EP0115045A1 - Underwater propeller having a shrouding ring attached to the blades and which ring contains the rotor of the electric driving motor - Google Patents
Underwater propeller having a shrouding ring attached to the blades and which ring contains the rotor of the electric driving motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0115045A1 EP0115045A1 EP83112944A EP83112944A EP0115045A1 EP 0115045 A1 EP0115045 A1 EP 0115045A1 EP 83112944 A EP83112944 A EP 83112944A EP 83112944 A EP83112944 A EP 83112944A EP 0115045 A1 EP0115045 A1 EP 0115045A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propeller
- tunnel
- stator
- housing
- ship
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
- B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
- B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
- B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
- B63H1/14—Propellers
- B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/30—Mounting of propulsion plant or unit, e.g. for anti-vibration purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor
Definitions
- the invention relates to an underwater propeller drive according to the features of the preamble of the main claim.
- a propeller is arranged in a pipe tunnel lying transversely to the ship's longitudinal axis in the bow area.
- a drive motor inside the ship drives the propeller via a shaft perpendicular to the transverse channel and a gear nacelle.
- the gear nacelle which must accommodate the spur and bevel gears required to transmit the torques, therefore has correspondingly large radial dimensions which greatly narrow the cross section of the tube tunnel.
- the installation and removal of this transverse jet drive requires docking, or at least an appropriate trimming of the ship.
- the electrical and also the hydrodynamic efficiency of such drives are relatively poor.
- Submersible pumps work on a similar principle.
- a screw propeller is also installed in the delivery line.
- the propeller can be driven with an underwater motor with or without gear. With a flooded motor, such pumps can also be used for great depths.
- the engine and transmission lie in the jet area of the propeller.
- the beam cross section is greatly reduced.
- an electrically driven propeller is known in which the wing ends of the propeller blade are connected to a peripheral ring which receives the electrically passive part (rotor) of a drive motor.
- the electrically active part (stator) is located in a nozzle receiving the propeller.
- the object on which the invention is based is to create an underwater propeller drive which can be built and expanded in tubular tunnels, ensures a maximum flow cross-section and thus good efficiency, and can be braked in a technically simple manner when not in use and when the flow is not wanted.
- the particular advantages of the drive according to the invention are that it is small in volume, easy to replace and maintain, and has good efficiency.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung befasst sich mit einem Unterwasserpropellerantrieb gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to an underwater propeller drive according to the features of the preamble of the main claim.
Schiffe, von denen eine besondere Manövrierfähigkeit erwartet werden muß, werden häufig mit sogenannten Querstrahlrudern ausgestattet. In einem quer zur Schiffslängsachse im Bugbereich liegende Rohrtunnel ist ein Propeller angeordnet. Ein Antriebsmotor im Inneren des Schiffes treibt über eine senkrecht zum Querkanal liegende Welle und eine Getriebegondel den Propeller an. Die Getriebegondel, die die zur Übertragung der Drehmomente erforderlichen Stirn- und Kegelräder aufnehmen muß, weist daher entsprechend große radiale Abmessungen auf, die den Querschnitt des Rohrtunnels stark verengen. Der Ein- und Ausbau dieses Querstrahlantriebes erfordert ein Eindocken, zumindest aber ein entsprechendes Trimmen des Schiffes. Der elektrische und auch der hydrodynamische Wirkungsgrad solcher Antriebe sind verhältnismässig schlecht.Ships that are expected to be particularly maneuverable are often equipped with so-called transverse thrusters. A propeller is arranged in a pipe tunnel lying transversely to the ship's longitudinal axis in the bow area. A drive motor inside the ship drives the propeller via a shaft perpendicular to the transverse channel and a gear nacelle. The gear nacelle, which must accommodate the spur and bevel gears required to transmit the torques, therefore has correspondingly large radial dimensions which greatly narrow the cross section of the tube tunnel. The installation and removal of this transverse jet drive requires docking, or at least an appropriate trimming of the ship. The electrical and also the hydrodynamic efficiency of such drives are relatively poor.
