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EP0294843B1 - Excavator - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0294843B1
EP0294843B1 EP88109305A EP88109305A EP0294843B1 EP 0294843 B1 EP0294843 B1 EP 0294843B1 EP 88109305 A EP88109305 A EP 88109305A EP 88109305 A EP88109305 A EP 88109305A EP 0294843 B1 EP0294843 B1 EP 0294843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boom
extension arm
slewing
excavator
main boom
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88109305A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0294843A1 (en
Inventor
Erich Sennebogen
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT88109305T priority Critical patent/ATE66986T1/en
Publication of EP0294843A1 publication Critical patent/EP0294843A1/en
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Publication of EP0294843B1 publication Critical patent/EP0294843B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/301Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom with more than two arms (boom included), e.g. two-part boom with additional dipper-arm
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/307Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom the boom and the dipper-arm being connected so as to permit relative movement in more than one plane
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an excavator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An excavator according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-4,077,140.
  • the advance boom is guided on the basic boom in a pivotable manner and, in addition, a bearing is provided, by means of which the preliminary boom can be pivoted relative to the basic boom about a substantially vertical axis.
  • the substantially vertical pivot axis between the outrigger and the basic boom is designed as a frame part which is guided in the horizontal axis on the basic boom side.
  • the excavator according to the invention is characterized in that a hydraulic drive for the outrigger is supported at a position on the forward side of the swivel joint between the base and advance arm and the horizontal swivel axis of the outrigger is arranged at the forward side on the position of the swivel joint, with a control member for the outrigger on the Control function of the hydraulic drive is switchable for the forward boom and the pivot axis of the swivel joint is vertical in a working position of the basic boom.
  • the horizontally extending pivot axis for the pitching movement of the jib is arranged relative to the basic boom at the position of the vertical swivel joint on the forward arm side and further in that in a working position of the basic boom that vertical swivel joint has a vertically running swivel axis, with the advance boom kinetics consisting of advance boom and boom arm with the excavator bucket attached to it, completely unhindered excavator operation is possible even when the basic boom is locked.
  • a control element for the basic boom can be switched over to the control function of the hydraulic drive for the forward boom, an excavation work can be carried out with the forward boom kinetics which corresponds to that which can be carried out with the active forward boom.
  • the forward boom takes over the corresponding lifting functions for the excavator bucket via its hydraulic drive. If, in a working position of the basic boom, the swivel joint for the buckling movement between the forward boom and the basic boom runs vertically, an exact excavation or digging can also be carried out outside the lane of the excavator according to the invention with the blocked basic boom using the forward boom kinetics, without the excavator bucket making circular evasive movements, because the swivel joint runs vertically and therefore trenches with exactly parallel and vertical walls can be excavated.
  • the feeder is manually rotatable in both directions about the swivel joint and lockable in any position.
  • the flexibility of the excavator according to the invention increases considerably since the position of the basic boom can also be changed and a vertical position of the swivel axis can nevertheless be achieved.
  • an excavator 2 has a chassis 4 and a superstructure 6 consisting of a driver's cab 8 and a motor housing 10 in a known manner.
  • a basic boom 12 which can be swiveled up and down and which has a swivel joint 14 at its free end.
  • the swivel joint 14 has a swivel axis 16 which, in a defined working position of the basic boom 12 according to FIG. 1, runs perpendicular to the standing surface of the excavator 2.
  • the swivel joint 14 consists of a frame part 18, which is provided on the side of the basic boom 12, and of a frame part 20, which is rotatably connected to the frame part 18, and on which a forward extension arm 24 is pivotally guided via a swivel joint 22.
  • a cantilever arm 26 is pivotally mounted, which can be moved via a hydraulic drive 28 and carries a support lever 30 at its free end for actuating an excavator bucket 32.
  • FIG. 1 The vertical range of movement of the excavator bucket 32 with the pivot axis 16 standing vertically is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
  • a hydraulic device 34 is used to drive the advance arm 24, which is supported at one end by the advance arm 24 and at the other end by the frame part 20.
  • the excavator 2 In a neutral position of the swivel joint 14, ie in a position in which the longitudinal axes of the basic boom 12 and the forward boom 24 are aligned, the excavator 2 can be operated as a normal backhoe, the basic boom 12 not being shown in the drawing Hydraulic drives, the advance arm 24 are operated via the hydraulic drive 34 and the extension arm 26 via the hydraulic drive 28.
  • the swivel joint 14 is brought from its neutral position into a pivoted position, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the forward boom 24 is pivoted relative to the basic boom 12 about the swivel joint 14.
  • the pivoting of the advance boom 24 relative to the basic boom 12 can be carried out either by hand or by hydraulic drives 36 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the base boom 12 is brought into a position according to FIG. 1, in which the pivot axis 16 of the pivot joint 14 is perpendicular to the standing surface of the excavator 2.
  • the excavator 2 according to the invention is not only for implementation normal dredging and vertical dredging suitable in parallel to its lane, since a large number of working positions can be achieved due to the relative adjustability of the forward boom 24 to the basic boom 12.
  • forward boom 24 can assume any other intermediate position apart from the relative position to the basic boom 12 according to FIG. 2.
  • the swivel joint 14 should be blocked when the desired relative position of the advance boom 24 to the basic boom 12 has been reached.
  • control element such as. B. a control lever for the basic boom on the hydraulic drive 34 for the advance 24 to switch.
  • control and movement of the forward boom, which then carries out the lifting work, is thus made easier when the basic boom is blocked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

