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EP0111221A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour le conditionnement final des déchets radioactifs - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour le conditionnement final des déchets radioactifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0111221A1
EP0111221A1 EP83111789A EP83111789A EP0111221A1 EP 0111221 A1 EP0111221 A1 EP 0111221A1 EP 83111789 A EP83111789 A EP 83111789A EP 83111789 A EP83111789 A EP 83111789A EP 0111221 A1 EP0111221 A1 EP 0111221A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
continuous mixer
mixer
storage container
waste
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83111789A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0111221B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Kratz
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. Meininger
Eckhard Dipl.-Ing. Fischer
Dietmar Bege
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Publication of EP0111221A1 publication Critical patent/EP0111221A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0111221B1 publication Critical patent/EP0111221B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing
    • G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
    • G21F9/304—Cement or cement-like matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/16—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G21F9/162—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix, e.g. clays, zeolites
    • G21F9/165—Cement or cement-like matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the final storage-capable conditioning of radioactive waste using a multi-component binder, with a continuous mixer, a filling station for the final storage container, a storage container for liquid waste, a silo for a component of the binder and with several conveying devices.
  • the multicomponent binders in particular water-hardening cements, are usually in the final storage containers, for example in the so-called standard drums with 200 . 1 content, mixed with the waste. In most cases, stirrers that are lost are used, as specified, for example, in DE-AS 3 009 005.
  • the invention is based on the object of making it possible to use a device to condition various radioactive wastes that can be disposed of in a repository, with the smallest possible volume of waste.
  • the system known from the magazine "Power" is for this not suitable because it can only process liquid waste. It is also to be feared that different liquid wastes lead to different consistencies in the end product, so that the safe inclusion of the activity carriers is not guaranteed.
  • the outlay on equipment is undesirably great. Only the lost stirrers associated with each barrel should be remembered here.
  • a pre-mixer is provided for the one binder component and for free-flowing waste materials, that the pre-mixer is connected to the silo and a container for free-flowing waste via throughput measuring devices, that the pre-mixer is connected to one end of the continuous mixer via a metering conveying device is connected that the connection of the storage container is provided behind it and that at the other end of the continuous mixer a discharge conveyor is attached, which feeds the final storage container.
  • the premixer is used to treat dry waste. Dried ball or powder resins, activated carbon, for example in granular form, but also ashes, which come from the combustion of textiles, papers, etc. loaded with activity, are particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • the waste materials can be homogenized in the premixer and mixed with the one binder component. If necessary, additives can also be entered there which are essential for the setting of the binder, for example the sodium silicate fed into the filling station according to the magazine "Power".
  • the premixer is also for input of additives which, in the form of sand, gravel or the like, ensure the strength or freedom from cracks of the end product.
  • the pre-mixer is followed by the continuous mixer, in which liquid waste is mixed continuously and in a controlled manner, preferably with a water-curing binder.
  • a water-curing binder ie water in the case of cement.
  • dry wastes can also be mixed with liquid wastes in one operation, which give the mixing water for the other binder component premixed with the solid wastes.
  • the new device With its discharge conveyor, the new device not only enables filling into lower-lying repository containers, but also an increasing casting. Therefore, the device according to the invention can also be used to cast waste materials which are produced in the form of filter candles or the like and which are to be enclosed with the binder.
  • the continuous mixer preferably has a vertical throughput direction, the premixer being connected at the upper end.
  • the premixer on the other hand, can have a horizontal throughput direction.
  • the connection of the storage container is provided underneath so that there is a sufficiently long mixing section.
