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EP0187849A1 - Detecteur optique selectif, surtout pour dispositifs de telecommunications et localisateurs optiques - Google Patents

Detecteur optique selectif, surtout pour dispositifs de telecommunications et localisateurs optiques

Info

Publication number
EP0187849A1
EP0187849A1 EP85903868A EP85903868A EP0187849A1 EP 0187849 A1 EP0187849 A1 EP 0187849A1 EP 85903868 A EP85903868 A EP 85903868A EP 85903868 A EP85903868 A EP 85903868A EP 0187849 A1 EP0187849 A1 EP 0187849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
aperture
optical
detector device
sensor element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP85903868A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
György Retfalvy
Peter Sugar
Zoltán Zorkoczy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tavkoezlesi Kutato Intezet
Original Assignee
Tavkoezlesi Kutato Intezet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tavkoezlesi Kutato Intezet filed Critical Tavkoezlesi Kutato Intezet
Publication of EP0187849A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187849A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G01J1/0425—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings using optical fibers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G01J1/0448—Adjustable, e.g. focussing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G01J1/0451—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings using means for illuminating a slit efficiently, e.g. entrance slit of a photometer or entrance face of fiber
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/0266—Field-of-view determination; Aiming or pointing of a photometer; Adjusting alignment; Encoding angular position; Size of the measurement area; Position tracking; Photodetection involving different fields of view for a single detector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0488—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts with spectral filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/06—Restricting the angle of incident light
    • G01J2001/063—Restricting the angle of incident light with selectable field of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/06—Restricting the angle of incident light
    • G01J2001/063—Restricting the angle of incident light with selectable field of view
    • G01J2001/066—Restricting the angle of incident light with selectable field of view with an aiming optical device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
    • G01J2003/126—Focal isolation type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a selective optical detector device which is suitable for the reception of optical signals if the spatially spreading light bundle can be deformed in parallel or in parallel and is essentially monochromatic.
  • the detector has only the light incident in a narrow wavelength range On the other hand, it is said to be insensitive to the light outside this range, and significant research is being carried out worldwide to spread the operating frequency of locators, communication systems and other special measuring devices into the optical range
  • the sensitivity of the receiver is significantly reduced by the background light and stray light striking the sensor surface.
  • the background light and stray light falling under the angle of action of the receiver means that the possibilities regarding the sensitivity of the electronic components located in the receiver are not can be fully exploited. For this reason, the performance capabilities for daytime and nighttime operation are often specified separately in the above-mentioned devices.
  • the function of the receiver of such optoelectronic devices usually consists in the reception of optical signals with a narrow spectrum.
  • the sensor element is usually any photon multiplier or some light-sensitive semiconductor means which are suitable for the reception of a relatively broad spectrum and do not have their own selectivity. In the previously known optoelectronic devices, the influence of the background light and stray light was reduced by narrowing the effective angle / field of view angle / of the receiver and by using selective or colored filters.
  • the effective angle of the receiver can be narrowed only to a limited extent on the one hand due to the technical-technological limits / stability of aiming or sighting and fixing / and on the other hand due to the inhomogeneity of the transmission medium, the migration of the light beam.
  • the selection of the spectrum to be recorded, the reduction of the background light and the stray light are carried out by using filters.
  • a relatively good selection can be achieved using an interference filter with a small bandwidth, the spectrum width of which has a value of 5-20 nm.
  • Such interference filters are used in receivers of several known optoelectronic devices. Their common disadvantage is the additional damping caused by their application.
  • Example shielding cassettes installed in front of the optics and the working angle of the receiver is limited.
  • an infrared filter is used to filter out the visible light, but this does not result in any particular use .
  • the receiver is equipped with a narrowband filter / interference filter /.
  • the interference filters are manufactured with a complex technology, whereby extremely strict requirements for accuracy have to be met, as a result of which they have a high cost and their production in mass production is very complicated,
  • the receiver-side installation of the interference filter in the optical system is complicated, since they exert their filtering action mainly in the axial direction, on the bundle parallel to the optical axis of the system and the bundles incident at a different angle to the axis result in resonance at other wavelengths.
  • Error correction is only possible by installing additional optical elements, while increasing the number of optical elements.
  • the associated increase in the number of optical interfaces leads to further losses, to an increase in attenuation, the interference filters are produced for a fixed wavelength, cannot be tuned, so the receiver cannot be adjusted to the wavelength of the light to be detected .
  • the pass wave range is thus formed as a result of the technology and can later be installed in the optical after the filter System can no longer be changed, while the wavelength emitted by the light sources used as transmission means scatters and shifts when objects - eg cosmic - moving at high speed.
  • the solution used in the receiver according to CH-PS 625923 also contains no protection against the disturbing influence of the background light.
  • the object of the invention is the development of 'selective optical detector means, which means in particular in optical sympathomimetics ⁇ and locators used - the incoming in a particular transmission wavelength range of light on the attenuation of the optical Sammel ⁇ systems also not or at most in a low mass attenuates, enables the selection and detection of a useful signal with a lower intensity by several orders of magnitude compared to the size of the background light and stray light, and, if necessary, allows the detector device to be tuned to a desired wavelength, - the setting of the selection bandwidth enables the setting the reception directional characteristic enables.
