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EP0357762B1 - Procede et dispositif pour moudre et separer le grain - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour moudre et separer le grain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357762B1
EP0357762B1 EP89903742A EP89903742A EP0357762B1 EP 0357762 B1 EP0357762 B1 EP 0357762B1 EP 89903742 A EP89903742 A EP 89903742A EP 89903742 A EP89903742 A EP 89903742A EP 0357762 B1 EP0357762 B1 EP 0357762B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sieve
drive
roller
units
machine housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89903742A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0357762A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Gemsjäger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler GmbH
Original Assignee
Buehler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19883807843 external-priority patent/DE3807843A1/de
Priority claimed from DE3812056A external-priority patent/DE3812056A1/de
Application filed by Buehler GmbH filed Critical Buehler GmbH
Priority to EP90122696A priority Critical patent/EP0428183B1/fr
Priority to AT89903742T priority patent/ATE69741T1/de
Publication of EP0357762A1 publication Critical patent/EP0357762A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0357762B1 publication Critical patent/EP0357762B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/32—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C11/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for grain mills
    • B02C11/06—Arrangements for preventing fire or explosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/06—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers specially adapted for milling grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
    • B02C9/04—Systems or sequences of operations; Plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
    • E05C9/06—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars
    • E05C9/063—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars extending along three or more sides of the wing or frame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device of this type with two pairs of rollers can be found in DE-PS 709 957.
  • the throughput rate does not come close to meeting today's requirements.
  • the degree of grinding in a mill with only two pairs of rollers can only meet more modest requirements.
  • the mill output which is generally dependent on the roll lengths and the size of the screen area, is essentially determined in this machine design by the size of the lower screening device, through which approximately 90% of the total product quantity is moved, while the upper sieving device only discards approximately 10% flour and semolina that no longer have to be passed through the two remaining roller passages.
  • the screening devices are usually vibrating suspended or supported vibrating screens, which are driven by longer push rods from an eccentric shaft mounted at about the height of the middle pair of rollers on the opposite side of the machine housing or even outside of the same.
  • the uneven floor load is due to the height-offset movement of the two vibrating screens around the center of gravity, a reversing moment, which in the case an inequality in the masses of both sieves, for example due to product influences, can also be of different sizes.
  • vibration isolators such as rubber-metal elements
  • the machine constantly performs pitching movements, so that, for example, the fixed inlets and outlets for the goods can only be connected to the corresponding feed or discharge devices of the machine via flexible elements such as bellows, etc.
  • These vibration isolators and bellows increase the structural effort and bring disadvantages in the important area of sanitation with it; they are also subject to wear, which is naturally undesirable.
  • GB-PS 407 316 also shows a grinder for comminuting coal.
  • a plurality of pairs of rollers are accommodated one above the other in a machine stand in the vertical direction.
  • the degree of reduction of the roller stages is shown here as an important influencing factor for the roller wear, which is why it determines the number of roller pairs.
  • the entire regrind is passed between all pairs of rollers, because a division of the product flow to increase performance is not provided.
  • the sieves provided in front of the first and third pair of rollers are used to remove coarse parts that are to be removed from the regrind.
  • At least one screen is designed as a vibrating screen and also without vibration compensation, so that its movement is transferred to the machine housing, which also has to absorb the reaction forces of the rollers.
  • the invention seeks to create a device which is characterized by largely vibration-free running and a uniform floor load with an inexpensive construction.
  • the tried-and-tested principle of the force-closed self-contained i.e. no force resulting from the grinding process into the machine housing, should be maintained, and the prerequisites for a substantial increase in the effective screen area and thus for an increase in output should be created.
  • the teaching according to the invention leads to the advantage of an absolutely symmetrical machine structure with inertial forces neutralizing one another and largely eliminating vertical vibration components of the sieve units. Furthermore, the clearly structured machine structure ensures good accessibility to the roller pairs and screen units, the double arrangement of which enables an increase in screen area.
  • claims 3 and 4 in conjunction with one of claim 2 serve in particular to make it easy to access and lock the screen frame in the direction of the screen, as well as perpendicular to it without separate screw connections or other time-consuming manipulations, by performing all functions solely by actuating the closure flap be ensured.
  • the claims 7 ensures a simple and inexpensive adjustment for the eccentric and the elimination of the much more expensive spherical roller larger and their Largergeophen, which are standard in such screen drives per se.
  • This simplification is made possible by the relatively short connecting rods as well as the clearly defined drive shaft bearing in a tubular traverse, which has the further advantage that it simultaneously seals the drive shaft and its bearings against the dust-filled screen space.
