EP0263255A1 - Method and agent for heating and refining at the same time molten metals - Google Patents
Method and agent for heating and refining at the same time molten metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0263255A1 EP0263255A1 EP87111094A EP87111094A EP0263255A1 EP 0263255 A1 EP0263255 A1 EP 0263255A1 EP 87111094 A EP87111094 A EP 87111094A EP 87111094 A EP87111094 A EP 87111094A EP 0263255 A1 EP0263255 A1 EP 0263255A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- calcium
- oxygen
- cored wire
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002081 peroxide group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010944 pre-mature reactiony Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/005—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using exothermic reaction compositions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and means for simultaneous heating and cleaning of metal baths.
- furnace slags which interfere with the treatment. Removing the furnace slags is also time-consuming and requires equipment. Unfortunately, complete removal of furnace slag is not yet possible.
- US Pat. No. 4,518,422 teaches to load a correspondingly delimited bath volume with substances which are blown with gaseous oxygen within this volume, whereby on the one hand heat and on the other hand reactive slags of a certain composition arise, for example the known Perrin slag Aluminum base.
- the heat is to benefit the entire bathroom, it must be mixed. This is done with the help of an inert gas stream, which, however, has a cooling effect. Furthermore, a certain amount of heat is absorbed into the tube walls and thus removed from the bath.
- the object of the invention was to provide a method which allows a metal bath to be treated with cleaning furnaces and heated at the same time, the heating effect being brought about by a metallothermal reaction and a maximum amount of heat being transferred to the bath.
- cored wire consisting of a steel sheath and a filling such as calcium / silicon / lime, magnesium / calcium fluoride, ferrosilicon and the like. has long been common in ladle metallurgy.
- the advantage of the cored wire is that it can be easily metered by simply specifying a certain length of wire.
- the basic idea of the invention is that it must be advantageous to allow an exothermic reaction to take place deep in the bath instead of initiating it in accordance with the prior art on a surface zone which has been freed from slags by cumbersome precautions, with some of the heat generated being lost goes and the reaction products must be distributed in the bathroom by inert gas flushing.
- any suitable oxide such as Fe203 can serve as an oxygen supplier.
- the metallic oxygen acceptor preferably aluminum, in this case has to do reduction work which requires heat. It is therefore more advantageous to use peroxides as oxygen suppliers, for example calcium peroxide, which releases the oxygen relatively easily at about 290 ° C.
- the filling is diluted, preferably with lime or with a mixture of lime / river paste.
- the purpose of this dilution is also to prevent or at least weaken the formation of inclusions by the diluent floating away upwards.
- an inert gas flushing can be carried out, whereby the gas throughputs, according to the above, may only be weak (about 0.05 - 0.1 Nm3 / t.minute).
- the cored wire consisted of a mixture of 25.07 wt .-% aluminum and 74.93 wt .-% of Fe203 with a residual proportion of gait in the order of 2%.
- the cored wire was iron-coated and had a diameter of 13 mm.
- the steel temperature in the bath was 1,577 ° C. and the oxygen content was 30.3 ppm.
- the liquid steel was homogenized with 2 Nm3 / h argon by injecting the floor over the floor purging stones during the entire winding time.
- the bath temperature could be kept at 1,576 ° C. over the course of the 15-minute cored wire winding.
- the thermal efficiency based on the aluminum in the wire winding all in, was 82.9%.
- the oxygen content of the melt was 1.6 ppm.
- a positive effect on the inclusion content could be achieved by winding the wire into the steel bath and by swirling the Perrin-like slag caused by argon blown into the bottom.
