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EP0204793A1 - Procede de fabrication de formes complexes a partir de composites de materiaux thermoplastiques plats armes de fibres - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de formes complexes a partir de composites de materiaux thermoplastiques plats armes de fibres

Info

Publication number
EP0204793A1
EP0204793A1 EP86900180A EP86900180A EP0204793A1 EP 0204793 A1 EP0204793 A1 EP 0204793A1 EP 86900180 A EP86900180 A EP 86900180A EP 86900180 A EP86900180 A EP 86900180A EP 0204793 A1 EP0204793 A1 EP 0204793A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheets
fibres
temperature
thermoplastics material
metal mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86900180A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Glenville Doe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HR Smith Technical Developments Ltd
Original Assignee
HR Smith Technical Developments Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HR Smith Technical Developments Ltd filed Critical HR Smith Technical Developments Ltd
Publication of EP0204793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0204793A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0003—Producing profiled members, e.g. beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/02—Bending or folding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/344—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/438—Joining sheets for making hollow-walled, channelled structures or multi-tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D24/00—Producing articles with hollow walls
    • B29D24/002—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled
    • B29D24/004—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled the structure having vertical or oblique ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • B29K2105/256—Sheets, plates, blanks or films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2024/00—Articles with hollow walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/001—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections
    • B29L2031/003—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections having a profiled transverse cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the manufacture of complex shaped structures in fibres reinforced high or low tempe ⁇ rature thermoplastics material.
  • fibres reinforcement encompasses fibres in the form of filaments or tows of filaments, mats of filaments or tows of filaments and cloths made,e.g. by laying up, knitting or weaving, filaments or tows of filaments.
  • thermoplastics materials with or without fibres reinforcement
  • various methods of making them have been proposed.
  • the methods involve matching tools with high temperature and pressure to consolidate the materials in, for example film stacking processes; in which layers of fibres reinforce ⁇ ments (which may or may not be pre-impregnated with the polymer material) are laid up in the mould and one or more layers of the polymer material in sheet form are interposed, if needed, between adjacent ones of the sheets of fibres reinforcements.
  • the fibres are relatively inex- tensible and incompressible and the sheet material containing them cannot be shaped in this way - unless the fibres of the fibres reinforcement extend uni-directionally within the matrix material and the axis of the fold or bend (the axis about which the bend or fold is formed) extends in a direc ⁇ tion parallel to the direction in which the fibres in the fibres reinforcement extend.
  • the invention proposes a novel way of overcoming this problem in thermoplastics materials reinforced with non- unidirectionally arrayed fibres reinforcement and which may with advantage be used in bending or folding thermoplastics materials reinforced with a unidirectionally arrayed fibre reinforcement on an axis not parallel to the direction in which the fibres extend.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a method of making a complex shaped fibre reinforced thermoplastics material structure in which: a flat sheet of fibres rein- forced thermoplastics material is locally heated to a tem ⁇ perature at which the polymer material therein is plasticised, the sheet thereafter being manipulated so that it is bent or folded at the area at which it was heated with ones of said fibres of said reinforcement extending about the axis of the said bend within the outermost layer of said fibres reinforcement remaining intact and forming, with said polymer material a bead extending along the length of said bend or fold.
  • thermo- plastics matrix material e.g. low temperature thermoplastics materials such as polystyrene
  • high temperature aromatic polymer material materials such as polysulphone, polyethersulphone, polyetheretherketone, a polyamide or the like.
  • the fibres reinforcement may with advantage be of glass, carbon or quartz and the fibres therein may be multi- directionally disposed or uni-directionally disposed and extending in a direction about the axis of the said bend or fold.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides method of making a complex shaped thermoplastics material article formed by joining pre-shaped sheets made in accordance with the above noted first aspect of the invention with other similarly pre-shaped sheets and/or flat sheets.
  • the sheets to be joined are locally heated in the areas at which they are to be joined whilst being held in abutment until those areas are plasticised and then holding those areas together as the sheets cool to a temperature below the glass 5 transition temperature of the thermoplastics matrix material
  • One method in accordance with the second aspect of the invention provides that the local heating is effected by platens held in contact with one or both sides of the sheets to be conjoined.
  • An alternative method in. accordance with the second aspect of the invention provides that the local heating is effected by interposing resistive metal mesh between the areas of the sheets held in abutment and passing to that metal mesh an electric current sufficient to raise the tem- 5 perature thereof above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastics material being used, after cooling the metal mesh being trimmed such that the portion of the metal mesh left in the complex structure becomes an integral part thereof.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a complex shaped fibres reinforced thermoplastics material structure made in accordance with the first and second aspects noted above.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows at A an end view, and at B a side view of apparatus used in the method of the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates schematically the bending of a fibres reinforced plastics material in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows an alternative form of the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • FIGS 4 to 7 schematically illustrate ways of making various other complex shapes embodying the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows at 10 an electrically resistive heating element coupled via a switch 12 to a low voltage/high current source 14 (such as an arc-welding transformer) by means of which, when switch 12 is closed, element 10 may be heated to a temperature at which the polymer material in a fibres reinforced flat sheet 16 to be worked is plasticised
  • a low voltage/high current source 14 such as an arc-welding transformer
  • One side 18 of the fibres reinforced material sheet 16 is, in accordance with the invention, brought into close proximity - but not into contact - with the element 10. After a time, dependent upon the polymer material and the ⁇