  • the malt grist mill shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of two upstanding from a base plate 1 supporting columns 2 of the machine housing 3, between which three roller packages 4, 5 and 6 formed as self-contained units by indicated screw connections 4 ', 5', 6 ' are fixed (see also FIG. 2) and from two screen units 7, 8 arranged between the second roll package 5 and the lowermost roll package 6, with a counter-rotating drive 9.
  • the sieve units 7, 8 are symmetrical and each have two inclined, double-bottomed sieve compartments 10, 11 and 12, 13, in each of which two sieve frames 14, 14 'and 15, 15' are included.
  • Each sieve unit 7, 8 is articulated in the region of its lateral walls by means of a total of four articulation levers on supporting parts of the machine housing 3, so that they are activated by the drive 9 in the direction indicated by the arrows 16, 17 Swing direction back and forth while doing this. Can do separation work.
  • the material to be ground is fed to the roller package 4 via a feed roller 18 and a guide plate 19, where it - like in the subsequent roller package 5 - is crushed.
  • the meal is evenly distributed by a distribution device 20 to the two sieve units 7 and 8 or their sieve compartments 10 and 12, where semolina and flour portions are already sieved, while the husks remain above the sieve surface (cf. also FIG. 10).
  • This process continues in the lower sieve compartments 11 and 13, after which flour is finally drawn off through the outlet shafts 21 and 22 and through the shafts 23 and 24 husks.
  • the semolina reaches the lowest roller package 6 via guide devices 25, 26, where they are also ground to flour.
  • the arrangement of the sieve units is such that the sieve unit 7 on the one hand on two identical link levers 27, 28 (Fig. 3, 4), which in turn are connected with corresponding drive levers 27 ', 28' and in an extended area 2 'of the columns 2 of the machine housing 3 are pivotally mounted, is arranged hanging; on the other hand, the sieve unit is supported by two further articulation levers 29, 30 such as to support swinging outgoing arms (not shown) relative to, for example, the extended region 2 'of the columns 2 (FIG. 5).
  • the articulation of the sieve unit 8 is designed in an analogous manner, that is to say with corresponding articulation levers 31, 32 and drive levers 31 ′, 32 ′ associated therewith, and articulated levers 33, 34 arranged “standing”.
  • each of the sieve units 7, 8 the center of gravity is approximately the same distance from all of their articulation points and in a plane with these (FIGS. 1, 3), namely the center of gravity 35 of the sieve unit 7 with respect to the lower articulation points of the levers 27, 28 and the upper articulation points of the levers 29, 30 and the center of gravity 36 of the sieve unit 8 with respect to the lower articulation points of the levers 31, 32 and the upper articulation points of the levers 33, 34. All of these levers have restoring forces due to their storage in rubber spring elements, which is yet to be described which, in the rest position, that is to say when the drive 9 is not switched on, bring about a vertical position of all the levers.
  • the two-sided deflection from this rest position is relatively small due to the design of the drive 9 or the opposite oscillating movement generated by it; in conjunction with the equally short effective lengths of all articulation levers, which is preferably only about eight to ten times the vibration range of the sieve units, this leads to a practically horizontal oscillating movement of the sieve units 7 and 8, so that disturbing vertical forces practically do not occur at all.
  • the drive 9 which causes the oscillating movement of the sieve units 7, 8 essentially consists of a drive shaft 37 which is equipped at both ends with two eccentrics 38, 39 and 40, 41, respectively, which are connected via push rods 42, 43 and 44, 45 act on the drive lever 27 ', 28' and 31 ', 32'.
  • the eccentrics are each arranged in pairs offset by 180 ° on the drive shaft 37 such that the eccentrics 38, 39 act on the push rods 42, 43 for moving the sieve unit 7 and the eccentrics 40, 41 by means of the push rods 44, 45 the sieve unit 8 set in motion so that the two sieve units 7, 8 execute an opposing oscillating movement.
  • the push rods 42, 43, 44 and 45 are provided with fork-shaped dropouts 42 ', 43', 44 'and 45' for detecting the specially designed ends of the link levers 27 ', 28', 31 'and 32' (see. Fig. 4 ) and each supported by means of a ball bearing 50 on the eccentrics 38 to 41. Key connections 51 ensure simple axial adjustment of all eccentrics.
  • the drive shaft 37 which is provided with a V-belt pulley 49, is supported by means of ball bearings 46, 47 in a stable tubular cross member 48, which in turn is firmly screwed to the two vertical columns 2 of the machine housing and thus makes a significant contribution to the rigidity of the entire machine structure.
  • this construction in conjunction with the extended areas 2 'of the columns 2 and the design of the articulation and drive lever shown in Fig. 4, that the entire eccentric drive and all ball bearings can be arranged outside the dusty interior of the mill, which is a significant advance with regard to low malfunction and low maintenance.
