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EP0276037A2 - Serrure à commande par moteur - Google Patents

Serrure à commande par moteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0276037A2
EP0276037A2 EP88200059A EP88200059A EP0276037A2 EP 0276037 A2 EP0276037 A2 EP 0276037A2 EP 88200059 A EP88200059 A EP 88200059A EP 88200059 A EP88200059 A EP 88200059A EP 0276037 A2 EP0276037 A2 EP 0276037A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
operating member
shaft
rotation
cam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88200059A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0276037B1 (fr
EP0276037A3 (en
Inventor
Johan Cornelis Hordijk
Joannes Wilhelmus Van Erp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chubb Lips Nederland BV
Original Assignee
Chubb Lips Nederland BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chubb Lips Nederland BV filed Critical Chubb Lips Nederland BV
Publication of EP0276037A2 publication Critical patent/EP0276037A2/fr
Publication of EP0276037A3 publication Critical patent/EP0276037A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0276037B1 publication Critical patent/EP0276037B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0012Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B9/00Lock casings or latch-mechanism casings ; Fastening locks or fasteners or parts thereof to the wing
    • E05B9/10Coupling devices for the two halves of double cylinder locks, e.g. devices for coupling the rotor with the locking cam
    • E05B9/105Coupling devices for the two halves of double cylinder locks, e.g. devices for coupling the rotor with the locking cam including disengagement means, e.g. opening from one side being still possible even if the key is inserted from the other side
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/002Geared transmissions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/002Geared transmissions
    • E05B2047/0022Planetary gears
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0091Retrofittable electric locks, e.g. an electric module can be attached to an existing manual lock

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrically-energizable lock sets such as may be used for the locking and unlocking of doors in access-control systems or for other purposes under remote control.
  • the invention is concerned with a lock set in which a lock bolt mounted in a door or other closure can be driven to extend and retract by an electrically-energizable motor housed in a unit mounted to the surface of one side of the door and suitably connected to rotate a cam or other operating member for the bolt.
  • a device of this kind has certain advantages over the more usual form of electric locking involving a solenoid-­controlled pivoted strike on the door frame which releases the door without retraction of the lock bolt.
  • fitting a door-mounted motor unit should in general involve less time and effort than fitting an electric strike which requires considerable preparation - ­ or even replacement - of the door jamb to accept the bulky strike mechanism and wiring.
  • the conventional fixed striking box which can be retained with a door-mounted motor lock will also usually resist greater forcing loads than the electric strike.
  • lighter cabling can be used since the typical current consumption of an electric motor suitable for the service envisaged is a fraction of that of the typical electric strike solenoid.
  • a lock set of the kind stated is disclosed in United States patent specification no. 4126341.
  • a DC electric motor is connected through a friction clutch to a shaft carrying a bolt-actuating cam in fixed spatial relationship to the rest of the door-mounted unit.
  • the motor can be energized in reverse senses to correspond­ingly rotate the cam in reverse senses for extending or retracting the bolt of an associated mortice lock.
  • a further cam on the shaft operates a two-position reversing switch through which the electrical supply to the motor is controlled so as to set the limits of its rotation.
  • the switch is connected such that in a first position it connects a DC supply when applied to one pair of its terminals to the motor to energize the same in one sense, and in its second position it connects a DC supply when applied to another pair of its terminals to the motor to energize the same in the opposite sense, and in either position it breaks the circuit which it makes in the other.
  • the switch is controlled by its cam to change from its first position to its second after the motor has rotated the shaft in the direction and through the angle required to extend the lock bolt, and to change the switch back from its second position to its first after the motor has rotated the shaft in the direction and through the angle required to retract the lock bolt.
  • a key-­controlled locking cylinder may also be provided on the opposite side of the door to the motor by which the lock bolt can be extended and retracted through a further bolt-­actuating cam separate from and unconnected to the bolt-­actuating cam of the motor unit.
  • the segmental nature of the motor unit's driving gear is chosen so that during non-operative periods of the motor it is disconnected from its driving engagement with the driven gear. Rotation of the torque blade by the cylinder mechanism when the latter is being used to operate the lock, therefore, while being imparted to the driven gear is not also transferred to the driving gear.
