EP0365413A1 - Rare earth halide dispersions in oil - Google Patents
Rare earth halide dispersions in oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0365413A1 EP0365413A1 EP89402850A EP89402850A EP0365413A1 EP 0365413 A1 EP0365413 A1 EP 0365413A1 EP 89402850 A EP89402850 A EP 89402850A EP 89402850 A EP89402850 A EP 89402850A EP 0365413 A1 EP0365413 A1 EP 0365413A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rare earth
- dispersions
- radical
- surfactant
- earth halides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- -1 Rare earth halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ALEYBMUCCRAJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical class C=1C=CC(O)=C(C(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ALEYBMUCCRAJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(nonyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCCC JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005120 petroleum cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IJFYMXHTVPNBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(2-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC=1C(O)=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 IJFYMXHTVPNBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 7
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TVZRAEYQIKYCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(trimethylsilyl)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CCCS(O)(=O)=O TVZRAEYQIKYCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCWGTDULNUVNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpentan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCO PCWGTDULNUVNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001279 adipic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical group [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003330 sebacic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/18—Compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/06—Metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/38—Polyoxyalkylenes esterified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M151/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M151/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M153/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M153/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/041—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds involving sulfurisation of macromolecular compounds, e.g. polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/043—Polyoxyalkylene ethers with a thioether group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
- C10M2225/041—Hydrocarbon polymers
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium and their process of preparation. More specifically, the invention relates to dispersions of rare earth fluorides in an oily medium. The invention also relates to their application in the field of lubrication.
- Lubricants based on mineral or synthetic oils are the most commonly used. They generally contain various additives: additives improving the viscosity index, additives lowering the pour point, anti-wear and extreme pressure additives, neutralizing additives, oxidation inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, dispersant and detergent additives, additives anti-foam.
- rare earth fluorides can be used as extreme pressure additives, preventing direct contact with metal surfaces, under severe operating conditions (seizure).
- the aim of the present invention is to provide dispersions of rare earth halides in an aqueous medium intended, in particular, to be incorporated into a conventional lubrication formulation.
- Another object of the invention is to have dispersions having sufficient stability properties with regard to the envisaged application and generally, stability is required in a temperature range from - 10 . C to + 45 C.
- the dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium are characterized in that they comprise at least one rare earth halide, an oil base and at least one surfactant comprising a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part consisting of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units and, optionally, a hydrophilic functional group.
- rare earth used in accordance with the invention includes the rare earth elements having atomic numbers from 57 to 71 inclusive and the yttrium with atomic number equal to 39.
- the preferred rare earth elements are ceric rare earths such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and samarium. Among these, cerium is preferably chosen.
- rare earth halides there may be mentioned, in particular, chlorides or fluorides: the latter being preferred.
- the size of the aggregates in the case of a rare earth trifluoride, ranging between 0.05 and 3.0 ⁇ m with a particle size distribution more or less tightened according to the method of obtaining said fluoride, it is interesting that the The oily dispersion of the invention can be obtained from any rare earth fluoride, whatever its particle size.
- Cerium trifluoride the subject of French patent application n ° 88/08909, which has a fine and tight particle size, constitutes a raw material of choice.
- It has an average diameter of its aggregates varying between 0.1 and 0.5 ⁇ m and, preferably, between 0.15 and 0.30 ⁇ m: the particle size fraction greater than 1 and 2 ⁇ m being respectively less than 10 and 5% in weight.
- the monodisperse nature of the size distribution of the aggregates is highlighted by the dispersion index defined by the ratio which is in the range from 0.3 to 0.6 and preferably from 0.3 to 0.45.
- oil involved in the dispersions of rare earth halides of the invention use may be made of a vegetable, mineral or synthetic oil.
- vegetable oils examples include rapeseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, coconut oil.
- Mineral oils from petroleum cracking are the oils most often used. They consist of a mixture of a large number of hydrocarbons which can be classified as saturated straight chain hydrocarbons (n-paraffins) or branched (isoparaffins) into alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons.
- paraffinic oils essentially contain paraffinic and isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, substantially less alicyclic hydrocarbons and very little aromatic hydrocarbons.
- naphthenic oils have higher alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbon contents.
- Paraffinic or naphthenic oils or their mixture are preferred according to the invention.
- the organic esters generally correspond to the formula R'OOC (CH2) nCOOR in which R 'is a linear or branched alkyl radical having approximately 6 to 9 carbon atoms and n is a number between 2 and approximately 20.
- R ' is a linear or branched alkyl radical having approximately 6 to 9 carbon atoms and n is a number between 2 and approximately 20.
- the esters d alkyl of adipic, azelaic or sebacic acids are preferred.
- the phosphoric esters which can be used correspond to the formula OP (OR ") 3 in which R" can be an alkyl or aryl radical having approximately 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R" can be an alkyl or aryl radical having approximately 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the tricresylphosphate is an example of this. class of synthetic oils.
- oils of the polyalkylene glycol type mention may be made of polypropylene glycol and mixtures of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
- dimethyl-polysiloxanes diphenyl-polysiloxanes, methylphenyl-polysiloxanes.
- the surfactant involved in the dispersions of rare earth halides of the invention has a hydrophobic part having, preferably, the same chemical nature as the oil base in order to allow its solubilization in oil.
- the hydrophobic part can be constituted by a hydrocarbon group such as, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group or saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl, a phenyl or alkylphenyl group, a naphthyl or alkylnaphthyl group.
- a hydrocarbon group such as, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group or saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl, a phenyl or alkylphenyl group, a naphthyl or alkylnaphthyl group.
- the hydrophilic part of the surfactant is capable of adsorbing on the surface of the solid, namely the rare earth halide. It can include oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated units and optionally anionic groups such as sulfonate, sulfate or phosphate.
- the number of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units per mole of surfactant is advantageously less than or equal to 12. It is preferably chosen between 2 and 8.
- the term “residue of a mineral or organic base” is intended to mean a metal atom, most often alkaline such as sodium or potassium, an ammonium radical or an ammonium residue of formula N (R k R l R m R n ) in which R k represents hydrogen and R l , R m , R n identical or different, represent hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms or phenyl radicals: two of the alkyl radicals can form a single divalent radical optionally containing an oxygen atom.
- fatty alcohols involved in one of formulas (I) to (III) use is made in particular of primary alcohols resulting from OXO synthesis and in particular to mixtures of isomeric alcohols sold under the name primary alcohol “amyl “,” isohexanol “,” isodecanol “,” tridecanol “,” hexadecanol “or with linear aliphatic alcohols obtained by the Ziegler process, available in the form of cuts which are mixtures of alcohols C 6 to C 10 and C 12 to C 20 .
- polyoxyalkylene fatty alcohols suitable for the invention mention may be made in particular of those derived from lauric, stearic, oleic alcohols and tridecanol ex-synthesis OXO.
- Polyoxyethylenated derivatives of octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol and dinonylphenol are preferred.
- polyoxyalkylene fatty acid amides for example, lauric acid or coconut oil.
- fatty acids examples include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and natural fatty acids mixed in soybean, coconut oils, copra or in fats, especially tallow.
