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EP0243948B1 - Circuit de contrôle pour une lampe à arc - Google Patents

Circuit de contrôle pour une lampe à arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0243948B1
EP0243948B1 EP87106228A EP87106228A EP0243948B1 EP 0243948 B1 EP0243948 B1 EP 0243948B1 EP 87106228 A EP87106228 A EP 87106228A EP 87106228 A EP87106228 A EP 87106228A EP 0243948 B1 EP0243948 B1 EP 0243948B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
current
switch arrangement
control circuit
arc lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87106228A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0243948A2 (fr
EP0243948A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Schmidt
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Brauckmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0243948A2 publication Critical patent/EP0243948A2/fr
Publication of EP0243948A3 publication Critical patent/EP0243948A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0243948B1 publication Critical patent/EP0243948B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control circuit for an arc lamp with two terminals for connecting a DC voltage, a switch arrangement of four switches connected in the manner of a bridge, the first diagonal connection points of which are connected in series with a choke inductance which limits the current intensity and the arc lamp is located between the second diagonal connection points , with a control arrangement which alternately switched through or opens the switches located opposite in the bridge, and with a current regulator connected upstream of the switch arrangement.
  • the arc lamp glows as a result of the formation of a plasma between the two electrodes of the arc lamp.
  • the arc lamps must be subjected to a constantly changing current direction, the alternating frequency being between 50 and 200 Hz. It is known to operate the arc lamp directly with the AC line voltage, the current rise resulting from the plasma formation being limited by a choke inductor connected in series with the arc lamp.
  • Such a control circuit requires a relatively large choke coil, which takes up a relatively large amount of space and contributes to a relatively high weight of the ballast.
  • Another disadvantage of the known control circuit is that due to the constantly changing direction of current through the inductor, the current rise speed becomes very low, so that the plasma formed between the electrodes of the arc lamp cools down and has to be ignited practically anew with each current change. As a result, the service life of the arc lamp is severely impaired.
  • Another disadvantage is that with this control strong light dips are observed in time with the mains frequency, which lead to the fact that when using such a lamp for filming a synchronization with the arc lamp must be carried out so as not to insufficiently expose partial images of the film .
  • a control circuit of the type mentioned is known.
  • This control circuit is operated with direct voltage, with the choke inductor always having a direct current flowing through it, ie with the same current direction.
  • the change in current direction is carried out by the switch arrangement exclusively for the arc lamp and can be carried out with a clock frequency. It follows from this that a smaller inductor can be used, so that the current rise rate can be chosen to be sufficiently large to prevent the cooling of the plasma when the current direction changes in the arc lamp below a critical value, so that the plasma is always kept hot remains. This significantly extends the life of the Uchtbogen lamp. Due to the smaller inductor, the weight and the space required for the control circuit can be significantly reduced.
  • the operation of the known control circuit is based on the fact that in the bridge arrangement of the switches the diagonally opposite switches are closed or opened together and that the other two switches are opened or closed accordingly in the same cycle. Two alternating current paths are formed by the respective switch pairs.
  • the switch arrangement therefore acts as a changeover switch, so that one or the other current path is always conductive. Due to the semiconductor switches usually used, the transition from the renting state to the blocking state and vice versa does not occur suddenly, since charge carrier accumulations are broken down in a similar time. There is therefore a certain overlap of the (still or already) conductive states of semiconductor switches lying next to one another in the bridge, as a result of which a short circuit is caused. This closing of the course is not serious for the control of low electrical outputs, because the current regulator reacts to this. However, regulation with the current regulator is problematic for higher electrical outputs.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a control circuit of the type mentioned in such a way that a short circuit between the diagonal connection points is reliably avoided, so that higher electrical powers can also be switched.
  • the inventive insertion of a line break in the switch arrangement ensures that a short circuit between the diagonal connection points is avoided. Since the current control drives current into the switch arrangement during this line break, this is buffered by the additional circuit with the storage capacitor.
  • the resistor connected in parallel with the diode which is polarized in the current direction ensures a gradual discharge of the storage capacitor when the switch arrangement is again conductive.
  • an electronically controllable switch is arranged at an end of the series circuit comprising a choke inductor and a switch arrangement, a free-wheeling diode connecting the connection point between the switch and the series circuit to the other connection terminal.
  • the electronically controllable switch is switched on or off at a high frequency.
  • this circuit of the electronic switch takes place depending on the current flowing in the series circuit instead.
  • the control of the electronic switch can also be determined empirically - that is to say without a control circuit working with a current sensor.
  • the choke inductance is formed by at least two coils which are connected on both sides of the switch arrangement.
  • the smoothing of the current regulated by the switch in the series circuit can be further improved by the fact that the coils on both sides of the switch arrangement are divided into several partial coils and that the associated connection points on both sides of the switch arrangement are connected to one another by smoothing capacitors.
  • the control circuit shown in FIG. 1 has two terminals 1, 2 to which a direct voltage U1 can be applied.
  • a series connection of several coils L i , L i ', L i n' is connected to terminal 1, the free end of which is connected to a connection point 3 of a switch arrangement 4.
  • the other end of the switch arrangement is formed by a connection point 5 to which the series connection of further coils L 2 , L 2 '... L 2 n ' is connected, the other end of which is connected to the second connection terminal 2 via an electronically controlled switch S5 .
  • the connection point between the switch S5 and the first coil L 2 connected to it is connected to the first connection terminal 1 via a free-wheeling diode D5.
  • the connection points between the sub-coils L1, L1 '..., L2, L2' are each connected to one another via a smoothing capacitor C '...
