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EP0107012A1 - Detector matting - Google Patents

Detector matting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107012A1
EP0107012A1 EP83109082A EP83109082A EP0107012A1 EP 0107012 A1 EP0107012 A1 EP 0107012A1 EP 83109082 A EP83109082 A EP 83109082A EP 83109082 A EP83109082 A EP 83109082A EP 0107012 A1 EP0107012 A1 EP 0107012A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
dielectric
strip
spacers
detector mat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83109082A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0107012B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dr. Schewe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Priority to AT83109082T priority Critical patent/ATE19160T1/en
Publication of EP0107012A1 publication Critical patent/EP0107012A1/en
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Publication of EP0107012B1 publication Critical patent/EP0107012B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/10—Mechanical actuation by pressure on floors, floor coverings, stair treads, counters, or tills
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detector mat with electrodes that form at least one pressure-sensitive transducer element with a flat base body.
  • Capacitive-based keys are known in which the compression of a dielectric causes an abrupt change in capacitance, which is converted into pulses with the aid of suitable circuits and supplied to electronics. Such buttons without mechanical contacts have a long service life (Elektronikschau, issue 9, 1980, page 27).
  • a capacitive push button switch is also known, in which a film made of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, which is provided as a dielectric, is provided on one flat side with a thin, flexible electrode which is connected to a push button via an intermediate foam layer. On the opposite flat side of the dielectric, two electrical conductors are provided at a predetermined distance, which are arranged side by side on a printed circuit board and form a series connection of capacitors with the dielectric and the common electrode. By actuating the push button, a change in the total capacity is obtained, from which a switching signal is derived (DE-OS 31 14 518).
  • a detector mat with a flat base body is known, on the flat sides of which electrodes are arranged.
  • the basic body consists of: piezoelectric material and its flat sides are provided with the electrodes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a detector mat that is sensitive to pressure, can be manufactured in a simple manner, is insensitive to interference and has a long life.
  • the capacitance value of the unloaded mat is automatically restored after each load.
  • the capacitance at the load points is determined by the thickness of the dielectric, its dielectric constant and the effective electrode area.
  • the thickness of 10 / um does not substantially exceed in general, and whose relative dielectric constant is about 10 to 15, the capacitance change is more than an order of magnitude and is therefore easily be evaluated electronically.
  • the elasticity and thickness of the spacers is chosen so that the capacities between the electrodes arranged on both flat sides of the dielectric are sufficiently small in the unloaded state at the same time a high sensitivity of the detector mat is achieved.
  • the detector mat forms a sensitive and reliable and therefore versatile security device that can also be used as an alarm device.
  • the electrode strips and the spacers can be arranged on a common base plate.
  • the mechanical stress on the dielectric is relatively low.
  • a thin, areal dielectric made of piezoceramic with a high relative dielectric constant can also be provided. This results in a change in capacity by several orders of magnitude.
  • a particularly simple signal detection with spatial resolution is obtained with an embodiment of the detector mat with row and column electrodes, the crossing points of which each form a transducer element. An AC voltage is applied to these electrodes one after the other in columns and the signals are read out line by line.
  • the spacers can expediently consist of electrically insulating elastomers, which can be strip-shaped or cylindrical or can also be designed as knobs. They can be attached to the base or printed circuit board as well as to a support serving as a cover plate.
  • the electrodes can be at least partially made of metal or also consist of electrically conductive elastomers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a particularly simple embodiment in an exploded sandwich representation.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with row and column electrodes.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of the arrangement according to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and
  • FIG. 5 shows a detector mat with knob-shaped spacers.
  • a flat, thin dielectric 2 preferably a film made of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF with a thickness of approximately 5 to 100 ⁇ m , preferably approximately 10 ⁇ m , in particular a film made of lead zirconate titanate PZT, the thickness of which 100 / um does not significantly exceed and the relative dielectric constant can be up to approximately 4000, provided as the dielectric.
  • a large number of strip electrodes with a predetermined thickness, not shown in the figure, are arranged on their lower flat side, of which only two are shown in the figure and are designated 4 and 5 for simplicity.
  • strip electrodes 4 and 5 consist, at least in their surface area facing the dielectric 2, of electrically conductive material, for example an electrically conductive elastomer, or also of metal. These strip electrodes 4 and 5 are arranged between also strip-shaped spacers 6, 7 and 8 with greater thickness, which are preferably made of elec trisch insulating elastomers exist. The strip electrodes 4 and 5 and the spacers 6 to 8 are arranged in parallel on a base plate 14, which can be made of plastic, for example. On the upper flat side of the double electric 2, a thin, flat electrode 10 made of electrically conductive material is provided, which can be attached to a rigid cover plate 12, for example. The assembly of the cover plate 12 with the electrode 10 can preferably consist of a commercially available copper-clad printed circuit board.
  • the adjacent soft spacers 6, 7 or 8 are pressed together, so that the distance between the strip electrodes 4 or 5 and the electrode 10 is reduced in the loaded surface area.
  • a switching signal is derived from the corresponding change in capacitance and supplied to electronics constructed in a known manner.
  • the electrode 10 is provided with an electrical connecting conductor, not shown in the figure.
  • the strip electrodes 4 and 5 are also connected to a common electrical connecting conductor.
  • a foil made of lead zirconate titanate PZT is provided as dielectric 2, which can be soldered or glued to electrode 10 in a simple manner.
  • dielectric 2 a foil made of lead zirconate titanate PZT is provided as dielectric 2, which can be soldered or glued to electrode 10 in a simple manner.
  • a correspondingly increased output signal is obtained.
  • cylindrical strip electrodes 24 and 25 are provided, which are arranged below the dielectric 2 on the base plate 14. Also provided on the upper flat side of the dielectric 2 are cylindrical spacers 26 and 27 with a greater thickness D, which are made of an electrically insulating elastomer. Furthermore, strip-shaped electrodes are provided above the dielectric 2, of which only the first is visible in the figure and is designated by 28, and are fastened to the common cover 12.
  • the base plate 14 is provided with a planar electrode 34, which can consist, for example, of metal, preferably of copper. Knob-shaped spacers 36 to 38 are provided on this electrode 34, which spacers can be glued, for example, to their metallic base. Above the dielectric 2, strip electrodes 34 and 35 are arranged between the rows of the knob-shaped spacers 36 to 38 and attached to the cover plate 12. In this embodiment, both the base plate 14 with its electrode 34 and the spacers 36 to 38 and the cover plate 12 with its strip electrodes 34 and 35 can each be prefabricated as a structural unit. The knob shape of the spacers 36 to 38 makes the detector mat softer and increases the sensitivity of the arrangement accordingly.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