An excavator (2) has a main boom (12) as well as a front boom (24) and an extension arm (26) with a bucket (32) fastened thereto. Arranged between the main boom (12) and the front boom (24) is a pivot joint (14) which has a perpendicular pivoting axis (16) at a defined working position of the main boom (12). The front boom (24) can be pivoted relative to the main boom (12) by the pivot joint (14) so that trenching work parallel to the longitudinal axis of the excavator (2) is also possible outside the track width of the excavator (2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bagger nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an excavator according to the preamble of claim 1.

Um entlang von Mauern oder parallel neben einer Fahrspur Baggerarbeiten durchführen zu können, wurden bislang Spezialgeräte verwendet, bei denen der Ausleger des Baggers gegenüber dem Oberwagen, bestehend aus Fahrerkanzel und Motorgehäuse, um eine senkrechte Achse schwenkbar ist. Bei größeren Baggern ist eine derartige Verschwenkung des Auslegers aber nicht sinnvoll anzuwenden. So wurde bisher bei größeren Baggern der sogenannte Vorausleger um eine senkrechte Achse verschwenkt und arretiert. Mit einer darauffolgenden Verschwenkung des Oberwagens kann so eine ungefähre Annäherung an Mauern oder dergleichen erreicht werden. Da jedoch auch bei dieser Ausführungsform dem Grundausleger die Hubarbeit obliegt, wird selbst bei Schrägstellung des Oberwagens eine senkrechte Grabarbeit parallel an Mauern oder neben Fahrspuren nur bedingt ermöglicht.In order to be able to carry out excavation work along walls or parallel to a lane, special equipment has been used so far in which the boom of the excavator can be pivoted about a vertical axis relative to the superstructure, consisting of the driver's cab and the motor housing. In the case of larger excavators, such a swiveling of the boom is not sensible to use. So far, the so-called advance arm has been pivoted and locked around a vertical axis in larger excavators. With a subsequent swiveling of the superstructure, an approximate approach to walls or the like can be achieved. However, since lifting work is also the responsibility of the basic boom in this embodiment, vertical digging parallel to walls or next to lanes is only possible to a limited extent even when the uppercarriage is tilted.

