber im Seitenwandbereich nicht einwandig, sondern ebenfalls doppelwandig ausgebildet. Die Außenwand 1 und die Innenwand 2 sind an den Klebe- oder Nahtstellen 4 miteinander verbunden, wodurch die Einzelkammern 5 zur Aufnahme des Adsorptionsmittels gebildet werden, das nicht nach unten verrutschen kann. Diese Ausführungsform eignet sich insbesondere zur Aufnahme von stark feuchtigkeitshaltigen und/oder stark geruchsintensiven Gütern.The embodiment of FIG. 3 corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the bottom area. However, it is not single-walled in the side wall area, but also double-walled. The outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2 are connected to one another at the adhesive or seam locations 4, as a result of which the individual chambers 5 are formed for receiving the adsorbent, which cannot slide downward. This embodiment is particularly suitable for absorbing goods that are highly moisture-containing and / or have a strong odor.

Die erfindungsgemäßßen Säcke wurden auf die Wirkung des Adsorptionsmittels im Hinblick auf Feuchtigkeitsrückhaltevermögen, Festigkeit des Sackes und Geruchsbelastung untersucht.The sacks of the invention were tested for the effect of the adsorbent on moisture retention, sack strength and odor levels.

Das folgende Beispiel zeigt, das bei Verwendung eines Papiersackes ohne Bentoniteinlage schon am zweiten Tag eine deutliche Fäulnis des Abfallmaterials zu beobachten ist, verbunden mit einem Austritt von Sickerwasser.The following example shows that if you use a paper bag without a bentonite insert, you will have one on the second day clear rotting of the waste material can be observed, combined with leakage of leachate.

Durch die Bentoniteinlage läßt sich die einsetzende Fäulnis des Abfalls um 2 bis 3 Tage verschieben, so daß die organischen Abfälle bis zu 5 Tage ohne merkliche Geruchsbelastung gesammelt werden können. Die Papiersäcke mit Bentoniteinlage haben auch nach 5 Tagen nicht an Festigkeit verloren, so daß sie sich gut transportieren lassen.The onset of putrefaction of the waste can be postponed by 2 to 3 days due to the bentonite insert, so that the organic waste can be collected for up to 5 days without noticeable odor pollution. The paper bags with bentonite inlay have not lost their strength even after 5 days, so that they can be easily transported.

Beispielexample

Etwa 6 Liter pflanzliches Abfallmaterial (1 kg) wurden in Papiersäcke gefüllt, auf deren Boden Bentoniteinlagen (200 bis 600 g) als Rundkissen gelegt waren. Die Papiersäcke wurden dann in PVC-Gefäße gegeben. Nach einem Tag wurde ein weiteres Kilogramm pflanzlicher Abfall zugefügt. Zum Vergleich wurde ein Papiersack, der keinen Bentoniteinsatz enthielt, in der gleichen Weise mit pflanzlichem Abfall gefüllt. Einige Papiersäcke erhielten als Einlage 200 g Bentonit  +  20 g CaO₂ bzw. 370 g Bentonit  +  30 g CaO₂.About 6 liters of vegetable waste material (1 kg) were filled in paper bags, on the bottom of which bentonite inserts (200 to 600 g) were placed as round pillows. The paper bags were then placed in PVC jars. After a day, another kilogram of vegetable waste was added. For comparison, a paper bag that did not contain a bentonite insert was filled with vegetable waste in the same way. Some paper bags received 200 g bentonite + 20 g CaO₂ or 370 g bentonite + 30 g CaO₂ as an insert.

Im Zeitraum von 1 bis 6 Tagen nach Versuchbeginn wurde die Menge an zwischenzeitlich gebildetem Bodenwasser (Kondenswasser und Sickerwasser) bestimmt.In the period of 1 to 6 days after the start of the experiment, the amount of soil water (condensate water and leachate) formed in the meantime was determined.

Die Versuchsergebnisse sind in den Tabellen I und II angegeben.

