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EP0187877B1 - Traitement de graines oléagineuses - Google Patents

Traitement de graines oléagineuses Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187877B1
EP0187877B1 EP19850100266 EP85100266A EP0187877B1 EP 0187877 B1 EP0187877 B1 EP 0187877B1 EP 19850100266 EP19850100266 EP 19850100266 EP 85100266 A EP85100266 A EP 85100266A EP 0187877 B1 EP0187877 B1 EP 0187877B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
solid
seeds
process according
extraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850100266
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0187877A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Dr. Elstner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG
Original Assignee
Fried Krupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Priority to DE8585100266T priority Critical patent/DE3563539D1/de
Priority to EP19850100266 priority patent/EP0187877B1/fr
Publication of EP0187877A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187877A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187877B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187877B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing oilseeds by conditioning the oilseeds, separating and processing the oil and desolventing the solid.
  • oil seeds with a high oil content such as rapeseed, linseed, safflower, sunflower seeds or soybeans
  • the oil seeds are first subjected to a pre-pressing and then to a solvent extraction.
  • the seeds are preconditioned, flocculated and then heated in conditioners over a period of less than 5 minutes with the addition of steam to but 80 ° C (DE-AS-2 313 224). Without prior heating, most of the oil seeds also have the rest Conceivably favorable conditions, a satisfactory and economically viable oil production is not possible even when using extremely high pressures.
  • the remaining oil is washed out of the press cake with a suitable solvent, usually hexane. It is then freed of hexane in evaporators and refined to edible oil by degumming, deacidification and other known treatment steps.
  • a suitable solvent usually hexane. It is then freed of hexane in evaporators and refined to edible oil by degumming, deacidification and other known treatment steps.
  • the solid is usually freed from solvent in toasters by heating and introducing steam. This treatment does not result in a very high-quality meal, and this is due to the low solubility of the proteins and the seed components associated with the proteins by reactions such as B. phenolic acids can only be used to a limited extent for human consumption.
  • Oilseeds with a lower oil content, e.g. B. soybeans are usually not pressed, but extracted directly. To do this, they are also preconditioned and flocculated. However, enzymes are not inactivated. In soybeans, this only occurs through toasting after extraction and desolventization.
  • the procedure described first consisting of conditioning, pressing, extracting and processing, is essentially aimed at the smooth processing of the seeds, but not at the quality of the individual products.
  • the heat treatment of the digested seeds leads to oxidative changes in the oil despite the increasing inactivation of the enzymes, in particular the lipoxygenase.
  • the myrosinase enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of glucosinolates. These degradation products are then partly found as sulfur-containing components in the extraction oil, where they are undesirable because of their property of blocking catalysts, especially when hydrogenating the oil.
  • the plant cells are only opened up in the screw press.
  • This can prevent the atmospheric oxygen from oxidizing the sensitive oils.
  • the press oil is known for. B. from a particularly low peroxide number.
  • the extraction oil also has an improved quality compared to those oils which are obtained by the known processes.
  • the time span in which reactions between oil and other reaction partners can take place is significantly reduced compared to conventional processing methods with separate conditioning, and on the other hand, enzymatically catalyzed reactions are excluded.
  • This also has another significant advantage.
  • the structure of the phosphatides is retained to a greater extent, so that predominantly hydratable phosphatides are obtained with the extraction oil.
  • This new procedure for de-oiling means that the various seed components can react with each other or with substances coming from outside, such as e.g. B. oxygen or water to a minimum.
  • this also gives an oil-free solid which, when carefully desolvented, for example by means of superheated hexane gas, contains a high proportion of soluble proteins and has undergone only minimal negative changes.
  • Such a solid can advantageously be used as feed or used to obtain the vegetable proteins for human consumption.
  • the solid When rapeseed is processed, the solid can be subjected to an aqueous alcoholic extraction of the glucosinolates and the phenolic compound and then protein isolates can be obtained by extraction and precipitation.
  • toasting can take place after the solid has desolventized.
  • the solid After extraction, the solid is desolvented, where it is preferably freed from the solvent in a fluidized bed which is generated by means of superheated hexane gas.
  • the denaturation of the seed proteins remains minimal and the solvent-free meal can be used for further processing, for example for protein extraction.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Procédé de traitement de graines oléagineuses par conditionnement et pressage des graines oléagineuses, extraction du solide, préparation de l'huile et désolvatation du solide, caractérisé en ce que tout d'abord les graines oléagineuses purifiées sont chauffées à sec sans broyage préalable pour l'inactivation des enzymes contenus, puis sont pressées dans une presse à vis sans fin à fonctionnement continu pour extraire de l'huile et sont ensuite soumises à une extraction par solvant.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage s'effectue à une température de 80 à 120° pendant une durée de 5 à 45 minutes.
3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les graines oléagineuses sont, après chauffage, écossées.
4. Procédé selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'huile obtenue lors du pressage et de l'extraction au solvant est traitée à part dans chaque cas.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la désolvatation du solide s'effectue au moyen de gaz hexane surchauffé.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5 pour le traitement de graines de colza, caractérisé en ce que le solide est soumis à une extraction alcoolique aqueuse des glucosinolates et des composés phénoliques et qu'ensuite des protéines isolates sont obtenues par extraction et précipitation.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 pour le traitement de graines de soja, caractérisé en ce que la désolvatation du solide est suivie d'un grillage.
EP19850100266 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses Expired EP0187877B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8585100266T DE3563539D1 (en) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Working-up of oil seeds
EP19850100266 EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19850100266 EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187877A1 EP0187877A1 (fr) 1986-07-23
EP0187877B1 true EP0187877B1 (fr) 1988-06-29

Family

ID=8193225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850100266 Expired EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0187877B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3563539D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022129942A1 (de) 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 Sabine Popp Verfahren zur Enzyminaktivierung von Saaten

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69406776T2 (de) * 1993-03-17 1998-03-12 Unilever Nv Entfernung von phospholipiden aus glyceridoelen
US6376689B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2002-04-23 Cargill, Incorporated Removal of gum and chlorophyll-type compounds from vegetable oils
CN110776995A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-02-11 新晃县华森科技有限责任公司 一种山吊瓜油生产加工方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA891437A (en) * 1968-11-29 1972-01-25 W. Tape Norman Oilseed flour and meal preparation
DE1917341C3 (de) * 1969-04-03 1973-10-18 Wsesojusnyj Nautschno-Issledowatelskij Institut Schirow, Leningrad (Sowjetunion) Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Baum wollsaatol
DE2335385B2 (de) * 1973-07-12 1979-01-11 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur ölgewinnung aus gereinigten Ölfrüchten und ölsaaten
NL7511125A (nl) * 1975-09-19 1977-03-22 Stork Amsterdam Werkwijze en installatie voor het winnen van olien uit oliehoudende grondstoffen.
DE2722246C2 (de) * 1977-05-17 1984-03-15 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Herstellung von Sojaschrot
DE2915538C2 (de) * 1979-04-18 1982-12-02 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ölgewinnung aus gereinigten Ölfrüchten und Ölsaaten

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022129942A1 (de) 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 Sabine Popp Verfahren zur Enzyminaktivierung von Saaten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3563539D1 (en) 1988-08-04
EP0187877A1 (fr) 1986-07-23

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