Es sind kleinere Spezialgeräte, sogenannte Grabenbagger, bekannt, mittels denen eng an Hindernissen senkrecht gegraben werden kann. Derartige Spezialgeräte können jedoch fast ausschließlich nur für derartige Sonderaufgaben eingesetzt werden, für normale Baggerarbeiten sind sie nicht geeignet. Somit ist es für kleinere Bauunternehmen, die sich einen größeren Fuhrpark nicht leisten können oder wollen, unrentabel, sich zusätzlich beispielsweise zu einem normalen Löffelbagger auch noch einen Spezialbagger anzuschaffen.Smaller special devices, so-called trench excavators, are known, by means of which digging can be carried out vertically close to obstacles. However, such special devices can be used almost exclusively for such special tasks, they are not suitable for normal excavation work. It is therefore unprofitable for smaller construction companies that cannot or do not want to afford a larger fleet of vehicles to purchase a special excavator in addition to a normal backhoe, for example.

Ein Bagger gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 ist aus der US-A-4,077,140 bekannt. Bei diesem Bagger ist der Vorausleger an dem Grundausleger schwenkbeweglich in einem Lager geführt und darüberhinaus ist ein Lager vorgesehen, mittels dem der Vorausleger relativ zu dem Grundausleger um eine im wesentlichen vertikal stehende Achse verschwenkbar ist. Hierbei ist die im wesentlichen vertikal stehende Schwenkachse zwischen Vorausleger und Grundausleger als Rahmenteil ausgeführt, welches in der horizontalen grundauslegerseitigen Achse geführt ist. In einer ausgeknickten Stellung des Vorauslegers relativ zu dem Grundausleger bei gleichzeitig verschwenktem Oberwagen sollen Grabvorgänge mit hierbei aufrechten bzw. lotrechten Schachtwänden dadurch möglich werden, daß zwischen dem Rahmenteil zur Aufnahme der im wesentlichen vertikalen Schwenkachse und dem Grundausleger, der die Hub- und Senkarbeit für die Vorauslegerkinetik übernimmt, eine komplementäre Hydraulikansteuerung derart erfolgt, daß die Schwenkachse für die Knickstellung zwischen Vorausleger und Grundausleger auch bei einer Auf- und Abbewegung des Grundauslegers im wesentlichen vertikal verbleibt, so daß keine radialen Ausweichbewegungen der Grabschaufel am Ende der Vorauslegerkinetik erfolgen. Diese Hydrauliksteuerung zum komplementären Bewegen von Grund- und Vorausleger ist insbesondere deshalb zwingend erforderlich, als die vertikale Schwenkachse rein kinematisch gesehen nicht zwischen Grund- und Vorausleger angeordnet ist, sondern vielmehr im Vorausleger selbst, also die Ausknickbewegung nicht zwischen Grund- und Vorausleger sondern im Vorausleger selbst erfolgt. Da dann bei geknicktem Vorausleger eine jede Auf- und Abbewegung des Grundauslegers eine entsprechende Kurvenbewegung des am Vorausleger angeordneten Grabgerätes zwingend zur Folge hätte, muß die Hydrauliksteuerung zur Kompensation dieser Kurvenbewegung vorgesehen werden.An excavator according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-4,077,140. In this excavator, the advance boom is guided on the basic boom in a pivotable manner and, in addition, a bearing is provided, by means of which the preliminary boom can be pivoted relative to the basic boom about a substantially vertical axis. Here, the substantially vertical pivot axis between the outrigger and the basic boom is designed as a frame part which is guided in the horizontal axis on the basic boom side. In a kinked position of the advance boom relative to the basic boom with the upper structure pivoted at the same time, digging operations with upright or vertical shaft walls are to be possible in that between the frame part for receiving the essentially vertical pivot axis and the basic boom, which is the lifting and lowering work for the Advance boom kinetics takes over, a complementary hydraulic control takes place in such a way that the pivot axis for the kink position between the advance boom and the basic boom remains essentially vertical even when the base boom moves up and down, so that no radial evasive movements of the digging shovel take place at the end of the advance boom kinetics. This hydraulic control for the complementary movement of the base and advance arm is imperative in particular when the vertical swivel axis is not arranged purely kinematically between the base and advance arm, but rather in the advance arm itself, i.e. the buckling movement not between the base and advance arm but in the advance arm done itself. Since any up and down movement of the basic boom would then necessarily result in a corresponding curve movement of the digging device arranged on the advance boom, the hydraulic control must be provided to compensate for this curve movement.