1. A detector mat in which a thin, sheet-like dielectric (2) is provided as a base body which, on each of its two flat faces, is allotted at least one electrode (4, 5; 10), which electrodes are at least partially movables relative to one another under a pressure loading, where the change in capacitance of the detector mat which is produced as a result of a change in the spacing between the electrodes serves to produce an output signal, characterised in that on at least one of the flat faces, there are provided a plurality of strip electrodes (4, 5) which are arranged one beside another and between which are arranged elastic spacers (6 to 8) (Fig. 1).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Detektormatte mit Elektroden, die mit einem flachen Grundkörper wenigstens ein druckempfindliches Wandlerelement bilden.The invention relates to a detector mat with electrodes that form at least one pressure-sensitive transducer element with a flat base body.

Es sind Tasten auf kapazitiver Basis bekannt, bei denen das Zusammenpressen eines Dielektrikums eine sprunghafte Kapazitätsänderung bewirkt, die mit Hilfe geeigneter Schaltungen in Impulse umgesetzt und einer Elektronik zugeführt wird. Solche Taster ohne mechanische Kontakte haben eine hohe Lebensdauer (Elektronikschau, Heft 9, 1980, Seite 27).Capacitive-based keys are known in which the compression of a dielectric causes an abrupt change in capacitance, which is converted into pulses with the aid of suitable circuits and supplied to electronics. Such buttons without mechanical contacts have a long service life (Elektronikschau, issue 9, 1980, page 27).