  • articulation lever 28 and drive lever 28 '- as in the corresponding pairs of levers 27, 27' and 31, 31 'and 32, 32' - firmly connected to each other via a square 52 and extend from this downwards in the same direction and length, the connection to the square 52 in the region of the articulation lever 28 being expediently made by a plurality of screws 53 for reasons of assembly.
  • the square 52 is in a likewise square, but offset by 45 ° with respect to the square 52 tube piece 54, the corner spaces of correspondingly shaped profile pieces 55 made of a permanently elastic but at the same time solid material, for example hard rubber, are filled out.
  • the link lever 28 for the sieve unit 7 is at its lower end with a square tube piece 58 and a square 60 clamped therein in profile pieces 59 in an analogous manner to the square 52 with a connecting flange 61 provided, which is fastened to the sieve unit 7 by means of screws 62.
  • the welded at the other end of the square 52 drive lever 28 ' also has at its lower end a square tube piece 63 with therein 64 profile pieces made of a solid, permanently elastic material and a square 65 clamped therein. This is captured at its ends by the dropouts 43 'of the push rod 43 and fastened between them by means of screws 66.
  • the simple articulation levers 29, 30, 33, 34 which do not serve to drive the sieve units 7, 8, are designed in a similar technology, as can be seen in FIG. 5 from the example of the articulation lever 29.
  • the flange 74 is screwed to the machine housing and the flange 72 to the sieve unit 7.
  • pin ends which do not necessarily have to have a square profile, serve to accommodate the stabilizer tabs 75, 76, the cranked shape of which results from the axial offset of the eccentrics 39, 41 and push rods 43, 45 (FIG. 3) .
  • Rubber damping elements are also used here for damping purposes, for example in the form of a circular ring and with corresponding rubber profiles 80. It is understood that, for reasons of symmetry, stabilizer tabs of this type are also used in the area of the mounting of the articulation and drive levers 27, 27 'and 31, 31' on the opposite side of the machine.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 show, on the basis of a stylized representation of the sieve units 7, 8 and a machine housing 81, a variant of the drive for the sieve units, in which rotating elements and housing wall bushings for moving parts can largely be dispensed with.
  • the central element of this drive forms a pivot axis 83 mounted in the walls of the housing 81, for example by means of rubber spring elements 82, which is set into a reciprocating reciprocating movement by means of a lever 84 firmly connected to it by means of an eccentric drive 85 and a push rod 86.
  • a lever 84 firmly connected to it by means of an eccentric drive 85 and a push rod 86.
  • two two-armed drive levers 87 are fixed and mounted parallel to one another, the upward-facing arms of which serve to drive the screening unit 8 and the downward-facing arms of which serve to drive the screening unit 7. It goes without saying that this assignment can also be made the other way round and that the levers in the rest position do not necessarily have to assume a vertical position, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the sieve units 7 and 8 are suspended in the housing 81 on four articulation levers, which can be designed similarly to the articulation lever shown in FIG. 5.
  • the linkage levers 94, 95, 96, 97 are provided for the sieve unit 7 and the linkage levers 98, 99, 100 and 101 are provided for the sieve unit 8, FIG. 9 showing the linkage lever 100 as a representative of all link levers.
  • rubber spring elements are also used here, whereby the design can be simplified compared to those according to FIG. 6 in that the rubber spring elements 102 - like all the others used in this drive variant - have an annular rubber insert and for their articulation on the housing and simple pin elements 103 can be used on the sieve units.
  • the sieving unit shown in FIG. 10 is the sieving unit 7 from FIG. 1. Its articulation point for the articulation lever 29 is indicated at 104, its articulation point for the (driven) articulation lever 27 at 105; in between is the center of gravity 35.
  • the articulation point of the articulation lever 29 on the machine housing is designated by 106, that of the articulation and drive lever 27, 27 'on the machine housing by 105'.
  • the sieve frames 14, 14 'and 15, 15' lie, each separated only by spacer bars 14 ⁇ and 15 ⁇ , on each other and are supported below on pair of laterally arranged guide rails 107 and 108.
  • the sieve frame is inserted with the cap 109 of the sieve unit 7 open at the top against rear stops, which in the case of the sieve compartment 10 are formed by a housing wall 110 and in the case of the sieve compartment 11 by a cross passage 111 fixed to the sieve unit for the good fractions obtained.
