EP0290779A1 - Procédé pour réaliser un revêtement composite de fibres noyées dans une matrice métallique - Google Patents
Procédé pour réaliser un revêtement composite de fibres noyées dans une matrice métallique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0290779A1 EP0290779A1 EP88105430A EP88105430A EP0290779A1 EP 0290779 A1 EP0290779 A1 EP 0290779A1 EP 88105430 A EP88105430 A EP 88105430A EP 88105430 A EP88105430 A EP 88105430A EP 0290779 A1 EP0290779 A1 EP 0290779A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- whiskers
- electrolyte
- metallic matrix
- stored
- matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
- C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for embedding whiskers in a metallic matrix for the purpose of producing fiber-reinforced, even complex shaped components in one operation.
- Thread-like perfect crystals also called whiskers
- Thread-like perfect crystals also called whiskers
- ⁇ max G / 30, where G represents the shear modulus and ⁇ the tensile strength.
- ⁇ -SiC whiskers with a diameter of 0.2 to 1 ⁇ m and a length of up to 50 ⁇ m achieve a tensile strength of 1300 kp / mm2 (13 GPa).
- the methods known today for incorporating whiskers into a metallic matrix are generally powder-metallurgical methods.
- these processes produce a mixture of whiskers and a metal powder that is as homogeneous as possible.
- this mixture is pressed to a shaped body and sintered.
- the pressing can include using the Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP) method; the sintering can be carried out by normal pressure sintering, hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing (HIP for short).
- CIP Cold Isostatic Pressing
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- Orientation of the fibers in the matrix can only be achieved by a subsequent forming process, for example drawing, rolling or extrusion.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of being able to produce even complicated moldings in one work step in such a way that there is no danger of tangible fiber damage either mechanically or thermally.
- the whiskers to be stored are suspended in the electrolyte solution and matrix material is deposited on an electrically conductive base by electroplating, the whiskers being built into the matrix during the deposition.
- the whiskers are kept in suspension in the suspension by stirring, blowing in air, by pumping, by weightlessness, by the action of ultrasound and / or by adding wetting agents.
- the whiskers can be oriented in the matrix so that Anisotropy can also be achieved in the mechanical properties of the component.
- This process opens up possibilities for the production of even complex shaped components, the shape of the component being determined by the geometry of the cathode.
- the method according to the invention opens up the possibility of using the principle of fiber reinforcement also for those whisker / metal combinations in which, under the thermal conditions in powder metallurgical production, chemical damage between the components would result in fiber damage and thus a decrease in the strength properties.
- particulate electrically non-conductive materials which are suspended in a galvanic bath, are included in the deposition of the metal layers if they do not exceed certain sizes, as a rule ⁇ 30 ⁇ m. Even agglomerates made from these particles cannot be built in and regrowth, as results from weightless studies to clarify the mechanism of this installation. In this respect, it was not possible to infer from the facts known above that fiber materials can be incorporated. Although these have diameters that are comparable to those of the embedded particles, they have length dimensions that, based on previous experience with particles not allow installation.
- SiC whiskers (apparently due to different behavior with regard to electrical conductivity) can only be imperfectly stored in nickel layers without further treatment.
- the installation can be carried out by applying very thin electrically insulating layers of e.g. TiO2 or SiO2 are significantly favored.
- whiskers can be stored in finely dispersed form in electrodeposited moldings.
- the gently stored whiskers in the metallic matrix are bonded well, which leads to very good mechanical properties of the composite material.
- thermally sensitive whisker materials can be stored in matrix metals with higher melting temperatures while maintaining their good mechanical properties.
- a decisive advantage of this method compared to the powder metallurgical method is that the fibrous whiskers can be aligned by means of a targeted electrolyte guidance, so that they hit and adhere to the cathode in a flow-oriented manner and are then installed by the deposited matrix metal.
- weak points in the composite material that can occur in conventional production due to oxide enrichment at the grain boundaries can be avoided.
- molded articles with gently and oriented embedded whiskers can thus be produced in a simple manner.
- Such moldings whose metal matrix consists of nickel-based alloys, are for use at higher temperatures, e.g. in turbines or exhaust gas chargers of internal combustion engines.
- the whiskers were recovered from a shaped body deposited according to Example 1 by chemical dissolution of the nickel matrix. The whiskers isolated in this way were compared with the whisker starting material. The result of the investigation showed that the length distribution spectrum of the stored whiskers and that of the starting whiskers were completely the same; due to the storage process, no whisker breakage or other damage was observed.
- a cylindrical rotating cathode was specifically flowed through by means of a pump and a slot nozzle, and a 1 mm thick molded body was deposited.
- the scanning electron microscope examination of the successively dissolved shaped body showed that about 40% of the whiskers stored were oriented in the direction of flow or approximately in the direction of flow in the cobalt matrix.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873716117 DE3716117A1 (de) | 1987-05-14 | 1987-05-14 | Verfahren zur einlagerung von whiskern in eine metallische matrix |
| DE3716117 | 1987-05-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0290779A1 true EP0290779A1 (fr) | 1988-11-17 |
Family
ID=6327532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88105430A Withdrawn EP0290779A1 (fr) | 1987-05-14 | 1988-04-06 | Procédé pour réaliser un revêtement composite de fibres noyées dans une matrice métallique |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0290779A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS63303097A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3716117A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995022642A1 (fr) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-24 | Hans Warlimont | Procede de fabrication d'une electrode de batterie au plomb durcie |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005057384A1 (de) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-05-31 | Nanogate Ag | Silikatumhüllte Teilchen in einer Metallschicht |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3498890A (en) * | 1967-03-27 | 1970-03-03 | Melpar Inc | Preparation of fiber-metal composites by electrodeposition |
| GB1224166A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1971-03-03 | Bristol Aerojet Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electrodeposition of composite materials |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3716461A (en) * | 1969-05-13 | 1973-02-13 | Us Army | Process for forming composite material by electrodeposition under the influence of a centrifugal force field |
-
1987
- 1987-05-14 DE DE19873716117 patent/DE3716117A1/de active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-04-06 EP EP88105430A patent/EP0290779A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-05-13 JP JP11675188A patent/JPS63303097A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3498890A (en) * | 1967-03-27 | 1970-03-03 | Melpar Inc | Preparation of fiber-metal composites by electrodeposition |
| GB1224166A (en) * | 1967-12-21 | 1971-03-03 | Bristol Aerojet Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electrodeposition of composite materials |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995022642A1 (fr) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-24 | Hans Warlimont | Procede de fabrication d'une electrode de batterie au plomb durcie |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3716117C2 (fr) | 1991-09-26 |
| DE3716117A1 (de) | 1988-12-01 |
| JPS63303097A (ja) | 1988-12-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): FR GB IT SE |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19890518 |