Es ist ferner ein kapazitiver Druckknopfschalter bekannt, bei dem eine Folie aus Polyvinylidenfluorid PVDF, die als Dielektrikum vorgesehen ist, an einer Flachseite mit einer dünnen biegsamen Elektrode versehen ist, die über eine Schaumstoffzwischenlage mit einem Druckknopf verbunden ist. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Flachseite des Dielektrikums sind in einem vorgegebenen Abstand zwei elektrische Leiter vorgesehen, die auf einer Leiterplatte nebeneinander angeordnet sind und mit dem Dielektrikum und der gemeinsamen Elektrode eine Reihenschaltung von Kapazitäten bilden. Mit der Betätigung des Druckknopfes erhält man eine Änderung der Gesamtkapazität, aus der ein Schaltsignal abgeleitet wird (DE-OS 31 14 518).A capacitive push button switch is also known, in which a film made of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, which is provided as a dielectric, is provided on one flat side with a thin, flexible electrode which is connected to a push button via an intermediate foam layer. On the opposite flat side of the dielectric, two electrical conductors are provided at a predetermined distance, which are arranged side by side on a printed circuit board and form a series connection of capacitors with the dielectric and the common electrode. By actuating the push button, a change in the total capacity is obtained, from which a switching signal is derived (DE-OS 31 14 518).

Es ist ferner eine Detektormatte mit einem flachen Grundkörper bekannt, an dessen Flachseiten Elektroden angeordnet sind. Der Grundkörper besteht aus:piezoelektrischem Material und seine Flachseiten sind mit den Elektroden versehen. Bei dieser piezoelektrisch wirkenden Detektormatte können langsam sich ändernde Druckbelastungen oder statische Druckbelastungen nicht eindeutig erkannt werden, weil die geringen piezoelektrisch erzeugten Ladungen abfließen können (DE-AS 28 34 863).Furthermore, a detector mat with a flat base body is known, on the flat sides of which electrodes are arranged. The basic body consists of: piezoelectric material and its flat sides are provided with the electrodes. With this piezoelectrically acting detector mat, slowly changing pressure loads or static pressure loads cannot be clearly identified because the small piezoelectrically generated charges can flow off (DE-AS 28 34 863).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Detektormatte anzugeben, die empfindlich ist gegen Druckeinwirkung, in einfacher Weise hergestellt werden kann, unempfindlich ist gegen Störungseinflüsse und eine lange Lebensdauer hat.The invention has for its object to provide a detector mat that is sensitive to pressure, can be manufactured in a simple manner, is insensitive to interference and has a long life.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Mit dieser Ausführungsform der Detektormatte stellt sich nach jeder Belastung der Kapazitätswert der unbelasteten Matte selbsttätig wieder ein. Beim Betreten der Detektormatte wird die Kapazität an den Belastungspunkten durch die Dicke des Dielektrikums, dessen Dielektrizitätskonstante und die wirksame Elektrodenfläche bestimmt. Bei Verwendung einer Folie aus Polyvinylidenfluorid PVDF oder eines Copolymers, deren Dicke 10 /um im allgemeinen nicht wesentlich überschreitet und deren relative Dielektrizitätskonstante etwa 10 bis 15 ist, beträgt die Kapazitätsänderung mehr als eine Größenordnung und ist somit leicht elektronisch auswertbar. Die Elastizität und Dicke der Abstandhalter wird so gewählt, daß im unbelasteten Zustand die Kapazitäten zwischen den an beiden Flachseiten des Dielektrikums angeordneten Elektroden ausreichend klein sind und zugleich eine große Empfindlichkeit der Detektormatte erreicht wird. Die Detektormatte bildet eine empfindliche und zuverlässige und somit vielseitig einsetzbare Sicherheitseinrichtung, die auch als Alarmeinrichtung verwendet werden kann. tThis object is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1. With this embodiment of the detector mat, the capacitance value of the unloaded mat is automatically restored after each load. When entering the detector mat, the capacitance at the load points is determined by the thickness of the dielectric, its dielectric constant and the effective electrode area. When using a foil of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF or a copolymer, the thickness of 10 / um does not substantially exceed in general, and whose relative dielectric constant is about 10 to 15, the capacitance change is more than an order of magnitude and is therefore easily be evaluated electronically. The elasticity and thickness of the spacers is chosen so that the capacities between the electrodes arranged on both flat sides of the dielectric are sufficiently small in the unloaded state at the same time a high sensitivity of the detector mat is achieved. The detector mat forms a sensitive and reliable and therefore versatile security device that can also be used as an alarm device. t

In einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsform der Detektormatte können die Elektrodenstreifen und die Abstandhalter auf einer gemeinsamen Grundplatte angeordnet sein. In dieser Ausführungsform mit einer verhältnismäßig steifen Abdeckplatte ist die mechanische Beanspruchung des Dielektrikums verhältnismäßig gering.In a particularly simple embodiment of the detector mat, the electrode strips and the spacers can be arranged on a common base plate. In this embodiment with a relatively rigid cover plate, the mechanical stress on the dielectric is relatively low.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Detektormatte kann auch ein dünnes, flächenhaftes Dielektrikum aus Piezokeramik mit einer hohen relativen Dielektrizitätskonstanten vorgesehen sein. Damit erhält man eine Kapazitätsänderung um mehrere Größenordnungen.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the detector mat, a thin, areal dielectric made of piezoceramic with a high relative dielectric constant can also be provided. This results in a change in capacity by several orders of magnitude.