  • the screen frames are locked in the direction of their inclination, that is to say in the direction of the guide rails 107, 108, relative to the housing wall 110 or the cross passage 111 by spring forces which become effective when the closing flap 109 is closed: there is a on the closing flap 109
  • Another so-called cross passage 112 for the sieve transitions and the sieve passages of the sieve frame 14 and 14 ' which, however, is not rigidly attached to the closure flap 109, but is guided by spring plunger 113 thereon.
  • the sieve frames are also pressed against the guide rails 107, 108 by spring force and are brought about by lowering the closure flap into the position shown:
  • the grist produced by the roller packs 4, 5 (FIGS. 1, 2) is fed into the upper sieve frame 14 by means of the distribution direction 20 approximately in the region of the housing wall 110, the sieve mesh size of which is approximately twice as large large as that of the sieve frame 14 '.
  • the semolina that is, all particles whose dimensions are smaller than the mesh size of the respective upper sieve frame 14 and 15, migrate, unless they are still carried by the husks, over the sieve surface of the sieve frame 14 'and get through the cross passage 112 directly to the bottom 125, the final inclined surface 126 of which it feeds to the pair of rollers 6 (FIG. 1) for further grinding.
  • the semolina carried by the husks reach via the cross passage 112 and then pass through the coarse-mesh sieve frame 15, the sieve surface of the sieve frame 15 ', from which they are admixed to the aforementioned semolina for further grinding while passing through the cross passage 111.
  • the flour finally collects continuously on the flour base 127 or the flour base 128, to which it passes after passing through the cross passage 112 or the sieve frame 15 ', finally through the outlet shaft 21 to be deducted. All in all, the large screening area realized in a small space leads to a very high screening performance.
  • Fig. 11 shows such spherical bottoms 129, 130 as the lower end of the sieve frame 14, 14 '.
  • the mesh consists of intersecting wires 129 ', 129 ⁇ and 130', 130 ⁇ , and the surfaces formed by these are divided by webs 131, 132 into individual areas in which balls 133, 134 are located.
  • both the sieve frame 14 and the spacer bars 14 ' are surrounded by a frame 135 in the form of a correspondingly double-angled metal strip in the area of the clamping bars 117, for which an electrically highly conductive material is selected.
  • the lower sieve frame 14 ' including the spherical bottom 130, is surrounded by a frame 135'.
  • the sieve stack is pressed together and pressed against the guide rails 107, the frames 135, 135 'being an electrically highly conductive connection between the sieve surfaces of the sieve frames 14, 14' and the spherical bottoms 129, 130 with one another and cause in particular to the guide rails 107 and 108 and the clamping bars 117 and 118.
  • grounding straps 137 are provided which connect the axes of the parallel links 119 to one another.
  • strips 138, 138 'and 139, 139' which are also at right angles to one another and are made of likewise electrically highly conductive material, are finally attached between these and the webs 131, 132.
  • Fig. 12 can be seen from an enlarged view of the detail surrounded by a circle in Fig. 11, how the bands 138, 138 'intersect in the region of the web 131, the band 138' running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing being below the band 138.
  • the flat superimposition of the strips in the area of intersection is realized by a bracket 140 which is driven into the web 131 and here at the same time the piece of wire 129 Draht of the spherical bottom 129.
  • the clamp 140 which has been hammered in there then grasps a piece of wire 129 ', then again a piece of wire 129 ⁇ etc., so that ultimately the ball bottoms 129, 130 are fastened at the same time the webs 131, 132 is ensured by the brackets 140 in their entirety.
  • FIG. 13 shows the roller package 4 designed as a closed structural unit with the roller pair 145, 146, which is described as representative of the roller packages 5 and 6 of the same design.
  • the roller package 4 containing the rollers 145, 146 has a bearing base 147 which forms the bearing shell for the roller 146.
  • a removable bearing shell 149 is fixedly connected to this by screws 148.
  • a spherical roller bearing 150 (FIGS. 14 and 15) is clamped between the two, in which the stub shaft end 151 of the roller 146 is rotatably mounted.
  • the spherical roller bearing 150 is secured laterally by a lock nut 152 and covered by bearing caps 153, 154 screwed together.
  • the second stub shaft of the roller 146 is mounted in the same way.
  • the roller 146 is therefore removed by loosening the screws 148 and removing the bearing shell 149, whereupon the roller is free to be removed horizontally to one side of the column 2.
  • the spherical roller bearing 150, the bearing caps 153, 154 and the lock nut 152 can then be removed from the stub shaft 151.
  • the bearing base 147 overlaps the column 2 against the movable roller 145 with a bracket 155 and has an axle journal 156 at the free bracket end, to which a movable bearing shell 157 is articulated, in such a way that it can be pivoted against the bearing base 147 or away from it .
  • a bearing shell 159 is detachably fastened to this movable bearing shell 157 by means of screws 158.
