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EP0266340A1 - Insertion en ceramique pour chaudieres a chambre de combustion a sac - Google Patents

Insertion en ceramique pour chaudieres a chambre de combustion a sac

Info

Publication number
EP0266340A1
EP0266340A1 EP19860902465 EP86902465A EP0266340A1 EP 0266340 A1 EP0266340 A1 EP 0266340A1 EP 19860902465 EP19860902465 EP 19860902465 EP 86902465 A EP86902465 A EP 86902465A EP 0266340 A1 EP0266340 A1 EP 0266340A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
ceramic insert
ceramic
flame
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19860902465
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Istvan Juhasz
Gyula Boros
János JURASZEK
László CZILLY
Tibor Simoray
Sandorne Domjan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etamax Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Etamax Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etamax Co Ltd filed Critical Etamax Co Ltd
Publication of EP0266340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0266340A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03006—Reverse flow combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/09062—Tube-shaped baffles confining the flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ceramic insert for boilers with a pocket combustion chamber for separating the flame and the flue gases, for increasing the efficiency in terms of fire technology and for increasing the service life of the boiler.
  • the fuel used for the boiler with a Saok combustion chamber is mainly oil or gas, that is to say hydrocarbons, but numerous solutions are also known in which the fuel is obtained from gasified coal (coal dust or dust coal).
  • the inlet opening of the bag combustion chamber is followed by a burner which allows the fuel to be blown into the combustion chamber at the pressure which is mixed with the air.
  • flame stabilizers are attached after the burner by means of the fuel-air mixture, which are provided, for example, with a baffle plate and centrifugal element.
  • numerous contractions are known, the burners for stabilizing the flame also being provided with flame tubes and / or air heads.
  • the flame stabilizers are generally disks or logs with slotted ones
  • flame tubes are straight or transverse tubes, which usually also have the flame stabilizer in them.
  • the disproportion of the heat treatment of the combustion chamber has an important effect on the life of the boiler room and / or the lurking.
  • the block burner types PC, 115, PC, N 380 from Pest vidéki Gépgyár with a pressure atomizer are equipped with a disc flame stabilizer with a slotted surface and with straight or transverse cylindrical flame tubes.
  • the PGG 10, PGG 380 natural gas burner from Pestvideki Gépgyár are equipped with flame stabilizer discs with a slotted surface and with straight or transverse cylindrical flame tubes.
  • the general view is that from the point of view of the burning process, the processes at the flame surface play an important role, namely the oxidation reactions and the diffuse mixture of the oxidizing agent and the Bren substance take place on the flame surface.
  • the thermal load - disadvantageously - is concentrated in the upper part of the first half of the combustion chamber.
  • Combustion chamber reduced.
  • the fuels are returned to the flame through the ceramic body, which results in better utilization of the oxygen in the air and the heat generated.
  • the unburned oil particles are completely burned by the traffic with the glowing ceramic body.
  • the aim of our invention is to significantly reduce the disadvantages of the above-described boilers with a pocket combustion chamber, which greatly increase the effect of the burning, which is achieved by the flame formation which forms in the combustion chamber in a previously calculable, measurable, optimal way, thereby the eliminated characteristic caotic flow conditions for the bag combustion chambers.
  • the flame is guided in the corresponding direction in the first train and, at the same time, the flue gases - in a second train formed in the bag combustion chamber - are conducted separately from the flame chamber in the direction of the smoke tube.
  • the flame pattern can be directed, or the disadvantages of the surface flame phenomena forming in the combustion chamber described above can be eliminated.
  • the object is achieved in that a ceramic insert is arranged in the combustion chamber of the boiler, which serves to separate the flames and flue gases and to increase the thermal efficiency of the boiler.
  • the ceramic insert is at least one hollow ceramic insert arranged in the combustion chamber, in the center line of the burner and corresponding to the desired length of the flame, the interior of which forms the first draft or the combustion chamber, while the flue gases draw the space between the ceramic insert and the wall of the bag combustion chamber is.
  • the combustion chamber is separated from the flue gases by the ceramic insert, so that the harmful phenomena around the flame cannot develop.
  • the ceramic insert can also be formed from sections which are convergent and divergent on the longitudinal axis of the burner, in which case the first is convergent
  • the ceramic insert can be optimally measured as follows: the narrowest dimension should be K 0.95 ⁇ , the maximum K 0.98 ⁇ e, where the value of K depends on the permitted pressure drop, the length, the dimension and the annoyance of the combustion chamber .
  • ⁇ 1 means the dimension of the burner and ⁇ e the size of the combustion chamber.
  • the ratio of the mapping of the convergent path in the direction of the longitudinal axis to the mapping of the divergent path is a minimum of 0.05 and a maximum of 6.
  • the ceramic insert according to the invention in the sack combustion chamber can be used with a ceramic element arranged on the bottom wall of the sack combustion chamber and reflecting the heat radiation.
  • the material of the ceramic insert is a material resistant to temperature and thermal shock above 1450 ° C, which has a known composition of Al, Zr, W, Mg, Si, Ti with oxide, boride, nitride, silicide material construction.
  • Such ceramics are commercially available, for example, from the magnesite, Norton and Motim factories.
  • the case of the heat-radiating element are provided with a coating which is known per se and which aids oxidation and increases the radiance, which coating is purposefully composed of the elements III, Vb, VIb, VIIb, VIII arranged and of lanthanides in the elemental state or in an alloyed form and / or in the form of oxide, phosphate and the weight percent based on the ceramic 0.001-3 is preferably 0.8.
  • the phenomena and processes of the flame boundary surface can be directed appropriately and in the pocket combustion chamber there are no adverse turbulents, compression and decompression chambers.