Eine besonders einfache Signalerkennung mit Ortsauflösung erhält man mit einer Ausführungsform der Detektormatte mit Zeilen- und Spaltenelektroden, deren Kreuzungspunkte jeweils ein Wandlerelement bilden. An diese Elektroden wird spaltenweise nacheinander jeweils eine Wechselspannung angelegt und die Signale werden zeilenweise ausgelesen.A particularly simple signal detection with spatial resolution is obtained with an embodiment of the detector mat with row and column electrodes, the crossing points of which each form a transducer element. An AC voltage is applied to these electrodes one after the other in columns and the signals are read out line by line.

Die Abstandhalter können zweckmäßig aus elektrisch isolierenden Elastomeren bestehen, die streifenförmig oder zylinderförmig gestaltet sein können oder auch als Noppen ausgeführt werden können. Sie können sowohl an der Grund- oder Leiterplatte als auch an einer als Abdeckplatte dienenden Auflage befestigt sein. Die Elektroden können wenigstens teilweise aus Metall oder auch aus elektrisch leitenden Elastomeren bestehen.The spacers can expediently consist of electrically insulating elastomers, which can be strip-shaped or cylindrical or can also be designed as knobs. They can be attached to the base or printed circuit board as well as to a support serving as a cover plate. The electrodes can be at least partially made of metal or also consist of electrically conductive elastomers.

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen, in der Ausführungsbeispiele von Detektormatten nach der Erfindung schematisch veranschaulicht sind. Figur 1 zeigt eine besonders einfache Ausführungsform in auseinandergezogener Sandwich-Darstellung. In Figur 2 ist eine Ausführungsform mit Zeilen- und Spaltenelektroden dargestellt. In Figur 3 ist eine Draufsicht der Anordnung nach Figur 2 veranschaulicht. Figur 4 zeigt eine Abwandlung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 und in Figur 5 ist eine Detektormatte mit noppenförmigen Abstandhaltern dargestellt.To further explain the invention, reference is made to the drawing, in which exemplary embodiments of detector mats according to the invention are illustrated schematically. Figure 1 shows a particularly simple embodiment in an exploded sandwich representation. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with row and column electrodes. FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of the arrangement according to FIG. 2. FIG. 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 shows a detector mat with knob-shaped spacers.

