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EP0236320A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation de solides particulaires - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation de solides particulaires

Info

Publication number
EP0236320A1
EP0236320A1 EP19850905601 EP85905601A EP0236320A1 EP 0236320 A1 EP0236320 A1 EP 0236320A1 EP 19850905601 EP19850905601 EP 19850905601 EP 85905601 A EP85905601 A EP 85905601A EP 0236320 A1 EP0236320 A1 EP 0236320A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
standpipe
riser
solid particles
pressure
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850905601
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Leung Sun Leung
Yat-On Chong
Peter Leslie Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Queensland UQ
Original Assignee
University of Queensland UQ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Queensland UQ filed Critical University of Queensland UQ
Publication of EP0236320A1 publication Critical patent/EP0236320A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
    • B65G53/16—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials
    • B65G53/18—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials through a porous wall
    • B65G53/22—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials through a porous wall the systems comprising a reservoir, e.g. a bunker
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/14—Devices for feeding or crust breaking

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for transfer of solid particles from a point at a pressure to a point at a higher pressure.
  • the most general method of transferring solid from a low pressure to a high pressure is the use of locked hoppers.
  • Working in a cycle a hopper at low pressure is charged with solid, it is then isolated and pressurized up to the required high pressure before discharging the solid by gravity to the receiving vessel at the higher pressure. After complete discharge the hopper is then depressurized for the start of the next cycle.
  • Two hoppers are generally used, one being charged while the other is being discharged.
  • Other known methods for affecting transfer of solid to a higher pressure include the use of mechanical solid pumps, and the use of slurry pumps after converting the solid into a slurry.
  • the present invention resides in a method for transferring solid particles from a first point at a pressure to a second point at a higher pressure including the steps of:
  • step (e) transferring the solid particles from the lower end of the standpipe to the lower end of the riser through a valve means interconnecting the standpipe and the riser; and (f) causing the solid particles to travel up the riser due to the flow of the gas up the riser.
  • the solid is fed from the riser to the standpipe of a second standpipe and riser pair and the method steps are repeated.
  • step (d) the flow of solid particles down the standpipe is countercurrent to the flow of fluidizing gas up the standpipe.
  • the present invention resides in an apparatus for the transfer of solid particles from a first point at a pressure to a second point at a higher pressure including: at least one standpipe and riser pair; means to feed the solid particles into the upper end of the standpipe; a gas inlet at the lower end of the standpipe connected to a source of gas at a pressure to feed the gas into the standpipe to fluidize the solid particles in the standpipe and enable the solid particles to flow down the standpipe; valve means to transfer the solid particles from the lower end of the standpipe to the lower end of the riser; and a gas inlet at the lower end of the riser, connected to a source of gas at a higher pressure, the flow of the gas up the riser causing the solid particles to travel up the riser.
  • valve means is a V-valve, L-valve, J-valve or other non-mechanical valve.
  • mech ⁇ anical valves such as slide valves may be used.
  • the first standpipe is supplied with the solid particles from a bulk hopper connected to the upper end of the standpipe by a riser.
  • the pressures in the standpipes and risers are con ⁇ trolled by an automatic pressure controller.
  • the gas outlets at the upper ends of the stand- pipes and risers may be connected to the gas inlets of preceding (i.e. lower pressure) standpipes and risers, respectively to form a substantially closed system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic arrangement for feeding solid particles from a bulk supply hopper (e.g. at atmospheric pressure) to a reactor at a number of atmospheric pressures;
  • a bulk supply hopper e.g. at atmospheric pressure
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of detail
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of detail
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional front view taken on line 4-4 on FIG. 3-
  • the solid feeder device 10 consists of a number of adjacent standpipes 11, 12, 13 and risers 14, 15 and 16 connected by valve assemblies 17, 18 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) at their lower ends and transfer leads 19, 20, 21 (see FIG. 2) at their upper ends.
  • valve assemblies 17, 18 see FIGS. 3 and 4
  • transfer leads 19, 20, 21 see FIG. 2
  • the normal operation of the feeder device 10 will now be described.
  • Solids in an open bulk supply hopper 22, at atmospheric pressure are metered through a valve 23 and are transported by a pneumatic conveyor 24, with a gas inlet 25, to the lower end of the riser 14. Gas, at a higher pressure, is fed to the inlet 26 at the lower end of the riser 14 and transports the solid up the riser to the transfer head 19.
  • the transfer head 19 has a closed tubular body 27 with an inclined bottom wall 28 and horizontal top wall 29 provided with a gas outlet 30.
  • the solid and gas from the riser 14 enters a separation tube 31 which has a downwardly directed exhaust port 32. Inertia and gravity direct the solid towards the bottom wall 28 of the transfer head 19 and through a transfer pipe 33 to the upper end of adjacent standpipe 11. (The solid arrows indicate the solids flow).
  • the finer solids may remain entrained in the gas (the flow of which is indicated by the broken arrows) and so the gas enters a cyclone 34 which separates the solids and directs the latter through an outlet pipe 35 towards the lower wall 28 of the transfer head and thereby the transfer pipe 33 and standpipe 11.
  • the solid in the standpipe 11 is fluidized from the lower end by a metered stream of gas through inlet 36 (see also FIG. 3).