  • This arrangement is chosen because the gearing between the motor and the driving gear is such that it would prevent manual rotation of the torque blade through the cylinder mechanism if the de-energized motor was still effectively connected to it through the gear train.
  • a lock set for a door or other closure comprising: a lock cylinder unit adapted for mounting in the closure, comprising a cam or other operating member for extending and retracting an associated lock bolt by rotation of the operating member in reverse senses, a cylinder locking mechanism which is key-operable from one side of the closure for rotating the operating member in reverse senses, and a first coupling member accessible from the other side of the closure through which the operating member can be rotated in reverse senses independently of the cylinder locking mechanism, rotation of the operating member by means of the cylinder locking mechanism, however, causing corresponding rotation of the coupling member; and a motor unit adapted for mounting to the surface of the closure on the said other side thereof, comprising an electrically-energizable motor in permanent driving connection with a second coupling member for rotating the same in reverse senses, and switch
  • the lock set shown in the drawings is particularly useful for the conversion of an existing keyed locking system to an access-control role in which doors are locked and unlocked electromechanically, although it could also be fitted as original equipment in new access-control installations.
  • it comprises a lock cylinder unit 1 and a motor unit 2, the details of both of which will be more fully described hereinbelow.
  • the housing 3 of the cylinder unit 1 in the illustrated embodiment is of equivalent section and dimensions to a known standard double cylinder and is fitted through the casing of a conventional mortice lock (not shown) so as to locate its central operating cam 4 correctly to actuate the lock bolt, all in known manner.
  • the unit 1 simply replaces the original locking cylinder of the existing mortice lock in installations where a keyed cylinder locking system is being converted to electromechanical operation.
  • the motor unit 2 is shown to comprise a casing 5 within which the motor and other components to be described are housed, and a plate 6 through which the assembly is attached to the face of the door.
  • a knob 7 is also shown for manual override of the motor as described below.
  • this illustrates the construction of the cylinder unit 1.
  • a rotor 8 which is in permanent driving engagement with the cam 4 through a cross-pin 9.
  • this rotor is formed with a socket 10, the rotor 8 constituting the aforesaid first coupling member in this embodiment of the invention.
  • the other end of the housing 3 contains a cylinder locking mechanism.
  • this mechanism is of the known kind comprising three rows of spring-­biased pin-tumblers 11 (of which only one row appears in the drawing) which cooperate with respective depressions 12 cut in the two flanks and an edge of a correct key 13 to unlock the key-rotor 14 for turning in the housing 3, although in principle any other known kind of cylinder locking mechanism could be used.
  • the rotor 14 Normally the rotor 14 is uncoupled from the cam 4 but when the key is inserted, as shown in the drawing, it presses in a sliding coupling member 15 against a plunger 16 biased by a spring 17, so that the member 15 enters a recess in the front face of a bush 18, which latter is in rotary driving engagement with the rotor 8 and cam 4 by virtue of the cross-pin 9 extending through all three components.
  • this cylinder unit can be identical to a known standard pattern of double cylinder which provides for key-operation from one side of a door and thumb turn operation from the other side, except for the provision of the socket 10 in place of the normal thumb turn fitting.
  • the unit 2 includes a 24v DC electric motor 20 (with gearbox) arranged to drive a horizontal shaft 21 through bevel gears 22.
  • the shaft 21 is of a truncated circular cross-section.
  • the socket 10 in the rotor 8 of the cylinder unit is of complementary cross-section to the shaft 21, and when the unit 2 is assembled to the door the free end of shaft 21 enters the socket 10 to establish a rotary drive connection from the motor 20 to the bolt-­operating cam 4, the shaft 21 thus constituting the aforesaid second coupling member in this embodiment of the invention.
  • the two units 1 and 2 can be coupled together in this way over a range of door thicknesses, determined by the available depth of the socket 10.
  • the motor unit 2 is mounted to the door on its internal face - that is to say on the side of the doorway into which access is to be controlled - and the keyhole for the cylinder locking mechanism is on the external side of the door.
  • the motor unit can be used with any convenient form of authorisation device - such as a card reader, numeric keypad, biometric sensor or the like - to gain entry through the doorway from the outside, and a simple push-button to request exit from the inside.