  • lubricants can be, for example, lubricating oils from main coolant pumps that are produced in large quantities. It is essential here that the components of the binder, in particular water and cement, are already mixed before the lubricants are added, which could otherwise impair the mixture of the binder components.
  • the discharge conveyor is preferably designed for constant throughput and variable pressure. This means that low energy is required when filling barrels from above. On the other hand, as already mentioned, an increasing casting is also possible, in which a counter pressure arises due to the increasing filling levels.
  • the outlet of the continuous mixer is advantageously connected to the connection of the reservoir via a lockable backwash line. Intensive cleaning of the part of the device provided for the wet mixing can thus be obtained with little detergent expenditure. But above all, backwashing is advantageous if plastics are used as binders. This is because, after the components causing a hardening, the components can be quickly rinsed, for example the monomers of the plastics polymerizing with a hardener, before the components harden. Plastics a sticking of the continuous mixer occurs. The cleaning mixture can then optionally be collected and used to set a next batch.
  • the movable wear parts of the continuous mixer are less than 700 mm long 500 mm wide .
  • This design means that the wearing parts can be accommodated in normal repository containers, the so-called standard drums with a capacity of 200 liters, without further processing.
  • other wear parts for example those of the premixer, can also be advantageously configured.
  • the product volume of the continuous mixer is expediently less than 5 1. This means that the activity content is limited. Nevertheless, the new facility can achieve large throughputs, for example 1 m3 / h or more.
  • a "slim" design of the continuous mixer is recommended so that the diameter is less than 200 mm, because this is essential for the radiation exposure to the environment.
  • the structural design of the device can be carried out in the form of a permanently installed system, but also mobile with the help of a chassis.
  • a drip pan is recommended, which is provided with pre-mixers, continuous mixers and conveyors as well as silos and containers to safely collect tropics or splashes of activity-bearing waste.
  • the premixer there should be a control of the pendulum air through ventilation and venting connections, which can be supplied to a ventilation system.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 For a more detailed explanation of the invention, an embodiment is described below, which is shown in simplified form in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the liquids mentioned are set in motion in the container 1 with a stirrer 3 which is actuated by a drive motor 4.
  • a stirrer 3 which is actuated by a drive motor 4.
  • thorough mixing is to be achieved in the storage container 1.
  • a homogenization circuit 6 It comprises a suction line 7, which leads to a pump 8 on the underside of the storage container 1.
  • the pressure line of the pump ends at the top of the storage container 1.
  • a branch line 10 with a metering pump 11 leads from the homogenization circuit 6 to the connection 12 of a continuous mixer 13.
  • the continuous mixer 13 is designed similarly to the continuously operating cement mixing machines known from the construction industry. Indeed in the invention, it has several different feed options for different wastes. In the following, cement is also assumed as a binder.
  • a silo 14 of 250 l content for the cement, in particular Portland cement, is provided as a water-hardening binder, which reaches the continuous mixer 13 via a line 15.
  • a similar storage container which provides free-flowing dry substances for processing in the mixing plant 13.
  • These include powders and granules with radioactive contamination, for example activated carbon filters from exhaust systems, dried powder resins from ion exchangers or the like, but also ashes from burned radioactive waste. They are entered into the continuous mixer 13 via a line 17.
  • a container for waste oil is designated, which can have a volume of 500 1, for example.
  • the term used oil is intended to encompass all types of lubricants insofar as their consistency is suitable for delivery with a metering pump 19 which draws in from the container 18 via a line 20 and presses it into the connection 21 of the continuous mixer 13.
  • the outlet 24 of the continuous mixer 13 leads to a waste drum 25 which is arranged on a vibrating table 26.
  • Equipment for the provision of empty kegs Water and the removal of filled drums are not shown.
  • the silo 14 and the containers 16 and 27 are connected via metering devices 29, 30, 31 in the form of cellular wheel sluices with a premixer 33 which serves to homogenize the dry constituents of the mixture which can be stored in a repository.
  • metering devices 29, 30, 31 which are driven by electric motors 34, 35, 36, the desired proportion of the components of the mixture is controlled.
  • the output lines 15, 17 and 37 lead into one end of the premixer 33, the screw 38 of which is actuated there by a drive motor 40 controlled by the flow rate depending on the line 39. This gives a dry mix with horizontal throughput.