- the preferred dispersions of cerium trifluoride in an oily medium of the invention comprise a mineral oil of the paraffinic type and a polyoxyethylenated surfactant derived from linear saturated aliphatic fatty alcohol (s) or branched (s) or of an amine of synthetic or natural fatty acid (s): the number of moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or amine is preferably lower to 10 and even more preferably between 2 and 6.
- One method of obtaining dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium consists in preparing a solution of the surfactant as defined in the oil base which constitutes the dispersion medium, to be dispersed with stirring , at least one rare earth halide, then grinding the dispersion and optionally degassing the dispersion obtained.
- the preparation of the dispersion medium presents no difficulty. It is carried out with stirring, by conventional stirring means (anchor, propeller or turbine stirring).
- the dispersion of the rare earth halide is carried out with stirring.
- the grinding operation is continued until an average fineness of approximately 4 ⁇ rn is obtained. It is preferable that no particle exceeds 50 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion can be ground in a vertical or horizontal ball mill.
- the degassing operation is carried out while maintaining the dispersion with gentle agitation.
- any additives required in the intended application for example, viscosity index modifiers (thickeners or thinners), inhibitors of oxidation, corrosion inhibitors.
- Dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium can be used in all applications where such dispersions are used, in particular in the field of lubrication and corrosion.
- the dispersions of rare earth fluorides in an oily medium can be incorporated into the oily phase of conventional lubrication formulations in liquid, greasy or pasty.
- the dispersion of cerium trifluoride dispersion is carried out in an oily medium: the cerium trifluoride having an average diameter of aggregates of 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion medium is first prepared, by dissolving 101 g of the surfactant defined in the various examples, in 1000 g of a PRIMOL 352 oil, which is a so-called paraffinic mineral oil containing 70% of hydrocarbons paraffinic and 30% naphthenic hydrocarbons (% carbon).
- a PRIMOL 352 oil which is a so-called paraffinic mineral oil containing 70% of hydrocarbons paraffinic and 30% naphthenic hydrocarbons (% carbon).
- a predispersion is thus obtained which is then ground in a "Mini Motor Mill” marketed by EIGER ENGINEERING Ltd; the grinding chamber is filled with 59 g of glass beads 1 mm in diameter, the rotation being 4000 rpm. The grinding is carried out for approximately 4 min.
- the stability properties of said dispersion are assessed by subjecting it to an accelerated aging test, which consists in heating the dispersion in an oven to 40 . C, for 1 week.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention a pour objet des dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares, en milieu huileux et leur procédé de préparation.The subject of the present invention is dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium and their process of preparation.
Les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu huileux de l'invention, sont caractérisées par le fait qu'elles comprennent au moins un halogénure de terre rare, une base d'huile et au moins un agent tensio-actif comportant une partie hydrophobe et une partie hydrophile constituée par des motifs d'oxyde d'éthylène et/ou d'oxyde de propylène et, éventuellement, un groupe fonctionnel hydrophile.The dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium of the invention are characterized in that they comprise at least one rare earth halide, an oil base and at least one surfactant comprising a hydrophobic part. and a hydrophilic part consisting of units of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and, optionally, a hydrophilic functional group.
Description
La présente invention a pour objet des dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares, en milieu huileux et leur procédé de préparation. Plus précisément, l'invention a trait à des dispersions de fluorures de terres rares, en milieu huileux. L'invention vise également leur application, dans le domaine de la lubrification.The subject of the present invention is dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium and their process of preparation. More specifically, the invention relates to dispersions of rare earth fluorides in an oily medium. The invention also relates to their application in the field of lubrication.
Lorsque deux surfaces, le plus souvent métalliques, sont mises en contact, il est usuel afin d'adoucir le frottement de placer entre les deux surfaces, un film d'un lubrifiant.When two surfaces, most often metallic, are brought into contact, it is usual in order to soften the friction to place between the two surfaces, a film of a lubricant.
Les lubrifiants à base d'huiles minérales ou synthétiques sont les plus couramment utilisés. Ils renferment généralement des additifs divers : additifs améliorant l'indice de viscosité, additifs abaissant le point d'écoulement, additifs anti-usure et extrême-pression, additifs neutralisants, inhibiteurs d'oxydation, inhibiteurs de corrosion, additifs dispersants et détergents, additifs anti-mousse.Lubricants based on mineral or synthetic oils are the most commonly used. They generally contain various additives: additives improving the viscosity index, additives lowering the pour point, anti-wear and extreme pressure additives, neutralizing additives, oxidation inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, dispersant and detergent additives, additives anti-foam.
Parmi les additifs précités, les fluorures de terres rares peuvent être utilisés comme additifs extrême-pression, empêchant le contact direct des surfaces métalliques, dans des conditions sévères de fonctionnement (grippage).Among the aforementioned additives, rare earth fluorides can be used as extreme pressure additives, preventing direct contact with metal surfaces, under severe operating conditions (seizure).
Le but poursuivi par la présente invention est de fournir des dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu aqueux destinées, notamment, à être incorporées dans une formulation classique de lubrification.The aim of the present invention is to provide dispersions of rare earth halides in an aqueous medium intended, in particular, to be incorporated into a conventional lubrication formulation.
Un autre but de l'invention est de disposer de dispersions présentant des propriétés de stabilité suffisantes eu égard à l'application envisagée et généralement, une stabilité est demandée dans une gamme de température allant de - 10. C à + 45 C.Another object of the invention is to have dispersions having sufficient stability properties with regard to the envisaged application and generally, stability is required in a temperature range from - 10 . C to + 45 C.
Les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu huileux, objet de la présente invention, sont caractérisées par le fait qu'elles comprennent au moins un halogénure de terre rare, une base d'huile et au moins un agent tensio-actif comportant une partie hydrophobe et une partie hydrophile constituée par des motifs d'oxyde d'éthylène et/ou d'oxyde de propylène et, éventuellement, un groupe fonctionnel hydrophile.The dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium, object of the present invention, are characterized in that they comprise at least one rare earth halide, an oil base and at least one surfactant comprising a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part consisting of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units and, optionally, a hydrophilic functional group.
Interviennent donc, dans les dispersions huileuses d'halogénures de terres rares, au moins un halogénure d'une terre rare.There are therefore involved, in oily dispersions of rare earth halides, at least one halide of a rare earth.
Le terme "terre rare" utilisé conformément à l'invention comprend les éléments terres rares ayant des numéros atomiques de 57 à 71 inclus et l'yttrium de numéro atomique égal à 39.The term “rare earth” used in accordance with the invention includes the rare earth elements having atomic numbers from 57 to 71 inclusive and the yttrium with atomic number equal to 39.
Les éléments terres rares préférés sont les terres rares cériques telles que lanthane, cérium, praséodyme, néodyme et samarium. Parmi celles-ci, le cérium est choisi préférentiellement.The preferred rare earth elements are ceric rare earths such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and samarium. Among these, cerium is preferably chosen.
Comme halogénures de terres rares, on peut citer, notamment, les chlorures ou les fluorures : ces derniers étant préférés.As rare earth halides, there may be mentioned, in particular, chlorides or fluorides: the latter being preferred.
