EP0262005B1 - Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method - Google Patents
Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0262005B1 EP0262005B1 EP87401875A EP87401875A EP0262005B1 EP 0262005 B1 EP0262005 B1 EP 0262005B1 EP 87401875 A EP87401875 A EP 87401875A EP 87401875 A EP87401875 A EP 87401875A EP 0262005 B1 EP0262005 B1 EP 0262005B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cup
- electrode
- platinum
- tip
- platinum tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug, comprising inserting a copper insert (5) into a nickel cup (1), extruding the cup-mer assembly. , to shape it to obtain a bimetallic electrode, and to fix a point of platinum (2) on the nickel cup (1).
- the two functions of an electric engine spark plug are to ignite a spark between the active central electrode and the ground electrode and to evacuate the calories from the combustion chamber.
- the construction of the central electrode is therefore of great importance for the above-mentioned functions.
- Processes are known for manufacturing bimetallic electrodes, essentially consisting of three operations well defined by the prior art.
- a cup is formed from an alloyed nickel wire.
- a copper insert is introduced into the cup and in a third operation, the cup and the piece are extruded to obtain an electrode which can be used as active central electrode in a spark plug.
- the copper insert forms a core which is used for the dissipation of heat, which is necessary because the working temperature in the part exposed to the combustion of gases reaches more than 800 ° C.
- a platinum tip is fixed on the alloy nickel cup constituting with the end of the cup a part of the electrode which projects out of the insulator.
- This platinum tip can be welded electrically or according to another manufacturing process, crimped on the bimetallic electrode with a copper core.
- Bimetallic electrodes with crimped platinum wire are also known, extending over the entire length of the electrode.
- EP-A 0 171 994 describes a method of fixing a platinum tip on a pre-assembled bimetallic electrode consisting of a nickel cup into which a copper core has been introduced.
- This fixing process consists of electrical resistance welding.
- a precious metal tip in the form of a thin cylindrical wire is welded to the front end face of the electrode and is simultaneously subjected to a pressure intended to deform the precious metal tip on the welded surface. to define a flange portion.
- the contact surface of the precious metal tip is thus widened in order to provide a relatively large contact surface between the tip and the bimetallic electrode to improve the poor resistance of the precious metal tip over time.
- the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a method of fixing a platinum tip on a central electrode.
- Fig. 1 shows the result of the first two operations of the method of the invention, according to which a cylindrical cup 1 is formed from an alloyed nickel wire, not shown, and a central tip of platinum 2, preferably cylindrical, is electrically welded in 3 at the end of the cup 1.
- the result of the following two operations is shown in FIG. 2.
- the platinum tip 2 the melting point of which is approximately 1770 ° C, is electrically welded to the cup 1, the melting point of which is approximately 1400 ° C, and securely attached to this cup the by a solder 4 at high temperature (about 1200 ° C) carried out under vacuum.
- a cylindrical copper insert 5 is introduced into the cup.
- Fig.3 shows an electrode blank obtained by extruding the assembly formed by the alloyed nickel cup 1 and the copper insert 5 which forms an elongated core 5, always cylindrical inside the cup 1, the platinum tip 2 and the solder 4 retaining their shape at the center of the closed end of the cup.
- the extrusion operation is followed by forming the electrode according to Fig. 4.
- the open end 6 of the cup shown in Fig.3, is cut to establish the desired length of the electrode.
- a collar 7 for holding the electrode is formed in the channel of the insulator of a spark plug (not shown).
- the bimetallic electrode is then finished.
- the platinum tip 2 can then be crushed, as shown in Fig.5, to present a larger active spark area 8.
- Figs. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the method according to the invention providing an improvement to the method described with reference to Figs 1 to 5.
- the cup 1 is formed with an axial stud 9 made from one piece, on which a platinum tip 10 having a reduced length compared to the length of the platinum tip already described, is electrically welded and brazed. It is thus possible to reduce the length of inactive platinum present in the solder and since platinum is a very expensive precious metal, it is advantageous to be able in this way to reduce up to 50% the quantity of noble material used compared to the quantities required according to known methods.