  • the premixed dry material is then fed into the continuous mixer 13 itself via a conveying device 41.
  • the continuous mixer 13 comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, a stirring device 42, which is driven by an electric motor 43, in a cylindrical housing 76 with ver tical axis and a diameter of 150 mm.
  • the lower part 75 of the stirring device acts as a screw conveyor with which the mix is continuously discharged at a constant throughput of, for example, 1.5 m 3 / h and a pressure given by the resistance in line 24.
  • the continuous mixer 13 is the so-called wet mixer. It has a product volume of less than 5 liters from its input-side upper end 44, at which the conveyor 41 is provided, to the output-side end, so that the activity inventory is limited. Together with the slim shape, this leads to low radiation.
  • connection 12 from the metering pump 11 is in the upper third of the stirrer 42.
  • the line 10 from the storage container 1, which is not shown in FIG. 2, is connected via a shut-off valve 45 to a pressure measuring line, the pressure measuring device 46 of which is also read at 47 on a control panel 48 can be.
  • a valve 50 which can be actuated from the control panel 48, is arranged in the course of the line 10 in front of the metering pump 11, as indicated by a handle 51.
  • the pressure measurement is important in order to be able to precisely set and maintain the amount of liquid. If necessary, a pressure reducer can be provided to limit the water pressure to 2 bar.
  • connection 21 for the supply of waste oil is also provided on the continuous mixer 13, which is input via the metering pump 19.
  • the connection 21 is located directly above the screw conveyor 75, so that the waste oil is added to the "finished" mixture.
  • the line 20 to the container 18 not shown (Fig. 1) is with provided with a valve 54 and also provided with a pressure measuring device and with a valve 55 which can be actuated from the control panel 48.
  • the control panel 48 has a display 56 from a quantity measuring device which is assigned to the rotary valve 29, so that the cement supply can be continuously controlled.
  • Another display 57 belongs to the rotary valve 31 so that the amount of dry waste (solid waste) fed to the premixer 33 is also displayed.
  • Another display 58 shows the amounts in which aqueous waste or waste oil get into the continuous mixer 13, so that the consistency of the waste mixture can be set consistently.
  • the outlet line 24 of the continuous mixer 13 leads via a flexible line 60 to a hood 61 which can be placed on the shielding container 62 serving as a final storage container.
  • the binder-waste mixture is filled up to a mirror 63, the height of which is monitored via a connection 64 with a fill level measuring device.
  • the display 65 on the control panel 48 shows the current level. It can be connected to an automatic system for stopping the continuous mixer 13.
  • the conical hood 61 has at its highest point a ventilation line 67 with a flexible line 68 for connection to a suction line 69.
  • a corresponding ventilation can also be useful for the premixer 33 so that it can be provided with a closed housing, the different filling of which Avoiding fluctuations in air pressure must be compared.
  • Inactive water is used to clean the continuous mixer 13 and can be supplied via the line 10 to the metering pump 11.
  • a rinsing circuit is provided with a line 70 which begins with a valve 71 on line 24 and leads back into line 12, as indicated by arrow 72.
  • the flush can be operated with an increased liquid level.
  • a level measurement is provided, which is connected at 73 to the continuous mixing system.
  • the display is provided at 74 on the control panel 48.
  • a tub 81 is indicated by dash-dotted lines, which serves to collect radioactive drops and splashes.
  • the tub 81 can serve as a construction platform for the entire facility. It can also be provided with wheels, so that there is a mobile device.
  • the screw conveyor 75 is structurally combined with the stirring device 42. But it can also be a separate thick matter pump. This is particularly true in the event that larger solid waste is to be cast around the device in an increasing manner. Such waste also includes the wear parts of the continuous mixer 13.
  • the stirring device 42 with its length of 600 mm and the screw conveyor 75 with its length of 400 mm, given the small diameter of 120 mm, can easily be placed in a standard drum and with cement slurry or a cement-waste mixture increasing, that is to say cast from a pipe 82 leading to the bottom of the container 62.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP83111789A 1982-12-08 1983-11-24 Dispositif et procédé pour le conditionnement final des déchets radioactifs Expired EP0111221B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3245443 1982-12-08
DE3245443A DE3245443C2 (de) 1982-12-08 1982-12-08 Einrichtung und Verfahren zur endlagerfähigen Konditionierung von radioaktiven Abfällen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0111221A1 true EP0111221A1 (fr) 1984-06-20
EP0111221B1 EP0111221B1 (fr) 1987-10-14