Gerade die im Falle der US-A-4,077,140 somit nötige komplementäre Ansteuerhydraulik macht jedoch die gesamte Auslegerkinetik unnötig schwer, kompliziert und damit auch störanfällig und weiterhin ist die Umstellung von einem normalen Löffelbagger auf einen Knickauslegerbagger gemäß der US-A-4,077,140 für einen Baggerführer aufgrund der dort herrschenden komplizierten Bewegungsabläufe und der daraus resultierenden schweren Überschaubarkeit der Relativbewegung von Grablöffel relativ zum Bagger äußerst gewöhnungsbedürftig und somit auch im Anfangsstadium unfallträchtig.However, the complementary control hydraulics required in the case of US-A-4,077,140 make the entire boom kinetics unnecessarily difficult, complicated and therefore also prone to failure, and the changeover from a normal backhoe excavator to an articulated boom excavator according to US-A-4,077,140 is due to an excavator operator The complicated movement sequences prevailing there and the resulting difficult manageability of the relative movement of digging spoons relative to the excavator are extremely difficult to get used to and are therefore also prone to accidents in the early stages.

Es ist demgegenüber Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Bagger nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 derart auszubilden, daß mit diesem Bagger auch außerhalb seiner Fahrspur Grab- und Ausschachtarbeiten mit exakt senkrechten bzw. lotrechten Schachtwänden möglich sind.In contrast, it is an object of the present invention to design an excavator according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that digging and excavation work with exactly vertical or vertical shaft walls is possible with this excavator even outside its lane.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in claim 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Bagger zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein Hydraulikantrieb für den Vorausleger sich an einer vorauslegerseitigen Stelle des Schwenkgelenks zwischen Grund- und Vorausleger abstützt und die horizontale Schwenkachse des Vorauslegers an der vorauslegerseitigen Stelle des Schwenkgelenks angeordnet ist, wobei ein Steuerorgan für den Grundausleger auf die Steuerfunktion des Hydraulikantriebes für den Vorausleger umschaltbar ist und die Schwenkachse des Schwenkgelenks in einer Arbeitsstellung des Grundauslegers senkrecht ist.The excavator according to the invention is characterized in that a hydraulic drive for the outrigger is supported at a position on the forward side of the swivel joint between the base and advance arm and the horizontal swivel axis of the outrigger is arranged at the forward side on the position of the swivel joint, with a control member for the outrigger on the Control function of the hydraulic drive is switchable for the forward boom and the pivot axis of the swivel joint is vertical in a working position of the basic boom.