  • a spherical roller bearing 160 is clamped, which is laterally covered by bearing caps 161.
  • the stub axle 162 of the roller 145 is rotatably mounted in the spherical roller bearing 160.
  • the rollers 145, 146 are mounted in the same way and are also equipped with drive means which drive them at different speeds.
  • each pair of rollers 145, 146 has a drive pulley on the axis of the high-speed, fixed roller 146.
  • the overdrive from the roller 146 to the slow-moving, movable roller 145 is effected by chain drives or spur gears.
  • the bearing base 147 has a bearing eye 163 at both ends of the roller, in which a shaft 164 with an eccentric pin 165 is freely rotatably mounted.
  • a clamp 166 is pivotally mounted on the eccentric pin 165, in which a screw 167 is firmly clamped with the screw head 168.
  • the screw 167 passes through a nut 169 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing head 170 of the bearing shell 157.
  • a nut 171 is screwed onto the screw 167 and is supported against the nut 169.
  • a spring 174 is located between a spring bearing 172 bearing against the screw head 168 and a spring bearing 173 supported on the bearing head 170.
  • the pretensioning of the spring 174 is set by adjusting the nut 171. This serves as an overload protection if a hard foreign body gets between the rollers 145 and 146 during the grinding process. In this case, the bearing shell 157 together with the roller 145 can pivot outwards against the action of the spring 174, thereby preventing mechanical damage to the pair of rollers.
  • the roller 145 is installed and removed in the same way as for the roller 146. After the screws 158 have been loosened, the bearing shells 159 are removed at both roller ends and the stub axles 162 are exposed. The roller can then be removed horizontally (away from column 2).
  • the roller gap is adjusted at both roller ends by rotating the shaft 164.
  • the end of a lever 175 is articulated on the eccentric pin 165, in the other forked end of which a pivot pin 176 is rotatably mounted.
  • a nut thread in which a spindle 177 is screwed, runs diametrically in the pivot pin 162.
  • the lower spindle end is freely rotatably mounted in a bearing 178 which is fixedly connected to the journal 156, so that the spindle 177 can be pivoted with the journal 156.
  • the spindle 177 is non-rotatably and axially connected to the output shaft of an angular gear 179, which is flanged to a brake motor 180 on the drive side.
  • the angular gear 179 is supported by a torque arm 181. On the one hand it can follow a pivoting movement of the spindle 177 and on the other hand the torque generated by the brake motor 180 is compensated for by the machine housing.
  • the pivot pin 176 follows an arc around the center of the shaft 164 and rotates it.
  • the clamp 166 and the screw 167 move and pivot the bearing shell 157 or the roller 145 about the axle pin 156 at both roller ends.
  • the bearing base 147 has a comparatively large extension in the vertical direction of the column 2 and forms a long lever parallel to the column 2.
  • a screw 4 'with which they are attached to the column 2 is.
  • the connecting straight line of the two screw connections 4 ' runs essentially parallel to the column 2 and lies in rough approximation in the center between the rollers 145, 146.
  • the distance between the fastening points is preferably equal to or greater than the center distance of the rollers 145, 146 Roller drive and from the rollers rotating at different speeds 145, 146 to the column 2 forces are comparatively small and the smaller, the greater the mutual distance between the screw connections 4 ', that is, the longer the effective lever.
  • rollers 145, 146 on opposite sides of the column 2 also causes (at least in rough approximation) a symmetrical loading of the column 2, so that it can be made slim and light.
  • the tab 155 with the journal 156 are preferably arranged alternately in the bearing housing of the fixed rollers 146, what also favors a symmetrical load on the columns 2.
  • roller packs 4, 5, 6 each form a closed joint frame within which the forces and bending moments that occur during grinding are in equilibrium. These are therefore not to be taken up by columns 2. They are only subject to a load from the weight of the roller packs and from the drive torques. However, this burden is largely evenly distributed on both sides. Since the rollers 145 and 146 are mounted identically at both ends the parallel positioning of the rollers 145, 146 in the horizontal direction with the screw 167 by screwing it (at both roller ends) more or less into the clamp 166. The spring preload is always retained since the nut 171 is secured to the screw 167 with a stud screw.
  • the axes of rotation of the rollers 145 and 146 are leveled by pivoting the bearing housing about the lower screw of the screw connection 4 ', 5' or 6 'with subsequent fixing of the bearing base 147 by tightening both screws.
  • the parallelism of the rollers 145, 146 is achieved by screwing the screw 167 more or less into the clamp 166.