Family

ID=6180147

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83111789A Expired EP0111221B1 (fr) 1982-12-08 1983-11-24 Dispositif et procédé pour le conditionnement final des déchets radioactifs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4636363A (fr)
EP (1) EP0111221B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59114500A (fr)
DE (2) DE3245443C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES8707820A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170996A1 (fr) * 1984-08-09 1986-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant
EP0170995A3 (en) * 1984-08-09 1987-07-15 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Mixing device
EP0244534A1 (fr) * 1985-11-04 1987-11-11 Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation Préparation de mélanges de déchets radioactifs particulaires
EP0280426A3 (en) * 1987-02-07 1990-05-09 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Solidification processing apparatus for radioactive waste materials
FR2933077A1 (fr) * 2008-06-26 2010-01-01 Commissariat Energie Atomique Systeme d'introduction de mortier dans un conteneur
WO2016166013A1 (fr) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Innoveox Procédé de conditionnement de déchets radioactifs
WO2016169929A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Innoveox Dispositif de conditionnement de déchets radioactifs

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629674A1 (de) * 1986-09-01 1988-03-10 Maurer Gmbh Uelzener Maschf Vorrichtung zur herstellung von endlagerfaehigen aushaertenden massen aus kontaminierten, insbesondere radioaktiven festen und / oder fluessigen abfallstoffen
FR2664085B1 (fr) * 1990-06-29 1994-06-03 Commissariat Energie Atomique Appareillage pour la separation en continu des phases liquide et solide de dechets radioactifs a conditionner.
DE4023162C2 (de) * 1990-07-20 1996-08-29 Siemens Ag Fülladapter zur Infaßtrocknung von flüssigen radioaktiven Abfällen
DE102004031039A1 (de) * 2003-06-26 2005-02-03 Silver Cay Worldwide Corp. Verfahren zur Bodenverbesserung, Verwendung von Polyelektrolyten dafür sowie Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Gemenges, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Additivs dafür
WO2005121277A1 (fr) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-22 Christoph Muther Procede pour traiter un conglomerat et procede et dispositif pour produire un additif destine a ce conglomerat
US20080004477A1 (en) * 2006-07-03 2008-01-03 Brunsell Dennis A Method and device for evaporate/reverse osmosis concentrate and other liquid solidification
GB2443263B (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-12-24 Ins Innovation Ltd Encapsulation of waste for storage
US8720498B2 (en) * 2007-07-16 2014-05-13 Energysolutions, Llc Remote fill head with automatic drip tray
CN110648777B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-07-29 中国辐射防护研究院 一种低pH值放射性废液的高效水泥固化处理方法
US12159729B2 (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-12-03 X-Energy, Llc System for storing a radioactive salt solution
CN117995448A (zh) * 2024-02-21 2024-05-07 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 一种用于中、低放射性水平固体废物处理的移动式装置

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DE3027685A1 (de) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Verfahren zur herstellung fester endlagerprodukte von radioaktiven abfaellen
DE3202518A1 (de) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-19 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren und einrichtung zur einzementierung radioaktiver oder toxischer abfaelle in faesser
FR2501896A1 (fr) * 1981-03-12 1982-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Procede d'encapsulage de dechets de materiaux radioactifs

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US4196169A (en) * 1974-06-27 1980-04-01 Nuclear Engineering Company, Inc. System for disposing of radioactive waste
DE2950403A1 (de) * 1979-12-14 1981-06-19 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur automatischen herstellung von loesungen aus umweltbelastenden stoffen
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DE3048543C2 (de) * 1980-12-22 1983-03-17 Werner & Pfleiderer, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur Verfestigung radioaktiver Abfallkonzentrate in Bitumen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3027685A1 (de) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Verfahren zur herstellung fester endlagerprodukte von radioaktiven abfaellen
DE3202518A1 (de) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-19 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren und einrichtung zur einzementierung radioaktiver oder toxischer abfaelle in faesser
FR2501896A1 (fr) * 1981-03-12 1982-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Procede d'encapsulage de dechets de materiaux radioactifs

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170996A1 (fr) * 1984-08-09 1986-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour enrober des déchets, en particulier radioactifs, dans un liant
EP0170995A3 (en) * 1984-08-09 1987-07-15 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Mixing device
EP0244534A1 (fr) * 1985-11-04 1987-11-11 Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation Préparation de mélanges de déchets radioactifs particulaires
EP0280426A3 (en) * 1987-02-07 1990-05-09 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Solidification processing apparatus for radioactive waste materials
CN102076565B (zh) * 2008-06-26 2012-10-17 原子能及能源替代委员会 将砂浆引入盛放器的引入系统
WO2010004113A1 (fr) * 2008-06-26 2010-01-14 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Système d'introduction de mortier dans un conteneur
FR2933077A1 (fr) * 2008-06-26 2010-01-01 Commissariat Energie Atomique Systeme d'introduction de mortier dans un conteneur
US8631835B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2014-01-21 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives System for injecting mortar into a container
WO2016166013A1 (fr) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Innoveox Procédé de conditionnement de déchets radioactifs
FR3035261A1 (fr) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-21 Innoveox Procede de conditionnement de dechets radioactifs
CN109874299A (zh) * 2015-04-17 2019-06-11 依诺维公司 用于封装放射性废物的方法
WO2016169929A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Innoveox Dispositif de conditionnement de déchets radioactifs
FR3035537A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-28 Innoveox Dispositif de conditionnement de dechets radioactifs
CN109874300A (zh) * 2015-04-21 2019-06-11 依诺维公司 用于调节放射性废料的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3245443A1 (de) 1984-06-14
US4636363A (en) 1987-01-13
JPS59114500A (ja) 1984-07-02
DE3374098D1 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0111221B1 (fr) 1987-10-14
ES8707820A1 (es) 1987-08-16
ES527896A0 (es) 1987-08-16
DE3245443C2 (de) 1986-05-15

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