La taille des agrégats, dans le cas d'un trifluorure de terre rare, s'échelonnant entre 0,05 et 3,0 u.m avec une répartition granulométrique plus ou moins resserrée selon le mode d'obtention dudit fluorure, il est intéressant que la dispersion huileuse de l'invention puisse être obtenue à partir de n'importe quel fluorure de terre rare, quelle que soit sa granulométrie.The size of the aggregates, in the case of a rare earth trifluoride, ranging between 0.05 and 3.0 μm with a particle size distribution more or less tightened according to the method of obtaining said fluoride, it is interesting that the The oily dispersion of the invention can be obtained from any rare earth fluoride, whatever its particle size.
Le trifluorure de cérium, objet de la demande de brevet français n° 88/08909, qui présente une granulométrie fine et resserrée, constitue une matière première de choix.Cerium trifluoride, the subject of French patent application n ° 88/08909, which has a fine and tight particle size, constitutes a raw material of choice.
Il présente un diamètre moyen de ses agrégats variant entre 0,1 et 0,5 u.m et, de préférence, entre 0,15 et 0,30 u.m : la fraction granulométrique supérieure à 1 et 2 u.m étant respectivement inférieure à 10 et 5 % en poids.It has an average diameter of its aggregates varying between 0.1 and 0.5 μm and, preferably, between 0.15 and 0.30 μm: the particle size fraction greater than 1 and 2 μm being respectively less than 10 and 5% in weight.
Le caractère monodisperse de la distribution de la taille des agrégats est mis en évidence par l'indice de dispersion défini par le rapport
S'agissant de l'huile intervenant dans les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares de l'invention, on peut faire appel à une huile végétale, minérale ou synthétique.As regards the oil involved in the dispersions of rare earth halides of the invention, use may be made of a vegetable, mineral or synthetic oil.
A titre d'exemples d'huiles végétales, on peut citer l'huile de colza, l'huile de lin, l'huile de soja, l'huile de coco.Examples of vegetable oils include rapeseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, coconut oil.
Les huiles minérales provenant du cracking pétrolier sont les huiles le plus souvent utilisées. Elles sont constituées par un mélange d'un grand nombre d'hydrocarbures qui peuvent être classés en hydrocarbures saturés à chaîne droite (n-paraffines) ou ramifiée (isoparaffines) en hydrocarbures alicycliques, en hydrocarbures aromatiques.Mineral oils from petroleum cracking are the oils most often used. They consist of a mixture of a large number of hydrocarbons which can be classified as saturated straight chain hydrocarbons (n-paraffins) or branched (isoparaffins) into alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons.
Les huiles dites paraffiniques contiennent essentiellement des hydrocarbures paraffiniques et isoparaffi- niques, sensiblement moins d'hydrocarbures alicycliques et très peu d'hydrocarbures aromatiques.The so-called paraffinic oils essentially contain paraffinic and isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, substantially less alicyclic hydrocarbons and very little aromatic hydrocarbons.
Les huiles dites naphténiques ont des teneurs en hydrocarbures alicycliques et aromatiques plus élevées.The so-called naphthenic oils have higher alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbon contents.
Les huiles paraffiniques, naphténiques ou leur mélange sont préférées selon l'invention.Paraffinic or naphthenic oils or their mixture are preferred according to the invention.
Il est également possible de faire appel à une huile synthétique et l'on peut citer, sans caractère limitatif, les esters organiques, les esters phosphoriques, les polyalcolyèneglycols, les hydrocarbures synthétiques, les huiles silicones, etc...It is also possible to use a synthetic oil and mention may be made, without limitation, of organic esters, phosphoric esters, polyalkylene glycols, synthetic hydrocarbons, silicone oils, etc.
Les esters organiques répondent généralement à la formule R'OOC(CH2)nCOOR dans laquelle R' est un radical alcoyle linéaire ou ramifié ayant environ de 6 à 9 atomes de carbone et n est un nombre compris entre 2 et environ 20. Les esters d'alcoyle des acides adipique, azélaïque ou sébacique sont préférés.The organic esters generally correspond to the formula R'OOC (CH2) nCOOR in which R 'is a linear or branched alkyl radical having approximately 6 to 9 carbon atoms and n is a number between 2 and approximately 20. The esters d alkyl of adipic, azelaic or sebacic acids are preferred.
Les esters phosphoriques susceptibles d'être mis en oeuvre répondent à la formule OP(OR")3 dans laquelle R" peut être un radical alkyle ou aryle ayant environ 4 à 20 atomes de carbone. Le tricrésylphos- phate est un exemple de cette. classe d'huiles synthétiques.The phosphoric esters which can be used correspond to the formula OP (OR ") 3 in which R" can be an alkyl or aryl radical having approximately 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The tricresylphosphate is an example of this. class of synthetic oils.
Comme exemples d'huiles du type polyalcoylèneglycols, on peut mentionner le polypropylèneglycol et des mélanges de polyéthylèneglycol et de polypropylèneglycol.As examples of oils of the polyalkylene glycol type, mention may be made of polypropylene glycol and mixtures of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
On peut également mettre en oeuvre une huile synthétique préparée par polymérisation d'une oléfine, notamment de l'isobutylène.It is also possible to use a synthetic oil prepared by polymerization of an olefin, in particular isobutylene.
Comme exemptes d'huiles silicones, on peut citer les diméthyl-polysiloxanes, les diphényl-polysiloxanes, les méthylphényl-polysiloxanes.As free from silicone oils, mention may be made of dimethyl-polysiloxanes, diphenyl-polysiloxanes, methylphenyl-polysiloxanes.
L'agent tensio-actif intervenant dans les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares de l'invention présente une partie hydrophobe ayant, de préférence, la même nature chimique que la base d'huile afin de permettre sa solubilisation dans l'huile.The surfactant involved in the dispersions of rare earth halides of the invention has a hydrophobic part having, preferably, the same chemical nature as the oil base in order to allow its solubilization in oil.
La partie hydrophobe peut être constituée par un groupe hydrocarboné tel que, par exemple, un groupe alkyle linéaire ou ramifié ou cycloalkyle saturé ou insaturé, un groupe phényle ou alkylphényle, un groupe naphtyle ou alkylnaphtyle.The hydrophobic part can be constituted by a hydrocarbon group such as, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group or saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl, a phenyl or alkylphenyl group, a naphthyl or alkylnaphthyl group.
La partie hydrophile du tensio-actif est capable de s'adsorber à la surface du solide, à savoir l'halogénure de terre rare. Elle peut comprendre des motifs oxyéthylénés et/ou oxypropylénés et éventuellement des groupes anioniques tels que sulfonate, sulfate ou phosphate.The hydrophilic part of the surfactant is capable of adsorbing on the surface of the solid, namely the rare earth halide. It can include oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated units and optionally anionic groups such as sulfonate, sulfate or phosphate.
Le nombre de motifs d'oxyde d'éthylène et/ou d'oxyde de propylène par mole de tensio-actif est avantageusement inférieur ou égal à 12. Il est choisi, préférentiellement, entre 2 et 8.The number of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units per mole of surfactant is advantageously less than or equal to 12. It is preferably chosen between 2 and 8.
Comme agents tensio-actifs susceptibles d'être mis en oeuvre dans les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares de l'invention, on peut faire appel :
- - aux alcools gras aliphatiques polyoxyalcoylénés, éventuellement sulfatés ou phosphatés.