- Ferro-Nb, Ferro-Si and Ferro-Mn alloys were added at the end of the test; the steel was then cast at a temperature of 1,560 ° C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
In das Metallbad wird ein Fülldraht eingeführt, der aus einer Metallhülle aus Stahl oder Aluminium und einer Füllung besteht, wobei die Füllung ein Gemisch aus einem metallischen Sauerstoffakzeptor und einem Sauerstofflieferanten ist. Der metallische Sauerstoffakzeptor besteht bspw. aus pulverförmigem bzw. granuliertem Aluminium, Silizium, Ferro-Silizium oder Calcium, der Sauerstofflieferant bspw. aus einem Oxyd des Eisens, einem Oxyd oder Peroxyd des Calciums, des Magnesiums oder des Kaliums.A cored wire is introduced into the metal bath, which consists of a metal shell made of steel or aluminum and a filling, the filling being a mixture of a metallic oxygen acceptor and an oxygen supplier. The metallic oxygen acceptor consists, for example, of powdered or granulated aluminum, silicon, ferro-silicon or calcium, the oxygen supplier, for example, of an oxide of iron, an oxide or peroxide of calcium, magnesium or potassium.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und Mittel zum gleichzeitigen Aufheizen und Reinigen von Metallbädern.The invention relates to a method and means for simultaneous heating and cleaning of metal baths.
Beim Reinigen von Metallbädern durch Zuführen spezifischer Stoffe (Calcium bzw. Calciumverbindungen, Ferrosilizium, Perrin-Schlacken, Soda u.dgl.) müssen diese Stoffe mit dem Bad vermischt werden, was zumeist durch Einsdüsen von inertem Spülgas bewerkstelligt wird. Dies sowie die generelle Raktionsdauer führt zu Temperaturverlusten, die man entweder hinnehmen oder durch Nachheizen ausgleichen muss.When cleaning metal baths by adding specific substances (calcium or calcium compounds, ferrosilicon, Perrin slag, soda, etc.), these substances have to be mixed with the bath, which is usually accomplished by injecting inert purge gas. This, as well as the general duration of the action, leads to temperature losses, which you either have to accept or compensate for by reheating.
Ein weiteres Problem das sich beim Reinigen von Metallbädern stellt, ist auf das Vorhandensein von Ofenschlacken zurüchzuführen, die bei der Behandlung stören. Das Entfernen der Ofenschlacken ist ebenfalls zeitraubend und erfordert apparativen Aufwand. Leider ist eine restlose Entfernung von Ofenschlacken noch nicht durchführbar.Another problem that arises when cleaning metal baths is due to the presence of furnace slags which interfere with the treatment. Removing the furnace slags is also time-consuming and requires equipment. Unfortunately, complete removal of furnace slag is not yet possible.
Das Problem der Gegenwart von Ofenschlacken wurde weitgehend gelöst durch ein Verfahren, das in der DE-PS 22 53 630 beschrieben ist. Es wird dort gelehrt, einen Teil des Bades so abzugrenzen, dass eine schlackenfreie Oberflächenzone entsteht, die mit den jeweiligen Stoffen beschickt wird. Diese Abgrenzung wird bewerkstelligt durch ein Rohr, das man vertikal in die Schmelze absenkt, wobei das untere Ende des Rohres mit eine Kappe veschlossen ist, die nach Durchdringen der Schlackenschicht abschmilzt. Das innerhalb des Rohres liegende schlackenfreie Badvolumen wird mit metallurgisch wirksamen Stoffen behandelt. Gleichzeitig sorgt ein von unten in das Rohr geleiteter Inertgasstrom für eine Homogenisierung innerhalb der Behandlungszone.The problem of the presence of furnace slags was largely solved by a process which is described in DE-PS 22 53 630. It teaches there to delimit a part of the bath so that a slag-free surface zone is created, which is loaded with the respective substances. This delimitation is accomplished by a pipe which is lowered vertically into the melt, the lower end of the pipe being closed by a cap which melts after the slag layer has penetrated. The slag-free bath volume lying inside the pipe becomes metallurgically effective Fabrics treated. At the same time, an inert gas flow directed into the tube from below ensures homogenization within the treatment zone.
Die US-PS 3.971.655 beschriebt ein ähnliches Verfahren sowie mehrere Einrichtungsvarianten, wobei das abgrenzende Rohrelement so konstruiert ist, dass über der schlackenfreien Zone eine nicht-oxydie-rende Atomosphäre aufrechterhalten werden kann.US Pat. No. 3,971,655 describes a similar method and several device variants, the delimiting tubular element being constructed in such a way that a non-oxidizing atomosphere can be maintained over the slag-free zone.
