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EP0223922A1 - Procédé de fabrication de feuilles de papier imprégnées avec des résines artificielles sous forme de solutions et dispersions - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de feuilles de papier imprégnées avec des résines artificielles sous forme de solutions et dispersions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0223922A1
EP0223922A1 EP86110511A EP86110511A EP0223922A1 EP 0223922 A1 EP0223922 A1 EP 0223922A1 EP 86110511 A EP86110511 A EP 86110511A EP 86110511 A EP86110511 A EP 86110511A EP 0223922 A1 EP0223922 A1 EP 0223922A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
paper web
dispersion
mixture
impregnation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86110511A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0223922B2 (fr
EP0223922B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Dr. Ing. Reinhardt
Helmut Ing. Grad. Dottermusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kammerer GmbH
Original Assignee
Kammerer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6286484&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0223922(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Kammerer GmbH filed Critical Kammerer GmbH
Priority to AT86110511T priority Critical patent/ATE59416T1/de
Publication of EP0223922A1 publication Critical patent/EP0223922A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0223922B1 publication Critical patent/EP0223922B1/fr
Publication of EP0223922B2 publication Critical patent/EP0223922B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
    • D21H17/42—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups anionic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing paper webs impregnated with synthetic resins in the form of solutions and dispersions.
  • PVC films are e.g. B. glued on chipboard and then are made of this composite material in accordance with furniture engineering principles furniture parts or housings in one operation, d. H. that one cuts into the chipboard V-shaped grooves and then folds or bends the plates in these grooves and so produces housing, furniture part or the like in one operation.
  • a disadvantage of this process is that the PVC film must be subjected to a corresponding surface treatment, for example a corona treatment, before it can be used directly and in order to achieve good printability.
  • the chipboard must have a very clean and smooth surface so that economically justifiable results can be achieved (application of thin foils).
  • the PVC film has a very unfavorable dimensional stability (expansion / shrinkage behavior) when there are temperature changes, has low tear resistance, has low light stability and has high electrostatic chargeability and softening at 75 to 85 ° C .
  • HCl separation When heated to more than 120 ° C, HCl separation also takes place.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to produce a sheet-like, synthetic resin-containing, sheet-like material which does not have the disadvantages of the commonly used pure plastic film, moreover has good flexibility, has water resistance and resistance to solvents as well as internal strength and good dimensional stability when exposed to moisture and temperature changes.
  • Impregnating resin solutions are resins based on urea, melamine and phenolic resins and contain formaldehyde and lead to brittle products.
  • DE-OS 30 24 394 describes a process for producing a plastic tournament in a paper machine, in which the paper web in the dryer section is provided with an impregnation which is carried out in the size press.
  • the impregnation of the paper web with the impregnation liquid which is not described in any more detail, in the press is only complete when the paper web is already pre-impregnated, so that additional devices are also required here.
  • the problem is now solved in that the paper web is formed from a cellulose fiber mixture of high absorbency and strength, which is ground to a grinding degree of at most 35 ° SR and the impregnation liquid consists of a mixture of aqueous, anionic copolymer dispersions and aqueous, anionic polymeric solutions with a pH between 7.5 and 10 and the application is carried out with a size press in the dryer section of the paper machine.
  • the pH is preferably between 8 and 9.
  • the pulp of the paper web preferably consists of eucalyptus pulp and pine wood sulfate pulp in a ratio of 50:50 to 10:90, preferably 30:70 to 15:85.
  • the degree of grinding is preferably between 15 and 25 ° SR .
  • the fillers are to be understood as white pigments e.g. B. TiO2, chalk, kaolin.
  • Formaldehyde-free wet strength agent in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the atro fibrous material, in the form of, for example, polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin resin and addition of a synthetic resin dispersion, for example based on acrylic acid ester, has proven particularly advantageous in the sense of the invention or styrene-butadiene in an amount of 1 to 20%, based on dry fiber and a small addition of surfactants for better wettability of the paper, in an amount of ⁇ 0.5% based on dry fiber.
  • the dispersed particles are preferably less than 0.2 ⁇ m and of low to medium film hardness and a low minimum Film formation temperature, preferably below 30 ° C.
  • the ratio between the two copolymers of the dispersion and the solution is preferably 500: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 100: 1 to 10: 1, based on the active substance, ie. H. 500 parts of dispersion in 1 part of solution to 10 parts of dispersion in 1 part of solution.
  • plastics for.
  • the brittle character of the impregnated paper can be reduced by using the mixture according to the invention with a portion of impregnating resin solution.