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 The test results are given in Tables I and II.
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002

Claims (12)

1. Sack made of decomposable material for collection of goods giving off moisture, in particular of organic waste products, characterised in that it contains an adsorbent layer (3), at least in the bottom region, the adsorbent being a swellable clay.
2. Sack according to claim 1, characterised in that the adsorbent layer is designed as an inlay, with which the adsorbent (3) is enclosed between two walls (1a, 2a) made of decomposable material, of which at least the upper wall (2a) is permeable to moisture.
3. Sack according to claim 1, characterised in that it is designed in the bottom region as a dual-wall sack, the adsorbent layer (3) being arranged between the outer wall (1) and the inner wall (2).
4. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the adsorbent layer is divided into individual chambers separated from one another.
5. Sack according to anyone of claim 1 to 4, characterised in that the adsorbent layer (3) is about 1 to about 3 cm thick.
6. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the adsorbent is a material which accelerates the composting of organic waste products and improves the soil.
7. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the adsorbent is bentonite.
8. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the adsorbent is mixed with a moisture conducting material.
9. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the moisture-conducting material is a cellulose-containing material such as sawdust, wood cutting or textile fibres; sand, stone meal or bone meal.
10. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the adsorbent is mixed with an oxidizing agent, such as calcium peroxide.
11. Sack according to anyone of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the adsorbent is mixed with a fragrant substance.
12. An inlay, especially for the sack according to anyone of claims 1, 2 and 5 to 11, characterised by an adsorbent layer (3) containing a swellable clay having the features recited in anyone of claims 5 to 11, which is enclosed between two walls (1a, 2a) made of decomposable material of which at least the upper wall (2a) is permeable to moisture.
EP88907073A 1988-04-19 1988-07-22 Bag made from putrescible material and lining therefor Expired - Lifetime EP0366726B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT88907073T ATE62881T1 (en) 1988-04-19 1988-07-22 BAG MADE OF DEGRADABLE MATERIAL AND INSERT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE8805816U DE8805816U1 (en) 1988-04-19 1988-04-19 Sack made of degradable material
DE8805816U 1988-04-19

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EP0366726B1 true EP0366726B1 (en) 1991-04-24

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DE4241480C2 (en) * 1992-12-09 1997-02-13 Hubert Heubl Recycling plant for waste containers filled with food waste
NL9401832A (en) * 1994-11-03 1996-06-03 Krijn Verwijs B V Leak-proof packaging for wet, or at least moist, fresh produce, and packaging for mussels and other shellfish
FI103274B (en) * 1995-08-18 1999-05-31 Jyllinmaa Matti Tapio Procedure for collection of biowaste from households
EP1131259B1 (en) * 1998-11-16 2003-05-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Odor-neutralizing and liquid-absorbing trash bags
DE19920623A1 (en) * 1999-05-05 2000-11-23 Ahe Avu & Heintke Entsorgung G Lining for container for moist waste is produced from single flat piece of paper- papier mache - or cardboard-based composite material with central section and walls, central section having depressions which encourage drop formation
US20030078552A1 (en) 2001-06-01 2003-04-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Odor-controlling disposal container
DE202004015728U1 (en) * 2004-10-12 2004-12-09 Melitta Haushaltsprodukte Gmbh & Co. Kg Garbage bags for the disposal of wet garbage
SI1931572T1 (en) 2005-09-07 2017-03-31 Aspic S.R.L. In Liquidazione Bag for collecting organic waste or foodstuffs
DE102005061233A1 (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 Sbm Maschinen Gmbh Disposal of biomass comprises collecting containers filled with dried biomass and delivering the containers to a central exploitation plant
US20150203291A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-07-23 B3 Plastics, Llc Dripless Trash Bag
IT201800007736A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-01 Ecofil Societa' A Responsabilita' Limitata Container bag for the organic / wet fraction

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US3556186A (en) * 1968-10-18 1971-01-19 Gerard Besthorne Inflatable bag
US3762454A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-10-02 R Wilkins Disposable garbage container
US4410578A (en) * 1981-04-29 1983-10-18 Miller Alan H Receptacle for moisture exuding food products
EP0068530A1 (en) * 1981-06-01 1983-01-05 Akzo N.V. Package for foodstuffs, such as shell fish, which while in the packaged state will exude liquid, and a packaging method

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WO1989010311A1 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0366726A1 (en) 1990-05-09
DK433989D0 (en) 1989-09-01
DK433989A (en) 1989-09-01
DE3862583D1 (en) 1991-05-29
DE8805816U1 (en) 1988-06-16

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