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EP0108262A2 - Dispositif pour le traitement de déchets - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le traitement de déchets Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0108262A2
EP0108262A2 EP83109999A EP83109999A EP0108262A2 EP 0108262 A2 EP0108262 A2 EP 0108262A2 EP 83109999 A EP83109999 A EP 83109999A EP 83109999 A EP83109999 A EP 83109999A EP 0108262 A2 EP0108262 A2 EP 0108262A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tines
knife
housing
shaft
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83109999A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0108262A3 (en
EP0108262B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Gotterbarm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT83109999T priority Critical patent/ATE25593T1/de
Publication of EP0108262A2 publication Critical patent/EP0108262A2/fr
Publication of EP0108262A3 publication Critical patent/EP0108262A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0108262B1 publication Critical patent/EP0108262B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for processing waste, which can be used in particular for the comminution of cellulose-containing products, such as vine and tree wood, wood waste, straw and the like. It comprises a housing provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening and a housing arranged therein rotating drivable knife, which cooperates with a stationary counter knife, exists.
  • a device of this type is known from DE-OS 24 54 262.
  • the knives here consist of a plurality of rigid, rectangular plates offset from one another on a drive shaft, the front edge of which is formed on each of the opposite sides by an arc.
  • a device equipped with such knives can be used for comminuting mixed waste in order to enable volume reduction, a high degree of compaction of waste cannot be achieved.
  • the drive energy supplied to the knife is to be partially converted into heat by this, so that liquefiable parts in the waste change their state of aggregation for a short time during the shredding process and the shredded material is thus baked.
  • the construction effort with which this can be achieved should be kept extremely low, so that the device can be manufactured economically, but the cutting and transporting performance of the knife must always be reliable.
  • this object is achieved in that the knife is provided with projecting tines and pressing tines which project from a hub which receives the drive shaft and is curved in the direction of rotation, in that the housing of the device is connected to the inlet opening for the material to be comminuted in a partial area
  • the outside diameter of the conveyor tines is adapted and tightly enveloped, that the outside diameter of the pressing tines is set back compared to the conveyor tines and that one or more conveyor shafts, preferably arranged axially parallel to one another, for receiving the pressed material are connected to the outlet opening, each of which has a calming zone and / or have a cooling zone.
  • the conveying tines and / or the pressing tines can be provided with one or more grooves extending in the axial direction or inclined to this, with corrugation, toothing or the like in the front region which is curved in the direction of rotation.
  • the knife is also very advantageous to design the knife as a knife shaft, which consists of individual knife disks carrying the conveying and pressing tines and arranged side by side on the drive shaft.
  • the individual knife disks of the knife shaft offset in the circumferential direction in such a way that the conveying or pressing tines of a disk are arranged in the region of the space enclosed by the tines of the immediately adjacent disks.
  • the knife disks of the knife shaft can also be arranged rotated relative to one another in the circumferential direction, such that the conveying tines of at least two immediately adjacent knife disks are preferably offset from one another by one division.
  • one or more can preferably be in a simple manner, preferably in the central region between the delivery and pressing tines each receiving chamber formed by recessing a prong can be provided.
  • the inlet opening of the housing should be provided with an inlet funnel opening into the free area of the knife shaft, which can be formed by a plate inserted into the housing, fastened to the latter and to the knife shaft cover and arranged inclined in the direction of the knife shaft.
  • the counter knife interacting with the rotatingly drivable knife or the knife shaft is expediently designed as a rake-like hold-down device arranged in the region of the outlet opening of the housing in the conveying direction, the webs of which engage between the individual knife disks of the knife shaft.
  • the webs of the hold-down device in the form of an obtuse-angled triangle, to attach it to the housing at the level of the drive shaft of the knife shaft and with its free end to approximately offset to the center of the drive shaft to let it protrude into the cutter disks, the end face of the webs facing the outlet opening of the housing being designed to widen conically and the free end of the webs should be provided with an inclined insertion slope in the direction of the outlet opening.
  • a filling wedge which is preferably designed as a continuous bar and protrudes close to the diameter of the conveying tines, between the webs of the hold-down device immediately before the outlet opening of the housing.
  • the calming zone and / or the cooling zone of the conveying shaft can be formed in a simple manner from two half-shells, which are held against one another and are preferably tensioned by spring force, so that an automatic adaptation to different conveying quantities of the knife shaft is given and damage caused by jam formation is avoided.
  • the conveyor shaft can also be easily cleaned by removing a half-shell.
  • cooling air can be supplied to this.
  • the cooling zone is provided with one or more cooling air channels which extend in the axial direction thereof and are preferably attached to the outer surface of the half-shells and which are connected to the interior of the cooling zone via bores or the like.
  • the cooling zone can also be formed wholly or partially from a supporting frame which receives the pressed material and which can consist of rods, pipes or the like which extend in the axial direction thereof and are preferably fastened to holding brackets which are adjustable relative to one another and tensioned by spring force.