  • the ceramic insert according to the invention separates the combustion chamber from the room of the flue gases - an extra train is granted for the flue gases - that is why they are thrown back by the rear wall of the bag combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber is not adversely affected by the flue gases, the construction material of the combustion chamber is protected from the "reducing-oxidizing" flame effect, since are reduced by the boiler damage possibilities.
  • the flame is not cooled down either, and undesirable turbulents and flame deviations are not caused.
  • the flame is passed through coatings of the ceramic insert according to the invention which require oxidation and / or increase the radiance. The firing becomes more effective and more perfect, as a result of which the soot excretion is reduced, and the soot which is excreted easily burns out in the vicinity of the incandescent ceramic insert.
  • the heat utilization of the boiler can be significantly increased by the optimal conditions of the race room.
  • the stability of the fire operation is significantly increased, the temperature of the flue gases is significantly reduced, which means significant fuel savings and a significant increase in efficiency can be achieved.
  • the ceramic insert according to the invention can also be used in boilers with a burner combustion chamber in operation today.
  • the embodiment of the ceramic insert according to the invention is explained in more detail using a possible embodiment, with the aid of the drawing, emphasizing that numerous embodiments and variants can be produced under the protection of the claims. This embodiment only serves to explain the concept of the invention.
  • the drawing shows an embodiment of the ceramic insert and heat-reflecting element according to the invention, installed in the chamber of the boiler with bag combustion chamber, in the Seut view, in the partial view and in partial section.
  • FIG. 1 shows the side view of a known boiler "Láng-Ignis LHD", in the combustion chamber 1 of which a ceramic insert 13 according to the invention is fastened on ceramic holding blocks 24.
  • Oven tubes 6 are arranged above the sack combustion chamber 1 and connect to the sack combustion chamber 1 through a rotary chamber 9.
  • a centrifugal disc 12 arranged in a nozzle holder 11 is in the center line of the burner known per se, not shown in the figure, which passes into the burner combustion chamber 1 through a flame tube opening 10, down a door 2 on the front wall of the boiler, the rotary chamber 9 is fire-resistant Wall 3 can be seen.
  • the boiler is covered by a boiler jacket 5.
  • the center line of the ceramic insert 13 meets in the pocket combustion chamber 1 with the center line of the burner or the centrifugal disc 12.
  • the length of the ceramic insert 13 should be chosen almost the same with the desired flame length. Even the simplest embodiment - a simple ceramic tube - can achieve the effects we expect - the separation of the combustion chamber from the draft of the flue gases - but due to fundamental considerations and experimental results, significantly effective parameters can be achieved if the ceramic insert 13 consists of convergent lines 13a, is then formed from divergent sections 13b, that is to say from successive rows of narrowed and enlarged sections, such that a convergent section 13a is used as the first section of the ceramic insert 13 after the burner or the centrifugal disc 12.
  • the design of the ceramic insert 13 in this way creates zones with greater or lower flow velocity in the combustion chamber, as a result of which the turbulent phenomena on the flame surface are improved. In our experience, we have optimal ones
  • the inner surface of the ceramic insert 13 is provided with an inner cover 17, the outer surface with an outer cover 16, the ceramic plate with cover 20 and the ceramic support blocks 24 with cover 20.
  • the material of the ceramic insert 13 is preferably:
  • a possible embodiment of the ceramic insert 13 is produced according to the following composition:
  • the length of the ceramic insert section 13 in front of the inlet opening, h 2 / a from 1 to 3 ⁇ 1, preferably from 0.2 to 1.5 ⁇ 1
  • h f / M, n / from 0.25 to 15 ⁇ 1, preferably from 0.5 to 8 ⁇ 1
  • h 2 from 1 to 3 ⁇ 1, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 ⁇ 1
  • h 4 from 0 to 2 ⁇ 1, preferably from 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ 1
  • the elements mentioned above belong to the series III, Vb, VIb, V ⁇ Ib, VIII of the periodic table and the group of lanthanides, which are present in the coatings 16, 17, 19, 20 in elemental or alloy form as oxides and phosphates, in Ratio of the weight% 0.001-3 related to the ceramic, but preferably of the weight% 0.6-1.
  • the superficial concentration of the additives is 50-2 weights more than the concentration of these substances with the inside of the ceramic.
  • the coatings 16, 17, 19, 20 are substances known per se which promote oxidation, increase heat capacity.
  • the coatings 17, 18, 19, 20 are of permanently good emissivity. Its most important task is to promote the oxidation of the soot that is excreted and the unburned fuel, to improve the radiated heat transfer and thereby to increase the boiler's efficiency in terms of fire technology.
  • the most important effect of the ceramic insert according to the invention is that the flow of the flame and the flue gases are separated, as a result of which the flame has no relationship with the fire chamber jacket, therefore the smoke gases have to flow in the space between the outer wall of the ceramic insert 13 and the wall of the fire chamber jacket 8 , meanwhile their thermal energy is evenly transferred to the wall of the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber 8.
  • the flue gases are expelled from the combustion chamber 8 through the train between the flame tube opening 10 and the flame tubes 6.
  • the escaping flue gases are in the state when the burning has ended.
  • Example As a point of departure, the device was tested by series training without using the ceramic insert according to the invention.
  • the ceramic insert according to the invention composed of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 was made tubular and provided with a coating of substances Ce, Co, Mo, Pt in the test area of the device shown in the first example , built into the bag combustion chamber.
  • a ceramic material composition made of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 with a coating of Ir, Cr, La, Pt, Ru was installed in the shape of the figure.
  • the heating time is from water temperature 20 ° C to the attainable maximum water temperature 120 ° C 85 sec
  • a ceramic with a composition of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, TiO 2 and a coating with materials made of Ir, Co, Pd according to the figure was installed in the combustion chamber of the boiler with natural gas firing shown in the example VI.
  • the heating device became more controllable both with a small and with a large flame.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