  • an adjustable stop screw 182 is screwed into the bearing base 33 at both roller ends, which interacts with a stop plate 183 which is fixedly arranged on the movable bearing shell 157 in such a way that it moves together the rollers are mechanically prevented.
  • a stationary safety switch 184 is connected to the column 2 and can be actuated by a sensor 185 attached to the movable bearing shell 157. The switching point is adjustable by means of a micrometer screw 186.
  • the shaft 164 is provided with a rotational position indicator 187 which interacts with a stationary (i.e. firmly connected to the column 2) reference switch 188.
  • the reference switch 188 and the rotational position indicator 187 are matched to one another in such a way that the latter closes a switching contact in the first with a switching accuracy of ⁇ 2/100 millimeters when the movable roller 145 reaches its disengaged position.
  • the reference switch 188 signals that the defined disengagement path has been reached within the tolerance mentioned. If this signal is missing at the end of the disengagement process, there may be an adjustment and the rollers are automatically switched off.
  • a rectangular opening 190 of the machine housing 191 can be seen from the inside of the machine, representative of several of the housing openings provided on a device for grinding and separating grain, the representation of which here refers to the one with the flap 192, which also includes the Can have the shape of a domed hood, interacting edge region 191 'limited.
  • the flap 192 drawn in the closed position is a shell construction with cover plates 192 'and preferably one inserted between them, the stability Increasing and at the same time sound-absorbing sandwich filling 193 and articulated by means of four with the edge area 191 'of the machine housing 191 screwed hinge eyes 194 and in this engaging hinge pin 195 on the machine housing 191 pivotally.
  • the hinge bolts 195 are firmly anchored between corresponding webs 196 of the flap.
  • a total of eight hooks 197 are embedded in the flap 192, two on the edges adjacent to the pivot axis and four on the edges opposite the pivot axis. As can be seen in FIG. 18, these hooks 197 have a double T-shape and are welded to the shell plates 192 'of the flaps 192.
  • rectangular recesses are provided, through which the hooks 197 pass or which surround the flanges 197' of the hooks.
  • displaceable latches 198 are provided, one each in the zones of the edge region 191 'adjacent to the pivot axis and two in the part of the edge region 191' opposite the pivot axis.
  • the bars 198 are designed as flat profiles which are guided by means of longitudinal slots 199 on the machine housing 191 or the edge region 191 'fastened pins 200 longitudinally.
  • Each bolt 198 is further provided with two T-shaped engagement openings 201, in whose areas corresponding to the "T-beam" the heads of the hooks 197 are immersed when the flap 192 is closed. It is readily apparent from FIGS. 16 and 18 that when the latches 198 are subsequently moved into the locking position shown, the hooks 197 are locked with their heads on both sides of the area of their T-shaped engagement openings 201 running in the direction of movement of the latches 198, and the flap 192 is therefore firmly attached to the machine housing 191 or to it via a total of four articulation points 194, 195 and eight locking points 197, 198, 201 Edge area 191 'is applied.
  • the actuation of all bolts 198 takes place simultaneously by means of a hand lever 202 which is attached to a shaft 203 which is cranked twice and in opposite directions.
  • the shaft 203 is connected via articulation members 204 to the bolts 198 located in the front edge region 191 'of the machine housing 191, so that they can either be moved away from one another or towards one another, the former as shown - the closed position of the flap 192 and the latter in the end position of the The opening position of the flap 192 corresponds, since the hooks 198 are then released again from the engagement openings 201.
  • a disk 207 with a locking groove 208 and a spring-loaded pawl 209 interacting with it are also provided on the shaft 203.
  • the shaft 203 and the disk 207 also form a single disk with two articulation points offset by 180 ° relative to one another for the articulation members 204 can be summarized.
  • the hand lever position in the closed position can still be secured by a commercially available lock to prevent unauthorized opening of the flap 192.