- - aux alkylphénols polyoxyalcoylénés, éventuellement sulfatés ou phosphatés.
- - aux poly(phényl-1 alkyl)phénols polyoxyalcoylénés, éventuellement sulfatés ou phosphatés.
- - aux amides ou les amines d'acides gras, huiles ou graisses polyoxyalcoylénés.
- - polyoxyalkylenated aliphatic fatty alcohols, optionally sulfated or phosphated.
- - polyoxyalkylenated alkylphenols, optionally sulfated or phosphated.
- - Polyoxyalkylenated poly (phenyl-1 alkyl) phenols, optionally sulfated or phosphated.
- - amides or amines of fatty acids, polyoxyalkylene oils or fats.
Conviennent tout-à-fait à la mise en oeuvre de l'invention, les alcools gras polyoxyalcoylénés, les sulfates mixtes d'alcools gras polyoxyalcoylénés ou les esters phosphoriques des alcools gras polyoxyalcoylénés répondant à l'une des formules (I) à (III) suivantes :
- - n est compris entre 1 et environ 12,
- - X est un atome d'hydrogène ou un reste d'une base minérale ou organique
- - R est un radical alcoylène ayant 2 et/ou 3 atomes de carbone
- - R2 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X (quand R2 = X) pouvant être identiques ou différents,
- . soit l'un des radicaux R1 (̵0 - R : les radicaux R2 et R1 (̵0 - R )̵n pouvant être identiques ou différents.
- - R1 représente un radical aliphatique linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou insaturé contenant d'environ 4 à environ 30 atomes de carbone
- - n is between 1 and around 12,
- - X is a hydrogen atom or a residue of a mineral or organic base
- - R is an alkylene radical having 2 and / or 3 carbon atoms
- - R 2 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues (when R 2 = X) can be identical or different,
- . either one of the radicals R 1 (̵0 - R : the radicals R 2 and R 1 (̵0 - R) ̵ n can be identical or different.
- - R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical containing from approximately 4 to approximately 30 carbon atoms
Dans l'exposé qui suit de l'invention, on entend par reste d'une base minérale ou organique, un atome de métal, le plus souvent alcalin tel que sodium ou potassium, un radical ammonium ou un reste d'ammonium de formule N(RkRlRmRn) dans laquelle Rk représente de l'hydrogène et Rl, Rm, Rn identiques ou différents, représentent de l'hydrogène, des radicaux alcoyle ou hydroxyalcoyle linéaires ou ramifiés ayant de 1 à environ 4 atomes de carbone ou des radicaux phényle : deux des radicaux alcoyles pouvant former un radical unique divalent contenant éventuellement un atome d'oxygène.In the following description of the invention, the term “residue of a mineral or organic base” is intended to mean a metal atom, most often alkaline such as sodium or potassium, an ammonium radical or an ammonium residue of formula N (R k R l R m R n ) in which R k represents hydrogen and R l , R m , R n identical or different, represent hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms or phenyl radicals: two of the alkyl radicals can form a single divalent radical optionally containing an oxygen atom.
Les agents tensio-actifs préférés répondent à l'une des formules (I) à (III) dans lesquelles :
- - n est compris entre 2 et 8
- - X est un atome d'hydrogène, un atome de sodium, de potassium, un radical ammonium, une monoéthano- lamine, une diéthanolamine, une triéthanolamine
- - R est un radical éthylène et/ou propylène
- - R1 représente un radical aliphatique linéaire ou ramifié saturé ou insaturé ayant de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone
- - R2 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X étant identiques quant R2 = X
- . soit un radical R1 (̵O - R )̵n : les radicaux R2 et R1 (̵O - R )̵n étant identiques.
- - n is between 2 and 8
- - X is a hydrogen atom, a sodium or potassium atom, an ammonium radical, a monoethanolamine, a diethanolamine, a triethanolamine
- - R is an ethylene and / or propylene radical
- - R 1 represents a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- - R2 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues being identical when R 2 = X
- . or a radical R 1 (̵O - R) ̵ n : the radicals R 2 and R 1 (̵O - R) ̵ n being identical.
A titre d'alcools gras intervenant dans l'une des formules (I) à (III), on fait appel tout particulièrement aux alcools primaires résultant de synthèse OXO et notamment aux mélanges d'alcools isomériques vendus sous l'appellation alcool primaire "amylique", "isohexanol", "isodécanol", "tridécanol", "hexadécanol" ou aux alcools aliphatiques linéaires obtenus par le procédé Ziegler, disponibles sous forme de coupes qui sont des mélanges d'alcools C6 à C10 et C12 à à C20. Comme exemples d'alcools gras polyoxyalcoylénés convenant à l'invention, on peut citer notamment ceux dérivés des alcools laurique, stéarique, oléique et le tridécanol ex-synthèse OXO.As fatty alcohols involved in one of formulas (I) to (III), use is made in particular of primary alcohols resulting from OXO synthesis and in particular to mixtures of isomeric alcohols sold under the name primary alcohol "amyl "," isohexanol "," isodecanol "," tridecanol "," hexadecanol "or with linear aliphatic alcohols obtained by the Ziegler process, available in the form of cuts which are mixtures of alcohols C 6 to C 10 and C 12 to C 20 . As examples of polyoxyalkylene fatty alcohols suitable for the invention, mention may be made in particular of those derived from lauric, stearic, oleic alcohols and tridecanol ex-synthesis OXO.
Sont également bien adaptés à l'invention, les alcoylphénols polyoxyalcoylénés, les sulfates mixtes d'alcoylphénols polyoxyalcoylénés ou les esters phosphoriques d'alcoylphénols polyoxyalcoylénés répondant à l'une des formules (IV) à (VI) suivantes :
- - n est compris entre 1 et environ 12
- - q est compris entre 1 et 3
- - X est un atome d'hydrogène ou un reste d'une base minérale ou organique
- - R est un radical alcoylène ayant 2 et/ou 3 atomes de carbone
- - R4 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X (quand R4 = X) pouvant être identiques ou différents
- . soit l'un des radicaux
- - R3 représente un radical aliphatique linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou insaturé contenant d'environ 6 à environ 20 atomes de carbone : les radicaux R3 pouvant être identiques ou différents
- - n is between 1 and around 12
- - q is between 1 and 3
- - X is a hydrogen atom or a residue of a mineral or organic base
- - R is an alkylene radical having 2 and / or 3 carbon atoms
- - R 4 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues (when R4 = X) can be identical or different
- . either one of the radicals
- - R 3 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical containing from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms: the radicals R 3 can be identical or different
Les agents tensio-actifs préférés répondent à l'une des formules (IV) à (VI) dans lesquelles :
- - n est compris entre 2 et 8
- - q est égal à 1
- - X est un atome d'hydrogène, un atome de sodium, de potassium, un radical ammonium, une monoéthano- lamine, une diéthanolamine, une triéthanolamine
- - R est un radical éthylène et/ou propylène
- - R3 est un radical aliphatique saturé linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 6 à 12 atomes de carbone
- - R4 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes identiques étant identiques quand R4 = X
- . soit un radical
- - n is between 2 and 8
- - q is equal to 1
- - X is a hydrogen atom, a sodium or potassium atom, an ammonium radical, a monoethanolamine, a diethanolamine, a triethanolamine
- - R is an ethylene and / or propylene radical
- - R 3 is a saturated linear or branched aliphatic radical having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- - R 4 is:
- . either an X residue: the two identical residues being identical when R 4 = X
- . either a radical
Les dérivés polyoxyéthylénés de l'octylphénol, du nonylphénol, du dodécylphénol et du dinonylphénol sont préférés.Polyoxyethylenated derivatives of octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol and dinonylphenol are preferred.