  • the solid flow down the stand ⁇ pipe 11, due to the head of solid in the standpipe, is countercurrent to the flow of gas fluidizing the solid up the standpipe.
  • the valve assembly 17 has a V-valve 37 which has its inlet 38 connected to the standpipe 11 and its outlet 39 connected to a transfer tube 40.
  • a V-valve is a non-mechanical valve as described by Liu, J.L., Li, X.G. and Kwauk, M.S. in "Pneumatically Controlled Multistage Fluidized Beds” in Grace, J.R. and Matsen, J.M. (ed.) "Fluidization” 485-492, Plenum Press, New York (1980). (It will be readily apparent to the skilled addressee that other types of non-mechanical valves e.g. L-valves, and
  • J-valves can also be used without departing from the present invention.
  • Gas at a higher pressure, is fed into the inlet 41 at the lower end of the transfer tube 40 and the solid is entrained in the gas and flows up the riser 15 to be transferred to the next standpipe 12 via the transfer head 20 at the top of the riser 15.
  • the solid flows down the standpipe 12, up the riser 16 and down the standpipe 13- '
  • the solid flows through a V-valve 37 into a receiver 42 which is at or above the desired highest pressure and the solid in the receiver 42 is metered to the reactor 43 through an isolating valve 44.
  • valves 45 in the gas outlets 46 of the standpipes which are controlled by automatic pressure controllers 47 in the gas outlet 30 of the preceding risers 14-16 respectively.
  • the pressure in the receiver 42 is controlled by a valve 48 which may be provided with an automatic controller (not shown).
  • the gas outlets 46 and 30 of the standpipe 13 and riser 16 may be connected to the inlets 36 and 41 of the standpipe 12 and riser 15, respectively, which are at a lower pressure and a similar arrangement may be provided between standpipes 12 and 11 and risers 15 and 14.
  • the bulk density of solid in each standpipe 11-13 is controlled to a valve close to that at minimum fluid- ization to permit maximum pressure gain in the stand ⁇ pipes due to the head of solid in each standpipe. This is achieved by controlling the gas flow rate through the inlets 36 into each of the standpipes 11-13 and by the use of a number of differential pressure controllers 48 (see FIG. 1).
  • the pressure difference between a short section of standpipe 13 is measured by the controller 49 and the magnitude of any pressure fluctuation is con ⁇ trolled automatically to an acceptable level by venting a small amount of gas through the control valve 50.
  • the acceptable level of pressure fluctuation corresponds to that measured in a fluidized bed near minimum fluidiz- ation velocity.
  • each of the standpipes will have one or mere differential pressure controllers 48. While FIG. 1 shows a system with three stand- pipes, there is no limit to the number of stand ⁇ pipes to be used in the device.
  • the total pressure gain (defined as the pressure in the receiver 42 minus the pressure in the feed hopper 22) is dependent on the height and the number of standpipes.
  • the pressure gain in each standpipe is proportional to the height of the standpipe (i.e. the head of solid) and the solid density.
  • the weight of the solid in each standpipe may generate a pressure gain at the lower end of the standpipe relative to the upper end of e.g. 0.75 atmospheres, which is partially offset by the pressure loss of e.g.
  • the total pressure gain for the standpipe is e.g. 0.65 atmospheres.
  • a small pressure loss may also be incurred as the solids are transported up the risers to the next standpipe.
  • the overall increase in pressure for each standpipe and riser pair may be e.g. 0.5-1 atmospheres and so the required pressure gain between the receiver 42 (or reactor 43) and the hopper 22 is obtained by the provision of sufficient standpipe and riser pairs so that their additive pressure gains equal, or exceed, the required pressure gain.
  • valve assembly 17 in FIGS. 3 and 4 embodies the use of a V-valve 37 between standpipe and riser.
  • V-valve 37 between standpipe and riser.
  • other non-mechanical valves such as an L-valve, a J-valve, or mechanical valves, such as slide valves, can be used in place of the V-valve 37 without departing from the present embodi- ment.
  • the device can operate over a range of solid flowrates and a range of pressure gains by vary ⁇ ing the pressure set points of the pressure controllers and by operating at different levels of solid in a standpipe.
  • Practical application for the invention include the general pneumatic conveying of solids (e.g. flyash, wheat and sand) and injecting solids into chemical reactors (e.g. gasifiers) which may be at pressures upto e.g. 10 atmospheres.
  • solids e.g. flyash, wheat and sand
  • chemical reactors e.g. gasifiers
  • the hopper 22 may be mounted above, and connected to, the upper end of the first standpipe 11.
  • this arrangement requires greater headroom in the installation and so the use of a riser 14 between the hopper 22 and first stand ⁇ pipe 11, as shown, is preferred.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'alimentation de solides particulaires pour transporter des solides depuis une trémie d'alimentation en vrac (22) ayant une pression atmosphérique, par exemple, jusqu'à un réacteur ou récipient (43) ayant une pression plus élevée comprend une pluralité de paires de tubes piézométriques (11-13) et de colonnes montantes (14-16). Des particules solides fluidisées s'écoulent dans les tubes piézométriques (11-13), à contrecourant de l'écoulement de gaz par les orifices d'admission (36), jusqu'aux extrémités inférieures des tubes piézométriques (11-13). Les particules solides sont transférées aux extrémités inférieures des colonnes montantes adjacentes (14-16) par des soupapes en V (37) afin d'être transportées dans les colonnes montantes (14-16) par l'écoulement de gaz qui s'élève dans les colonnes montantes par les orifices d'admission (41) formés à leur extrémité inférieure.
EP19850905601 1984-11-14 1985-11-14 Dispositif d'alimentation de solides particulaires Withdrawn EP0236320A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU8111/84 1984-11-14
AU811184 1984-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0236320A1 true EP0236320A1 (fr) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=3698773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850905601 Withdrawn EP0236320A1 (fr) 1984-11-14 1985-11-14 Dispositif d'alimentation de solides particulaires