Unterwasserpumpen, z. B. für den Tiefseeeinsatz, arbeiten nach einem ähnlichen Prinzip. In die Förderleitung ist ebenfalls ein Schraubenpropeller eingebaut. Der Antrieb des Propellers kann mit einem Unterwassermotor mit oder ohne Getriebe erfolgen. Mit einem gefluteten Motor sind derartige Pumpen auch für große Tiefen verwendbar. Motor und Getriebe liegen bei dieser Ausführung im Strahlbereich des Propellers. Auch hier wird der Strahlquerschnitt stark verringert. Schließlich ist aus der DE-PS 688 114 ein elektrisch angetriebener Propeller bekannt, bei dem die Flügelenden des Propellerblattes mit einem peripheren Ring verbunden sind, der den elektrisch passiven Teil (Rotor) eines Antriebsmotors aufnimmt. Der elektrisch aktive Teil (Stator) befindet sich in einer den Propeller aufnehmenden Düse.Submersible pumps, e.g. B. for deep sea use, work on a similar principle. A screw propeller is also installed in the delivery line. The propeller can be driven with an underwater motor with or without gear. With a flooded motor, such pumps can also be used for great depths. In this version, the engine and transmission lie in the jet area of the propeller. Here too, the beam cross section is greatly reduced. Finally, from DE-PS 688 114 an electrically driven propeller is known in which the wing ends of the propeller blade are connected to a peripheral ring which receives the electrically passive part (rotor) of a drive motor. The electrically active part (stator) is located in a nozzle receiving the propeller.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe ist darin zu sehen, einen Unterwasserpropellerantrieb zu schaffen, der in Rohrtunnel eiri- und ausbaubar ist, einen maximalen Strömungsquerschnitt und damit einen guten Wirkungsgrad gewährleistet, und bei Nichtbetrieb und ungewollter Anströmung in technisch einfacher Weise abbremsbar ist.The object on which the invention is based is to create an underwater propeller drive which can be built and expanded in tubular tunnels, ensures a maximum flow cross-section and thus good efficiency, and can be braked in a technically simple manner when not in use and when the flow is not wanted.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des Hauptanspruches angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of the main claim. Further developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die besonderen Vorteile des Antriebes nach der Erfindung bestehen darin, daß er kleinvolumig ist, sich leicht austauschen und warten lässt und einen guten Wirkungsgrad besitzt.The particular advantages of the drive according to the invention are that it is small in volume, easy to replace and maintain, and has good efficiency.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbesipiel nach der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigt
- Figur 1 eine Propellereinheit,
Figur 2 einen Doppelpropeller in einem Querkanal,Figur 3 eine senkrecht zum Querkanal einsetzbare Baueinheit.
- FIG. 1 shows a propeller unit,
- FIG. 2 shows a double propeller in a transverse channel,
- 3 shows a structural unit that can be used perpendicular to the transverse channel.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833300380 DE3300380A1 (en) | 1983-01-07 | 1983-01-07 | UNDERWATER PROPELLER DRIVE |
| DE3300380 | 1983-01-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0115045A1 true EP0115045A1 (en) | 1984-08-08 |
| EP0115045B1 EP0115045B1 (en) | 1986-10-29 |
Family
ID=6187868
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83112944A Expired EP0115045B1 (en) | 1983-01-07 | 1983-12-22 | Underwater propeller having a shrouding ring attached to the blades and which ring contains the rotor of the electric driving motor |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0115045B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59160699A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3300380A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI75777C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO156892C (en) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2200802A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-08-10 | Subsea Offshore Ltd | Electric motor rotor comprising a propeller |
| EP0566788A1 (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1993-10-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Integral motor propulsion unit for water vehicles |
| EP0566787A1 (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1993-10-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Dual propeller shock resistant submersible propulsor unit |
| GB2359049A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-15 | H2Eye | Remote operated vehicle |
| EP1022215A3 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2002-05-08 | Electric Boat Corporation | Integrated external electric drive propulsion module arrangement for surface ships |
| WO2004113717A1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-12-29 | Sinvent As | Water turbine and liquid pump |
| KR100495676B1 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2005-06-16 | 국방과학연구소 | Pumpjet apparatus with ring rotor and grooved duct |
| WO2007051678A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Ultraflex Spa | Steering device for boats |
| DE102007002519A1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-31 | Air Fertigung-Technologie Gmbh & Co.Kg | Strahlantireb |