  • an associated control unit supplies a DC voltage of appropriate polarity to the motor 20 so that it drives the cam 4 through 360° in the corresponding sense to retract the lock bolt, and the door can be opened. Subsequent closure of the door is sensed by a reed switch or other convenient device and this event causes the supplied polarity to be reversed, so that the motor 20 now drives the cam 4 through 360° in the opposite sense to extend the lock bolt once more.
  • a double-pole, double-­throw electric switch 23 is mounted within the motor unit.
  • This switch is operated by a cam 24 which is borne around, but not keyed to, the shaft 21.
  • This cam is capable of limited angular movement within a range permitted by a fixed pin 25 extending into an arcuate slot 26 in the rear face of the cam.
  • the lobe 27 of the cam 24 In its anti-clockwise position, (in the sense of, and as shown in, Figure 5), the lobe 27 of the cam 24 is released from the operating button 28 of the switch 23. When moved to its clockwise position, however, the lobe 27 depresses the button 28.
  • the cam 24 is itself controlled by a finger 29 fast on the shaft 21 and which can turn the cam by abutment with a projection 30 on the front face of the cam.
  • the finger 29 does not move the cam 24 until it abuts one flank of the projection 30 during the final part of the rotation to shift the cam and depress the button 28 after one complete revolution.
  • the shaft 21 is rotated back anticlockwise from that position the finger 29 abuts the other flank of the projection 30 during the final part of the rotation to shift the cam and release the button 28 after one complete revolution.
  • this mechanism causes the switch 23 to change from one condition to the other at the end of each successive revolution in the reverse sense from the preceding one.
  • a leaf spring 31 applies a light frictional restraint against the turning of the cam 24 to overcome any tendency for the cam to be entrained by the rotating shaft and finger 21/29 before the projection 30 is encountered by the finger 21.
  • the circuit through which the motor 20 and switch 23 are connected to a reversible DC power supply 32 is shown in Figure 6.
  • the switch 23 has two parallel sets of terminals T1, T2, T3. In one condition of the switch the respective T1 terminals are connected to the respective T2 terminals and in the other condition of the switch the respective T1 terminals are connected to the respective T3 terminals.
  • the motor 20 consequently runs in the direction appropriate to turn the cam 4 to retract the lock bolt (clockwise in the sense of Figure 5) until, after one revolution of the shaft 21 and cam 4, the cam 24 shifts the switch 23 to its button-depressed condition.
  • This breaks the circuit through the T1 and T2 terminals of the switch and connects the T1 and T3 terminals in each set together.
  • the flow of energizing current through the motor is accordingly interrupted and the poles of the motor are short-circuited through line L2, the lower T1 and T3 terminals, diode D3, line L4 and line L3.
  • the motor therefore stops virtually instantaneously.
  • the switch terminals T1 and T3 in each set are now connected, current cannot flow through the circuit from I1 through L1 to the upper T3 terminal because of the presence of diode D2.
  • the motor 20 is controlled to perform appropriate single revolutions of the cam 4 in reverse senses in response to each successive "lock” and "unlock” command.
  • emergency unlocking of the door from the inside can be achieved by turning the knob 7 accessible on the outside of the casing 5, which is mounted directly on the proximal end of the shaft 21.
  • unlocking of the door from the outside can also be performed independently of the access-control system by authorised holders of a correct key 13 for the cylinder mechanism in unit 1. Any rotation of the cam 4 by these means to unlock (or lock) the door will involve corresponding rotation of the shaft 21 and operation of the switch 23. In particular, this means that when the door is unlocked with the key the switch 23 is moved to the position in which correct energization of the motor 20 is ensured when the subsequent "lock" command is given by the access-control system on closure of the door.
  • the de-energized motor 20 will also be turned over through its geared connection to this shaft. While this inevitably imposes a certain resistance to turning the key or knob, by judicious selection of the gearing between the motor and shaft 21 this manual operation can be catered for while maintaining adequate speed and torque characteristics for the motorised operation of the shaft.