In der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 ist ein flächenhaftes, dünnes Dielektrikum 2, vorzugsweise eine Folie aus Polyvinylidenfluorid PVDF mit einer Dicke von etwa 5 bis 100 /um, vorzugsweise etwa 10 /um, insbesondere eine Folie aus Blei-Zirkonat-Titanat PZT, deren Dicke 100 /um nicht wesentlich überschreitet und deren relative Dielektrizitätskonstante bis zu annähernd 4000 betragen kann, als Dielektrikum vorgesehen. An ihrer unteren Flachseite sind eine große Anzahl von Streifenelektroden mit einer vorbestimmten, in der Figur nicht näher bezeichneten Dicke angeordnet, von denen in der Figur zur Vereinfachung nur zwei dargestellt und mit 4 bzw. 5 bezeichnet sind. Diese Streifenelektroden 4 und 5 bestehen wenigstens in ihrem dem Dielektrikum 2 zugewandten Oberflächenbereich aus elektrisch leitendem Material, beispielsweise einem elektrisch leitenden Elastomer, oder auch aus Metall. Diese Streifenelektroden 4 und 5 sind zwischen ebenfalls streifenförmigen Abstandhaltern 6, 7 und 8 mit größerer Dicke angeordnet, die vorzugsweise aus elektrisch isolierenden Elastomeren bestehen. Die Streifenelektroden 4 und 5 sowie die Abstandhalter 6 bis 8 sind auf einer Grundplatte 14, die beispielsweise aus Kunststoff bestehen kann, parallel nebeneinander angeordnet. Auf der oberen Flachseite des Diplektrikums 2 ist eine dünne, flächenhafte Elektrode 10 aus elektrisch leitendem Material vorgesehen, die beispielsweise an einer steifen Abdeckplatte 12 befestigt sein kann. Die Baueinheit aus der Abdeckplatte 12 mit der Elektrode 10 kann vorzugsweise aus einer handelsüblichen kupferkaschierten Leiterplatte bestehen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, there is a flat, thin dielectric 2, preferably a film made of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF with a thickness of approximately 5 to 100 μm , preferably approximately 10 μm , in particular a film made of lead zirconate titanate PZT, the thickness of which 100 / um does not significantly exceed and the relative dielectric constant can be up to approximately 4000, provided as the dielectric. A large number of strip electrodes with a predetermined thickness, not shown in the figure, are arranged on their lower flat side, of which only two are shown in the figure and are designated 4 and 5 for simplicity. These strip electrodes 4 and 5 consist, at least in their surface area facing the dielectric 2, of electrically conductive material, for example an electrically conductive elastomer, or also of metal. These strip electrodes 4 and 5 are arranged between also strip-shaped spacers 6, 7 and 8 with greater thickness, which are preferably made of elec trisch insulating elastomers exist. The strip electrodes 4 and 5 and the spacers 6 to 8 are arranged in parallel on a base plate 14, which can be made of plastic, for example. On the upper flat side of the double electric 2, a thin, flat electrode 10 made of electrically conductive material is provided, which can be attached to a rigid cover plate 12, for example. The assembly of the cover plate 12 with the electrode 10 can preferably consist of a commercially available copper-clad printed circuit board.

Im Falle einer Druckbelastung werden die benachbarten weichen Abstandhalter 6, 7 oder 8 zusammengedrückt, so daß sich der Abstand zwischen den Streifenelektroden 4 oder 5 und der Elektrode 10 in dem belasteten Oberflächenbereich vermindert. Aus der entsprechenden Kapazitätsänderung wird ein Schaltsignal abgeleitet und einer in bekannter Weise aufgebauten Elektronik zugeführt. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Elektrode 10 mit einem in der Figur nicht dargestellten elektrischen Anschlußleiter versehen. Auch die Streifenelektroden 4 und 5 sind mit einem gemeinsamen elektrischen Anschlußleiter verbunden. Ein besonderer Vorteil der Detektormatte besteht darin, daß sie am Ende jeder Druckbelastung unter der Wirkung ihrer Abstandhalter 6 bis 8 ihren ursprünglichen Kapazitätswert wenigstens annähernd wieder annimmt.In the event of a pressure load, the adjacent soft spacers 6, 7 or 8 are pressed together, so that the distance between the strip electrodes 4 or 5 and the electrode 10 is reduced in the loaded surface area. A switching signal is derived from the corresponding change in capacitance and supplied to electronics constructed in a known manner. For this purpose, the electrode 10 is provided with an electrical connecting conductor, not shown in the figure. The strip electrodes 4 and 5 are also connected to a common electrical connecting conductor. A particular advantage of the detector mat is that at the end of each pressure load, under the action of its spacers 6 to 8, it at least approximately resumes its original capacitance value.

In einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Detektormatte ist als Dielektrikum 2 eine Folie aus Blei-Zirkonat-Titanat PZT vorgesehen, die in einfacher Weise mit der Elektrode 10 verlötet oder verklebt sein kann. Mit dieser Ausführungsform der Detektormatte erhält man ein entsprechend erhöhtes Ausgangssignal. Unter Umständen kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Anordnung derart um 180° zu verdrehen, daß die dargestellte Abdeckplatte 12 die Grundplatte bildet, auf der dann die flächenhafte Elektrode 10 und das Dielektrikum 2 gestapelt sind. (In a special embodiment of the detector mat, a foil made of lead zirconate titanate PZT is provided as dielectric 2, which can be soldered or glued to electrode 10 in a simple manner. With this embodiment of the detector mat, a correspondingly increased output signal is obtained. Under Under certain circumstances, it may be expedient to rotate the arrangement by 180 ° in such a way that the cover plate 12 shown forms the base plate on which the planar electrode 10 and the dielectric 2 are then stacked. (

