EP0293673A2 - Procédé et dispositif de meulage mécanique de pièces au moyen d'outils électriquement conducteurs - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif de meulage mécanique de pièces au moyen d'outils électriquement conducteurs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0293673A2 EP0293673A2 EP88107984A EP88107984A EP0293673A2 EP 0293673 A2 EP0293673 A2 EP 0293673A2 EP 88107984 A EP88107984 A EP 88107984A EP 88107984 A EP88107984 A EP 88107984A EP 0293673 A2 EP0293673 A2 EP 0293673A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- spark
- workpiece
- tool
- grinding tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/10—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving electrical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the mechanical grinding of workpieces by means of electrically conductive grinding tools, wherein the grinding tool is first probed against the workpiece or a measuring sensor and then certain infeed and feed movements are carried out from this touch position, and a device for carrying out such a method .
- the grinding tool In mechanical grinding processes with which the present invention is concerned, until now, if the position of the surface to be ground in space and / or the grinding wheel diameter are not precisely specified, the grinding tool is moved from the operator to the point of contact with the workpiece, ie it is touched, and then the intended infeed and feed movements are carried out according to a specific control program.
- the probing is thus manually controlled, with the operator depending on the noise that occurs when the touch occurs and the extent of the formation of grinding sparks.
- a large number of differently worn tool cutting edges are to be regrinded in a clamping of a workpiece or a group of workpieces, For example, the teeth of a saw blade, the cutting edges of a milling cutter or a number of turning tools inserted together in a clamping device must be touched again manually before the start of regrinding each cutting edge. You cannot automatically edit all cutting edges one after the other. The same applies to grinding processes in the manufacturing process if the prefabricated workpieces have different starting dimensions, there are differences in workpiece clamping or the grinding wheel diameter is not constantly checked.
- spark gap the necessary distance to the workpiece for the contactless spark-erosive removal of the electrically conductive material.
- spark erosion processes there is initially no intentional contact with mainly mechanical material removal.
- the invention has for its object to improve the above-mentioned mechanical grinding method so that it can be carried out automatically and faster, and the above object is achieved in that an electrical spark voltage is applied between the grinding tool and the workpiece or sensor and the touch position by the spark current is determined, and that the spark voltage is then switched off for the grinding process or set to such a value that essentially mechanical material removal takes place.
- the control circuit with spark generator used which is known per se, but has previously been used for another removal method for another purpose, namely distance control during electroerosive processing, to advantage can.
- the spark generator does not need to demand a working current for removal performance, since the spark current only serves to control a certain contact position, while the material is removed essentially mechanically.
- the electrically non-conductive grain of the grinding wheel also ensures a certain distance between the workpiece and the metallic matrix of the grinding wheel during the contact and mechanical removal of the electrically conductive material of a workpiece, so that according to the invention there is also the possibility of still continuing after the electrically controlled probing to apply a spark voltage between the tool and the workpiece and, depending on a weak spark current, which is of no importance for metal removal, to continuously regulate a specific contact position of the grinding wheel for mechanical removal of the electrically conductive material of the workpiece.
- cutting of a milling cutter can be touched before and / or after grinding one of the surfaces on it by means of a spark current, and the other surfaces can be ground or feed movements can be made to compensate for grinding wheel wear in accordance with this touch position .
- a model surface or a sensor can be touched with the grinding tool and used as a reference for all surfaces to be ground.
- the new method offers a particularly great advantage if, in a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the workpiece is first machined by spark erosion or erosion using a first tool and then machined in the same setting with a grinding wheel brought into the probing position by means of spark current.
- the probing done quickly and automatically, but the accuracy is also promoted in that the workpiece remains in the same clamping in two successively different machining operations and the relative positions to both tools are controlled in the same way.
- a device for carrying out the method according to the invention consists of a rotationally drivable, electrically conductive grinding tool, a workpiece clamping device and a controllable movement drive for changing the relative position between the grinding tool and the workpiece, and is characterized in that the grinding tool and the workpiece or a measuring sensor are connected to a spark generator are connectable and the motion drive when probing a control circuit influenced by the spark current can be controlled, which can be controlled during the mechanical grinding process by a control program and / or a spark current measured only as a control current.