  • the motor 20 is an "escap” (registered trade mark) 28L28-416E 24V DC unit of 7.6W power output, having a nominal (unloaded) running speed of 5300 rpm and stall torque of 55 mNm. It is fitted with an "escap” R22 planetary gearbox providing a 19.4:1 reduction ratio, and the bevel gears 22 provide a further reduction of 2:1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
EP19880200059 1987-01-22 1988-01-14 Serrure à commande par moteur Expired EP0276037B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB878701351A GB8701351D0 (en) 1987-01-22 1987-01-22 Motor-driven lock set
GB8701351 1987-01-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0276037A2 true EP0276037A2 (fr) 1988-07-27
EP0276037A3 EP0276037A3 (en) 1988-11-02
EP0276037B1 EP0276037B1 (fr) 1991-05-29

Family

ID=10611032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880200059 Expired EP0276037B1 (fr) 1987-01-22 1988-01-14 Serrure à commande par moteur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0276037B1 (fr)
GB (2) GB8701351D0 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3835913A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-05-03 Schulte Schlagbaum Ag Elektromotorisch betriebene schliessvorrichtung
WO1992022720A1 (fr) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-23 EVVA-WERK SPEZIALERZEUGUNG VON ZYLINDER- UND SICHERHEITSSCHLÖSSERN GESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. & Co. KOMMANDITGESELLSCHAFT Serrure a ame de cylindre motorisee
EP0564441A1 (fr) * 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Roto Frank Eisenwarenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Serrure
EP0564440A1 (fr) * 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Roto Frank Eisenwarenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Serrure, en particulier serrure à plusieurs gênes
EP0676518A3 (fr) * 1994-03-08 1996-04-24 Mivzarit High Tech Systems 199 Ensemble de verrouillage activable par moteur électrique et/ou par clef mécanique.
AT1213U1 (de) * 1995-12-28 1996-12-27 Larch Hans Joerg Schloss mit motorisch verdrehbarem zylinderkern
EP0785324A1 (fr) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-23 KARL FLIETHER GmbH & Co. Dispositif d'entraînement pour une serrure, serrure cylindrique ou similaire
GB2314118A (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-17 Vingcard As Auxiliary electromechanical lock
EP1296008A1 (fr) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-26 van Parys, Remi Emiel Dispositif de commande pour un mécanisme de verrouillage
US6840072B2 (en) 1998-04-07 2005-01-11 Stanley Security Solutions, Inc. Electronic token and lock core
WO2005024160A1 (fr) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-17 Aptus Elektronik Ab Dispositif a utiliser sur une serrure
CN101033666B (zh) * 2007-04-19 2010-06-30 陈君 电子锁头
US8220299B2 (en) 2007-07-11 2012-07-17 Gainsborough Hardware Industries Limited Lock assembly
WO2014182509A1 (fr) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-13 Mul-T-Lock Technologies Ltd. Serrure à barillet électromécanique à clé d'ouverture manuelle
US20230212882A1 (en) * 2022-01-04 2023-07-06 Passivebolt, Inc. Electronic door system, door lock, and lock actuator
EP4253698A1 (fr) * 2022-04-01 2023-10-04 JELD-WEN Türen GmbH Barillet pour une porte, système de fermeture pour une porte et agencement de porte doté d'un système de fermeture
US20250122749A1 (en) * 2023-10-11 2025-04-17 Blusafe IOT Technology (Ningbo) Co., Ltd Smart motor-drive mechanism for multi-point slam lock

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0326996D0 (en) * 2003-11-20 2003-12-24 Cenlox Technologies Ltd A lock mechanism
GB2492829B (en) * 2011-07-14 2017-04-12 Era Home Security Ltd Double lock cylinder with key cylinder, thumb-turn, and mis-alignment clutch
CN110359775B (zh) * 2019-08-21 2023-07-28 珠海优特电力科技股份有限公司 锁芯和解锁钥匙

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854310A (en) * 1972-01-07 1974-12-17 Constellation Corp Electric control motor driven lock mechanism
US3947060A (en) * 1975-02-26 1976-03-30 Pulse Dynamics Manufacturing Corporation Bolt mechanism with manual override
US4126341A (en) * 1977-08-12 1978-11-21 Adams Rite Manufacturing Co. Motor driven lock actuator
US4438962A (en) * 1981-10-02 1984-03-27 Emhart Industries, Inc. Alternate manually and electrically actuated bolt
DE3606531A1 (de) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-03 Fliether Karl Gmbh & Co Schliesszylinder mit antrieb

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3835913A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-05-03 Schulte Schlagbaum Ag Elektromotorisch betriebene schliessvorrichtung
WO1992022720A1 (fr) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-23 EVVA-WERK SPEZIALERZEUGUNG VON ZYLINDER- UND SICHERHEITSSCHLÖSSERN GESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. & Co. KOMMANDITGESELLSCHAFT Serrure a ame de cylindre motorisee
EP0564441A1 (fr) * 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Roto Frank Eisenwarenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Serrure
EP0564440A1 (fr) * 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Roto Frank Eisenwarenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Serrure, en particulier serrure à plusieurs gênes
EP0676518A3 (fr) * 1994-03-08 1996-04-24 Mivzarit High Tech Systems 199 Ensemble de verrouillage activable par moteur électrique et/ou par clef mécanique.