In der Ausführungsform der Detektormatte nach Figur 2 sind zylindrische Streifenelektroden 24 und 25 vorgesehen, die unterhalb des Dielektrikums 2 auf der Grundplatte 14 angeordnet sind. Auf der oberen Flachseite des Dielektrikums 2 sind ebenfalls zylindrische Abstandhalter 26 und 27 mit größerer Dicke D vorgesehen, die aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Elastomer bestehen. Ferner sind oberhalb des Dielektrikums 2 streifenförmige Elektroden vorgesehen, von denen in der Figur nur die erste sichtbar und mit 28 bezeichnet ist, und die an der gemeinsamen Abdeckung 12 befestigt sind.In the embodiment of the detector mat according to FIG. 2, cylindrical strip electrodes 24 and 25 are provided, which are arranged below the dielectric 2 on the base plate 14. Also provided on the upper flat side of the dielectric 2 are cylindrical spacers 26 and 27 with a greater thickness D, which are made of an electrically insulating elastomer. Furthermore, strip-shaped electrodes are provided above the dielectric 2, of which only the first is visible in the figure and is designated by 28, and are fastened to the common cover 12.

Nach Figur 3 sind diese Streifenelektroden 24 und 25 zu den oberhalb des Dielektrikums 2 angeordneten, ebenfalls streifenförmigen Elektroden 28 bis 30 derart gekreuzt, daß in ihren Kreuzungspunkten jeweils ein Druckwandlerelement gebildet wird. In dieser Ausführungsform bilden die Streifenelektroden 24 und 25 in X-Richtung verlaufende Spaltenleiter und die an der Abdeckung 12 befestigten Elektroden 28 bis 30 in Y-Richtung verlaufende Zeilenleiter. Im Falle einer Druckbelastung P werden die benachbarten weichen Abstandhalter 26 und 27 zusammengedrückt, so daß sich der Abstand A zwischen der als Zeilenleiter dienenden Elektrode 30 und der als Spaltenleiter dienenden Streifenelektrode 24 vermindert und die Kapazität des in diesem Kreuzungspunkt gebildeten Wandlerelements 16 entsprechend erhöht wird. Dieses Signal kann an der Streifenelektrode 24 oder der Elektrode 30 ausgelesen werden. Mit dieser Ausführungsform erhält man somit eine ortsauflösende Detektormatte. :

  • Abweichend von der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 2 und 3 können nach Figur 4 oberhalb des Dielektrikums 2 streifenförmige Elektroden 38 und 39 auch derart angeordnet sein, daß sie oberhalb der Streifenelektroden 24 und 25 und parallel zu diesen sowie parallel zu den Abstandhaltern 26 und 27 verlaufen. In dieser Anordnung ist die Kapazität der unbelasteten Detektormatte sehr gering und das Schaltverhalten der Detektormatte wird entsprechend verbessert.
According to FIG. 3, these strip electrodes 24 and 25 are crossed to the likewise strip-shaped electrodes 28 to 30 arranged above the dielectric 2 in such a way that a pressure transducer element is formed at their crossing points. In this embodiment, the strip electrodes 24 and 25 form column conductors in the X direction and the electrodes 28 to 30 attached to the cover 12 form row conductors in the Y direction. In the event of a pressure load P, the adjacent soft spacers 26 and 27 are pressed together, so that the distance A between the electrode 30 serving as a row conductor and the strip electrode 24 serving as a column conductor is reduced and the capacitance of the transducer element 16 formed in this crossing point is increased accordingly. This signal can be seen at the Strip electrode 24 or the electrode 30 can be read out. With this embodiment, a spatially resolving detector mat is thus obtained. :
  • In a departure from the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, strip-shaped electrodes 38 and 39 can also be arranged above the dielectric 2 in accordance with FIG. 4 in such a way that they run above the strip electrodes 24 and 25 and parallel to these and parallel to the spacers 26 and 27. In this arrangement, the capacity of the unloaded detector mat is very low and the switching behavior of the detector mat is improved accordingly.