  • auxiliaries such as wetting agents, viscosity regulators, non-stick and penetration aids, pigments, dyes and defoamers can also be added to these impregnation substance mixtures.
  • Substances are used as wetting and penetration agents that change the interfacial tension between the liquid phase and solid phase, e.g. B. surfactants and emulsifiers.
  • the penetration of the impregnation liquid can be advantageously influenced by a combination of maleic acid copolymers and these substances which change the interfacial tension.
  • this impregnation substance is used in the form of a mixture of solution and dispersion with a solids content of 5 to 60%, the viscosity being between 10 and 60 s (according to DIN cup, 4 mm).
  • This impregnation and coating mixture is applied to the nonwoven within the paper machine in a roller application device (size press).
  • a roller application device size press
  • the nonwoven fabric with a dry matter content of 98 to 92% is fed through a size press and the impregnation is carried out on both sides.
  • a further one-sided or double-sided surface covering ie. H. Coating
  • the nonwoven fabric can be carried out within the paper machine with the same or a similarly structured copolymer mixture, intermediate drying should take place between the two individual process stages.
  • a subsequently applied coating on one side of the dried web results in a denser surface which is easier to print or coat or laminate. If only a further one-sided surface coating is carried out, this can be carried out by means of a doctor application device. One-sided rolling of the coated paper web can be avoided by an additional application on the back.
  • Such an application can be, for example, a strongly aqueous solution of starch or CMC.
  • An additional smoothing of the impregnated and coated on one side z. B. with known smoothing machines or in a separate operation in a calender increases the desired printability and paintability of the coated side.
  • This fibrous film of different thicknesses and different bulk densities produced in this way is particularly suitable in a firm bond with a relatively rigid and rigid base, e.g. B. chipboard, as a decorative and protective covering of furniture parts such. B. television and radio housings or hi-fi towers (housing casing).
  • a relatively rigid and rigid base e.g. B. chipboard
  • the fiber-containing film produced according to the invention of high flexibility, dimensional stability with temperature changes and with good barrier properties against water and solvent is also excellently suitable for other purposes such as, for. B. as the base material of high quality sanding paper for wet sanding, printing and advertising media, decorative wall material (e.g. flame retardant pigmented or unpigmented dimensionally stable wallpaper), adhesive tapes, backing paper z. B. for floor coverings.
  • decorative wall material e.g. flame retardant pigmented or unpigmented dimensionally stable wallpaper
  • adhesive tapes e.g. flame retardant pigmented or unpigmented dimensionally stable wallpaper
  • a base paper of the following composition and quality was produced as two-ply paper on a duplex paper machine: 80% pine wood sulfate pulp 20% eucalyptus pulp Freeness 30 ° SR (Schopper-Riegler) Additives, commercially available (calculated on dry cellulose): 1% talc 3% formaldehyde-free wet strength agent 0.3% wetting and dispersing agent
  • This base paper with a mass per unit area of 90 g / m 2 was impregnated on both sides with the synthetic resin mixture of dispersion and solution in a ratio of 20: 1 in a size press.
  • the surprisingly strong impregnation effect with this synthetic resin mixture according to the invention is probably due to a synergistic effect of the dispersion and solution used, which, when used alone, are far from the same desired good Allow paper properties to be achieved.
  • a pure synthetic resin dispersion reduces the due to its good film-forming properties Most water absorption, but the penetration into the base paper is insufficient. This is demonstrated by the only slightly improved values with regard to layer strength and rigidity.
  • wet strength agent does not cause any significant change in the properties of the impregnated paper.
  • the medium-hard synthetic resin dispersion (5) was replaced by a hard dispersion with a particle size of approximately 0.15 ⁇ m, minimum film-forming temperature approximately 25 ° C.
  • This dispersion was an aqueous copolymer dispersion based on acrylic acid ester and styrene.
  • Combinations of synthetic resin dispersions and impregnating resins such as. B. urea-formaldehyde resin, as are common for the impregnation of decorative base paper in separate impregnation plants, lead to the improvement of the properties of the base paper.
  • the type of synthetic resin dispersions used essentially determines the liquor absorption, porosity, water absorption and layer strength of the paper (see recipes 8 and 10).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
EP86110511A 1985-11-21 1986-07-30 Procédé de fabrication de feuilles de papier imprégnées avec des résines artificielles sous forme de solutions et dispersions Expired - Lifetime EP0223922B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86110511T ATE59416T1 (de) 1985-11-21 1986-07-30 Verfahren zur herstellung von mit kunstharzen in form von loesungen und dispersionen impraegnierten papierbahnen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3541187 1985-11-21
DE3541187A DE3541187C2 (de) 1985-11-21 1985-11-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mit Kunstharzen imprägnierten Papierbahn sowie deren Verwendung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0223922A1 true EP0223922A1 (fr) 1987-06-03
EP0223922B1 EP0223922B1 (fr) 1990-12-27
EP0223922B2 EP0223922B2 (fr) 1997-10-29

