EP0197816A1 - Bound back - Google Patents

Abstract

Binding formed of notebooks (1) sewn in (2) on ribbons, nerves or the like (3), which are secured to the dishes (4), guards (5) being interposed between dishes and notebooks. The guards (5) are made of a material of high resistance to folding and tearing and sewn with the notebooks (1), the plates (4) have a thickness substantially greater than the ribbons, nerves or the like and they are provided with external housings in hollow, notched or notched; produced by molding, compression, stamping, thermoforming, at the locations of said ribbons or the like (3), with dimensions both in width and in depth ensuring the retraction of said ribbons and with a terminal bore of section close to that of said ribbons or the like .

Description

The protection and presentation of books by means of binding have been done for centuries by sewing together the different notebooks on ribbons, nerves or the like which are secured with cardboard dishes covering the sides of the book, by means of a back in skin or canvas, which covers the seams as well as all or part of the dishes: we then stick decorative guards inside the dishes, which are themselves covered with different materials.

This manual and artisanal method is appreciably reproduced by the industrial methods of binding, with more expedited or simplified means which make it possible to reduce times and prices but provide objects of little quality and little longevity.

The body of the book, made up of sewn notebooks, is then prepared separately from a cover formed by the dishes and the back and fitted into the latter with bonding.

On the other hand, the backs of books thus bound are generally strongly inset, in order to give them rigidity, and therefore books can hardly be opened flat, which constitutes a drawback for their reading and reproduction by photography. .

Unlike this arrangement, it was made in antiquity, notably Ethiopian antiquity, bindings in which the seams and nerves remain visible and are not covered. The binding thus obtained allows a flat opening, and an embodiment of high resistance, but it leads to extra thicknesses on the dishes, at the locations of the passage of the nerves or ribbons, which remain without protection. The shelving of books, like their manipulation then leads to a degradation both of the nerves of the bound book and of the dishes of neighboring books; on the other hand this method can only be applied to parchment works, whose own resistance allows the absence of protection on the backs.

The subject of the invention is a binding which escapes the drawbacks of these previous practices and which makes industrialization possible, providing very resistant products, meeting the modern needs for the conservation of works, at a reduced cost, with great flexibility. openness and appearance allowing high quality presentations.

The binding according to the invention is formed of notebooks sewn on ribbons, nerves or the like, which are secured to the dishes, guards being provided between dishes and notebooks and it is characterized in that the guards are made of a flexible material but high resistance to folding, tearing and stretching, in that said guards are on the one hand sewn with the notebooks and on the other hand glued to the dishes, in that the dishes are substantially thick superior to ribbons, nerves or the like, and in that said dishes are provided with recessed external housing in the form of notches or notches, produced by molding, compression, stamping, thermoforming, at the locations of said ribbons, nerves or the like, and with dimensions both in width and in depth ensuring their retraction, these housings being terminated by bores of section similar to that of the ribbons, nerves, or the like, at least by the passage of said ribbons.

• a) Il est prévu un dos de protection comportant des interruptions ou ouvertures pour le passage des rubans nerfs ou analogues et ce dos est, non pas fixé sur les plats mais sur les gardes sur lesquelles sont ensuite fixés les plats, les bords du dos se trouvant ainsi insérés entre gardes et plats.
• b) Les plats sont réalisés avec une série de logements externes en forme de crans ou créneaux équidistants sur au moins un de leurs côtés.
• c) Les plats ou les gardes comportent des faces pré-encollées, protégées par une pellicule permettant la réalisation immédiate du collage de plats sur les gardes par enlèvement de cette pellicule ;
• d) Les plats sont réalisés en matière plastique,en cacouthcouc naturel ou synthétique, en bois, métal, ou autre matière susceptible de formage ou déformation par moulage, emboutissage ou thermoformage ;
• e) Les plats ont une épaisseur de 2,5 à 4 mm environ selon que la couture utilise des rubans ou des nerfs ;
• f) Les gardes sont réalisées en matériau tel que textile non tissé, tissu, peau , feuilles plastifiées ou renforcées, cellulose imprégnée de latex, et d'une manière générale matériau en feuille souple, ayant une résistance à la déchirure et à la pliure supérieure à environ 10 décanewton, une résistance à la rupture traction supérieure à environ 10 pour une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,3 mm à 0,5 mm ;
• g) Les face internes des plats peuvent également comporter des logement analogues pour loger les extrémités des rubans, nerfs, ou autres ayant traversé des perçages situés à l'extrémité des logements prévus sur les plats.