Insbesondere dadurch, daß die horizontal verlaufende Schwenkachse für die Nickbewegung des Vorauslegers relativ zu dem Grundausleger an der vorauslegerseitigen Stelle des vertikalen Schwenkgelenks angeordnet ist und weiterhin dadurch, daß in einer Arbeitsstellung des Grundauslegers das vertikale Schwenkgelenk eine senkrecht verlaufende Schwenkachse hat, ist mit der Vorauslegerkinetik bestehend aus Vorausleger und Auslegerarm mit den daran gelagerten Baggerlöffel ein völlig ungehinderter Baggerbetrieb auch bei arretiertem Grundausleger möglich. Weiterhin dadurch, daß ein Steuerorgan für den Grundausleger auf die Steuerfunktion des Hydraulikantriebes für den Vorausleger umschaltbar ist, kann mit der Vorauslegerkinetik eine Baggerarbeit durchgeführt werden, welche der entspricht, die bei aktivem Grundausleger durchführbar ist. Hierbei übernimmt nun anstelle des Grundauslegers der Vorausleger über seinen Hydraulikantrieb die entsprechenden Hubfunktionen für den Baggerlöffel. Ist weiterhin in einer Arbeitsstellung des Grundauslegers das Schwenkgelenk für die Ausknickbewegung zwischen Vorausleger und Grundausleger senkrecht verlaufend, kann mit blockiertem Grundausleger mittels der Vorauslegerkinetik ein exaktes Baggern oder Graben auch außerhalb der Fahrspur des erfindungsgemäßen Baggers durchgeführt werden, ohne daß hierbei der Baggerlöffel kreisförmige Ausweichbewegungen durchführt, da das Schwenkgelenk senkrecht verläuft und somit Gräben mit exakt parallel und lotrechten Wänden ausgeschachtet werden können.In particular in that the horizontally extending pivot axis for the pitching movement of the jib is arranged relative to the basic boom at the position of the vertical swivel joint on the forward arm side and further in that in a working position of the basic boom that vertical swivel joint has a vertically running swivel axis, with the advance boom kinetics consisting of advance boom and boom arm with the excavator bucket attached to it, completely unhindered excavator operation is possible even when the basic boom is locked. Furthermore, in that a control element for the basic boom can be switched over to the control function of the hydraulic drive for the forward boom, an excavation work can be carried out with the forward boom kinetics which corresponds to that which can be carried out with the active forward boom. Instead of the basic boom, the forward boom takes over the corresponding lifting functions for the excavator bucket via its hydraulic drive. If, in a working position of the basic boom, the swivel joint for the buckling movement between the forward boom and the basic boom runs vertically, an exact excavation or digging can also be carried out outside the lane of the excavator according to the invention with the blocked basic boom using the forward boom kinetics, without the excavator bucket making circular evasive movements, because the swivel joint runs vertically and therefore trenches with exactly parallel and vertical walls can be excavated.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist der Vorausleger manuell in beide Richtungen um das Schwenkgelenk drehbar und in jeder erzielbaren Stellung verriegelbar. Hieraus ergibt sich bei einfachem und robustem Aufbau der Vorteil einer größtmöglichen Flexibilität in der Anwendung.According to claim 2, the feeder is manually rotatable in both directions about the swivel joint and lockable in any position. With a simple and robust construction, this results in the advantage of the greatest possible flexibility in use.

Erfolgt gemäß Anspruch 3 die Schwenkung des Vorauslegers um das Schwenkgelenk kraftbetrieben, wobei der Kraftantrieb in jeder erreichten Stellung des Vorauslegers blockierbar ist, ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß während des Betriebs die Stellung des Vorauslegers über den Kraftantrieb nachjustierbar ist.If, according to claim 3, the pivoting of the advance arm about the swivel joint is power-operated, the power drive being lockable in every position of the advance arm reached, there is the advantage that the position during operation the advance can be readjusted via the power drive.

Ist gemäß Anspruch 4 die vertikale Ausrichtung der Schwenkachse des Schwenkgelenks relativ zu dem Grundausleger verstellbar, erhöht sich die Flexibilität des erfindungsgemäßen Baggers ganz erheblich, da auch die Stellung des Grundauslegers veränderbar ist und dennoch eine senkrechte Stellung der Schwenkachse erzielbar ist.If the vertical orientation of the swivel axis of the swivel joint is adjustable relative to the basic boom, the flexibility of the excavator according to the invention increases considerably since the position of the basic boom can also be changed and a vertical position of the swivel axis can nevertheless be achieved.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung.Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
schematisch vereinfacht eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Baggers; und
Fig. 2
schematisch vereinfacht eine Draufsicht von oben auf den erfindungsgemäßen Bagger.
It shows:
Fig. 1
schematically simplified a side view of an excavator according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
schematically simplified a top view of the excavator according to the invention.

Gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 weist ein erfindungsgemäßer Bagger 2 in bekannter Weise ein Fahrwerk 4 und einen Oberwagen 6 bestehend aus einer Fahrerkanzel 8 und einem Motorgehäuse 10 auf. Im Bereich der Fahrerkanzel 8 ist ein schwenkbeweglich auf- und abbewegbarer Grundausleger 12 vorgesehen, der an seinem freien Ende ein Schwenkgelenk 14 aufweist. Das Schwenkgelenk 14 weist eine Schwenkachse 16 auf, welche in einer definierten Arbeitsstellung des Grundauslegers 12 gemäß Fig. 1 senkrecht zur Standfläche des Baggers 2 verläuft.1 and 2, an excavator 2 according to the invention has a chassis 4 and a superstructure 6 consisting of a driver's cab 8 and a motor housing 10 in a known manner. In the area of the driver's cabin 8 there is a basic boom 12 which can be swiveled up and down and which has a swivel joint 14 at its free end. The swivel joint 14 has a swivel axis 16 which, in a defined working position of the basic boom 12 according to FIG. 1, runs perpendicular to the standing surface of the excavator 2.