  • a fuse can be provided by means of electrical actuators, which allows the flap 192 to be opened only when the machine is at a standstill.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Dispositif pour le convertissage et la séparation de produits granuleux, avec une pluralité de couples de rouleaux, disposés dans un carter de machine, et au moins un dispositif de tamisage, pour séparer les fractions ce céréales, disposé au-dessus du couple de rouleau inférieur parmi les couples de rouleau (4,5,6) placés dans un carter de machine, dans différents plans horizontaux et les uns au-dessous des autres verticalement, caractérisé en ce que, en particulier pour le broyage de malt, tous les couples de rouleaux (4,5,6) sont réalisés, de manière connue en soi, sous forme d'ensembles fermés en soi au niveau des efforts, fixés sur ceux colonnes porteuses (2) verticales, disposées un peu à distance des longueurs des rouleaux, du carter de machine (3), et le dispositif ce tamisage se composant de deux ensembles de tamis (7,8) ce mêmes dimensions, placés symétriquement par rapport au plan vertical défini par l'écartement des cylindres, et oscillant d'un côté et de l'autre, à contre sens par rapport à ce plan, essentiellement dans un plan horizontal.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque ensemble de tamis (7,8) se compose essentiellement de deux parties de tamis (10, 11; 12, 13), disposées l'une au-dessus, respectivement au-dessous de l'autre, dans un bâti, mise en circuit l'une derrière l'autre et inclinées chacune dans un sens assistant le flux de produit par rapport au plan de vibration, les parties de tamis (10,11;12,13) de chaque ensemble de tamis (7,8) contenant de préférence chaque fois deux cadres de tamis (14,14′;15,15′), placés l'un au dessus de l'autre, susceptibles d'être extraits suivant leur direction d'inclinaison, sur des glissières de guidage inférieures (107,108), cadres de tamis accessibles par un vole: d'obturation (109) commun, articulé frontalement sur l'ensemble de tamis (7,8) et sur lequel est disposé le passage croisé (112) pour les refus de tamisage et les extractions de tamisage.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque partie de tamis (10,11;12,13) présente deux bandes de serrage latérales (117,118), articulées à un noyau parallèle (119, 120), sous l'effet de ressorts (121,122), en vue de presser l'un sur l'autre les deux cadres de tamis (14,14′;15,15′), ainsi que pour presser ces derniers sur les glissières de guidage (107,108).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, pour actionner ces bandes de serrage (117,118), ainsi que pour bloquer les cadres de tamis (14,14′;15,15′) dans leur direction d'inclinaison, sont prévus des éléments de pression (113,14,123,124), assistés par des ressorts, agissant dans la direction d'inclinaison, qui sont de préférences disposés sur le volet d'obturation (109), pour bloquer les cadres de tamis (14,14′;15,15′) dans leur direction d'inclinaison, l'ensemble ces éléments de pression (113,114,123,124) étant susceptibles d'être mis en action par le volet d'obturation (109).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque cadre de tamis (14,14′;15,15′) es: entouré, dans les zones des bandes de serrage (117,118), par un encadrement (135,135′), saisissant tant la toile du tamis qu'également les fonds à billes (129,130) du cadre de tamis, réalisé en matériau bon conducteur de l'électricité, et les bandes de serrage (117,118) étant reliées à l'ensemble de tamis (7,8) respectif, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une bande de mise à la terre (137), et des bandes (138,138′,139,139′) en matériau bon conducteur de l'électricité, dont les extrémités sont saisies par l'encadrement (135,135′), s'étendant de préférence entre les nervures (131,132) du cadre de tamis (14,14′;15,15′) et le fond à billes (129,130).
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque ensemble de tamis (7,8) est articulé sur le carter de machine, dans les zones de ses parois latérales, au moyen de quatre leviers d'articulation (27 à 30;31 à 34;94 à 97;98 à 101), disposés à une distance sensiblement égale de son centre de gravité (35,36) et prenant au repos une position verticale, et de préférence la longueur active ces leviers d'articulation (27 à 30;31 à 34;94 à 97;98 à 101) faisant à peu près de cinq à trente fois, en particulier de huit à dix fois, l'amplitude de vibration des ensembles de tamis (7,8).
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un arbre d'entraînement (37) guidé horizontalement dans le plan défini par les écartements de rouleaux, dans les zones des deux colonnes (2) du carter de machine (3), avec des excentriques (38,39;40,41) disposés chaque fois par couples, à l'extérieur des colonnes (2), et décalés de 180° dans les zones de chaque couple, sont prévus pour l'entraînement des ensembles de tamis (7,8) dans leur plan d'oscillation, excentriques sur lesquels sont montés, en particulier par l'intermédiaire d'un roulement à bille (50), les bielles (42 à 45) reliées aux ensembles de tamis (7,8), et au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes étant prévue :
a) les excentriques (38,39;40,41) sont réalisés sous forme de disques déplaçables axialement sur l'arbre d'entraînement (37)
b) l'arbre d'entraînement (37) est monté, en particulier au moyens de roulements à billes (46;47), dans une traverse tubulaire (48) contribuant à la liaison rigide des deux colonnes verticales (2) du carter de machine.