- a copper insert 5 is introduced into the cup, as shown in Fig. 7 and already described with reference to Fig. 2.
- the method according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of carrying out the brazing of a platinum point on a cup of alloyed nickel and one thus obtains an electrode with platinum point mounted and fixed in a reliable and durable manner. This results in the longevity of a spark plug provided with such an electrode being improved at the same time as the manufacturing costs of the electrode are reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une électrode centrale bimétalliques à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage consistant à introduire un insert de cuivre (5) dans une coupelle en nickel (1), à extruder l'ensemble coupelle-mert, à le mettre en forme pour obtenir une électrode bimétallique, et à fixer une pointe de platine (2) sur la coupelle en nickel (1).The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug, comprising inserting a copper insert (5) into a nickel cup (1), extruding the cup-mer assembly. , to shape it to obtain a bimetallic electrode, and to fix a point of platinum (2) on the nickel cup (1).
Les deux fonctions d'une bougie d'allumage électrique de moteurs thermiques sont d'allumer une étincelle entre l'électrode centrale active et l'électrode de masse et d'évacuer les calories de la chambre de combustion. La construction de l'électrode centrale est donc d'une grande importance pour les fonctions précitées.The two functions of an electric engine spark plug are to ignite a spark between the active central electrode and the ground electrode and to evacuate the calories from the combustion chamber. The construction of the central electrode is therefore of great importance for the above-mentioned functions.
C'est ainsi qu'on a été amené à réaliser des électrodes centrales bimétalliques à âme de cuivre améliorant la conduction thermique de l'électrode et à revêtement de nickel.This is how we came to make bimetallic central electrodes with a copper core improving the thermal conduction of the electrode and with a nickel coating.
On connait des procédés de fabrication d'électrodes bimétalliques, consistant essentiellement en trois opérations bien définies par la technique antérieure. Dans une première opération, on forme une coupelle à partir d'un fil en nickel allié. Dans une seconde opération, on introduit un insert de cuivre dans la coupelle et dans une troisième opération on extrude la coupelle et le lopin pour obtenir une électrode utilisable comme électrode centrale active dans une bougie d'allumage.Processes are known for manufacturing bimetallic electrodes, essentially consisting of three operations well defined by the prior art. In a first operation, a cup is formed from an alloyed nickel wire. In a second operation, a copper insert is introduced into the cup and in a third operation, the cup and the piece are extruded to obtain an electrode which can be used as active central electrode in a spark plug.
Lors de l'extrusion, l'insert de cuivre forme une âme qui sert à la dissipation de la chaleur, ce qui est nécessaire car la température de travail dans la partie exposée à la combustion des gaz atteint plus de 800°C.During the extrusion, the copper insert forms a core which is used for the dissipation of heat, which is necessary because the working temperature in the part exposed to the combustion of gases reaches more than 800 ° C.
Pour améliorer les caractéristiques de l'étincelle entre l'électrode active et l'électrode de masse, on fixe sur la coupelle en nickel allié une pointe de platine constituant avec l'extrémité de la coupelle une partie de l'électrode qui fait saillie hors de l'isolateur. Cette pointe de platine peut être soudée électriquement ou selon un autre procédé de fabrication, sertie sur l'électrode bimétallique à âme de cuivre.To improve the characteristics of the spark between the active electrode and the ground electrode, a platinum tip is fixed on the alloy nickel cup constituting with the end of the cup a part of the electrode which projects out of the insulator. This platinum tip can be welded electrically or according to another manufacturing process, crimped on the bimetallic electrode with a copper core.
On connaît également des électrodes bimétalliques à fil de platine serti, s'étendant sur toute la longueur de l'électrode.Bimetallic electrodes with crimped platinum wire are also known, extending over the entire length of the electrode.
Les procédés connus d'assemblage d'une pointe de platine sur une électrode centrale ont pour inconvénient une mauvaise tenue de la pointe de platine dans le temps en raison de la faiblesse de son assemblage avec le reste de l'électrode.The known methods of assembling a platinum tip on a central electrode have the disadvantage of poor resistance of the platinum tip over time due to the weakness of its assembly with the rest of the electrode.