  • a supporting frame which receives the pressed material and which can consist of rods, pipes or the like which extend in the axial direction thereof and are preferably fastened to holding brackets which are adjustable relative to one another and tensioned by spring force.
  • the device designed according to the invention is not only simple in its structural design and thus economical to produce and enables satisfactory comminution and further transport of the waste, but with the specially designed knife of this device it is also possible to convert the drive energy supplied into heat accomplish that is transferable to the shredded good. If the knife is provided with conveyor tines that are closely enveloped in a part of the housing by this, and with press tines that are set back in their outer diameter compared to the conveyor tines, it is possible to use the conveyor tines to convey part of the material to the counter knife feed, shred in cooperation with this and transport into the conveyor shaft.
  • part of the material to be shredded is pressed between the latter and the housing and rubs against it, so that the drive energy supplied is converted into heat.
  • the comminuted material is also solidified and is therefore easy to process, since it is ejected to a certain extent as a briquette strand.
  • the device designed according to the invention which can be attached to a mulch device or the like without difficulty, so that waste can be processed directly on the spot, such high temperatures are in the interior of the housing, for example of approximately 100 ° To achieve 170 ° C that wood swells and escapes from this lignin or plastics partially melt.
  • the funding shaft in which a counter-moment is generated, so to speak, so that the comminuted material remains in the housing for a certain period of time, however, this is cooled again, so that caking results in a solid strand which has to be divided into individual briquettes which are easy to remove and, if so combustible waste is processed, can be used for heating purposes.
  • Knife 21, 21 '... protrudes and is provided with an insertion bevel 37.
  • the end face 34 facing the outlet opening 13 of the housing 11 thus widens towards the latter, so that the comminuted material can easily be conveyed through the outlet opening 13 into the shaft 41 adjoining it in the direction of arrow B.
  • grooves 25 and 26 can be incorporated into the conveyor tines 23 and also into the pressing tines 24, in which the material to be shredded, for example branches, are held and rubbed along the inner wall of the housing part 14.
  • the material fed through the insertion opening 12 of the housing 11 to the knife shaft 20 is picked up by the receiving pockets 27 provided between the tines, transported to the hold-down device 3.1 and in cooperation with the webs 32 and the filling wedge 36, which is close to the diameter of the conveyor tines 23 protrudes into the housing 11, crushed.
  • the pressing tines 24 are dimensioned smaller in their outer diameter than the conveying tines 23, is pressed against this in the partial region 14 of the housing 11 and rubbed along the inner wall of the housing, so that part of the energy supplied via the drive shaft 15 thus being converted into heat.
  • the temperature in the housing 11, depending on the number of pressing tines 24 and their design, is increased such that at least some of the material to be shredded sometimes changes the state of aggregation, in which, for example, plastic parts become viscous or wood lignin is excreted.
  • hardening occurs again in the conveyor shaft 41 as soon as a corresponding cooling has occurred, so that a highly compressed and solid strand in the conveyor shaft 41 is required.
  • the insertion opening 12 is provided with an inlet funnel 17 formed by a plate, which is attached to the housing 11 and a cover 16 which connects the knife shaft 2o to the outlet opening 13 on the area opposite the housing part 14, is attached.
  • the conveyor shaft 41 has a calming zone 42 and a cooling zone 43, in which the comminuted and swollen material is cooled in such a way that it can be removed by hand and transported on after exiting the conveyor shaft 41.
  • the cooling zone 43 consists of two tubular half-shells 46 and 47, which are attached to a flange 45 of an intermediate piece 44 fastened to the housing 11, which here forms the calming zone 42.
  • the half-shells 46 and 47, between which a seal 54 is inserted, are pressed together by the force of springs 49, which are each arranged on a screw bolt 48 provided with a nut 5o.
  • springs 49 which are each arranged on a screw bolt 48 provided with a nut 5o.
  • the half-shells 46 and 47 are equipped with attached cooling air channels 51, which are connected via a hose line 52 cooling air is supplied, which flows into the half-shells 46 and 47 incorporated holes 53 to the pressed material.
  • the half-shells 46 "and 47" forming the cooling zone 43 can also be equipped with cooling fins 55.
  • the calming zone 42" upstream of the cooling zone 43 " also consists of two half-shells .
  • the closed cooling zone 43 is followed by an open cooling zone 43 ′, which is formed from a support frame 61.
  • an open cooling zone 43 ′ which is formed from a support frame 61.
  • rods 65 are fastened, through which the pressed material is guided. The thermal energy still present in it can thus be absorbed by the ambient air.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the device 1 composed of the housing 11 according to FIG. 1 and a plurality of conveying shafts 41 ′′ arranged parallel to one another according to FIG. 5.
  • the cooling zone 43 ′′ is provided here with a support 56 adjoining it consists of a half shell 57 fastened by means of a flange 58.
  • the pressed strand emerging from the cooling zone 42 ′′ can thus be easily picked up, if necessary broken down into briquette-like pieces and transported further.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
EP83109999A 1982-11-06 1983-10-06 Dispositif pour le traitement de déchets Expired EP0108262B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83109999T ATE25593T1 (de) 1982-11-06 1983-10-06 Vorrichtung zur bearbeitung von abfaellen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823241037 DE3241037A1 (de) 1982-11-06 1982-11-06 Vorrichtung zur bearbeitung von abfaellen
DE3241037 1982-11-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0108262A2 true EP0108262A2 (fr) 1984-05-16
EP0108262A3 EP0108262A3 (en) 1986-01-02
EP0108262B1 EP0108262B1 (fr) 1987-03-04