  • the switch arrangement 4 has four transistor switches S1, S2, S3, S4, which are connected in the manner of a bridge. With the connection point 3 two of the transistor switches S1, S2 are connected in parallel, the other ends of which lie at the two ends of an arc lamp 6, which can be a metal vapor arc discharge lamp (HMI lamp). The two ends of the arc lamp 6 form two connection points 7, 8 of the bridge arrangement, to which two further transistor switches S3, S4 are connected, which are connected to one another at connection point 5 of the switch arrangement 4.
  • Each of the transistor switches S1 ... S4 is connected with a free-wheeling diode D1, D2, D3, D4 anti-parallel - that is, against the current direction specified by the connection terminals 1, 2.
  • connection in series of a diode D6 which is passed in the normal current direction and a charging capacitor C1 is also connected to the connection points 3, 5, the diode D6 being bridged by a resistor R1.
  • a galvanically isolated current sensor 9 which surrounds the conductor and inductively measures the current intensity, is arranged within the series arrangement formed by the coil L 1 ... L 2 ... Inductively forming a choke.
  • the current sensor 9 also preferably detects the conductor located between the resistor R1 and the connection point 3 of the switch arrangement 4.
  • the circuit part behind the connection terminals 1, 2 with the current sensor 9, the partial coils Li, Li ', etc., L 2 L 2 ', etc., the smoothing capacitor C ', the freewheeling diode D5 and the switch S5 forms a high-frequency current regulator 10.
  • Switch arrangement 4 is switched over at intervals of 50 to 200 Hz. Starting from the state described above, the switches S1, S4 are opened and the switches S2, S3 are closed, so that the current from connection point 3 now via the switch S2 through the arc lamp in FIG. 1 from right to left and through the switch S3 to Connection point 5 flows.
  • the commutation of the current direction by the arc lamp accordingly does not lead to a commutation of the current direction by the sub-coils Li, Li ', L2, L2', which form the choke inductance. so that excessive cooling of the plasma within the arc lamp 6 can be prevented.
  • the freewheeling diodes D1 to D4 allow the flow of a freewheeling current through the arc lamp 6 in the short period in which all four switching transistors S1 to S4 are blocked. This current is driven by inductances of the connecting lines of the arc lamp.
  • control circuit The function of the control circuit according to the invention can be illustrated using the schematic illustration in FIG. 2:
  • the mains voltage is rectified in a rectifier 11, so that the voltage U 1 is present at the output of the rectifier.
  • the above-described direct current controller 10 regulates the current through the arc lamp 6, which is changed in its direction by the inverter 4 at a relatively low frequency.
  • the control of the switch S5 in the direct current controller 10 as well as the switches S1 to S4 in the switch arrangement 4 serving as an inverter and possibly the rectifier 11 are controlled by a common regulating and control unit 12.
  • the regulating and control unit 12 receives the signal from the current sensor 9, which determines the current strength in the load circuit for the arc lamp 6.
  • the switch S5 can be switched on when the current falls below a lower level and can be switched off when an upper current is exceeded.
  • the switching frequency is variable.
  • the switch S5 can also be switched in a constant frequency grid, the current sensor 9 determining the switch-on time, ie the pulse width.
  • a combination of both methods is also possible. It is advantageous to lower the switching frequency when a pulse width control is carried out after a minimum switch-on time has been reached in order to further reduce the nominal current. After reaching a maximum switch-on time within the specified frequency grid, the switching frequency is reduced in order to achieve a further increase in current.
  • the nominal frequency which can be, for example, 20 kHz, is used between the minimum pulse width and the maximum pulse width.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Circuit de pilotage pour une lampe à arc (6) comportant deux bornes de raccordement (1, 2) destinées au raccordement d'une tension continue (U1), un dispositif de commutation (4) composé de quatre commutateurs (Si, S2, S3, S4) disposés en forme de pont, dont les points de raccordement de la première diagonale (3, 5) sont connectés en série avec une inductance (Li, L1,; ...L2, L2' ...) de limitation de l'intensité du courant, la lampe à arc (6) étant disposée entre les points de raccordement de la deuxième diagonale (7, 8), un dispositif de commande qui ouvre et respectivement ferme alternativement les commutateurs disposés en vis-à-vis dans le pont (Si, S4 ou S2, Ss), et un régulateur de courant (Ss) raccordé en amont du dispositif de commutation (4), caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit comportant un condensateur d'accumulation (Ci) en série avec une diode (Ds) orientée dans le sens du courant et montée en parallèle avec une résistance (Ri), est disposé entre les points de raccordement de la première diagonale (3, 5) du dispositif de commutation (4) et en parallèle avec celle-ci.
2. Circuit de pilotage conforme à la revendication 1, ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur de courant est formé par un commutateur à commande électronique (Ss) qui est disposé à une extrémité - à savoir une extrémité côté bornes de raccordement - du circuit série formé par les inductances de limitation (Li, L1'; ...L2, L2' ...) et le dispositif de commutation (4), en ce qu'une diode de roue libre (Ds) relie avec l'autre borne de raccordement (1) le point de raccordement entre le commutateur (S5) et le circuit série précité, en ce que des détecteurs de courant (9) sont disposés d'une part sur le circuit série formé par l'inductance de limitation (Li, L1'; ...L2, L2' ...) et le dispositif de commutation (4), et d'autre part sur le circuit formé par la diode (D6), la résistance (R1) et le condensateur d'accumulation (Ci), détecteurs dont les signaux de sortie additionnés parviennent à un circuit de régulation (12) qiu ouvre ou ferme le commutateur électronique (85) en fonction de l'intensité globale détectée.
3. Circuit de pilotage conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que l'inductance de limitation est formée d'au moins deux bobines (Li, L1', ...L2, L2' ...) qui sont connectées de part et d'autre du dispositif de commutation (4).
4. Circuit de pilotage conforme à la revendication 3 ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que les bobines situées de part et d'autre du dispositif de commutation (4) sont subdivisées en plusieurs bobines partielles (Li, L1', ...; L2, L2' ...), et en ce que les points de liaison correspondants situés de part et d'autre du dispositif de commutation (4) sont reliés par des condensateurs de lissage (C').
5. Circuit de pilotage conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les commutateurs (Si à S4) du dispositif de commutation (4) présentent des diodes (Di, D2, D3, D4) raccordées en sens contraire de la direction du courant imposée par les bornes de raccordement (1, 2).
EP87106228A 1986-04-30 1987-04-29 Circuit de contrôle pour une lampe à arc Expired - Lifetime EP0243948B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863614708 DE3614708A1 (de) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Steuerschaltung fuer eine lichtbogenlampe
DE3614708 1986-04-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0243948A2 EP0243948A2 (fr) 1987-11-04
EP0243948A3 EP0243948A3 (en) 1988-01-20
EP0243948B1 true EP0243948B1 (fr) 1990-09-26