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0236320A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62501410A (fr)
WO (1) WO1986002912A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0315972D0 (en) * 2003-07-08 2003-08-13 Ishida Europ Ltd Packaging Apparatus
US20090110517A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-04-30 Leon Yuan Catalyst Flow Control Device for Transfer of Solids Between Two Vessels
US7829031B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-11-09 Brunob Ii B.V. Methods and systems for multistage processing of fluidized particulate solids
WO2016209649A1 (fr) * 2015-06-24 2016-12-29 Uop Llc Transfert de catalyseur en continu à pression ultra-basse sans trémie à sas

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR953301A (fr) * 1946-10-17 1949-12-05 Fuller Co Procédé et dispositif de manutention des matières en poudre
US2499766A (en) * 1948-11-30 1950-03-07 Lester R Macleod Dust conveying
FR2236758B1 (fr) * 1973-07-02 1978-12-29 Pechiney Aluminium
NL7514128A (nl) * 1975-12-04 1977-06-07 Shell Int Research Werkwijze en inrichting voor de partiele verbran- ding van koolpoeder.
AU559450B2 (en) * 1977-05-18 1987-03-12 Aluminium Pechiney A method of self-regulation for a pneumatic conveyor
DE3460520D1 (en) * 1983-02-14 1986-10-02 Shell Int Research Process for transporting particulate material

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8602912A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62501410A (ja) 1987-06-11
WO1986002912A1 (fr) 1986-05-22

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Inventor name: LEUNG, LEUNG, SUN

Inventor name: CHONG, YAT-ON

Inventor name: LEE, PETER, LESLIE