| WO2009126097A1 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-15 | Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag | Method and arrangement for attachment and/or disassembly/assembly of a tunnel thruster |
| CN102632982A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 | Shaftless driven type integrated motor propeller |
| KR101249570B1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2013-04-01 | 엔이씨 유럽 리미티드 | A method for managing a network and a network |
| EP2591995A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Marine vessel propulsion device |
| CN103939360A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-23 | 湘潭金阳电机泵业有限公司 | Compression-type circulating water cooling submersible electric pump |
| CN106394841A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-15 | 西安兰海动力科技有限公司 | Ring driving type integrated motor thruster of underwater vehicle |
| GR1009624B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-23 | Λαλιζας Ανωνυμη Εταιρεια Κατασκευης Και Εμποριας Ναυτιλιακων Σωστικων Και Αθλητικων Ειδων | Sea craft thruster composed of a foldable bipartite or tripatite stator and a rotor-propeller with peripheral permanent magnets |
| CN115675813A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 | Integrated motor water jet propeller shafting structure |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3839967A1 (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-26 | Mayer Helmut | Torque force converter |
| US6325683B1 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 2001-12-04 | Yocum-Keene Concepts, Inc. | Trolling system for water crafts |
| DE19503450C2 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2000-02-24 | Peter Harborth | Floating water maintenance device |
| DE102006003089B3 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-10-11 | Lothar Bieschewski | Cross-stream rudder for a ship comprises a shaft with an advancing channel with walls closed up to lateral ducts for the advancing channel and receiving an advancing element |
| JP5281500B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2013-09-04 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Thrust generator |
| NO335623B1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2015-01-12 | Rolls Royce Marine As | Pushing unit and procedure for installing a pushing unit |
| WO2012108064A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | MOTOYAMA Kenniti | Device for rotating vanes in tube by means of electromagnet |
| DK178129B1 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-06-08 | Christensen Jens Ole | Rotary Control System for regulating the course of a ship |
| CN105799898B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-07-28 | 宁波市鄞州发辉机械科技有限公司 | A kind of high-power universal towboat |
| CN105799899B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-08-22 | 宁波市鄞州发辉机械科技有限公司 | A kind of transmission joint of the anti-oar propeller of tubular type |
| DE102021100135B4 (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-14 | Schottel Gmbh | Marine propulsion and ship equipped therewith |
| NL2030800B1 (en) * | 2022-02-01 | 2023-08-11 | Hydromaster Holding B V | Low noise tunnel thruster |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB112094A (en) * | 1917-05-23 | 1917-12-27 | Aloysius Steven Terhaar | Improvements in Steering Appliances for Ships. |
| DE688114C (en) * | 1936-01-22 | 1940-02-13 | Ludwig Kort Dipl Ing | Electrically powered propeller |
| FR2238040A1 (en) * | 1973-07-17 | 1975-02-14 | Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng | Electrically driven ship's propellor - coil connecting rotor tips rotates within stator coil in sealed housing |
| FR2270461A1 (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1975-12-05 | Ceria | Propulsion unit for floating platform - has tips of rotor blades attached to toothed ring driven by motors in outer ring |
| DE2803336A1 (en) * | 1978-01-26 | 1979-08-02 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Silencing arrangement for ship's transverse jet active rudder - has ducting elastically mounted in hull tube, with silencing material in space between |
| DE3042210A1 (en) * | 1980-11-08 | 1982-05-27 | Hans Ing.(grad.) 6551 Hargesheim Sybertz | Bow thruster for manoeuvring ship - has propeller with overhung hub enclosing hydraulic motor supplied via hollow vane in guide vane |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR424681A (en) * | 1910-03-19 | 1911-05-20 | Gustave Constant Leveque | Steering or steering device for boats or ships |
| FR2336297A1 (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-07-22 | Acec | Combined propeller and rudder for marine use - has blade which rotates in outer ring and is driven by peripheral electric induction motor |
| DE3246730C2 (en) * | 1982-12-17 | 1987-03-05 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Electrically powered ship propeller |
-
1983
- 1983-01-07 DE DE19833300380 patent/DE3300380A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-12-22 EP EP83112944A patent/EP0115045B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-28 JP JP58245619A patent/JPS59160699A/en active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-01-05 FI FI840026A patent/FI75777C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-01-06 NO NO840040A patent/NO156892C/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB112094A (en) * | 1917-05-23 | 1917-12-27 | Aloysius Steven Terhaar | Improvements in Steering Appliances for Ships. |