Die US-PS 4.518.422 schliesslich lehrt, ein entsprechend abgegrenztes Badvolumen mit Stoffen zu beschicken, die innerhalb dieses Volumens mit gasförmigem Sauerstoff verblasen werden, wobei einerseits Wärme und andererseits reaktive Schlacken von einer bestimmten Zusammensetzung entstehen, bspw. die bekannte Perrin-Schlacke auf Aluminiumbasis.Finally, US Pat. No. 4,518,422 teaches to load a correspondingly delimited bath volume with substances which are blown with gaseous oxygen within this volume, whereby on the one hand heat and on the other hand reactive slags of a certain composition arise, for example the known Perrin slag Aluminum base.
Soll die Wärme dem gesamten Bad zugute kommen, so muss dieses durchmischt werden. Dies geschieht mit Hilfe eines Inertgasstroms, der allerdings selbst kühlend wirkt. Ferner wird eine gewisse Wärmemenge in die Rohrwände aufgenommen und hiermit dem Bad entzogen.If the heat is to benefit the entire bathroom, it must be mixed. This is done with the help of an inert gas stream, which, however, has a cooling effect. Furthermore, a certain amount of heat is absorbed into the tube walls and thus removed from the bath.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand darin, ein Verfahren zu schaffen das es erlabubt, ein Metallbad mit reinigenden Stofen zu behandeln und gleichzeitig aufzuheizen, wobei die Heizwirkung durch eine metallothermische Reaktion zustande kommen und eine maximale Wärmemenge an das Bad übertragen werden soll.The object of the invention was to provide a method which allows a metal bath to be treated with cleaning furnaces and heated at the same time, the heating effect being brought about by a metallothermal reaction and a maximum amount of heat being transferred to the bath.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren nach der Erfindung gelöst, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man metallothermische Reaktionen, deren Produkte in ihrer Zusammensetzung der bekannten reinigenden Schlacken nahekommen, unter der Badoberfläche hervorruft indem man in das Bad einen Fülldraht einführt, der aus einer Meatallhülle und einer Füllung besteht, wobie die Füllung ein Gemisch aus einem metallischen Sauerstoffakzeptor und einem Sauerstofflieferanten ist, die bei hohen Temperaturen miteinander reagieren. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens bzw. des erforderlichen Mittels werden in den Unteransprüchen widergegeben.This object is achieved by the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that metallothermal reactions, the products of which come close to the known cleaning slags in their composition, are caused under the bath surface by introducing a cored wire into the bath, which consists of a metal shell and of a filling, the filling being a mixture of a metallic oxygen acceptor and an oxygen supplier, which react with one another at high temperatures. Advantageous refinements of the method and of the necessary means are given in the subclaims.
Die Verwendung von Fülldrähten, bestehend aus einer Stahlhülle und einer Füllung wie Calcium/Silizium/Kalk, Magnesium/Calciumfluorid, Ferrosilizium u.dgl. ist in der Pfannenmetallurgie seit langem geläufig. Der Vorteil des Fülldrahtes liegt in der leichten Dosierbarkeit, durch einfaches Festlegen einer gewissen Drahtlänge.The use of cored wire consisting of a steel sheath and a filling such as calcium / silicon / lime, magnesium / calcium fluoride, ferrosilicon and the like. has long been common in ladle metallurgy. The advantage of the cored wire is that it can be easily metered by simply specifying a certain length of wire.
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, dass es von Vorteil sein muss, eine exotherme Reaktion tief im Bad ablaufen zu lassen, anstatt sie dem Stand der Technik entsprechend, auf einer durch umständliche Vorkehrungen von Schlacken befreiten Oberflächenzone einzuleiten, wobei die entstandene Wärme zum Teil verloren geht und die Raktionsprodukte durch Inertgasspülung im Bad verteilt werden müssen.The basic idea of the invention is that it must be advantageous to allow an exothermic reaction to take place deep in the bath instead of initiating it in accordance with the prior art on a surface zone which has been freed from slags by cumbersome precautions, with some of the heat generated being lost goes and the reaction products must be distributed in the bathroom by inert gas flushing.
