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EP0245503A1 - Composition herbicide solide difficile a avaler - Google Patents

Composition herbicide solide difficile a avaler

Info

Publication number
EP0245503A1
EP0245503A1 EP19850905675 EP85905675A EP0245503A1 EP 0245503 A1 EP0245503 A1 EP 0245503A1 EP 19850905675 EP19850905675 EP 19850905675 EP 85905675 A EP85905675 A EP 85905675A EP 0245503 A1 EP0245503 A1 EP 0245503A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
paraquat
parts
herbicidal
herbicidal composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP19850905675
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kazuhiro Yamashita
Mamoru Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SDS Biotech Corp
Original Assignee
SDS Biotech Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SDS Biotech Corp filed Critical SDS Biotech Corp
Publication of EP0245503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0245503A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/12—Powders or granules
    • A01N25/14—Powders or granules wettable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a contra- deglutitious solid herbicidal composition (i.e., a herbicidal composition not easy to swallow) . More specifically, it relates to a contradeglutitious solid herbicidal composition containing, as a herbicidal agent, a 1,1' -dimethyl-4,4' -dipyridylium salt (i.e., so-called "paraquat”) , which is not easily swallowed even if such a paraquat solution is accidentally or intentionally drunk.
  • a contradeglutitious solid herbicidal composition containing, as a herbicidal agent, a 1,1' -dimethyl-4,4' -dipyridylium salt (i.e., so-called "paraquat")
  • Herbicides or pesticides practically used must be registered, after being subjected to a severe examination including the toxicity and safety thereof based on the laws and regulations concerned. Accordingly, as long as herbicides or pesticides are properly used according to instructions for use, they will not harm the human body in any way. However, the present status is such that toxic or poisonous accidents caused by a portion of herbicides or pesticides still occur in spite of the fact that the proper handling of herbicides or pesticides and the preventing of injury thereby to the human body has been taught and the dangers of improper usage have been widely announced for a long time.
  • paraquat a herbicide, paraquat
  • a herbicide paraquat
  • paraquat has very strong acute toxicity and is commercially available in the form of an aqueous solution having a relatively high con ⁇ centration.
  • Paraquat is generally marketed as an about 20% to 30% aqueous solution.
  • the raw paraquat solution is diluted 300 to 1500 times with water and the resultant diluted paraquat solution is generally sprayed as a weed-killer in an amount of 100 to 150 liters per
  • the oral acute toxicity of paraquat is an LD of 166 to 217 g/kg (rat) and it is reported in "Kyukyu Igaku” 4(4), p 399 (1980) that the lethal dose of paraquat for humans is approximately 15 ml of the 20% aqueous solution.
  • the objects of the present invention are to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of paraquat and to provide a contradeglutitious solid herbicidal composition capable of effectively preventing the occurrence of accidents or injuries from acute poisoning caused by an accidental or intentional intake of paraquat, without impairing the essential charac ⁇ teristics, e.g., strong herbicidal effects and easy applicability, of paraquat.
  • a contradeglutitious solid herbicidal co - position comprising a 1,1 '-dimethyl-4, 4 '-dipyridylium salt and a thickening agent.
  • the herbicidal composition is in a solid form and contains a thickening agent, it is difficult to swallow in the solid form itself and, if an amount of the composition corresponding to a lethal does to human beings is dissolved in a glass of water, only a non-fluidizable mixture, which is difficult to swallow, is obtained.
  • the present solid herbicidal composition can be changed to an aqueous solution by diluting the co - position with a large amount of water.
  • the paraquat concentration of this diluted solution is very low, a lethal amount cannot be ingested unless a remarkably large amount of the diluted solution is drunk.
  • the present solid herbicidal composition can be stored and transported in glass and plastic vessels, and since the present solid herbicidal composition can be used oh-site by diluting with water, there is no substantial differ ⁇ ence betv/een the present solid herbicidal composition and conventional commercially available paraquat solutions in the transportation, handling, and applicability thereof.
  • the present solid herbicidal composition becomes a low viscosity solution suitable for spraying.
  • the solid herbicidal composition according to the present invention may optionally contain, in addition to the essential paraquat and thickening agent, various conventional ingredients such as colorants, odorants, and nauseants, to further improve the safety thereof.
  • various conventional ingredients such as colorants, odorants, and nauseants