8. Dispositif selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que chaque levier d'articulation (27 à 30;31 à 34), articulé dans les zones (2′) des colonnes (2) du carter de machine (3), est relié fermement à un levier d'entraînement (27′,28′,31′,32′), de même type et de même orientation, placé du côte opposé, éloigné des ensembles de tamis, de la colonne (2), pour la bielle (42 à 45) respective, sur un axe de rotation (52) commun, et que de préférence au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes est prévue :
a) l'axe de rotation commun (52) est réalisé sous forme d'élément élastique en caoutchouc (52 à 56), dont le boîtier est relié fermement aux zones (2′) de la colonne respective (2);
b) les deux axes de rotation communs (52) voisins l'un de l'autre sont couplés entre eux à leurs extrémités (77,79) dans les zones d'une colonne (2), chaque fois par des attaches de stabilisation (75,76);
c) chaque levier d'entraînement (27′,28′,31′,32′) présente à son extrémité libre un élément élastique en caoutchouc (63 à 65), pour le raccordement de la bielle (42 à 45) lui étant associée, chaque bielle (42 à 45) étant pourvue, de manière appropriée, d'une extrémité fourchue (42′ à 45′), pour saisir l'élément élastique en caoutchouc (63 à 65) respectif.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un axe de pivotement (83), monté horizontalement dans le plan défini par les écartements de rouleaux dans les zones des deux colonnes (2) du carter de machine (3), déplaçable suivant des mouvements d'oscillation et pourvu de leviers d'entraînements (87) pour les bielles motrices (89 à 92) montées sur les ensembles de tamis (7,8), est prévu pour l'entraînement des ensembles de tamis (7,8) dans leur plan de vibration et que de préférence au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes est prévue :
a) les leviers d'entraînement (87) sont réalisés avec deux bras et leurs bras orientés dans le même sens sont chaque fois associés à l'entraînement d'un ensemble de tamis (7,8) :
b) les bielles motrices (89 à 92) sont articulées sur les extrémités oscillantes des leviers d'articulation (96 à 99) des ensembles de tamis (7,8);
c) les bielles motrices (89 à 92) son: articulées sur des éléments de tourillons (93′) séparés, reliés aux ensembles de tamis (7,8).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de pivotement (83) et/ou les bielles motrices (89 à 92), respectivement les leviers d'articulation (95 à 101) sont montés dans des éléments élastiques en caoutchouc (82, respectivement 88, 93, 102), ces derniers étant chaque fois situés aux deux extrémités.
EP89903742A 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Procede et dispositif pour moudre et separer le grain Expired - Lifetime EP0357762B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90122696A EP0428183B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Appareillage pour broyer et séparer des grains
AT89903742T ATE69741T1 (de) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vermahlen und separieren von korngut.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883807843 DE3807843A1 (de) 1988-03-10 1988-03-10 Vorrichtung zum vermahlen und separieren von korngut
DE3807843 1988-03-10
DE3812056 1988-04-12
DE3812056A DE3812056A1 (de) 1988-04-12 1988-04-12 Vorrichtung zum vermahlen und separieren von korngut
CH176/89 1989-01-20
CH17689 1989-01-20

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90122696.9 Division-Into 1989-03-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0357762A1 EP0357762A1 (fr) 1990-03-14
EP0357762B1 true EP0357762B1 (fr) 1991-11-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90122696A Expired - Lifetime EP0428183B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Appareillage pour broyer et séparer des grains
EP94101739A Expired - Lifetime EP0598705B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Dispositif de broyage et/ou compactage de composants d'aliments ou de fourrage
EP89903742A Expired - Lifetime EP0357762B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Procede et dispositif pour moudre et separer le grain

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90122696A Expired - Lifetime EP0428183B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Appareillage pour broyer et séparer des grains
EP94101739A Expired - Lifetime EP0598705B1 (fr) 1988-03-10 1989-03-03 Dispositif de broyage et/ou compactage de composants d'aliments ou de fourrage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5031845A (fr)
EP (3) EP0428183B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02503401A (fr)
AT (2) ATE153565T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8906382A (fr)
DE (3) DE58909800D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989008501A1 (fr)

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CN108855360A (zh) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-23 芜湖明凯医疗器械科技有限公司 一种手动中药粉碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0428183A2 (fr) 1991-05-22
EP0428183A3 (en) 1992-05-06
DE58909179D1 (de) 1995-05-18
EP0428183B1 (fr) 1995-04-12
DE58900497D1 (de) 1992-01-09
US5031845A (en) 1991-07-16
EP0598705B1 (fr) 1997-05-28
EP0598705A3 (en) 1994-07-20
BR8906382A (pt) 1990-11-20
JPH02503401A (ja) 1990-10-18
EP0357762A1 (fr) 1990-03-14
EP0598705A2 (fr) 1994-05-25
ATE120986T1 (de) 1995-04-15
ATE153565T1 (de) 1997-06-15
DE58909800D1 (de) 1997-07-03
WO1989008501A1 (fr) 1989-09-21

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