Family

ID=6286484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86110511A Expired - Lifetime EP0223922B2 (fr) 1985-11-21 1986-07-30 Procédé de fabrication de feuilles de papier imprégnées avec des résines artificielles sous forme de solutions et dispersions

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0223922B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0726355B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE59416T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1329072C (fr)
DD (1) DD259885A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3541187C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2000141A6 (fr)
FI (1) FI86902C (fr)
NO (1) NO174725C (fr)
PT (1) PT83153B (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0261316A1 (fr) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-30 Kämmerer Gmbh Procédé de fabrication de papiers résistants au jaunissement en particulier en présence de l'action de la chaleur
DE19728250A1 (de) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-07 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats und dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Dekorverbundgebilden
EP0889168A3 (fr) * 1997-07-02 2000-03-01 Koehler decor GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication de préimprégnés, et utilisation de ceux-ci pour faire des laminés décoratifs
DE19946151A1 (de) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das danach hergestellte Vorimprägnat sowie dessen Verwendung
WO2001077438A1 (fr) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispersion polymere pour l'impregnation de papier
WO2002079571A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Kronospan Technical Company Ltd. Papier permettant la realisation de panneaux, et procede de production de papier
DE102008041296A1 (de) 2007-08-22 2009-03-19 Basf Se Wässriges Imprägniermittel für Rohpapier
DE102013114420A1 (de) 2012-12-23 2014-06-26 Michael Jokiel Imprägnierflotte zur Imprägnierung eines Rohpapieres
CN109489104A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-19 南京新莱尔材料科技有限公司 一种可供室内供暖的发热墙纸及其制造方法

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4413619C2 (de) * 1993-12-02 1996-09-26 Wkp Wuerttembergische Kunststo Verfahren zum Herstellen von Papier und von Laminaten
DE10104820C1 (de) * 2001-02-01 2002-08-08 Erfurt & Sohn Kg Wandbekleidung
RU2318943C1 (ru) * 2006-07-12 2008-03-10 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Гознак" (Фгуп "Гознак") Способ изготовления бумаги, устойчивой к загрязнению
NL1036705C2 (nl) 2009-03-13 2010-09-14 Trespa Int Bv Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een met hars geïmpregneerd decorpapier alsmede een decorpaneel.
DE102009043958A1 (de) * 2009-09-07 2011-03-17 Michael Wiederschein Imprägnierter Werkstoff sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines imprägnierten Werkstoffs
DE102010016864B4 (de) † 2010-05-10 2018-09-27 Papierfabrik Julius Schulte Söhne GmbH & Co. KG Faserstoffhaltiges Kernpapier, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung
NL2007494C2 (nl) 2011-09-28 2013-04-02 Trespa Int Bv Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een decoratieve film alsmede een decorpaneel.
DE102011122012B4 (de) * 2011-12-22 2017-04-06 Neenah Gessner Gmbh Imprägniertes Schleifrohpapier, Verfahren zur Herstellung von imprägniertem Schleifrohpapier und dessen Verwendung
NL2011719C2 (en) 2013-11-01 2015-05-04 Trespa Int Bv A decorative panel.
NL2014060B1 (en) 2014-12-24 2016-09-30 Trespa Int Bv A method for producing a printed decorative paper.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026217A (en) * 1958-04-11 1962-03-20 Kimberly Clark Co Fiber products and methods of manufacturing comprising base sheet of cellulose fibers saturated with a mixture comprising elastomeric polymer and polar adjunct polymer having carboxylic acid functional group
DE2551479A1 (de) * 1974-11-20 1976-05-26 Billingsfors Bruks Ab Verfahren zur herstellung einer impraegnierten folie mit oberflaechennachbehandlung
DE2034263B2 (de) * 1970-07-10 1977-04-07 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Modifizierte, anionische papierleimungsmittel
DE2949306A1 (de) * 1979-12-07 1981-06-11 Letron GmbH, 8750 Aschaffenburg Kunststoff-furnier sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines kunststoff-furnieres
DE3024394A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-21 Letron GmbH, 8750 Aschaffenburg Verfahren zur herstellung eines kunststoff-furnieres in einer papiermaschine