AT1213U1 (de) * 1995-12-28 1996-12-27 Larch Hans Joerg Schloss mit motorisch verdrehbarem zylinderkern
EP0785324A1 (fr) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-23 KARL FLIETHER GmbH & Co. Dispositif d'entraînement pour une serrure, serrure cylindrique ou similaire
GB2314118A (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-17 Vingcard As Auxiliary electromechanical lock
GB2314118B (en) * 1996-06-13 1998-06-10 Vingcard As Arrangement in a lock,especially an electromechanical locking system
ES2134723A1 (es) * 1996-06-13 1999-10-01 Vingcard As Dispositivo en forma de cierre, especialmente un sistema de cierre electromecanico.
US6840072B2 (en) 1998-04-07 2005-01-11 Stanley Security Solutions, Inc. Electronic token and lock core
US7316140B2 (en) 1998-04-07 2008-01-08 Stanley Security Solutions, Inc. Electronic token and lock core
BE1014374A3 (nl) * 2001-09-19 2003-09-02 Parys Remi E Van Bedieningsinrichting voor een slotmechanisme.
EP1296008A1 (fr) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-26 van Parys, Remi Emiel Dispositif de commande pour un mécanisme de verrouillage
US6918276B2 (en) 2001-09-19 2005-07-19 Remi Emiel Van Parys Control device for a lock mechanism
WO2005024160A1 (fr) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-17 Aptus Elektronik Ab Dispositif a utiliser sur une serrure
CN101033666B (zh) * 2007-04-19 2010-06-30 陈君 电子锁头
US8220299B2 (en) 2007-07-11 2012-07-17 Gainsborough Hardware Industries Limited Lock assembly
WO2014182509A1 (fr) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-13 Mul-T-Lock Technologies Ltd. Serrure à barillet électromécanique à clé d'ouverture manuelle
EP2994586B1 (fr) 2013-05-06 2018-09-05 Mul-T-Lock Technologies Ltd. Serrure à barillet électromécanique à clé d'ouverture manuelle
RU2675430C2 (ru) * 2013-05-06 2018-12-19 Мул-Т-Лок Текнолоджис Лтд. Электромеханический цилиндровый замок с переходом на управление ключом
US20230212882A1 (en) * 2022-01-04 2023-07-06 Passivebolt, Inc. Electronic door system, door lock, and lock actuator
EP4253698A1 (fr) * 2022-04-01 2023-10-04 JELD-WEN Türen GmbH Barillet pour une porte, système de fermeture pour une porte et agencement de porte doté d'un système de fermeture
US20250122749A1 (en) * 2023-10-11 2025-04-17 Blusafe IOT Technology (Ningbo) Co., Ltd Smart motor-drive mechanism for multi-point slam lock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2201452B (en) 1990-07-25
GB8701351D0 (en) 1987-02-25
GB8800693D0 (en) 1988-02-10
EP0276037B1 (fr) 1991-05-29
EP0276037A3 (en) 1988-11-02
GB2201452A (en) 1988-09-01

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