Tel est le cas par exemple du procédé décrit dans le brevet BE-A 904 355. Ce document propose un procédé selon lequel un insert en métal précieux ou semiprécieux est introduit dans un trou ménagé dans une billette composite et ensuite fixé dans ce trou par sertissage à l'aide d'une opération d'extrusion.This is the case, for example, of the method described in patent BE-A 904 355. This document proposes a method according to which a precious or semi-precious metal insert is introduced into a hole made in a composite billet and then fixed in this hole by crimping using an extrusion operation.
Le EP-A 0 171 994 décrit un procédé de fixation d'une pointe de platine sur une électrode bimétallique préassemblée constituée d'une coupelle en nickel dans laquelle a été introduite une âme de cuivre. Ce procédé de fixation consiste en un soudage électrique par résistance. Suivant ce procédé, une pointe de métal précieux sous la forme d'un fil cylindrique mince est soudée à la face d'extrémité avant de l'éléctrode et est simultanément soumise à une pression destinée à déformer la pointe de métal précieux sur la surface soudée afin de définir une partie formant bride. La surface de contact de la pointe de métal précieux est ainsi élargie afin de fournir une surface de contact relativement large entre la pointe et l'électrode bimétallique pour améliorer la mauvaise tenue de la pointe de métal précieux dans le temps.EP-A 0 171 994 describes a method of fixing a platinum tip on a pre-assembled bimetallic electrode consisting of a nickel cup into which a copper core has been introduced. This fixing process consists of electrical resistance welding. According to this method, a precious metal tip in the form of a thin cylindrical wire is welded to the front end face of the electrode and is simultaneously subjected to a pressure intended to deform the precious metal tip on the welded surface. to define a flange portion. The contact surface of the precious metal tip is thus widened in order to provide a relatively large contact surface between the tip and the bimetallic electrode to improve the poor resistance of the precious metal tip over time.
Par ailleurs, il n'était jusqu'à présent pas possible d'assembler une pointe de platine par brasage sur une électrode bimétallique en cuivre-nickel en raison du point de fusion élevé que nécessite la brasure (environ 1200°C) alors que le point de fusion du cuivre est plus bas (environ 960°C).Furthermore, it has hitherto not been possible to assemble a platinum tip by brazing on a bimetallic copper-nickel electrode due to the high melting point required by soldering (approximately 1200 ° C.) while the copper melting point is lower (around 960 ° C).
L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de fixation d'une pointe de platine sur une électrode centrale.The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a method of fixing a platinum tip on a central electrode.
Elle a donc pour objet un procédé defabrication d'une électrode centrale bimétallique à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage consistant à introduire un insert de cuivre dans une coupelle en nickel, à extruder l'ensemble coupelle-insert, à le mettre en forme pour obtenir une électrode bimétallique, et à fixer und pointe de platine sur une coupelle en nickel, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de fixation de la pointe de platine est effectuée avant l'introduction de l'insert de cuivre dans la coupelle et comprend une première phase consistant à positionner par soudage électrique la pointe de platine sur la coupelle en nickel et une deuxième phase consistant à fixer définitivement par brasage sous vide la pointe de platine sur la coupelle dépourvue de l'insert de cuivre.It therefore relates to a method of manufacturing a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug consisting in introducing a copper insert into a nickel cup, in extruding the cup-insert assembly, in shaping it to obtain a bimetallic electrode, and to fix a platinum tip on a nickel cup, characterized in that the platinum tip fixing operation is carried out before the introduction of the copper insert into the cup and comprises a first phase consisting in positioning the platinum tip on the nickel cup by electrical welding and a second phase consisting in permanently fixing the platinum tip on the cup without the copper insert by vacuum brazing.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:
- - les Fig. 1 à 4 sont des vues en coupe montrant les phases successives du procédé de l'invention;
- - la Fig. 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale montrant une phase supplémentaire du procédé de l'invention en vue de l'obtention d'une électrode à pointe de platine aplatie; et
- - les Fig. 6 et 7 sont des vues correspondant aux Fig. 1 et 2 montrant les premières phases du procédé de l'invention pour réalisation d'une variante d'électrode à pointe de platine.