Comme agents tensio-actifs, on peut faire appel à des poly-(phényl-1 alkyl)phénols polyoxyalcoylénés, aux sulfates mixtes de poly(phényl-1 alkyl)phénols polyoxyalcoylénés ou aux esters phosphoriques de poly-(phényl-1 alkyl) phénols polyoxyalcoylénés répondant à l'une des formules (VII) à (IX) suivantes :
- - n est compris entre 1 et environ 12
- - X représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un reste d'une base minérale ou organique tel que défini précédemment
- - R est un radical alcoylène ayant 2 et/ou 3 atomes de carbone
- - R6 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X (quand R6 = X) pouvant être identiques ou différents
- . soit l'un des radicaux Rs (̵O - R )̵n : les radicaux R6 et R5 (̵O - R )̵n pouvant être identiques ou différents
- - Rs représente l'un des radicaux symbolisés par la formule (X) :
- - n is between 1 and around 12
- - X represents a hydrogen atom or a residue of an inorganic or organic base as defined above
- - R is an alkylene radical having 2 and / or 3 carbon atoms
- - R 6 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues (when R 6 = X) can be identical or different
- . either one of the radicals Rs (̵O - R) ̵ n : the radicals R 6 and R 5 (̵O - R) ̵ n can be identical or different
- - Rs represents one of the radicals symbolized by the formula (X):
Les agents tensio-actif préférés répondent à l'une des formules (VII) à (IX) dans lesquelles :
- - R représente un radical éthylène et/ou propylène
- - Rs représente un radical de formule (X) dans laquelle m est un nombre égal à 2 ou 3 ; Rs est un atome d'hydrogène ; le radical R7 un radical de formule (XI)
- -R6 est:
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X étant identiques quand R6 = X
- . soit un radical R5 0 - R)̵n : les radicaux R6 et R5 (̵O - R )̵n étant identiques.
- - R represents an ethylene and / or propylene radical
- - Rs represents a radical of formula (X) in which m is a number equal to 2 or 3; Rs is a hydrogen atom; the radical R 7 a radical of formula (XI)
- -R 6 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues being identical when R 6 = X
- . or a radical R 5 0 - R) ̵ n : the radicals R 6 and R 5 (̵O - R) ̵ n being identical.
Dans ce groupe préféré d'agents tensio-actifs, conviennent tout particulièrement bien à l'invention, les agents tensio-actifs de formules (VII) à (IX) dans lesquelles :
- - n est compris entre 2 et 10
- - X est un atome d'hydrogène, un atome de sodium, de potassium, un radical ammonium, une monoéthano- lamine, une diéthanolamine, une triéthanolamine
- - R est un radical éthylène et/ou propylène
- - Rs représente un radical de formule (X) dans laquelle m est un nombre égal à 2 ; R8 est un atome d'hydrogène ; le radical R7 est un radical de formule (XI) :
- - R6 est :
- . soit un reste X : les deux restes X étant identiques quand R6 = X
- . soit un radical R5 0 - R )̵n les radicaux R6 et R5 (̵O - R )̵n étant identiques.
- - n is between 2 and 10
- - X is a hydrogen atom, a sodium or potassium atom, an ammonium radical, a monoethanolamine, a diethanolamine, a triethanolamine
- - R is an ethylene and / or propylene radical
- - R s represents a radical of formula (X) in which m is a number equal to 2; R 8 is a hydrogen atom; the radical R 7 is a radical of formula (XI):
- - R 6 is:
- . either an X residue: the two X residues being identical when R 6 = X
- . or a radical R 5 0 - R) ̵ n the radicals R 6 and R 5 (̵O - R) ̵ n being identical.
Les agents tensio-actifs choisis préférentiellement sont les suivants :
- A - les di-(phényl-1 éthyl)phénols polyoxyéthylénés ayant de 3 à 12 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol.
- B - les sulfates de di-(phényl-1 éthyl)phénols polyoxyéthylénés ayant de 3 à 12 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol, sous forme acide ou neutralisée.
- C - les mono- et diesters phosphoriques de di-(phényl-1 éthyl)phénols polyoxyéthylénés ayant de 3 à 12 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol, sous forme acide ou neutralisée.
- A - polyoxyethylenated di (1-phenylethyl) phenols having from 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol.
- B - polyoxyethylenated di- (1-phenylethyl) phenols sulfates having from 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol, in acid or neutralized form.
- C - the phosphoric mono- and diesters of polyoxyethylenated di- (1-phenylethyl) phenols having from 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol, in acid or neutralized form.
Les différents agents tensio-actifs précités sont des produits connus et disponibles dans le commerce. On peut faire appel notamment aux produits commerciaux de la Société Rhône-Poulenc :
- - les sulfates de di(phényl-1 éthyl)phénols polyoxyéthylénés vendus sous les dénominations de SOPROPHOR DSS 5 (5 O.E.), DSS 7 (7 O.E.), DSS 11 (11 O.E.) (forme acide ou neutralisée)
- - les mono- et diesters phosphoriques de di-(phényl-1 éthyl) phénols polyoxyéthylénés vendus sous les dénominations de SOPROPHOR 10 D 12/5 (5 O.E.), 10 D 12/7 (7 O.E.), 10 D 12/11 (11 O.E.) (forme acide ou neutralisée)
- - polyoxyethylenated di (phenyl-1 ethyl) phenols sulfates sold under the names of SOPROPHOR DSS 5 (5 OE), DSS 7 (7 OE), DSS 11 (11 OE) (acid or neutralized form)
- - the phosphoric mono- and diesters of polyoxyethylenated di (1-phenylethyl) phenols sold under the names of SOPROPHOR 10 D 12/5 (5 EO), 10 D 12/7 (7 EO), 10 D 12/11 ( 11 EO) (acid or neutralized form)
Il doit être bien entendu que l'on peut utiliser les composés de formule (VII) à (IX) séparément ou en mélange. Les esters phosphoriques de formule (IX) peuvent être utilisés séparément ou plus généralement sous forme de mélanges de monoester avec le diester correspondant.It should be understood that the compounds of formula (VII) to (IX) can be used separately or as a mixture. The phosphoric esters of formula (IX) can be used separately or more generally in the form of mixtures of monoester with the corresponding diester.
Comme autres tensio-actifs, on peut mentionner les amides d'acides gras polyoxyalcoylénés, par exemple, de l'acide laurique ou de l'huile de coco.As other surfactants, there may be mentioned polyoxyalkylene fatty acid amides, for example, lauric acid or coconut oil.