In der Ausführungsform nach Figur 5 ist die Grundplatte 14 mit einer flächenhaften Elektrode 34 versehen, die beispielsweise aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus Kupfer, bestehen kann. Auf dieser Elektrode 34 sind noppenförmige Abstandhalter 36 bis 38 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise auf ihre metallische Unterlage aufgeklebt sein können. Oberhalb des Dielektrikums 2 sind Streifenelektroden 34 und 35 zwischen den Reihen der noppenförmigen Abstandhalter 36 bis 38 angeordnet und an der Abdeckplatte 12 befestigt. In dieser Ausführungsform kann sowohl die Grundplatte 14 mit ihrer Elektrode 34 und den Abstandhaltern 36 bis 38 als auch die Abdeckplatte 12 mit ihren Streifenelektroden 34 und 35 jeweils als Baueinheit vorgefertigt werden. Durch die Noppenform der Abstandhalter 36 bis 38 wird die Detektormatte weicher und die Empfindlichkeit der Anordnung entsprechend erhöht.In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the base plate 14 is provided with a planar electrode 34, which can consist, for example, of metal, preferably of copper. Knob-shaped spacers 36 to 38 are provided on this electrode 34, which spacers can be glued, for example, to their metallic base. Above the dielectric 2, strip electrodes 34 and 35 are arranged between the rows of the knob-shaped spacers 36 to 38 and attached to the cover plate 12. In this embodiment, both the base plate 14 with its electrode 34 and the spacers 36 to 38 and the cover plate 12 with its strip electrodes 34 and 35 can each be prefabricated as a structural unit. The knob shape of the spacers 36 to 38 makes the detector mat softer and increases the sensitivity of the arrangement accordingly.

Claims (8)

1. Detektormatte mit Elektroden (4, 5; 10), die mit einem flachen Grundkörper (2) wenigstens eintdruckempfindliches Wandlerelement bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Grundkörper ein flächenhaftes, dünnes Dielektrikum (2) vorgesehen ist, dem auf beiden Flachseiten jeweils mindestens eine Elektrode (4, 5; 10) zugeordnet ist, die unter Druckbelastung wenigstens teilweise relativ zueinander beweglich sind, und daß wenigstens die Elektroden an einer der Flachseiten aus nebeneinander angeordneten Streifenelektroden (4, 5) bestehen, und daß zwischen den Streifenelektroden (4, 5) elastische Abstandhalter (6 bis 8) vorgesehen sind (Figur 1).1. Detector mat with electrodes (4, 5; 10), which form at least a pressure-sensitive transducer element with a flat base body (2), characterized in that a flat, thin dielectric (2) is provided as the base body, which has at least one on both flat sides Electrode (4, 5; 10) is assigned, which are at least partially movable relative to one another under pressure, and that at least the electrodes on one of the flat sides consist of strip electrodes (4, 5) arranged next to one another, and that between the strip electrodes (4, 5 ) elastic spacers (6 to 8) are provided (Figure 1). 2. Detektormatte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Dielektrikum Homo- oder Copolymere von Polyvinylidenfluorid PVDF vorgesehen sind.2. Detector mat according to claim 1, characterized in that homopolymers or copolymers of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF are provided as the dielectric. 3. Detektormatte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Streifenelektroden (4, 5) und die Abstandhalter (6 bis 8) auf einer gemeinsamen Grundplatte (14) angeordnet sind.3. Detector mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the strip electrodes (4, 5) and the spacers (6 to 8) are arranged on a common base plate (14). 4 Detektormatte nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Dielektrikum (2) aus Blei-Zirkonat-Titanat PZT besteht.4 detector mat according to claim 3, characterized in that the dielectric (2) consists of lead zirconate titanate PZT. 5. Detektormatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Streifenelektroden (24, 25) aus leitfähigen Elastomeren bestehen, die auf der Grundplatte (14) angeordnet sind, und daß die Abstandhalter (26, 27) auf der gegenüberliegenden Flachseite des Dielektrikums (2) angeordnet sind (Figuren 2 und 3).5. Detector mat according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the strip electrodes (24, 25) made of conductive elastomers exist, which are arranged on the base plate (14), and that the spacers (26, 27) are arranged on the opposite flat side of the dielectric (2) (Figures 2 and 3). 6. Detektormatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß auf beiden Flachseiten des Dielektrikums (2) streifenförmige Elektroden vorgesehen sind, die als Zeilen-und Spaltenelektroden gestaltet sind und deren Kreuzungspunkte jeweils ein druckempfindliches Wandlerelement bilden (Figuren 2 und 3).6. Detector mat according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that strip-shaped electrodes are provided on both flat sides of the dielectric (2), which are designed as row and column electrodes and whose crossing points each form a pressure-sensitive transducer element (Figures 2 and 3) . 7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß an der von den Streifenelektroden (24, 25) abgewandten Flachseite des Dielektrikums (2) ebenfalls streifenförmige Elektroden (38, 39) vorgesehen sind, die oberhalb der Streifenelektroden (24, 25) und parallel zu diesen verlaufen (Figur 4).7. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that strip-shaped electrodes (38, 39) are also provided on the flat side of the dielectric (2) facing away from the strip electrodes (24, 25), which are above the strip electrodes (24, 25) and in parallel run to these (Figure 4). 8. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß noppenförmige Abstandhalter (36 bis 38) vorgesehen sind (Figur 5).8. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that knob-shaped spacers (36 to 38) are provided (Figure 5).
EP83109082A 1982-09-29 1983-09-14 Detector matting Expired EP0107012B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83109082T ATE19160T1 (en) 1982-09-29 1983-09-14 DETECTOR MAT.