- - Figs. 1 to 4 are sectional views showing the successive phases of the process of the invention;
- - Fig. 5 is a view in longitudinal section showing an additional phase of the process of the invention with a view to obtaining an electrode with a flattened platinum point; and
- - Figs. 6 and 7 are views corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the first phases of the process of the invention for producing a variant of electrode with a platinum tip.
La Fig. 1 montre le résultat des deux premières opérations du procédé de l'invention, selon lesquelles une coupelle cylindrique 1 est forméé à partir d'un fil en nickel allié, non représenté, et une pointe centrale de platine 2 de préférence cylindrique est soudée électriquement en 3 à l'extrémité de la coupelle 1.Fig. 1 shows the result of the first two operations of the method of the invention, according to which a
Le résultat des deux opérations suivantes est montré à la Fig. 2. La pointe de platine 2 dont le point de fusion est d'environ 1770°C est soudée électriquement sur la coupelle 1 dont le point de fusion est d'environ 1400°C et fixée solidement à cette coupelle par une brasure 4 à haute température (environ 1200°C) effectuée sous vide. Ensuite, un insert cylindrique de cuivre 5 est introduit dans la coupelle.The result of the following two operations is shown in FIG. 2. The platinum tip 2, the melting point of which is approximately 1770 ° C, is electrically welded to the
La Fig.3 montre une ébauche d'électrode obtenue par extrusion de l'ensemble formé par la coupelle en nickel allié 1 et l'insert de cuivre 5 qui forme une âme allongée 5, toujours cylindrique à l'intérieur de la coupelle 1, la pointe de platine 2 et la brasure 4 conservant leur forme au centre de l'extrémité fermée de la coupelle.Fig.3 shows an electrode blank obtained by extruding the assembly formed by the
L'opération d'extrusion est suivie d'un formage de l'électrode selon la Fig.4. L'extrémité ouverte 6 de la coupelle représentée à la Fig.3, est découpée pour établir la longueur voulue de l'électrode. Ensuite, on forme un collet 7 de maintien de l'électrode dans le canal de l'isolateur d'une bougie (non représenté).The extrusion operation is followed by forming the electrode according to Fig. 4. The open end 6 of the cup shown in Fig.3, is cut to establish the desired length of the electrode. Next, a
L'électrode bimétallique est alors terminée.The bimetallic electrode is then finished.
Selon une variante, la pointe de platine 2 peut ensuite être écrasée, comme le montre la Fig.5, pour présenter une surface d'étincelage active 8 plus importante.Alternatively, the platinum tip 2 can then be crushed, as shown in Fig.5, to present a larger active spark area 8.
Les Fig.6 et 7 montrent un autre mode de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention apportant un perfectionnement au procédé décrit en référence aux Fig.1 à 5.Figs. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the method according to the invention providing an improvement to the method described with reference to Figs 1 to 5.
La coupelle 1 est formée avec un téton axial 9 venu de matière, sur lequel une pointe de platine 10 ayant une longueur réduite par rapport à la longueur de la pointe de platine déjà décrite, est soudée électriquement et brasée. On peut ainsi réduire le longueur de platine inactif se trouvant dans la brasure et comme le platine est un métal précieux très coûteux, il est avantageux de pouvoir de cette façon di minuer jusqu'à 50% la quantité de matière noble utilisée par rapport aux quantités requises selon les procédés connus.The
Après l'assemblage par soudage et brasage de la pointe de platine 2 sur le téton 8, un insert de cuivre 5 est introduit dans la coupelle, comme représenté à la Fig.7 et déjà décrit en référence à la Fig.2.After assembly by welding and brazing of the plate tip 2 on the stud 8, a
Les phases ultérieures de fabrication de l'électrode sont identiques à celles décrites en référence aux Fig.3 à 5.The subsequent manufacturing phases of the electrode are identical to those described with reference to Figs. 3 to 5.