Das Schwenkgelenk 14 besteht aus einem Rahmenteil 18, welches auf der Seite des Grundauslegers 12 vorgesehen ist, sowie aus einem Rahmenteil 20, welches drehbeweglich mit dem Rahmenteil 18 verbunden ist, und an dem über ein Schwenkgelenk 22 ein Vorausleger 24 schwenkbeweglich geführt ist. Am freien Ende des Vorauslegers 24 ist ein Auslegerarm 26 schwenkbeweglich gelagert, der über einen Hydraulikantrieb 28 bewegbar ist und an seinem freien Ende einen Stützhebel 30 zur Betätigung eines Baggerlöffels 32 trägt.The swivel joint 14 consists of a frame part 18, which is provided on the side of the basic boom 12, and of a frame part 20, which is rotatably connected to the frame part 18, and on which a forward extension arm 24 is pivotally guided via a swivel joint 22. At the free end of the advance arm 24, a cantilever arm 26 is pivotally mounted, which can be moved via a hydraulic drive 28 and carries a support lever 30 at its free end for actuating an excavator bucket 32.

Der vertikale Bewegungsbereich des Baggerlöffels 32 bei senkrecht stehender Schwenkachse 16 ist in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellt.The vertical range of movement of the excavator bucket 32 with the pivot axis 16 standing vertically is shown schematically in FIG. 1.

Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, dient zum Antrieb des Vorauslegers 24 eine Hydraulikvorrichtung 34, welche sich mit einem ihrer Enden an dem Vorausleger 24 abstützt und sich mit ihrem anderen Ende an dem Rahmenteil 20 abstützt.As can be seen from FIG. 1, a hydraulic device 34 is used to drive the advance arm 24, which is supported at one end by the advance arm 24 and at the other end by the frame part 20.

In einer Neutrallage des Schwenkgelenks 14, d. h., in einer Lage, in der die Längsachsen des Grundauslegers 12 und des Vorauslegers 24 fluchten, kann der Bagger 2 als normaler Löffelbagger betrieben werden, wobei der Grundausleger 12 über in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Hydraulikantriebe, der Vorausleger 24 über den Hydraulikantrieb 34 und der Auslegerarm 26 über den Hydraulikantrieb 28 betrieben werden.In a neutral position of the swivel joint 14, ie in a position in which the longitudinal axes of the basic boom 12 and the forward boom 24 are aligned, the excavator 2 can be operated as a normal backhoe, the basic boom 12 not being shown in the drawing Hydraulic drives, the advance arm 24 are operated via the hydraulic drive 34 and the extension arm 26 via the hydraulic drive 28.