Constituent également un tensio-actif de choix, les amines d'acides gras polyoxyalcoylénés et tout particulièrement les acides gras monocarboxyliques ou dicarboxyliques saturés ou insaturés ayant environ 8 à environ 24 atomes de carbone polycondensés avec environ 2 à environ 10 moles d'oxyde d'alcoylène.Also constituting a surfactant of choice, the amines of polyoxyalkylene fatty acids and more particularly the saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic fatty acids having approximately 8 to approximately 24 carbon atoms polycondensed with approximately 2 to approximately 10 moles of oxide alkylene.
Comme exemples d'acides gras, on peut citer l'acide laurique, l'acide myristique, l'acide palmitique, l'acide stéarique, l'acide oléique et les acides gras naturels en mélange dans les huiles de soja, de coco, de coprah ou dans les graisses, notamment le suif.Examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and natural fatty acids mixed in soybean, coconut oils, copra or in fats, especially tallow.
Plus particulièrement, les dispersions préférées de trifluorure de cérium en milieu huileux de l'invention comprennent une huile minérale du type paraffinique et un tensio-actif polyoxyéthyléné dérivé d'alcool(s) gras aliphatique(s) saturé(s) linéaire(s) ou ramifié(s) ou d'une amine d'acide(s) gras synthétique(s) ou naturel(s) : le nombre de moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool ou d'amine étant de préférence inférieur à 10 et encore plus préférentiellement compris entre 2 et 6.More particularly, the preferred dispersions of cerium trifluoride in an oily medium of the invention comprise a mineral oil of the paraffinic type and a polyoxyethylenated surfactant derived from linear saturated aliphatic fatty alcohol (s) or branched (s) or of an amine of synthetic or natural fatty acid (s): the number of moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or amine is preferably lower to 10 and even more preferably between 2 and 6.
Pour ce qui est des proportions pondérales des différents constituants des dispersions de l'invention, elles sont généralement les suivantes :
- - de 5 à 80 % d'un ou des halogénure(s) de terre(s) rare(s)
- - de 0,1 à 12 % d'au moins un desdits agents tensio-actifs
- - de l'huile en quantité suffisante pour obtenir 100 %
- - from 5 to 80% of one or more rare earth halide (s)
- - from 0.1 to 12% of at least one of said surfactants
- - oil in sufficient quantity to obtain 100%
On donne, ci-après, les compositions préférées des dispersions obtenues :
- - de 20 à 60 % d'un ou des halogénure(s) de terre(s) rare(s)
- - de 2 à 8 % d'au moins un desdits agents tensio-actifs
- - de l'huile en quantité suffisante pour obtenir 100 %
- - from 20 to 60% of one or more rare earth halide (s)
- - from 2 to 8% of at least one of said surfactants
- - oil in sufficient quantity to obtain 100%
Un mode d'obtention des dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu huileux consiste à préparer une solution de l'agent tensio-actif tel que défini dans la base d'huile qui constitue le milieu de dispersion, à mettre en dispersion sous agitation, au moins un halogénure de terre rare, puis à effectuer le broyage de la dispersion et éventuellement à dégazer la dispersion obtenue.One method of obtaining dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium consists in preparing a solution of the surfactant as defined in the oil base which constitutes the dispersion medium, to be dispersed with stirring , at least one rare earth halide, then grinding the dispersion and optionally degassing the dispersion obtained.
La préparation du milieu de dispersion ne présente aucune difficulté. Elle s'effectue sous agitation, par des moyens classiques d'agitation (agitation à ancre, à hélice ou à turbine).The preparation of the dispersion medium presents no difficulty. It is carried out with stirring, by conventional stirring means (anchor, propeller or turbine stirring).
La mise en dispersion de l'halogénure de terre rare s'effectue sous agitation.The dispersion of the rare earth halide is carried out with stirring.
L'opération de broyage est poursuivie jusqu'à obtention d'une finesse moyenne de 4 αrn environ. Il est préférable qu'aucune particule ne dépasse 50 u.m.The grinding operation is continued until an average fineness of approximately 4 αrn is obtained. It is preferable that no particle exceeds 50 µm.
Le broyage de la dispersion peut se faire dans un broyeur à billes vertical ou horizontal.The dispersion can be ground in a vertical or horizontal ball mill.
L'opération de dégazage est conduite en maintenant la dispersion sous faible agitation.The degassing operation is carried out while maintaining the dispersion with gentle agitation.
Il est également possible d'ajouter, soit au cours du broyage, soit lors du dégazage, d'éventuels additifs requis dans l'application envisagée, par exemple, des modificateurs d'indice de viscosité (épaississants ou fluidifiants), des inhibiteurs d'oxydation, des inhibiteurs de corrosion.It is also possible to add, either during grinding or during degassing, any additives required in the intended application, for example, viscosity index modifiers (thickeners or thinners), inhibitors of oxidation, corrosion inhibitors.
Conformément à l'invention, on obtient des dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu huileux présentant les propriétés suivantes :
- - une très bonne stabilité au stockage,
- - une teneur élevée en halogénure de terre rare,
- - une viscosité faible.
- - very good storage stability,
- - a high content of rare earth halide,
- - low viscosity.
Les dispersions d'halogénures de terres rares en milieu huileux sont utilisables dans toutes les applications où l'on fait appel à de telles dispersions, en particulier, dans le domaine de la lubrification et de la corrosion.Dispersions of rare earth halides in an oily medium can be used in all applications where such dispersions are used, in particular in the field of lubrication and corrosion.
En particulier, les dispersions de fluorures de terres rares en milieu huileux peuvent être incorporées dans la phase huileuse des formulations classiques de lubrification sous forme liquide, graisseuse ou pâteuse.In particular, the dispersions of rare earth fluorides in an oily medium can be incorporated into the oily phase of conventional lubrication formulations in liquid, greasy or pasty.
Les exemples suivants sont donnés à titre indicatif et ne peuvent être considérés comme une limite du domaine et de l'esprit de l'invention.The following examples are given for information only and cannot be considered as limiting the scope and spirit of the invention.
Dans les exemples 1 à 9, on effectue la préparation de dispersion de trifluorure de cérium en milieu huileux : le trifluorure de cérium présentant un diamètre moyen d'agrégats de 0,3 u.m.In Examples 1 to 9, the dispersion of cerium trifluoride dispersion is carried out in an oily medium: the cerium trifluoride having an average diameter of aggregates of 0.3 μm.
Dans tous les exemples, on suit le même protocole opératoire tel que défini ci-après.In all the examples, the same operating protocol is followed as defined below.
On prépare d'abord le milieu de dispersion, en dissolvant 101 g de l'agent tensio-actif défini dans les différents exemples, dans 1000 g d'une huile PRIMOL 352, qui est une huile minérale dite paraffinique contenant 70 % d'hydrocarbures paraffiniques et 30 % d'hydrocarbures naphténiques (% en carbone).The dispersion medium is first prepared, by dissolving 101 g of the surfactant defined in the various examples, in 1000 g of a PRIMOL 352 oil, which is a so-called paraffinic mineral oil containing 70% of hydrocarbons paraffinic and 30% naphthenic hydrocarbons (% carbon).
On ajoute 664 g de trifluorure de cérium sous agitation au moyen d'une turbine ULTRA-TURAX tournant à 1500 tours/minute.664 g of cerium trifluoride are added with stirring using an ULTRA-TURAX turbine rotating at 1500 revolutions / minute.