- the new device can be realized particularly simply and inexpensively in that the grinding tool can be connected to the spark generator and the control circuit of a spark-erosive tool which can be used in the same workpiece clamping and which, in a preferred embodiment, is arranged as an eroding disk on the same shaft as the mechanically effective grinding tool .
- the drawing schematically shows a workpiece 10, e.g. a saw blade which is clamped on a cross slide 12 and can thus be moved in the direction of two mutually perpendicular coordinates x and y.
- a rotary drive 14, the angle of rotation ⁇ of which can be controlled, serves to adjust the angle of rotation or to advance the saw blade from one cutting edge to the next.
- the tool 16 is a disk which can be driven in rotation, for example made of graphite, copper or another electrically conductive material, if appropriate also with enclosed abrasive grains made of electrically non-conductive material, for example diamond grain.
- This tool is used to machine the saw blade 10 or another workpiece, for example a milling cutter to be machined on its cutting edges, which can be made of hard metal or polycrystalline diamond, for example, or another similar tool.
- the second tool 18 is an electrically conductive, i.e. e.g. metal-bonded grinding wheel with diamond grit, for example. Both tools 16 and 18 are seated on the same drive shaft 20 and can be moved by a tool slide 22 in the direction of a z coordinate perpendicular to the x and y coordinates. In addition, the angular velocity ⁇ of the shaft 20 driven by a drive motor 24 can be controlled.
- a spark generator 26 is connected via lines 28 and 30 to the workpiece 10 and the respective tool 16 and 18, respectively.
- a dielectric is flushed in between the workpiece 10 and the respective tool 16 or 18, so that they are insulated from one another and can jump over sparks between them if the eroding tool 16 is in the working position with the spacing of the spark gap required for spark erosion or when touching the workpiece 10 with the grinding tool 18.
- the infeeds, feed movements and setpoint settings provided in the individual case can be carried out.
- the specifications for the control circuit can be entered into the control circuit either manually using a keyboard (not shown) or through a program memory 34. This can then have the cross slide 12 execute a movement in the direction of the x coordinate via a line 36 and a signal converter 38, which, for example, influences the spark gap between workpiece 10 and tool 16.
- the changes in the electrical voltage Us at the spark gap can be tapped via a measuring device 40 and, alternatively or at the same time, a gap current change Is can be tapped via a measuring device 42 and fed to the control circuit 32 for evaluation.
- a stepwise setting is made parallel to the spark gap between the workpiece and the tool bare capacity 44 available, as is known from metalworking to make adjustments.
- the infeed of the tool can be regulated depending on the current Is measured at 42.
- the value proportional to a current to the size of the spark gap can be fed to a comparator, in which a comparison is made with an adjustable setpoint.
- the movement of the cross slide 12 in the direction of the y coordinate is controlled via a control line 46 and a signal converter 48. This can e.g. a reciprocating movement of the workpiece when machining straight cutting edges.
- the extent of the to-and-fro movement can be predetermined by the program memory 34 or by a simple reversal by means of limit switches.
- the tool slide 22 is controlled in the direction of the z coordinate via a line 50 and a signal converter 52 in order to e.g. make a height adjustment of the tool 16 or 18.
- the speed of the drive motor 24 is controlled by the control circuit 32 via a control line 54 and a signal converter 56.
- a corresponding signal is sent from the control circuit 32 via a control line 58 and a signal converter 60 to the rotary drive 14 of the workpiece 10 .
- the rotary drive 14 can also be a constantly rotating motor if a workpiece is to be machined as a rotating body while rotating about its axis during machining.
- the device shown in the drawing is fundamentally suitable for processing metallic workpieces, especially for the manufacture and regrinding of tools, in particular with very hard cutting edges, for example made of polycrystalline material.
- the cutting edges of the workpiece can first be machined using the tool 16 by spark erosion or by erosion grinding.