Sollen mit dem Bagger 2 Baggerarbeiten parallel zu und nahe an einer Mauer oder dgl. oder parallel zu einer Fahrspur durchgeführt werden, wird das Schwenkgelenk 14 aus seiner Neutrallage in eine verschwenkte Lage gebracht, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt. In dieser verschwenkten Lage ist der Vorausleger 24 relativ zu dem Grundausleger 12 um das Schwenkgelenk 14 herum verschwenkt. Die Verschwenkung des Vorauslegers 24 relativ zu dem Grundausleger 12 kann hierbei entweder von Hand oder durch in Fig. 2 dargestellte Hydraulikantriebe 36 erfolgen. Vor Verschwenkung des Vorauslegers 24 relativ zu dem Grundausleger 12 wird der Grundausleger 12 in eine Stellung gemäß Fig. 1 gebracht, in der die Schwenkachse 16 des Schwenkgelenks 14 senkrecht zur Standfläche des Baggers 2 steht. In dieser definierten Arbeitsstellung des Grundauslegers 12 wird der Antrieb des Grundauslegers 12 blockiert, so daß der Grundausleger 12 in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten definierten Lage verbleibt. Wird dann nach Verschwenken des Vorauslegers relativ zu dem Grundausleger der Oberwagen 6 in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 gebracht, lassen sich problemlos Grabarbeiten parallel zur Längsachse des Baggers 2 auch außerhalb der Spurbreite des Fahrwerks 4 durchführen, wie aus Fig. 2 eindeutig hervorgeht.If excavator work is to be carried out with the excavator 2 parallel to and close to a wall or the like or parallel to a lane, the swivel joint 14 is brought from its neutral position into a pivoted position, as shown in FIG. 2. In this pivoted position, the forward boom 24 is pivoted relative to the basic boom 12 about the swivel joint 14. The pivoting of the advance boom 24 relative to the basic boom 12 can be carried out either by hand or by hydraulic drives 36 shown in FIG. 2. Before the advance boom 24 is pivoted relative to the base boom 12, the base boom 12 is brought into a position according to FIG. 1, in which the pivot axis 16 of the pivot joint 14 is perpendicular to the standing surface of the excavator 2. In this defined working position of the basic boom 12, the drive of the basic boom 12 is blocked, so that the basic boom 12 remains in the defined position shown in FIG. 1. If the superstructure 6 is then brought into the position according to FIG. 2 after the advance boom has been pivoted relative to the basic boom, digging work parallel to the longitudinal axis of the excavator 2 can also be carried out outside the track width of the running gear 4, as is clearly shown in FIG. 2.

Da der Antrieb des Grundauslegers 12 blockiert ist, übernimmt der Hydraulikantrieb 34 des Vorauslegers 24 die Hubarbeit, so daß die Achse des Schwenkgelenkes 22, um die der Vorausleger 24 relativ zu dem Rahmenteil 20 dreht im wesentlichen stets horizontal bleibt und problemlos senkrechte Grabarbeiten durchgeführt werden können.Since the drive of the basic boom 12 is blocked, the hydraulic drive 34 of the advance boom 24 takes over the lifting work, so that the axis of the swivel joint 22 about which the advance boom 24 rotates relative to the frame part 20 essentially remains horizontal and vertical digging work can be carried out without problems .

Der erfindungsgemäße Bagger 2 ist nicht nur zur Durchführung normaler Baggerarbeiten und senkrechter Baggerarbeiten parallel zu seiner Fahrspur geeignet, da sich aufgrund der relativen Verstellbarkeit des Vorauslegers 24 zum Grundausleger 12 eine Vielzahl von Arbeitsstellungen erzielen lassen.The excavator 2 according to the invention is not only for implementation normal dredging and vertical dredging suitable in parallel to its lane, since a large number of working positions can be achieved due to the relative adjustability of the forward boom 24 to the basic boom 12.

Es versteht sich, daß der Vorausleger 24 außer der Relativstellung zu dem Grundausleger 12 gemäß Fig. 2 jede andere Zwischenlage einnehmen kann.It goes without saying that the forward boom 24 can assume any other intermediate position apart from the relative position to the basic boom 12 according to FIG. 2.

Vorteilhafterweise sollte das Schwenkgelenk 14 blockiert werden, wenn die gewünschte Relativlage des Vorauslegers 24 zum Grundausleger 12 erreicht ist.Advantageously, the swivel joint 14 should be blocked when the desired relative position of the advance boom 24 to the basic boom 12 has been reached.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, ein Steuerorgan, wie z. B. einen Steuerhebel, für den Grundausleger auf den Hydraulikantrieb 34 für den Vorausleger 24 umschalten zu können. Für eine Bedienungsperson erleichtert sich somit bei blockiertem Grundausleger die Ansteuerung und Bewegung für den Vorausleger, der dann die Hubarbeit durchführt.It is also advantageous to have a control element, such as. B. a control lever for the basic boom on the hydraulic drive 34 for the advance 24 to switch. For an operator, control and movement of the forward boom, which then carries out the lifting work, is thus made easier when the basic boom is blocked.