| DE688114C (en) * | 1936-01-22 | 1940-02-13 | Ludwig Kort Dipl Ing | Electrically powered propeller |
| FR2238040A1 (en) * | 1973-07-17 | 1975-02-14 | Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng | Electrically driven ship's propellor - coil connecting rotor tips rotates within stator coil in sealed housing |
| FR2270461A1 (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1975-12-05 | Ceria | Propulsion unit for floating platform - has tips of rotor blades attached to toothed ring driven by motors in outer ring |
| DE2803336A1 (en) * | 1978-01-26 | 1979-08-02 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Silencing arrangement for ship's transverse jet active rudder - has ducting elastically mounted in hull tube, with silencing material in space between |
| DE3042210A1 (en) * | 1980-11-08 | 1982-05-27 | Hans Ing.(grad.) 6551 Hargesheim Sybertz | Bow thruster for manoeuvring ship - has propeller with overhung hub enclosing hydraulic motor supplied via hollow vane in guide vane |
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2200802A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-08-10 | Subsea Offshore Ltd | Electric motor rotor comprising a propeller |
| EP0566788A1 (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1993-10-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Integral motor propulsion unit for water vehicles |
| EP0566787A1 (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1993-10-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Dual propeller shock resistant submersible propulsor unit |
| EP1022215A3 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2002-05-08 | Electric Boat Corporation | Integrated external electric drive propulsion module arrangement for surface ships |
| US7246567B2 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2007-07-24 | H2Eye (International) Limited | Remote operated vehicles |
| US6986320B2 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2006-01-17 | H2Eye (International) Limited | Remote operated vehicles |
| US6662742B2 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2003-12-16 | H2Eye (International) Limited | Remote operated vehicles |
| GB2359049A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-15 | H2Eye | Remote operated vehicle |
| KR100495676B1 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2005-06-16 | 국방과학연구소 | Pumpjet apparatus with ring rotor and grooved duct |
| CN1809695B (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2011-06-08 | 辛文特公司 | Device for tubular water turbine and pump incorporating the device |
| WO2004113717A1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-12-29 | Sinvent As | Water turbine and liquid pump |
| WO2007051678A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Ultraflex Spa | Steering device for boats |
| DE102007002519A1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-31 | Air Fertigung-Technologie Gmbh & Co.Kg | Strahlantireb |
| WO2009126097A1 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-15 | Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag | Method and arrangement for attachment and/or disassembly/assembly of a tunnel thruster |
| US8448591B2 (en) | 2008-04-03 | 2013-05-28 | Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag | Method and arrangement for attachment and/or disassembly/assembly of a tunnel thruster |
| KR101249570B1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2013-04-01 | 엔이씨 유럽 리미티드 | A method for managing a network and a network |
| EP2591995A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Marine vessel propulsion device |
| US8814614B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2014-08-26 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Marine vessel propulsion device |
| CN102632982A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 | Shaftless driven type integrated motor propeller |
| CN103939360A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-23 | 湘潭金阳电机泵业有限公司 | Compression-type circulating water cooling submersible electric pump |
| CN106394841A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-15 | 西安兰海动力科技有限公司 | Ring driving type integrated motor thruster of underwater vehicle |
| GR1009624B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-23 | Λαλιζας Ανωνυμη Εταιρεια Κατασκευης Και Εμποριας Ναυτιλιακων Σωστικων Και Αθλητικων Ειδων | Sea craft thruster composed of a foldable bipartite or tripatite stator and a rotor-propeller with peripheral permanent magnets |
| CN115675813A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 | Integrated motor water jet propeller shafting structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI75777C (en) | 1988-08-08 |
| EP0115045B1 (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| FI840026A0 (en) | 1984-01-05 |
| NO840040L (en) | 1984-07-09 |
| NO156892C (en) | 1989-03-07 |
| JPS59160699A (en) | 1984-09-11 |
| DE3300380A1 (en) | 1984-07-12 |
| JPH039000B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 |
| FI840026L (en) | 1984-07-08 |
| FI75777B (en) | 1988-04-29 |
| NO156892B (en) | 1987-09-07 |
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