Family

ID=6299907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87106228A Expired - Lifetime EP0243948B1 (fr) 1986-04-30 1987-04-29 Circuit de contrôle pour une lampe à arc

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0243948B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3614708A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4301184A1 (de) * 1993-01-19 1994-07-21 B & S Elektronische Geraete Gm Steuergerät für wenigstens eine Entladungslampe

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2212995A (en) * 1987-10-23 1989-08-02 Rockwell International Corp Fluorescent lamp dimmer
DE3925654A1 (de) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-07 Schmidt Michael Steuergeraet fuer wenigstens eine entladungslampe
DE4224996A1 (de) * 1992-07-29 1994-02-03 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Vorschaltgerät zum Betreiben von Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampen mit niederfrequenter, rechteckförmiger Spannung in Kraftfahrzeugen
JP2879514B2 (ja) * 1993-01-07 1999-04-05 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用放電灯の点灯回路

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1387842A (en) * 1972-02-16 1975-03-19 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Ballast circuits for discharge lamps
FR2416617A1 (fr) * 1978-02-07 1979-08-31 Signaux Entr Electriques Convertisseur pour l'alimentation de lampes a decharge, et plus generalement de lampes a arc, et son application aux projecteurs pour de telles lampes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4301184A1 (de) * 1993-01-19 1994-07-21 B & S Elektronische Geraete Gm Steuergerät für wenigstens eine Entladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3614708A1 (de) 1987-11-19
EP0243948A2 (fr) 1987-11-04
DE3765163D1 (de) 1990-10-31
EP0243948A3 (en) 1988-01-20

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