Family

ID=6177458

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109999A Expired EP0108262B1 (fr) 1982-11-06 1983-10-06 Dispositif pour le traitement de déchets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0108262B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE25593T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3241037A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES284469Y (fr)
HU (1) HU189355B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2402398A (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-08 Alchemy Technologies Ltd Biomass briquette bound with lignin
CN105413828A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2016-03-23 安徽江南液压机床制造有限公司 一种木材粉碎机用散热刀片

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPO314396A0 (en) * 1996-10-22 1996-11-14 Wood, Jeffrey Robert Pulping apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB341611A (en) * 1929-11-13 1931-01-22 James Lockhart Jardine Process of and apparatus for splintering pieces of bamboo and like material
US3237873A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-03-01 Raski Heimo Method and apparatus for disassociating agglomerated rock salt
CH560070A5 (en) * 1972-11-24 1975-03-27 Sbh Trading Sa Refuse treatment and compaction machine - shreds mixture and compacts in auger discharging through tube
US3873035A (en) * 1973-01-23 1975-03-25 Russell Richard Benson Apparatus for treating waste material
DE2454262A1 (de) * 1974-11-15 1976-05-20 Schwarz Werner Vorrichtung zum bearbeiten von abfall
CA1171742A (fr) * 1980-11-03 1984-07-31 S. Hunter W. Brooks Natte en fibres moulees autostables, et methode de production connexe

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2402398A (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-08 Alchemy Technologies Ltd Biomass briquette bound with lignin
CN105413828A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2016-03-23 安徽江南液压机床制造有限公司 一种木材粉碎机用散热刀片

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES284469Y (es) 1986-05-01
ES284469U (es) 1985-08-01
EP0108262A3 (en) 1986-01-02
ATE25593T1 (de) 1987-03-15
EP0108262B1 (fr) 1987-03-04
DE3241037A1 (de) 1984-05-10
HU189355B (en) 1986-06-30
HUT35983A (en) 1985-08-28
DE3369913D1 (en) 1987-04-09

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