  • surfactants and other herbicidal active components also can be included in the present herbicidal composition to improve the herbicidal effects and the applicability of the herbicidal composition.
  • the paraquat usable in the present herbicidal composition is preferably in the form of a solid.
  • 1,1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-dipyridylium salts e.g., dichloride, dibromide, and bismethylsulfate or the complex salts with, for example, manganese, iron, urea, thiourea, p-aminophenol, catechol
  • the industrially or commercially available paraquat solutions also can be used in the preparation of the present solid herbicidal composition by adding a water-absorbing inorganic fine powder to form an apparently water-free fluidizable solid paraquat.
  • Any water-absorbing inorganic fine powder can be used for this purpose so long as the herbicidal effects of the paraquat and the characteristics of the thickening agents are not adversely affected.
  • water-absorbing inorganic fine powders are white carbon, diatomaceous earth, finely divided calcium silicate, perlite, calcined kaoline, and zeolite. These can be used alone or in any mixture thereof.
  • the addition amount of the water-absorbing inorganic fine powder as long as the paraquat solution can be solidified.
  • an equal amount of the powder can be mixed with 10 times the amount of the water contained in the aqueous paraquat solution.
  • the paraquat concentration of the present solid herbicidal com ⁇ positions There are no critical limitations to the paraquat concentration of the present solid herbicidal com ⁇ positions. However, when the paraquat concentration is too low, only a small dilution ratio of the composition with water is required to obtained the desired concen ⁇ tration when spraying on-site and, therefore, spraying tends to become difficult from the standpoint of both the viscosity and the spraying amount, and the efficiency of the transportation and storage also tends to be decreased. On the other hand, when the paraquat con ⁇ centration in the present herbicidal composition is too high, the above-mentioned problems do not arise but the allowable safety range tends to become small from the point of view of preventing the possible occurrence of toxic or poisonous accidents. For these reasons, the practically preferable concen- tration range of the paraquat in the present herbicidal compositions is from about 5% by weight to 40% by weight.
  • the thickening agents usable in the present inven- tion are those which are capable of increasing the viscosity or forming the gel with the addition of a relatively small amount (e.g., 300 ml or less) of water to the solid herbicidal composition at an ambient temperature in a short period of time.
  • a relatively small amount e.g. 300 ml or less
  • Various natural and synthetic thickening agents can be used in the present invention.
  • Typical examples of such thickening agents are alginic acid salts, propylene glycol alginates; carrageenan, guar gum, modified guar gum, xanthan gum, modified xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose salts, methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, pectine, locust bean gum, carboxymethyl starch salts, pullulan, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid salts, and polyacryl amide.
  • These thickening agents may be used alone or in any mixture thereof.
  • various conventional acids or salts also may be used in the present herbicidal compositions to further improve the gellation or thickening characteristics of the present solid herbicidal composition.
  • inorganic salts can further improve the gellation properties of the present herbicidal compositions.
  • concentrations of the thickening agents in the present herbicidal compositions since the concentrations largely depend upon the type of thickening agent and the concentration of the paraquat component.
  • the thickening agent can be used in an amount such that the herbicidal compositions causes gellation at a paraquat component concentration of 5% by weight or more when the herbicidal composition according to the present invention is diluted with water.
  • the thickening agent can be added in an amount such that all of the composition becomes a high viscous liquid or gel that cannot be easily swallowed when the present herbicidal compositions is diluted with an equal amount of water, in the case of a paraquat concentration of 5%, to 10 times the amount of water in the case of a paraquat concentration of 40%.
  • the solid herbicidal composition according to the present invention may further contain, as an optional component, conventional colorants, odorants, nauseants, and the like to improve the safety of the paraquat herbicide as well as surfactants and other herbicidal active components to improve the herbicidal effects.
  • these optional com ⁇ ponents should be added in such an amount that the herbicidal effects and the other characteristics of the present composition are not adversely affected.
  • Paraquat wettable powders were prepared by uniformly mixing and grinding solid paraquat components and other ingredients in the following formulation ratios: (1) Paraquat dichloride 25 parts
  • Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 60 parts Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-90: Wako Pure
  • Paraquat wettable powders were prepared by uniformly mixing and grinding a concentrated paraquat solution (i.e., aqueous solution containing 37% by weight of paraquat dichloride) and other ingredients in the following formulation ratios:
  • a concentrated paraquat solution i.e., aqueous solution containing 37% by weight of paraquat dichloride
  • Example 1 A 30 g amount of the solid composition prepared in Example 1 was mixed with 150 ml of water while stirring so as to obtain a mixture having a paraquat concen ⁇ tration of 5%. The mixture became pasty shortly after the water was added. Thus, a pasty mixture, which is difficult to be swallowed, was obtained.
  • the resultant pasty paraquat composition was then diluted with water in such a ratio that 50 g of the effective component was included in 150 liters of the diluted composition.
  • the diluted herbicidal composition thus obtained was sprayed under pressure to foliage (or stems and leaves) of crabgrass, purple nutsedge, common lambsquarter, pigweed, and barnyard millet, grown in test pots, by using a pressure type atomizer in such an amount that 50 g of the active component per 10 are was applied.
  • a conventional nonionic type spreading agent was added to the herbicidal com- position.
  • Test Example 2 A 50 g amount of the solid composition prepared in Example 11 was mixed with 150 ml of water while stirring so as to obtain a mixture having a paraquat concentration of 5%. The mixture became pasty shortly after the water was added. Thus, a pasty mixture, which is difficult to be swallowed, was obtained.
  • the resultant pasty paraquat composition was then diluted with water in such a ratio that 50 g of the effective component is included in 150 liters of the diluted composition.
  • the diluted herbicidal composition thus obtained was sprayed under pressure onto the foliage of crabgrass, purple nutsedge, common lambsquarter, pigweed, and barnyard millet grown in test pots, by using a pressure type atomizer in such an amount that 50 g of the active component per 10 are was applied.
  • a conventional nonionic type spreading agent was added to the herbicidal composition.
  • a 50 g amount of the solid composition prepared Example 13 was mixed with 150 ml of water while stirring so as to obtain a mixture having a paraquat concentration of 5%. The mixture became pasty shortly after the water was added. Thus, a pasty mixture, which is difficult to be swallowed, was obtained.
  • the resultant pasty paraquat composition was then diluted with water in such a ratio that 50 g of the effective component was included in 150 liters of the diluted composition.
  • the diluted herbicidal composition thus obtained was sprayed under pressure onto the foliage of crabgrass, purple nutsedge, common lambsquarter, pigweed, and barnyard millet grown in test pots, by using a pressure type atomizer in such an amount that 50 g of the active component per 10 are was applied.
  • a conventional nonionic type spreading agent was added to the herbicidal composition.
  • Test Example 4 A 40 g amount of the solid composition prepared in Example 15 was mixed with 150 ml of water while stirring so as to obtain a mixture having a paraquat concentration of 5%. The mixture became pasty shortly after the water was added. Thus, pasty mixture, which is difficult to be swallowed, was obtained. The resultant pasty paraquat composition was then diluted with water in such a ratio that 50 g of the effective component was included in 150 liters of the diluted composition.
  • the diluted herbicidal composition thus obtained was sprayed under pressure onto the foliage of crabgrass, purple nutsedge, common lambsquarter, pigweed, and barnyard millet grown in test pots, by using a pressure type atomizer in such an amount that 50 g of the active component per 10 ' are was applied.
  • a conventional nonionic type spreading agent was added to the herbicidal composition.
  • no clogging in the spray nozzle of the atomizer occurred.
  • herbicidal effects were compared with those of a commercially available paraquat solution 5 days after the treatment, no substantial difference was observed.
  • Test Example 5 The herbicidal effects of the paraquat wettable powders obtained in Examples 23 to 25 were evaluated in an agricultural field.
  • a 24% aqueous paraquat solution and a 32% bialaphos liquid agent were used.
  • the weeds used for the test were crabgrass having a height of 25 to 30 cm, smartweed having a height of 50 cm, common lambsquarter having a height of 50 cm, and pigweed having a height of 25 cm.
  • the area in each test was 1.5 m x 2 m (i.e.,
  • the diluted herbicidal composition samples' containing 0.3% of a surfactant were sprayed by using a pressure type spray atomizer at an active component amount of 0.5 or 1 kg A.I. (i.e., active ingredient) /ha and at a spraying water amount of 1000 &/ha.
  • Example No. 23 0.5 60 93 70 80 1.0 95 95 100 100
  • Example No. 24 0.5 85 85 90 93 1.0 98 100 100 100
  • Example No. 25 0.5 90 90 90 98 1.0 90 100 100 100