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DE3236056 1982-09-29
DE19823236056 DE3236056A1 (en) 1982-09-29 1982-09-29 DETECTOR MAT

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EP0107012A1 true EP0107012A1 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0107012B1 EP0107012B1 (en) 1986-04-09

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AT (1) ATE19160T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3236056A1 (en)

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FR2623646A1 (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-26 Bollore Protection Contact detector, intended especially for perimeter or periphery protection
WO1990010920A1 (en) * 1989-03-11 1990-09-20 Herbert Valdemar Lewin Monitoring system and apparatus
DE19639207A1 (en) * 1996-09-24 1998-04-09 Bircher Ag Electrical circuit encoder
CH691151A5 (en) * 1994-06-09 2001-04-30 Edouard Menoud Device monitoring and alerting to the presence of the body in danger in a pool.
ES2255853A1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2006-07-01 Asociacion De Investigacion De La Industria Textil Presence detector for carpet has electronic system that converts variation in distance between conductive layers of condenser structure into signal that indicates presence of object or person on carpet
WO2008135040A2 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Universität Karlsruhe (Th) Capacitative force sensor arrangement

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DE3418588A1 (en) * 1984-05-18 1985-11-21 Hörmann KG Antriebs- und Steuerungstechnik, 4834 Harsewinkel Signal transmitter for converting a pressure deformation into an electrical signal
DE4103911A1 (en) * 1991-02-08 1992-08-13 Schoeller Philipp A Alarm unit with alarm and switching-off unit - has electric sensor element for producing measurement value which differentiates according to pressure or absence of sleeper to switch-off alarm with absence
DE10248761B4 (en) * 2002-10-18 2013-10-02 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Capacitive measuring sensor and detection device with a capacitive sensor for detecting a pinching situation
DE102013002964B4 (en) * 2013-02-22 2020-06-25 Thomas Sefrin Aircraft lifting device
US11124390B2 (en) 2018-05-22 2021-09-21 Otis Elevator Company Pressure sensitive mat

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2623646A1 (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-26 Bollore Protection Contact detector, intended especially for perimeter or periphery protection
WO1990010920A1 (en) * 1989-03-11 1990-09-20 Herbert Valdemar Lewin Monitoring system and apparatus
CH691151A5 (en) * 1994-06-09 2001-04-30 Edouard Menoud Device monitoring and alerting to the presence of the body in danger in a pool.
DE19639207A1 (en) * 1996-09-24 1998-04-09 Bircher Ag Electrical circuit encoder
ES2255853A1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2006-07-01 Asociacion De Investigacion De La Industria Textil Presence detector for carpet has electronic system that converts variation in distance between conductive layers of condenser structure into signal that indicates presence of object or person on carpet
ES2255853B2 (en) * 2004-12-20 2007-08-01 Asociacion De Investigacion De La Industria Textil CARPET WITH PRESENCE DETECTOR.
WO2008135040A2 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Universität Karlsruhe (Th) Capacitative force sensor arrangement
WO2008135040A3 (en) * 2007-05-08 2009-02-26 Univ Karlsruhe Capacitative force sensor arrangement
US20110037483A1 (en) * 2007-05-08 2011-02-17 Karlsruher Institut Fuer Technologie Mess-sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0107012B1 (en) 1986-04-09
ATE19160T1 (en) 1986-04-15
DE3236056A1 (en) 1984-03-29
DE3362933D1 (en) 1986-05-15

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