The invention also relates to the following preferential provisions:

• a) A protective back is provided with interruptions or openings for the passage of nerve ribbons or the like and this back is not fixed on the dishes but on the guards on which the dishes are then fixed, the edges of the back are finding thus inserted between guards and dishes.
• b) The dishes are produced with a series of external housings in the form of equidistant notches or slots on at least one of their sides.
• c) The dishes or guards have pre-glued faces, protected by a film allowing the immediate bonding of dishes on the guards by removing this film;
• d) The dishes are made of plastic, natural or synthetic cacouthcouc, wood, metal, or other material capable of forming or deformation by molding, stamping or thermoforming;
• e) The plates have a thickness of 2.5 to 4 mm approximately depending on whether the seam uses ribbons or nerves;
• f) The guards are made of material such as non-woven fabric, fabric, skin, plasticized or reinforced sheets, cellulose impregnated with latex, and generally a flexible sheet material, having a resistance to tearing and to higher folding. at approximately 10 decanewton, a tensile breaking strength greater than approximately 10 for a thickness of the order of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm;
• g) The internal faces of the dishes may also include similar housings to accommodate the ends of the ribbons, nerves, or the like having passed through holes located at the end of the housings provided on the dishes.

• La figure 1 est une vue perspective d'une reliure selon l'invention, en cours d'exécution, avec arrachement de certaines parties ;
• La figure 2 est une coupe partielle d'un plat selon l'axe longitudinal d'un logement ;
• La figure 3 est une vue perspective d'un tel logement ;
• La figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3, montrant une variante de logement ;
• La figure 5 est une coupe partielle longitudinale au logement de la figure 4.

The features of the invention are described below with reference to the attached drawing in which:

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a binding according to the invention, in progress, with parts cut away;
• Figure 2 is a partial section of a dish along the longitudinal axis of a housing;
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of such a housing;
• Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing an alternative housing;
• FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal section through the housing of FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the binding according to the invention consists of notebooks 1 sewn in 2 on ribbons 3, nerves or the like, which are secured to the thick or solid plates 4.

According to the invention, the guards 5 are made of a flexible material but very resistant to folding, tearing and stretching and they provide the mechanical connection between the notebooks 1 and the dishes 4: on the one hand by sewing guards 5 with notebooks 1, on the other hand by bonding guards 5 on the dishes 4; for their part the dishes 4 comprise, from the manufacture by molding, stamping, thermoforming or other process, housings 9 whose dimensions in width and in depth correspond to the width and the thickness of the ribbons, nerves or the like 3; the housings 9 can end with a drilling 12 to the size and shape of the section of the ribbons, but this drilling can also be carried out manually during assembly.

With such a binding, the seams 2 can remain visible and the dishes 4 can remain completely bare. Indeed, the connection between the dishes and the notebooks is not ensured by a back coming to cover both the seams and at least part of the dishes: this connection is ensured by the guards who have an appropriate resistance to this function and which are assembled on the one hand to notebooks by sewing and on the other assembled to plates and ribbons by gluing. In addition, it is not necessary to protect the ribbons or the like 3 on the sides of the dishes since they are retracted into housings provided on the dishes. It thus becomes possible to produce on the one hand by industrializable sewing a body of work comprising both notebooks and resistant guards, then in another also industrializable operation, to fix the dishes by gluing on the guards after placement of the ribbons or nerves in the accommodation. These operations are at the same time simpler, faster and more efficient from the point of view of the solidity of the whole; on the other hand they allow the separate production of decorative or decorated dishes of a high level of quality without having to carry out any decoration or finishing operation after the assembly of the dishes and notebooks, which is made possible by the fact that the dishes are no longer covered (at least partially), made necessary for their assembly with notebooks.

In the context of the invention, the guards 5 must have the appropriate mechanical qualities while remaining flexible so as to integrate into all of the notebooks. These qualities are mainly resistance to folding and tearing, as well as resistance to stretching. Indeed, the main effort that they must resist is that of the repeated opening and closing of the works as well as handling by the dishes. While the longevity of old bindings was due to the embodiment of the back, that of the binding of the invention is largely due to the stitching of the guards.

The qualities required are, at least, those of a nonwoven fabric (produced by needling fibers) of approximately 150 gr / m2, 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick having a tear resistance of approximately 1 decanewton, a breaking strength of the order of 20.5 kg / cm2. Very superior results are obtained with a product such as an alfa cellulose impregnated with latex (sold under the trademark Texon 481), the tear and fold resistance of which can exceed 15 decanewton as well as the resistance to l 'drawing.