L'agitation est maintenue pendant environ 3 mn pour obtenir un mélange homogène.Stirring is continued for approximately 3 min to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
On obtient ainsi une prédispersion qui est ensuite broyée dans un "Mini Motor Mill" commercialisé par EIGER ENGINEERING Ltd ; la chambre de broyage est remplie par 59 g de billes de verre de 1 mm de diamètre, la rotation étant de 4000 tours/mn. Le broyage est effectué pendant environ 4 mn.A predispersion is thus obtained which is then ground in a "Mini Motor Mill" marketed by EIGER ENGINEERING Ltd; the grinding chamber is filled with 59 g of glass beads 1 mm in diameter, the rotation being 4000 rpm. The grinding is carried out for approximately 4 min.
Les propriétés de stabilité de ladite dispersion sont appréciées en soumettant celle-ci à un test de vieillissement accéléré, qui consiste à chauffer la dispersion dans une étuve à 40. C, pendant 1 semaine.The stability properties of said dispersion are assessed by subjecting it to an accelerated aging test, which consists in heating the dispersion in an oven to 40 . C, for 1 week.
On apprécie la stabilité de la dispersion obtenue après stockage, en déterminant le pourcentage de surnageant huileux sur la dispersion, ledit phénomène étant appelé "synérèse".The stability of the dispersion obtained after storage is assessed by determining the percentage of oily supernatant on the dispersion, said phenomenon being called "syneresis".
Dans les exemples 1 à 9, on suit le même protocole opératoire que décrit précédemment, en mettant en oeuvre les agents tensio-actifs suivants :
- - exemple 1 : amine d'acide oléique polyoxyéthyléné ayant 2 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d amine (SOPROMINE 0 12)
- - exemple 2 : coupe d'alcools primaires linéaires en C12-C14- polyoxyéthylénés ayant 4 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool (SOPROPHOR LA 40)
- - exemple 3 : ester phosphorique acide d'alcool OXO "tridécanol" polyoxyéthyléné ayant 3,2 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool (SOPROPHOR MB)
- - exemple 4 : ester phosphorique acide de nonylphénol polyoxyéthyléné ayant 6 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol (SOPROPHOR PA 15)
- - exemple 5 : alcool oxo "tridécanol" polyoxyéthyléné ayant 3,2 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool (SOPROPHOR 840)
- - exemple 6 : nonylphénol polyoxyéthyléné ayant 4 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol (SOPROPHOR BC 4)
- - exemple 7 : alcool oxo "tridécanol" polyoxyéthyléné et polyoxypropyléné contenant 1,5 moles d'oxyde de propylène et 2,5 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool (SOPROPHOR OX 135)
- - exemple 8 : alcool oxo "tridécanol" polyoxyéthyléné contenant 6 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool (SOPROPHOR 860 P)
- - exemple 9 : nonylphénolpolyoxyéthyléné ayant 2 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole de phénol (SOPROPHOR BC 2)
- - Example 1: polyoxyethylenated oleic acid amine having 2 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine (SOPROMINE 0 12)
- - example 2: cutting of linear primary alcohols in C12-C14- polyoxyethylenated having 4 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (SOPROPHOR LA 40)
- - Example 3: phosphoric acid ester of polyoxyethylenated OXO "tridecanol" alcohol having 3.2 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (SOPROPHOR MB)
- - Example 4: acid phosphoric ester of polyoxyethylenated nonylphenol having 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol (SOPROPHOR PA 15)
- - Example 5: polyoxyethylenated oxo "tridecanol" alcohol having 3.2 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (SOPROPHOR 840)
- - Example 6: polyoxyethylenated nonylphenol having 4 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol (SOPROPHOR BC 4)
- - Example 7: polyoxyethylenated and polyoxypropylenated oxo "tridecanol" alcohol containing 1.5 moles of propylene oxide and 2.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (SOPROPHOR OX 135)
- - Example 8: polyoxyethylenated "tridecanol" oxo alcohol containing 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (SOPROPHOR 860 P)
- - Example 9: polyoxyethylenated nonylphenol having 2 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol (SOPROPHOR BC 2)
Les résultats obtenus sont consignés dans le tableau 1 suivant :
Claims (33)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89402850T ATE78511T1 (en) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-16 | DISPERSIONS OF RARE EARTH HALOGENS IN OIL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8813796 | 1988-10-21 | ||
| FR8813796A FR2638168A1 (en) | 1988-10-21 | 1988-10-21 | DISPERSIONS OF HALIDES OF RARE EARTHS IN OILY ENVIRONMENTS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0365413A1 true EP0365413A1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
| EP0365413B1 EP0365413B1 (en) | 1992-07-22 |
Family
ID=9371183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89402850A Expired - Lifetime EP0365413B1 (en) | 1988-10-21 | 1989-10-16 | Rare earth halide dispersions in oil |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4946608A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0365413B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02158691A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920009631B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE78511T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU613803B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8905339A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68902215T2 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI895009A7 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2638168A1 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3005885T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO894162L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA897961B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2143856A1 (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-03-17 | Rudolph Klima | Lubricants for paper coatings |
| EP1492544A4 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2005-10-12 | Guilford Pharm Inc | PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS USING WATER SOLUBLE PRODRUGS OF PROPOFOL AND METHOD FOR THEIR ADMINISTRATION |
| AU2003901149A0 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-27 | Monash University School Of Physics And Materials Engineering | Rare earth - organic corrosion inhibiting coatings |
| US20060046940A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-02 | Mohannad Almalki | Aqueous conveyor and cutting lubricant |
| WO2007070673A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Cabot Corporation | Transparent polymer composites |
| US7470974B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-12-30 | Cabot Corporation | Substantially transparent material for use with light-emitting device |
| CA2674549A1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-08-07 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating compositions |
| JP5278732B2 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2013-09-04 | 日立化成株式会社 | Treatment liquid for rare earth magnet and rare earth magnet using the same |
| JP2011051851A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-03-17 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Rare earth fluoride fine particle dispersion, method for producing the dispersion, method for producing rare earth fluoride thin film using the dispersion, method for producing polymer compound/rare earth fluoride composite film using the dispersion, and rare earth sintered magnet using the dispersion |
| CN111670241A (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-09-15 | 引能仕株式会社 | Refrigerating machine oil and working fluid composition for refrigerating machine |
| WO2019156124A1 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-15 | Ｊｘｔｇエネルギー株式会社 | Refrigerator oil and hydraulic fluid composition for refrigerators |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3117929A (en) * | 1958-08-08 | 1964-01-14 | Texaco Inc | Transparent dispersion lubricants |
| FR2022508A1 (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1970-07-31 | Continental Oil Co | |
| EP0024009A1 (en) * | 1979-08-11 | 1981-02-18 | Bayer Ag | Emulsifier system and its use as defoaming and antifoaming agent |
| EP0025139A2 (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-03-18 | Bayer Ag | Aqueous dispersions of epoxy compounds |
| EP0039998A1 (en) * | 1980-05-08 | 1981-11-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating oil composition containing sediment-reducing additive |
| EP0043963A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Improved process for ethoxylation of broad-range primary alcohols |
| EP0108302A2 (en) * | 1982-10-30 | 1984-05-16 | Bayer Ag | Use of arylalkyl-polyalkylene glycol ethers in the preparation of aqueous coal slurries |