Une insertion en céramique (13) pour chaudières avec chambre de combustion à sac (1), un brûleur de combustible liquide ou gazeux et un disque centrifuge (12) sont agencés de sorte que dans la chambre de combustion à sac (1) soit montée au moins une insertion creuse en céramique (13) dont la ligne médiane coïncide avec la ligne médiane du brûleur et dont la longueur correspond à la longueur de la flamme. L'insertion creuse en céramique (13) comprend de préférence une première zone convergente (13a) adjacente au brûleur et reliée alternativement à des parties divergentes (13b) et convergentes (13a).
EP19860902465 1986-04-17 1986-04-17 Insertion en ceramique pour chaudieres a chambre de combustion a sac Withdrawn EP0266340A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HU1986/000023 WO1987006327A1 (fr) 1986-04-17 1986-04-17 Insertion en ceramique pour chaudieres a chambre de combustion a sac

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0266340A1 true EP0266340A1 (fr) 1988-05-11

Family

ID=10980682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860902465 Withdrawn EP0266340A1 (fr) 1986-04-17 1986-04-17 Insertion en ceramique pour chaudieres a chambre de combustion a sac

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0266340A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987006327A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19732607A1 (de) * 1997-07-29 1999-02-04 Schneidawind Melitta Nachbrenner für ein Heizungsgerät

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3017050C2 (de) * 1980-05-03 1983-03-24 Stettner & Co, 8560 Lauf Einsatz für Öfen oder Heizkessel
DE3024873C2 (de) * 1980-07-01 1983-06-30 Stettner & Co, 8560 Lauf Einsatz für Öfen oder Heizkessel
DE3235592A1 (de) * 1982-09-25 1984-03-29 Manfred Prof. Dr.-Ing. 6301 Staufenberg Künzel Brennkammereinsatz fuer heizkessel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8706327A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1987006327A1 (fr) 1987-10-22

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Effective date: 19880119

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BOROS, GYULA

Inventor name: JURASZEK, JANOS

Inventor name: DOMJAN, SANDORNE

Inventor name: SIMORAY, TIBOR

Inventor name: CZILLY, LASZLO

Inventor name: JUHASZ, ISTVAN