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DE2254781C2 (de) * 1972-11-09 1980-10-16 Roehm Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt Verwendung kationischer Kunststoffdispersionen zur Stoffleimung von Papier
JPS5324106B2 (fr) * 1974-05-25 1978-07-19
DE2550980C3 (de) * 1975-11-13 1979-12-13 Roehm Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Imprägnieren von saugfähigen Rohpapieren
JPS5942303B2 (ja) * 1976-05-25 1984-10-13 株式会社巴川製紙所 第二原図用紙
JPS54120713A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-09-19 Hoechst Gosei Kk Treating agent and method for rendering paper transparent
DE3015733C2 (de) * 1980-04-24 1982-07-01 Beiersdorf Ag, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Herstellung imprägnierter glatter oder gekreppter Papiere in einem Arbeitsgang auf der Papiermaschine und deren Verwendung als Trägermaterial für druckempfindliche Klebstoffschichten
DE3202122A1 (de) * 1982-01-23 1983-07-28 Röhm GmbH, 6100 Darmstadt Verfahen zum verfestigen von fasergebilden mittels waessriger kunststoffdispersionen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026217A (en) * 1958-04-11 1962-03-20 Kimberly Clark Co Fiber products and methods of manufacturing comprising base sheet of cellulose fibers saturated with a mixture comprising elastomeric polymer and polar adjunct polymer having carboxylic acid functional group
DE2034263B2 (de) * 1970-07-10 1977-04-07 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Modifizierte, anionische papierleimungsmittel
DE2551479A1 (de) * 1974-11-20 1976-05-26 Billingsfors Bruks Ab Verfahren zur herstellung einer impraegnierten folie mit oberflaechennachbehandlung
DE2949306A1 (de) * 1979-12-07 1981-06-11 Letron GmbH, 8750 Aschaffenburg Kunststoff-furnier sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines kunststoff-furnieres
DE3024394A1 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-21 Letron GmbH, 8750 Aschaffenburg Verfahren zur herstellung eines kunststoff-furnieres in einer papiermaschine

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ABSTRACT BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, Band 53, Nr. 9, M{rz 1983, Seite 1070, Zusammenfassung Nr. 9942, Appleton, Wisconsin, US; & JP-A-82 597/82 (KOHJIN CO. LTD) 24-05-1982 *
ABSTRACT BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, Band 55, Nr. 9, M{rz 1985, Seite 1046, Zusammenfassung Nr. 9868, Appleton, Wisconsin, US; R. VALLS ENRICH: "Use of polyacrylamides in paper ÄasÜ additives for increasing dry strength", & PROD. QUIM. AUXIL. IND. PAPELERA (CURSO) 1982, 139-152 (publ. 1984) *
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 98, Nr. 18, 2. Mai 1983, Seite 108, Zusammenfassung Nr. 145318t, Columbus, Ohio, US; & JP-A-57 173 163 (KOHJIN CO., LTD) 25-10-1982 *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0261316A1 (fr) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-30 Kämmerer Gmbh Procédé de fabrication de papiers résistants au jaunissement en particulier en présence de l'action de la chaleur
DE19728250C2 (de) * 1997-07-02 2002-01-17 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das damit erhaltene Vorimprägnat und dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Dekorverbundgebilden
DE19728250A1 (de) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-07 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats und dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Dekorverbundgebilden
EP0889168A3 (fr) * 1997-07-02 2000-03-01 Koehler decor GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication de préimprégnés, et utilisation de ceux-ci pour faire des laminés décoratifs
DE19758479C2 (de) * 1997-07-02 2002-07-11 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Imprägnierflotte
DE19946151A1 (de) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das danach hergestellte Vorimprägnat sowie dessen Verwendung
DE19946151B4 (de) * 1999-09-27 2005-09-08 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das danach hergestellte Vorimprägnat sowie dessen Verwendung
DE19946151C5 (de) * 1999-09-27 2010-02-04 Koehler Decor Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das danach hergestellte Vorimprägnat sowie dessen Verwendung
WO2001077438A1 (fr) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispersion polymere pour l'impregnation de papier
US6767646B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2004-07-27 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polymer dispersion for impregnating paper
WO2002079571A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Kronospan Technical Company Ltd. Papier permettant la realisation de panneaux, et procede de production de papier
DE102008041296A1 (de) 2007-08-22 2009-03-19 Basf Se Wässriges Imprägniermittel für Rohpapier
DE102013114420A1 (de) 2012-12-23 2014-06-26 Michael Jokiel Imprägnierflotte zur Imprägnierung eines Rohpapieres
CN109489104A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-19 南京新莱尔材料科技有限公司 一种可供室内供暖的发热墙纸及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI863177A0 (fi) 1986-08-04
DE3541187C2 (de) 1994-10-06
DD259885A5 (de) 1988-09-07
ATE59416T1 (de) 1991-01-15
FI863177L (fi) 1987-05-22
CA1329072C (fr) 1994-05-03
EP0223922B2 (fr) 1997-10-29
PT83153A (en) 1986-09-01
JPS62125097A (ja) 1987-06-06
ES2000141A6 (es) 1987-12-16
NO174725C (no) 1994-06-22
PT83153B (pt) 1988-07-29
FI86902B (fi) 1992-07-15
NO863075L (no) 1987-05-22
FI86902C (fi) 1992-10-26
EP0223922B1 (fr) 1990-12-27
NO863075D0 (no) 1986-07-30
DE3676648D1 (de) 1991-02-07
NO174725B (no) 1994-03-14
JPH0726355B2 (ja) 1995-03-22
DE3541187C1 (de) 1987-06-11

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