Als Sauerstofflieferant kann im Prinzip jedes geeignete Oxyd wie bspw. Fe₂0₃ dienen. Hierbei ist zu bedenken, dass der metallische Sauerstoffakzeptor, vorzugsweise Aluminium, in diesem Fall Reduktionsarbeit zu leisten hat, die Wärme beansprucht. Vorteilhafter ist es demnach, als Sauerstofflieferanten Peroxyde zu verwenden wie bspw. Calciumperoxyd, das den Sauerstoff relativ leicht, bei etwa 290° C abgibt.In principle, any suitable oxide such as Fe₂0₃ can serve as an oxygen supplier. It should be borne in mind here that the metallic oxygen acceptor, preferably aluminum, in this case has to do reduction work which requires heat. It is therefore more advantageous to use peroxides as oxygen suppliers, for example calcium peroxide, which releases the oxygen relatively easily at about 290 ° C.
Bei der Reation 2A1 + 3Ca0₂= A1₂0₃ + 3Ca0 entsteht im Bad ein Oxydgemisch das reinigende Eigenschaften besitzt, sowie eine hohe Wärmemenge, die sich im Bad verteilt.With the reaction 2A1 + 3Ca0₂ = A1₂0₃ + 3Ca0, an oxide mixture is created in the bath which has cleaning properties, as well as a large amount of heat which is distributed in the bath.
Selbstverständlich könnte man zum Einführen eines Gemisches aus Metallpulvern und Sauerstofflieferanten Tauchlanzen oder Bodendüsen ins Auge fassen, doch wären hierbei neben einem sehr schnellen Verschleiss des Düsen- bzw. des Lanzenausgangs vorzeitige Reaktionen im Kanal zu befürchten, die sich in Richtung zum Düsen- bzw. Lanzeneingang fortpflanzen und zu Unfällen führen könnten. Die Verwendung eines Fülldrahtes mit einer Stahlhülle hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass die Reaktion erst einsetzt wenn das Gemisch sich bereits unter der Badoberfläche befindet.Of course, one could consider immersion lances or floor nozzles for introducing a mixture of metal powders and oxygen suppliers, but in addition to very rapid wear of the nozzle or lance outlet, there would be fear of premature reactions in the channel, which would occur in the direction of the nozzle or lance inlet reproduce and could lead to accidents. The use of a cored wire with a steel sheath has the advantage that the reaction only starts when the mixture is already under the surface of the bath.
Man kann auch einen Fülldraht vorsehen, dessen Hülle ein Aluminiumband ist; in diesem Fall ist jedoch ebenfalls das Risiko einer vorzeitigen Reaktion gegeben.One can also provide a cored wire, the sheath of which is an aluminum band; in this case, however, there is also a risk of an early reaction.
Um solchen Risiken vorzubeugen wird die Füllung verdünnt, am besten mit Kalk oder mit einem Gemisch aus Kalk/Flusspat. Dieses Verdünnen hat auch zum Zweck, die Bildung von Einschlüssen zu verhindern oder zumindest abzuschwächen, indem das Verdünnungsmittel jene nach oben wegschwämmt. Um diesen Effeckt zu verstärken, kann man eine Inertgas-Bodenspülung vornehmen, wobei die Gasdurchsätze, dem weiter oben Ausgeführten entsprechend, nur schwach sein dürfen (etwa 0,05 - 0,1 Nm³/t.Minute).In order to prevent such risks, the filling is diluted, preferably with lime or with a mixture of lime / river paste. The purpose of this dilution is also to prevent or at least weaken the formation of inclusions by the diluent floating away upwards. In order to intensify this effect, an inert gas flushing can be carried out, whereby the gas throughputs, according to the above, may only be weak (about 0.05 - 0.1 Nm³ / t.minute).
Prinzipiell sind sämtliche gängigen Fülldrahtkonstruktionen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeignet, wobei allerdings diejenigen Fülldrahtkonstruktionen, bei denen die Hüllenränder verschweisst werden müssen, aus naheliegenden Gründen nicht anwendbar sind.In principle, all common cored wire constructions are suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, although those cored wire constructions in which the casing edges have to be welded cannot be used for obvious reasons.