Schließlich ist es auch möglich, die Vertikallage der Schwenkachse 16 relativ zu dem Grundausleger 12 verstellbar zu machen. Bei einer geeigneten Ansteuerung ist es dann möglich, auch in der Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 den Grundausleger 12 zu bewegen, wenn hierbei die senkrechte Lage der Schwenkachse 16 nachgeregelt werden kann. Somit erhöht sich die Flexibilität des erfindungsgemäßen Baggers erheblich, da durch den bewegbaren Grundausleger ein größerer Aktionsradius ermöglicht ist. Weiterhin kann speziellen Anforderungen und Situationen beim Einsatz des Baggers noch besser Rechnung getragen werden.Finally, it is also possible to make the vertical position of the pivot axis 16 adjustable relative to the basic boom 12. With a suitable control, it is then possible to move the basic boom 12 also in the position according to FIG. 2, if the vertical position of the pivot axis 16 can be readjusted. This increases the flexibility of the excavator according to the invention considerably, since the movable basic boom enables a larger radius of action. Furthermore, special requirements and situations when using the excavator can be taken into account even better.

Claims (4)

  1. Digger (2) with a main boom (12), and a hydraulically operated extension arm (24) with slewing capacity on a horizontal axis (22). The extension arm (24) supports at its mobile end a hydraulically operated bucket arm (26) with digging bucket (32). A slewing joint (14) with a slewing axis (16) is positioned between the main boom (12) and the extension arm (24). The digger is characterised in that

    a hydraulic drive (24) for the extension arm (24) is supported by a section of the slewing joint (14) adjacent to (20) the extension arm, and the horizontal slewing axis (22) of the extension arm (24) is positioned on the slewing joint adjacent to (20) the extension arm. A control element for the main boom (12) can be switched over to operate the hydraulic drive (34) for the extension arm (24). The slewing axis (16) of the slewing joint (14) is vertical when the main boom (12) is in working position.
  2. Digger according to claim 1, characterised in that the extension arm (24) is manually revolvable in both directions around the slewing joint (14), and it can be locked into any of its possible positions relative to the main boom (12).
  3. Digger according to claim 1, characterised in that the extension arm (24) can be power operated to revolve in both directions around the slewing joint (14). Power drive (36) can be stopped in any of the extension arm's (24) possible positions relative to the main boom (12).
  4. Digger according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the vertical positioning of the slewing axis (16) of the slewing joint (14) is adjustable relative to the main boom (12).
EP88109305A 1987-06-10 1988-06-10 Excavator Expired - Lifetime EP0294843B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88109305T ATE66986T1 (en) 1987-06-10 1988-06-10 EXCAVATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3719341 1987-06-10
DE19873719341 DE3719341A1 (en) 1987-06-10 1987-06-10 EXCAVATOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294843A1 EP0294843A1 (en) 1988-12-14
EP0294843B1 true EP0294843B1 (en) 1991-09-04

Family

ID=6329413

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109305A Expired - Lifetime EP0294843B1 (en) 1987-06-10 1988-06-10 Excavator

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0294843B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE66986T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3719341A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1433549A (en) * 1965-02-18 1966-04-01 Poclain Sa Additional mast for hydraulic excavator
DE2154724A1 (en) * 1971-11-04 1973-05-10 Orenstein & Koppel Ag BOOM FOR HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SWIVELING OF THE WORK TOOL
BE792717A (en) * 1971-12-21 1973-03-30 Rheinstahl Ag Hanomag Baumasch EXCAVATOR, IN PARTICULAR HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR
IT1057824B (en) * 1976-03-31 1982-03-30 Simit Spa LATERAL EXCAVATION EQUIPMENT BY HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE66986T1 (en) 1991-09-15
EP0294843A1 (en) 1988-12-14
DE3864591D1 (en) 1991-10-10
DE3719341A1 (en) 1988-12-29

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