- the surfaces that are still relatively rough in this machining process can then be finished in the same clamping of the workpiece 10 and with the aid of the same control circuit by means of the grinding tool 18. It is possible to either process tooth by tooth or edge by edge of the workpiece 10 in succession first with the eroding tool 16 and then with the grinding tool 18, or first all teeth or cutting with the eroding tool 16 and then again all teeth or cutting one after the other with the grinding tool 18.
- the spark current Is unlike in the previous eroding process, is no longer used to remove material, but only to control the relative position between the workpiece 10 and the grinding tool 18.
- the workpiece 10 can thus be moved quickly and automatically very precisely up to a specific distance or until the abrasive grains come into contact with the grinding tool 18 - or conversely, the workpiece 10 - in order to touch it.
- the desired starting position for the grinding process can be set very precisely in the manner described, because each spark gap between the tool and the workpiece is a specific one even in the case of the electrically conductive grinding tool 18 Spark current Is is assigned, the value of which is passed to the control circuit 32 and is compared there with a specific target value for the starting position or contact position. Even during the mechanical During the grinding process by means of the grinding wheel 18, the spark voltage Us can be maintained in order to generate a spark current Is in the amount of a measuring or control current and in this way to control the mechanical grinding contact between the grinding wheel 18 and the workpiece 10. The eroding effect of the sparks is kept to a minimum in this processing step in order not to impair the smoothing effect of the mechanical grinding process.
- the method according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with a control of the grinding wheel feed as a function of the torque or the speed affected by it.
- a control of the grinding wheel feed as a function of the torque or the speed affected by it.
- Such a control ensures that whenever the pressure of the grinding wheel against the workpiece becomes too great, the grinding wheel is withdrawn from the workpiece. Then the workpiece is approached again.
- the invention opens up the possibility that when the grinding wheel is withdrawn from the workpiece, the electrical voltage between these two parts is switched on and the spark current is measured. This then becomes smaller as the distance between the grinding wheel and the workpiece increases, and at a specific limit value for the spark current, the retraction movement of the grinding wheel is stopped and switched back to feed. Then the spark voltage can be switched off again until the next time the grinding wheel presses too hard against the workpiece, its speed drops below a certain limit and it therefore has to be withdrawn from the workpiece again.
- the method described last shows that the inventive touching of the grinding wheel to the workpiece by means of spark current can take place not only when approaching, but also during a retraction movement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3717568 | 1987-05-25 | ||
| DE19873717568 DE3717568A1 (de) | 1987-05-25 | 1987-05-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mechanischen schleifen von werkstuecken mittels elektrisch leitfaehiger schleifwerkzeuge |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0293673A2 true EP0293673A2 (fr) | 1988-12-07 |
| EP0293673A3 EP0293673A3 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| EP0293673B1 EP0293673B1 (fr) | 1992-08-12 |
Family
ID=6328355
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88107984A Expired - Lifetime EP0293673B1 (fr) | 1987-05-25 | 1988-05-19 | Procédé et dispositif de meulage mécanique de pièces au moyen d'outils électriquement conducteurs |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4963710A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0293673B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2849387B2 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3717568A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5159785A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1992-11-03 | Lueber Werner | Grinding or cutting-off disk for an automatic grinding machine for cleaning castings |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH678292A5 (fr) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-08-30 | Werner Lueber | |
| DE19743528C1 (de) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-07-29 | Vollmer Werke Maschf | Meßeinrichtung an einer Maschine zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken mit Schneidzähnen, insbes. von Sägeblättern |
| DE19747018A1 (de) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-04-29 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken |
| DE19748673C1 (de) | 1997-11-04 | 1999-07-01 | Vollmer Werke Maschf | Maschine zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken mit Schneidzähnen, insbes. von Sägeblättern |
| DE102004013031A1 (de) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-10-06 | Waldrich Siegen Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren und Maschine zur Herstellung einer Walze |
| US7749050B2 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2010-07-06 | Chien-Min Sung | Pad conditioner dresser |
| US20090127231A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-21 | Chien-Min Sung | Methods of Forming Superhard Cutters and Superhard Cutters Formed Thereby |
| JP2012020370A (ja) * | 2010-07-14 | 2012-02-02 | Denso Corp | 放電超音波重畳研削加工方法 |
| RU2466834C2 (ru) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-11-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Барнаульский патронный завод" | Способ электроэрозионной обработки металла |
| EP2998066B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-06-14 | Mikron Agie Charmilles AG | Dispositif de prévention de collision à haute tension pour machines-outils |
| US10232491B2 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2019-03-19 | Inland Diamond Products Company | Retruing of a grinding wheel using EDM machine |
| DE102017110196B4 (de) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-19 | Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Schleif- und Erodiermaschine zur Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks |
| CN110919116B (zh) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-01-01 | 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 | 一种防止航空发动机高压涡轮叶片榫头底部板片脱落的方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3862517A (en) * | 1972-01-03 | 1975-01-28 | Jr Wallace M Porter | Method and apparatus for machining a workpiece to a selected dimension |
| JPS533509B2 (fr) * | 1973-07-17 | 1978-02-07 | ||
| DE2422940B2 (de) * | 1974-05-11 | 1976-06-10 | Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Adolf Waldrich Coburg, 8630 Coburg | Einrichtung zur steuerung der zustellbewegung eines rotierenden, von einer werkzeugspindel getragenen werkzeuges, insbesondere einer schleifscheibe |
| SU838297A1 (ru) * | 1976-09-09 | 1981-06-15 | Московский Завод Шлифовальных Стан-Kob | Устройство дл контрол размеровиздЕли пРи пРОдОльНОМ шлифОВАНии |
| JPS53103297A (en) * | 1977-02-22 | 1978-09-08 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Electric processing apparatus |
| SU841889A1 (ru) * | 1978-05-03 | 1981-06-30 | Ордена Трудового Красного Знамениэкспериментальный Научно-Исследо-Вательский Институт Металлорежу-Щих Ctahkob | Способ обработки токопровод щимАбРАзиВНыМ иНСТРуМЕНТОМ и уСТРОйСТВОК шлифОВАльНОМу СТАНКу дл ЕгООСущЕСТВлЕНи |
| CH639889A5 (en) * | 1978-09-19 | 1983-12-15 | Mo Stankostroitelnyj Zavod Im | Device for the controlled adjustment of the tool or workpiece carrier of a grinding machine |
| JPS57184633A (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-11-13 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Wirecut electric discharge machining equipment provided with abrasive finish unit |
| EP0076997B1 (fr) * | 1981-10-05 | 1987-12-23 | LACH-SPEZIAL-Werkzeuge GmbH | Procédé et dispositif pour l'usinage de matière non-conductrice liée à du métal |
| JPS60259332A (ja) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-12-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 放電加工方法 |
| JPS6171967A (ja) * | 1984-09-13 | 1986-04-12 | Disco Abrasive Sys Ltd | 回転砥石の位置決め方法 |
| DE3708771C1 (de) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-01-21 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vorrichtung zur beruehrungslosen Ermittlung von Abstaenden eines Gegenstandes von Konturen eines relativ zu diesem bewegbaren Objektes mittels gepulster Funkenentladungen |
-
1987
- 1987-05-25 DE DE19873717568 patent/DE3717568A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-05-19 DE DE8888107984T patent/DE3873621D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-19 EP EP88107984A patent/EP0293673B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-25 JP JP63126051A patent/JP2849387B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-25 US US07/198,808 patent/US4963710A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5159785A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1992-11-03 | Lueber Werner | Grinding or cutting-off disk for an automatic grinding machine for cleaning castings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3717568A1 (de) | 1988-12-08 |
| EP0293673A3 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| DE3873621D1 (de) | 1992-09-17 |
| EP0293673B1 (fr) | 1992-08-12 |
| US4963710A (en) | 1990-10-16 |
| JPS6445572A (en) | 1989-02-20 |
| JP2849387B2 (ja) | 1999-01-20 |
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