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

La composition ci-décrite comprenant un sel de 1,1'-diméthyle-4,4'-dipyridylium et un agent épaississant est difficile à avaler dans sa forme d'origine ou même lorsqu'elle est diluée dans un verre d'eau. Cette composition n'altère pas les effets herbicides intrinsèques du paraquat et son applicabilité.
EP19850905675 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Composition herbicide solide difficile a avaler Ceased EP0245503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1985/000630 WO1987002864A1 (fr) 1985-11-12 1985-11-12 Composition herbicide solide difficile a avaler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0245503A1 true EP0245503A1 (fr) 1987-11-19

Family

ID=13846631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850905675 Ceased EP0245503A1 (fr) 1985-11-12 1987-05-21 Composition herbicide solide difficile a avaler

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0245503A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8507308A (fr)
DK (1) DK361087A (fr)
FR (1) FR2588723B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2181350B (fr)
HU (1) HUT45365A (fr)
WO (1) WO1987002864A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4874423A (en) * 1985-10-08 1989-10-17 Merck & Co., Inc. Solid, herbicidal complexes
MA22218A1 (fr) * 1990-07-18 1992-04-01 Rhone Poulenc Agrochimie Formulations gelifiees dispersibles dans l'eau
GB9415290D0 (en) * 1994-07-28 1994-09-21 Zeneca Ltd Gel formation
GB0107651D0 (en) * 2001-03-27 2001-05-16 Syngenta Ltd Composition
AU2011226523C1 (en) 2010-03-12 2016-07-14 Monsanto Technology Llc Agrochemical gel compositions

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE786491A (fr) * 1971-07-22 1973-01-19 Ici Ltd Compositions herbicides ameliorees
GB1506568A (en) * 1974-03-19 1978-04-05 Ici Ltd Herbicidal formulations
US4046552A (en) * 1976-04-15 1977-09-06 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Herbicidal compositions of bipyridylium quaternary salts and emetic amounts of s-triazolo pyrimidine derivatives
GB1507407A (en) * 1976-04-15 1978-04-12 Ici Ltd Herbicidal compositions
JPS56152401A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-11-26 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Powdery herbicidal composition and its preparation
CN1010654B (zh) * 1984-08-10 1990-12-05 麦克公司 联吡啶季盐固态除草剂组合物的制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8702864A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK361087D0 (da) 1987-07-10
FR2588723A1 (fr) 1987-04-24
FR2588723B1 (fr) 1990-04-13
GB2181350A (en) 1987-04-23
GB8525136D0 (en) 1985-11-13
GB2181350B (en) 1989-10-18
BR8507308A (pt) 1987-11-03
WO1987002864A1 (fr) 1987-05-21
HUT45365A (en) 1988-07-28
DK361087A (da) 1987-07-10

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Effective date: 19910413

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Inventor name: YAMASHITA, KAZUHIRO

Inventor name: YOSHIDA, MAMORU