But other flexible materials having similar qualities can also be used, in particular skin fabrics, plastic or plastic materials with possible fiber reinforcements (plasticized papers). For aesthetic and / or protective reasons, it can be expected to hide the edges of the notebooks. To this end, in the example shown, a flexible film 6 has been provided glued to the edges of the notebooks between the seams 2 and back portions 7 are also provided, also between the seams 2, these back portions being enclosed and fixed between the dishes 4 and guards 5 by their edges 8, and not covering the dishes. Preferably, these back portions are not fixed on the notebooks 1. Thus, these back portions provide protection and improve the appearance without limiting the flat opening capacity of the work once connected, which is an important advantage of the binding according to the invention.

Instead of back portions 7, it is possible to provide a continuous back comprising openings for the passage of ribbons or the like.

The plates 4 are preferably bonded to the guards 5 by providing on the internal face of the plates 4 (or on the external face of the guards 5) an adhesive surface (protected by a film which is removed at the time of bonding).

The length of the housings 9 is preferably quite short, of the order of a centimeter, or even less, and a similar counter-housing 10 is advantageously provided on the internal face of the dish 4 to receive the ends of the ribbons, nerves or the like 3 .

Another arrangement of the invention consists in providing dishes 4 comprising on at least one edge of the housings 9 and 9a equidistant. This arrangement makes it possible to use the same dishes for books of different formats by cutting them out in the format of the book to be bound, by placing the ribbons in locations corresponding to the presence of housings and by drilling the housings in correspondence with the ribbons .

By the same manufacturing operation as that of the housings, the posterior edge 11 of the dishes or bevel will preferably be formed, as shown. The decoration of the dishes in the form of a relief and hollow design with or without inlays, appliques or coloring may also be carried out during the same operation.

In Figure 1, the upper strip 3 is shown as already embedded in its housing, while the lower strip of the figure is not yet in place. As can be seen, the ribbon 3 once in place is completely retracted and does not form any additional thickness relative to the dish 4. Therefore, it is protected against friction both during shelving and during use or handling the book. The back 7 is not not attached to notebooks 1, the book can be opened completely flat without deterioration.

For the binding of the invention, the plates 4 must be very thick so that the reduction in thickness at the locations of the housings 9 does not constitute excessive weakening. In practice, this thickness will be of the order of 2.5 to 3 mm in the case of the use of ribbons, and from 3.5 to 4 mm approximately in the case of the use of nerves.

With regard to the guards 5, the invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, because new materials are constantly put on the market. The important thing, in the sense of the invention is that the guards are made of materials having qualities of flexibility and resistance to folding and tearing at least equal to those of the materials used formerly for the realization of the backs which came to cover the seams and the plates, the mechanical function formerly carried out by these backs being transferred to the guards.

Claims (9)

1. Binding formed of notebooks (1) sewn at (2) on ribbons, nerves or the like (3), which are secured to the dishes (4), guards (5) being provided between dishes and notebooks, characterized in that that the guards (5) are made of a flexible material but of high resistance to bending, tearing and stretching, in that said guards (5) are firstly sewn with the notebooks (1), and d on the other hand glued to the dishes, in that the dishes (4) have a thickness substantially greater than the ribbons, nerves or the like and in that the dishes (4) are provided with external recesses (9) in the hollow, in the form of notches or slots, produced by molding, compression, stamping, thermoforming, at the locations of said ribbons or the like (3), with dimensions both in width and in depth ensuring the retraction of said ribbons, a terminal bore (12) close to that of said ribbons or the like, allowing the passage of the latter. 2) Binding according to claim 1, characterized in that there is provided a back (7) of protection comprising interruptions or openings for the passage of new ribbons or the like (3), this back being fixed by its edges (8) on the guards (5) and thus being inserted between guards (5) and dishes (4). 3. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dishes (4) are produced with a series of external housings (9, 9a) equidistant on at least one of their sides. 4. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guards (5) are made of a material such as non-woven textile, fabric, skin, plasticized or reinforced sheets, cellulose impregnated with latex, and a In General flexible sheet material, having a tear and fold resistance greater than about 10 decanewton, a tensile strength greater than about 10 for a thickness of the order of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. 5. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assembly of the plates (4) on the guards (5) is carried out by means of pre-glued faces, either inside the plates, or at outside the guards. 6. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dishes are solid and made of plastic, natural or synthetic rubber, wood, metal or other material capable of forming or deformation by molding, stamping, thermoforming. 7. Binding according to claim 6, characterized in that the dishes have a thickness of 2.5 to 4 mm approximately depending on whether the seam uses ribbons or nerves. 8. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal faces of the dishes include housings (10) following the holes (12). 9. Binding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the external housings (9) is not more than approximately 1 cm.

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