| US4507214A (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1985-03-26 | Union Oil Company Of California | Rare earth halide grease compositions |
| EP0244099A2 (en) * | 1986-04-16 | 1987-11-04 | Acheson Industries, Inc., | Method of demulsifying contaminant water out of gear oils |
| GB2193224A (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1988-02-03 | Grace W R & Co | Fuel oil additives |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1594511A1 (en) * | 1966-01-21 | 1970-12-17 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Die lubricants |
| US3830280A (en) * | 1971-01-25 | 1974-08-20 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Rare earth flouride lubricant for die casting components |
| US4034133A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1977-07-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Magnetic recording medium with lubricant |
| CH668265A5 (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-12-15 | Lonza Ag | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LUBRICANTS IN POWDERED TO PASTOESE FORM. |
| CH665847A5 (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1988-06-15 | Lonza Ag | METHOD FOR SUSPENDING SOLID LUBRICANTS. |
-
1988
- 1988-10-21 FR FR8813796A patent/FR2638168A1/en active Pending
-
1989
- 1989-10-16 AT AT89402850T patent/ATE78511T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-16 DE DE8989402850T patent/DE68902215T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-16 EP EP89402850A patent/EP0365413B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-17 JP JP1268282A patent/JPH02158691A/en active Pending
- 1989-10-19 AU AU43565/89A patent/AU613803B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-10-19 NO NO89894162A patent/NO894162L/en unknown
- 1989-10-20 FI FI895009A patent/FI895009A7/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-20 BR BR898905339A patent/BR8905339A/en unknown
- 1989-10-20 ZA ZA897961A patent/ZA897961B/en unknown
- 1989-10-20 KR KR1019890015127A patent/KR920009631B1/en not_active Expired
- 1989-10-23 US US07/425,236 patent/US4946608A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-05 GR GR920402216T patent/GR3005885T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3117929A (en) * | 1958-08-08 | 1964-01-14 | Texaco Inc | Transparent dispersion lubricants |
| FR2022508A1 (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1970-07-31 | Continental Oil Co | |
| EP0024009A1 (en) * | 1979-08-11 | 1981-02-18 | Bayer Ag | Emulsifier system and its use as defoaming and antifoaming agent |
| EP0025139A2 (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-03-18 | Bayer Ag | Aqueous dispersions of epoxy compounds |
| EP0039998A1 (en) * | 1980-05-08 | 1981-11-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating oil composition containing sediment-reducing additive |
| EP0043963A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Improved process for ethoxylation of broad-range primary alcohols |
| EP0108302A2 (en) * | 1982-10-30 | 1984-05-16 | Bayer Ag | Use of arylalkyl-polyalkylene glycol ethers in the preparation of aqueous coal slurries |
| US4507214A (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1985-03-26 | Union Oil Company Of California | Rare earth halide grease compositions |
| EP0244099A2 (en) * | 1986-04-16 | 1987-11-04 | Acheson Industries, Inc., | Method of demulsifying contaminant water out of gear oils |
| GB2193224A (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1988-02-03 | Grace W R & Co | Fuel oil additives |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE68902215D1 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
| AU613803B2 (en) | 1991-08-08 |
| FI895009A0 (en) | 1989-10-20 |
| US4946608A (en) | 1990-08-07 |
| NO894162D0 (en) | 1989-10-19 |
| JPH02158691A (en) | 1990-06-19 |
| KR920009631B1 (en) | 1992-10-22 |
| EP0365413B1 (en) | 1992-07-22 |
| NO894162L (en) | 1990-04-23 |
| KR900006495A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
| FI895009A7 (en) | 1990-04-22 |
| GR3005885T3 (en) | 1993-06-07 |
| BR8905339A (en) | 1990-05-22 |
| ZA897961B (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| FR2638168A1 (en) | 1990-04-27 |
| AU4356589A (en) | 1990-04-26 |
| DE68902215T2 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
| ATE78511T1 (en) | 1992-08-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0365413B1 (en) | Rare earth halide dispersions in oil | |
| EP0961820B1 (en) | Additive for fuel oiliness | |
| FR2547311A1 (en) | OIL-BASED METAL WORKING COMPOSITION CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE PHOSPHORIC ACID SALT AND AMINE | |
| EP0164286B1 (en) | A process for the production of additives for lubricants with detergent and dispersant properties based on non-foaming alkylarylsulfonates of alkaline-earth metals | |
| US5000863A (en) | Lubrication boosting additives comprising organic titanium compounds and lubricating oil compositions comprising the same | |
| WO2012080939A1 (en) | Grease composition | |
| EP0115708A2 (en) | Substantially neutral aqueous gel lubricant | |
| IT8448355A1 (en) | COMPOSITION OF METALWORKING OIL | |
| EP0141758B1 (en) | Lubricant compositions containing solid additives | |
| JPH06179888A (en) | Cold rolling oil of aluminum and aluminum alloy and cold rolling method using the same | |
| JPH06108083A (en) | Cold rolling oil of aluminum and aluminum alloy and cold rolling method using the same | |
| EP1390458A1 (en) | Lubricating grease, preparation and use thereof, in particular for lubricating contacts involving elastomers | |
| JP3476916B2 (en) | Lubricating oil composition | |
| WO2023180637A1 (en) | Concentrated silicone antifoam emulsion | |
| US4218331A (en) | Extreme pressure lubricating compositions | |
| EP3390593B1 (en) | Phosphoric acid ester of alkoxylated alcohols for lubricant compositions | |
| EP0364328B1 (en) | Rare-earth halide dispersions in an aqueous environment | |
| FR2811242A1 (en) | NOVEL HYDROGEN ABSORBING COMPOSITION FOR ITS PREPARATION AND USE AS A FIBER OPTIC CABLES FILLING COMPOSITION | |
| EP0931126A1 (en) | Use of surfactants with low molecular weight as agents for improving the filterability in lubricants | |
| US3152990A (en) | Water-in-oil emulsions | |
| JPS6326160B2 (en) | ||
| EP0923629A1 (en) | Use of surfactants with high molecular weight as filterability-enhancing agents in hydraulic lubricants | |
| JP7776432B2 (en) | Composite and method for producing the composite | |
| JPS59227987A (en) | Metal working oil composition | |
| WO1992007053A1 (en) | Metal working fluid |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900703 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19910308 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 78511 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19920815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 68902215 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19920827 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19920923 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19921013 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Payment date: 19921016 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 19921019 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19921020 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19921028 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19921030 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19921031 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 19921103 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19921110 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF THE APPLICANT RENOUNCES Effective date: 19930105 |
|
| EPTA | Lu: last paid annual fee | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: FG4A Free format text: 3005885 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19931016 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19931016 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19931016 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19931017 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19931031 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19931031 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19931031 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: RHONE-POULENC CHIMIE Effective date: 19931031 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19940430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19940501 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931016 |
|
| NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19940630 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19940701 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: MM2A Free format text: 3005885 |
|
| EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 89402850.5 Effective date: 19940510 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20051016 |