  • the sheet 6 is reversed so that the side 20 thereof is brought into proximity with the element 10 and heated.
  • the sheet 16 may be supported, if desired, on a rigid platform such as shown at 22.
  • thermoplastic material of sheet 16 adjacent the element 10 has been heated to a temperature at which it is plasticised.
  • the material may be folded or bent about an axis C so that its inner surface, e.g. surface 20 is raised to form a bead or roll 24 on the 'inside' of the fold.
  • the sheet 16 is removed from proximity with element 10 (if necessary being held to retain the shape that has been imparted to it) and allowed to cool to a temperature below its glass transition temperature. Further bends may be formed in the sheet material if desired.
  • the longitu dinal fibres are relatively unaffected by the manipulation and retain the restrictive effect they have on the lateral fibres; the outermost ones of which are merely bent and not stretched whilst those within the outermost layer are all to some extent bent in a sense opposite to that of the bend which has been formed in sheet 16 - the inner- most ones of the lateral fibres in the reinforcement forming a loop which with the polymer material forms the bead or roll 24.
  • the heating element 10 is replaced with two heating elements 26 disposed on either side of the sheet 16 enabling both of its surfaces 18 and 20 to be heated at the same time.
  • the ele ⁇ ments 26 may be coupled to the power supply 14 by a single switch (as described with reference to Figure 1 ) or by two switches 28 as shown in Figure 3. It is thought that such an arrangement has particular advantage when there is a need for the process to be performed relatively quickly (e.g. when making a plurality of similarly formed sheets which are to be further processed) and/or the sheets are thick.
  • thermoplastics material of the flat sheet in place of or in addition to the particular arrangement described above, e.g. the platform 22 may be provided at its edge with embedded heating means - electrical £5 heating elements or channels through which a heating medium (hot oil or the like) is passed.
  • a heating medium hot oil or the like
  • the folded sheet may be joined to other fibres reinforced sheets which may be flat, or of similar or different shaped forms, by any suitable techni-
  • a plurality of flat and/or shaped sheets may be welded together by the method illustrated schematically in Figure 4.
  • a second platen 50' may be located on the other side of the abutting ends of the sheets 42 as 0 shown at the bottom of Figure 4 so that both sides 52 and 54 of the sheets 42 ar directly heated if the desired oper ⁇ ational speed of the process and/or the thickness of the sheets 42 makes it necessary and/or desirable.
  • a sheet 60 which has been bent or folded three times to the particular shape shown is fixed to a flat sheet 62 in the following way.
  • the two sheets 60 and 62 are brought into abutment at the pos ⁇ ition they are to be joined with an interposed layer of a resistive metal mesh 64 (e.g. a 200-200 mesh of 0.002" Dia. Stainless Steel wire).
  • the mesh is coupled to a power supply (e.g. the power supply described with reference to
  • the heat generated in the mesh causes the hermo ⁇ plastics material in the. areas of the sheets contacted by the mesh to be plasticised.
  • Pressure is then applied to the sheets 60 and 62 (e.g. a pressure of the order of 300KPa. for polyethersulphone glass fibres reinforced sheets).
  • the power supply is disconnected and the joint allowed to cool, the pressure is then released, the ends of the mesh are trimmed and a permanent joint has been formed, the remaining mesh in the joint forming an integ- ral part of it.
  • the method illustrated in Figure 6 shows how a complex shape such as an I-beam may be formed.
  • two sheets 66 and 68 pre-formed by the method disclosed above to the 'C shape shown are positioned back- to-back with interposed metal mesh layers 69.
  • Flat sheets 70 and 72 of thermoplastics fibres reinforced material are positioned on the top and bottom respectively of the abutting sheets 66 and 68 as shown with interposed layers of metal mesh 76 and 78 as shown.
  • the various parts of the structure are held in a jig (not shown) and- current is passed to the metal mesh layers 69, 76 and 78. After sufficient heating the power supply to the metal mesh layers is disconnected and the structure allowed to cool. After cooling the structure is removed from the jig and the metal mesh layers trimmed and an I-beam which is in part metal mesh reinforced has been formed.
  • Figure 7 illustrates how complex shapes such as Box- section structures may be formed from flat sheets of thermo ⁇ plastics fibres reinforced materials with interposed sheets which have been pre-formed in accordance with the methods described with reference to figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • flat sheets 80 of thermoplastics fibre reinforced materials are layed up in a jig as shown on top and bottom of pre-shaped sheets 82 and 84 and with interposed metal mesh layers 86 at the areas of contact.
  • the metal mesh layers are heated by passing thereto a current for sufficient time to plasticise the thermoplastics polymer material adjacent the abutting surfaces of the sheets 80, 82 and 84. After heating the power supply is disconnected from the metal mesh and the structure allowed to cool to below its glass transition temperature. Once cool the structure is removed from the jig, the metal mesh trimmed and the complete Box- section article with integral metal mesh reinforced joints has been formed.
  • pre-shaped sheets with other similarly pre-shaped or flat sheets may of course be used, for example the sheets may be joined by chemical/ solvent welding techniques, adhesive bonding or in any other suitable way.
  • thermoplastics matrix material in them and are then held in those relative positions whilst the materials are allowed to cool below the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastics material. It will be appreciated that this can be accomplished in a continuous process in which the various parts are carried through a plant in which the different successive operations are carried out.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de forme complexe en matériau thermoplastique armé de fibres dans lequel: une feuille plate de matériau thermoplastique (16) armé de fibres est chauffée localement à une température à laquelle le matériau polymère qu'elle contient est plastifié, la feuille étant ensuite manipulée de manière à la cintrer ou à la plier au niveau de la zone de chauffage. Après cintrage, certaines desdites fibres d'armature s'étendant autour de l'axe de ladite courbure à l'intérieur de la couche le plus à l'extérieur de ladite armature demeurent intactes et forment, avec ledit matériau polymère, un bourrelet (24) s'étendant sur toute la longueur de ladite courbure ou du pli: sont décrits divers modes de jonctionnement des feuilles ainsi formées avec des feuilles de forme similaire ou des feuilles plates de matériaux thermoplastiques armés de fibres.
EP86900180A 1984-12-10 1985-12-06 Procede de fabrication de formes complexes a partir de composites de materiaux thermoplastiques plats armes de fibres Withdrawn EP0204793A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848431086A GB8431086D0 (en) 1984-12-10 1984-12-10 Complex shapes from thermoplastics material composites
GB8431086 1984-12-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204793A1 true EP0204793A1 (fr) 1986-12-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86900180A Withdrawn EP0204793A1 (fr) 1984-12-10 1985-12-06 Procede de fabrication de formes complexes a partir de composites de materiaux thermoplastiques plats armes de fibres