Le procédé selon l'invention donne donc la possibilité d'effectuer le brasage d'une pointe de platine sur une coupelle de nickel allié et l'on obtient ainsi une électrode à pointe de platine montée et fixée d'une façon fiable et durable. Cela a pour résultat que la longévité d'une bougie munie d'une telle électrode est améliorée en même temps que les coûts de fabrication de l'électrode sont réduits.The method according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of carrying out the brazing of a platinum point on a cup of alloyed nickel and one thus obtains an electrode with platinum point mounted and fixed in a reliable and durable manner. This results in the longevity of a spark plug provided with such an electrode being improved at the same time as the manufacturing costs of the electrode are reduced.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8612558A FR2603749B1 (en) | 1986-09-08 | 1986-09-08 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BIMETALLIC CENTRAL ELECTRODE HAVING A PLATINUM TIP FOR SPARK PLUG AND ELECTRODE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS |
| FR8612558 | 1986-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0262005A1 EP0262005A1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| EP0262005B1 true EP0262005B1 (en) | 1990-06-06 |
Family
ID=9338770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87401875A Expired - Lifetime EP0262005B1 (en) | 1986-09-08 | 1987-08-12 | Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4803395A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0262005B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63133476A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3763123D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2015078B3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2603749B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4810220A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-03-07 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method for manufacturing electrodes for a spark plug |
| GB2234920A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1991-02-20 | Ford Motor Co | Forming an erosion resistant tip on an electrode |
| US5081563A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-01-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Multi-layer package incorporating a recessed cavity for a semiconductor chip |
| JPH05234662A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-09-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Electrode for spark plug and its manufacture |
| JP2853108B2 (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1999-02-03 | 日本特殊陶業 株式会社 | Spark plug |
| JP3315462B2 (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 2002-08-19 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Spark plug |
| US5675209A (en) * | 1995-06-19 | 1997-10-07 | Hoskins Manufacturing Company | Electrode material for a spark plug |
| DE19738574A1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-11 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Electrode and method and apparatus for making the same |
| JP4220218B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2009-02-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Manufacturing method of center electrode for spark plug |
| KR100973026B1 (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2010-08-03 | 주식회사 유라테크 | Spark plug manufacturing method |
| KR100960281B1 (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-07 | 주식회사 유라테크 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing spark plug |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB976798A (en) * | ||||
| US2955222A (en) * | 1958-06-25 | 1960-10-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Center electrode structure for spark plugs and process for making the same |
| US3332140A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1967-07-25 | Nippon Denso Co | Process for fixing contact point |
| US3548239A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1970-12-15 | Champion Spark Plug Co | Spark plug electrode construction |
| US4699600A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1987-10-13 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug and method of manufacturing the same |
| US4904216A (en) * | 1983-09-13 | 1990-02-27 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Process for producing the center electrode of spark plug |
| US4700103A (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1987-10-13 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug and its electrode configuration |
| US4684352A (en) * | 1985-03-11 | 1987-08-04 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Method for producing a composite spark plug center electrode |
| US4705486A (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1987-11-10 | Allied Corporation | Method for manufacturing a center electrode for a spark plug |
-
1986
- 1986-09-08 FR FR8612558A patent/FR2603749B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-08-12 ES ES87401875T patent/ES2015078B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-08-12 DE DE8787401875T patent/DE3763123D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-08-12 EP EP87401875A patent/EP0262005B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-04 US US07/093,003 patent/US4803395A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-09-04 JP JP62222888A patent/JPS63133476A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2603749A1 (en) | 1988-03-11 |
| US4803395A (en) | 1989-02-07 |
| DE3763123D1 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
| EP0262005A1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| ES2015078B3 (en) | 1990-08-01 |
| JPS63133476A (en) | 1988-06-06 |
| FR2603749B1 (en) | 1992-06-05 |
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