In eine Stahlwerkspfanne, enthaltend 138 Tonnen Rohstahl der Alumnium-beruhigten Güte St 52, wurden gleichzeitig und mit identischer Geschwindigkeit, zwei Fülldrähte eingespult. Die Pfanne war abgedeckt und der Deckel war mit zwei Oeffnungen zum Einspulen vorgesehen. Der Fülldraht bestand aus einer Mischung von 25,07 Gew.-% Aluminium und 74,93 Gew.-% von Fe₂0₃ mit einem Restanteil an Gangart in der Grössenordnung von 2 %. Der Fülldraht war eisenummantelt und hatte einen Durchmesser von 13 mm.Two cored wires were wound into a steel mill ladle containing 138 tons of crude steel of the aluminum-calmed grade St 52 simultaneously and at the same speed. The pan was covered and the lid was provided with two openings for winding. The cored wire consisted of a mixture of 25.07 wt .-% aluminum and 74.93 wt .-% of Fe₂0₃ with a residual proportion of gait in the order of 2%. The cored wire was iron-coated and had a diameter of 13 mm.
5.000 m dieses Fülldrahtes wurden in 15 Minuten eingespult. Vor Auflegen des Deckels auf die Pfanne und Einspulen des Fülldrahtes wurden noch 34 kg Fluss-Spat und 500 kg Calciumoxyd auf die Pfanne aufgegeben. Die Zugabe von Calciumoxyd verfolgte in diesem Fall den Zweck, nach der Verbrennung des Aluminiums eine Perrin-ähnliche Entschwefelungs-Schlacke herzustellen.5,000 m of this cored wire were wound in in 15 minutes. Before the lid was placed on the pan and the cored wire was wound in, 34 kg of river spar and 500 kg of calcium oxide were added to the pan. The purpose of the addition of calcium oxide in this case was to produce a Perrin-like desulfurization slag after the aluminum had been burned.
Nach dieser Zugabe und Auflegung des Deckels betrug die Stahltemperatur im Bad 1.577 °C und der Sauerstoffgehalt 30,3 ppm. Während der ganzen Einspulzeit wurde der flüssige Stahl durch eine Bodeneindüsung, über Bodenspülsteine, mit 2 Nm³/h Argon homogenisiert.After this addition and placement of the lid, the steel temperature in the bath was 1,577 ° C. and the oxygen content was 30.3 ppm. The liquid steel was homogenized with 2 Nm³ / h argon by injecting the floor over the floor purging stones during the entire winding time.
Im Verlauf der 15 Minuten dauernden Fülldrahteinspulung konnte die Badtemperatur auf 1.576 °C gehalten werden. In Anbetracht einer natürlichen Abkühlung von rund 1 °C pro Minute in einem unbehandelten und ruhenden Bad wird ersichtlich, dass die Einspulung des Fülldrahtes einen tatsächlichen Temperaturgewinn erbrachte. Der thermische Wirkungsgrad, bezogen auf das Aluminium in der Drahteinspulung alle in, belief sich auf 82,9 %.The bath temperature could be kept at 1,576 ° C. over the course of the 15-minute cored wire winding. In view of a natural cooling of around 1 ° C per minute in an untreated and still bath, it can be seen that the winding of the cored wire resulted in an actual temperature gain. The thermal efficiency, based on the aluminum in the wire winding all in, was 82.9%.
Am Ende der Einspulung betrug der Sauerstoffgehalt der Schmelze 1,6 ppm. Ausser der Absenkung des freien Sauerstoffgehalt konnte durch die Einspulung des Drahtes in das Stahlbad und durch die durch bodeneingeblasenes Argon hervorgerufene Verwirbelung der Perrinähnlichen Schlacke, eine positive Wirkung auf den Gehalt an Einschlüssen erwirkt werden.At the end of the winding, the oxygen content of the melt was 1.6 ppm. In addition to the reduction in the free oxygen content, a positive effect on the inclusion content could be achieved by winding the wire into the steel bath and by swirling the Perrin-like slag caused by argon blown into the bottom.
Zur Einstellung der gewünschten Endanalyse wurden bei Versuchsende noch Ferro-Nb, Ferro-Si sowie Ferro-Mn-Legierungen zugegeben; der Stahl wurde dann bei einer Temperatur von 1.560 °C vergossen.To set the desired final analysis, Ferro-Nb, Ferro-Si and Ferro-Mn alloys were added at the end of the test; the steel was then cast at a temperature of 1,560 ° C.