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0204793A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5234286A (fr)
GB (2) GB8431086D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986003451A1 (fr)

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GB2215262B (en) * 1986-07-23 1991-09-18 Superplank Pty Limited Method of constructing a scaffold plank
GB8622988D0 (en) * 1986-09-24 1986-10-29 Westland Plc Joining thermoplastic materials
US4887880A (en) * 1988-08-31 1989-12-19 Raynet Corporation Optical fiber connector structure
US5076873A (en) * 1988-11-04 1991-12-31 The Boeing Company Method for forming and curing an I-section workpiece
US7126096B1 (en) 1991-04-05 2006-10-24 Th Boeing Company Resistance welding of thermoplastics in aerospace structure
FR2691099B1 (fr) * 1992-05-13 1997-07-04 Dassault Aviat Dispositif pour solidariser entre eux des objets en materiaux composites par application simultanee de chaleur et de pression.
WO1996039326A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 The Boeing Company Soudage electrique par resistance de thermoplastiques dans une structure aerospatiale
US6036802A (en) * 1996-09-13 2000-03-14 The Boeing Company Thermoplastic panel bending
FR2876945B1 (fr) * 2004-10-27 2008-10-10 Mecaplast Sa Monegasque Piece thermoplastique renforcee
DE602006012926D1 (de) * 2006-01-17 2010-04-29 Mecaplast Sam Verstärkter Kunststoffgegenstand

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US1482569A (en) * 1922-01-16 1924-02-05 Berthold A Lange Box corner
US1872482A (en) * 1930-04-17 1932-08-16 Bull Dog Electric Products Com Process of bending laminated sheets
US2765716A (en) * 1955-04-12 1956-10-09 Andersson Nils Matrix for creasing paperboard for cartons
US3384695A (en) * 1965-04-26 1968-05-21 Impact Plastics Inc Method of making lug straps
US3329555A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-07-04 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Postformed resin shapes
US3731600A (en) * 1971-03-16 1973-05-08 Ex Cell O Corp Resilient female scoring
CH547692A (de) * 1972-09-27 1974-04-11 Benone Ag Verfahren zum herstellen von hohlprofilen, vorrichtung zum ausfuehren des verfahrens und nach dem verfahren hergestelltes hohlprofil.

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See references of WO8603451A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986003451A1 (fr) 1986-06-19
GB8431086D0 (en) 1985-01-16
AU5234286A (en) 1986-07-01
GB8530088D0 (en) 1986-01-15
GB2168643A (en) 1986-06-25
GB2168643B (en) 1988-09-28

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