Die angestrebten, sowie die Stahlanalysen nach Einspulung und Endzulegierung sind aus der folgenden Tafel ersichtlich:
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU86552 | 1986-08-11 | ||
| LU86552A LU86552A1 (en) | 1986-08-11 | 1986-08-11 | METHOD AND MEANS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY HEATING AND CLEANING METAL BATHS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0263255A1 true EP0263255A1 (en) | 1988-04-13 |
Family
ID=19730753
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87111094A Withdrawn EP0263255A1 (en) | 1986-08-11 | 1987-07-31 | Method and agent for heating and refining at the same time molten metals |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4773929A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0263255A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6347329A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7655287A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU86552A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2630131A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-20 | Affival | METHOD OF DESULFURIZING FONTES |
| AT390805B (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1990-07-10 | Voest Alpine Stahl Donawitz | METHOD FOR HEATING STEEL MELT AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| WO1992012266A1 (en) * | 1991-01-10 | 1992-07-23 | Usx Engineers And Consultants, Inc. | A method of promoting the decarburization reaction in a vacuum refining furnace |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2594850A1 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-08-28 | Vallourec | TUBULAR ENCLOSED COMPOSITE PRODUCT COMPRISING COMPACT MATERIAL FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIQUID METALS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| US5391348A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-02-21 | Magneco/Metrel, Inc. | Apparatus and method for making steel alloys in a tundish |
| FR2871477B1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-09-29 | Affival Sa Sa | WIRE FOURRE |
| US8828117B2 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2014-09-09 | Gregory L. Dressel | Composition and process for improved efficiency in steel making |
| KR20130102380A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-17 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Apparatus for supplying deposition material |
| CN113549731B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-11-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for reducing aluminum killed steel inclusions |
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| US4518422A (en) * | 1982-11-17 | 1985-05-21 | Arbed S.A. | Process and apparatus for refining steel in a metallurgical vessel |
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| US4698095A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1987-10-06 | Tohei Ototani | Composite calcium clads for treating molten iron |
-
1986
- 1986-08-11 LU LU86552A patent/LU86552A1/en unknown
-
1987
- 1987-07-31 EP EP87111094A patent/EP0263255A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-08-04 AU AU76552/87A patent/AU7655287A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1987-08-06 US US07/082,833 patent/US4773929A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-08-11 JP JP62200723A patent/JPS6347329A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE898595C (en) * | 1950-02-06 | 1953-12-03 | Leo Henry Timmins | Method of cleaning molten iron |
| CH486935A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1970-03-15 | Feichtinger Heinrich Ing Dr | Process and device for heating melts by exothermic reactions |
| DE2253630C2 (en) * | 1971-11-09 | 1984-11-29 | ARBED S.A., Luxemburg/Luxembourg | Method of treating steel in a ladle |
| DE2421743B2 (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1979-06-07 | Ototani, Tohei, Sendai (Japan) | Process for producing a rod-shaped deoxidizing and desulfurizing agent for iron or steel melts or the like |
| DE2655865A1 (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1977-11-24 | Slater Steel Ind Ltd | PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS STEEL CASTING |
| US4342590A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-08-03 | Luyckx Leon A | Exothermic steel ladle desulfurizer and method for its use |
| EP0064019A1 (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-11-03 | Arbed S.A. | Process and apparatus for the desulphurisation of iron-based melts |
| US4518422A (en) * | 1982-11-17 | 1985-05-21 | Arbed S.A. | Process and apparatus for refining steel in a metallurgical vessel |
| US4518422B1 (en) * | 1982-11-17 | 1999-06-08 | Wurth Paul Sa | Process and apparatus for refining steel in a metallurgical vessel |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2630131A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-20 | Affival | METHOD OF DESULFURIZING FONTES |
| EP0342132A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-11-15 | Affival | Process for the desulfurization of pig iron |
| AT390805B (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1990-07-10 | Voest Alpine Stahl Donawitz | METHOD FOR HEATING STEEL MELT AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| WO1992012266A1 (en) * | 1991-01-10 | 1992-07-23 | Usx Engineers And Consultants, Inc. | A method of promoting the decarburization reaction in a vacuum refining furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LU86552A1 (en) | 1988-03-02 |
| US4773929A (en) | 1988-09-27 |
| JPS6347329A (en) | 1988-02-29 |
| AU7655287A (en) | 1988-02-18 |
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