  • a selective optical detector device which is particularly suitable for the detection of light beams with a small spectrum bandwidth or monochromatic light for optical communication devices or locators, and for the detection of point collectable light in a predetermined wavelength range and field of view angle can, the detector device being provided with a collecting system, which consists of a material which is translucent in the predetermined wavelength range, and a sensor element and, according to the invention, the focal area belonging to the predetermined wavelength range on one of the focal areas, which the outside of the predetermined wavelength range is associated with lying wavelengths, is deviating point, and the sensor element over a in the predetermined wavelength area " associated focal area is optically coupled to the collection system, the size of the aperture substantially corresponding to the size of the focal area, which is associated with the incident light from the predetermined field of view angle and lying in the predetermined wavelength range.
  • the sensor element is provided with a given light-sensitive surface and is arranged together with the optical collection system in an optically closed housing with little reflection, the light-sensitive surface in the housing behind a barrier surface in the light path of the light transmitted through the aperture of the barrier surface is arranged and the focal length changes depending on the wavelength at the limits of the range of the light wavelengths to be detected.
  • a blocking area provided with an aperture is arranged between the optical collection system and the light-sensitive area of the sensor element, the size of the aperture essentially corresponding to or greater than the size of the focal point area belonging to the light wavelength to be detected and the aperture formed in the blocking area the focal plane assigned to the characteristic wavelength of the light to be detected is arranged.
  • the size of the aperture is variable. It is expedient if the shape of the aperture is designed to be variable.
  • Measures have the effect that the effective angle of the device can be adjusted.
  • the sensor element In order to enable easy further processing of the detected optical signals, it is advantageous to use the sensor element as an optoelectric Train converters.
  • Light can optionally by means of other optical means, light guides, e.g. Fiber optics, deflected, be formed. It is advantageous if the aperture is designed to be movable together with the sensor element, or with a correspondingly large sensor area without the sensor element, in accordance with the path of the imaging point recorded as a function of the wavelength, so that the system is designed to be adjustable. If light is incident from several directions, an aperture can be assigned to each direction.
  • the aperture is an area through which the light can reach the sensor element.
  • the aperture can be the entrance surface of an optical one
  • the aperture represents the active area of the sensor element, while the non-active area of the sensor element takes on the role of the blocking area.
  • Different bandwidth characteristics can be formed in directions of incident light.
  • This configuration is particularly advantageous if the dispersion of the mechanical vibrations Studentstratungsweges or d 'is a receiver forthcoming direction.
  • an additional mirror may have to be used.
  • the bearing and / or a connection in two directions can be realized on the same optical collection system A.
  • an additional cover element G is arranged between the optical collection system and the barrier surface provided with the aperture, since this can prevent the partial bundle incident in the axial direction, which is essentially not subject to refraction, without filtering by the filter element Apperture can get through.
  • Such a cover element can also be arranged in front of the optical collection system.
  • FIG. 1 shows an advantageous embodiment of the selective optical detector device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an attenuation-wavelength characteristic of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1.
  • the following reference symbols are also used: f ,, f, f focal length, aa main plane of the optical collection system A.
  • the optical collection system A has focal points f, f, f ′′ that differ from one another for different wavelengths as a result of Spherical shape error of the optical collection system A and other distortions the dimension of the focal area obtained on the wavelength to be detected is smaller than the aperture of the blocking area B, on the other hand the filter effect is only achieved by additional damping.
  • the aperture F located on the blocking surface B is arranged in an imaging point corresponding to the wavelength of the light to be detected.
  • a sensor element C is arranged behind the blocking surface B in the light path of the light to be detected.
  • the light transmitted through the aperture F can be deflected, if necessary, by means of further optical means, light guides, for example fiber optics. It is advantageous if the aperture F is designed to be movable together with the sensor element C, or with a correspondingly large sensor area without the sensor element C, in accordance with the path of the imaging point recorded as a function of the wavelength, so that the system is designed to be adjustable.
  • the optical collection system A shown in FIG. 1 is generally implemented in practice by a lens system.
  • the optical collection system A is preferably an optical system which is dimensioned for a large color deviation and has a small distortion, with a blocking surface B provided with an aperture F being arranged in the focal plane associated with the wavelength to be detected, while a sensor element C is arranged behind the blocking surface B.
  • Sensor element C represents any known optoelectric converter, for example a PIN diode Aperture F in the focal plane of the light to be detected disposed at a predetermined wavelength blocking surface B, the light beam is transmitted to the selected wavelength without absorption and f ⁇ like everything on the photosensitive surface of the sensor element C.
  • This process 1 in Fig. Through the beam path of the receive wavelength D illustrates.
  • a different focal point f is assigned to different wavelengths, the focal point f, f ', f "is shifted as a function of the wavelength on the optical axis bb, as a result of which the light with a different wavelength in the plane of the blocking surface B at that in the 1 causes a larger light spot in barrier surface B.
  • This process is shown in Fig. 1 by the beam path of the wavelength E not to be received.
  • the attenuation characteristic of the sensor element C according to the invention is dependent on the wavelength from the ratio of the size of the aperture F. can be calculated to the size of the light spot generated in the plane of the aperture F.
  • this sensor element C is sensitive to the light with the wavelength belonging to the focal point f.
  • the attenuation characteristic of such a tested optical collection system A is shown in FIG.
  • the optical collecting system A used is a three-lens arrangement that has been carefully corrected for a spherical shape error.
  • the result of the corresponding correction is the size of the focal point surface 20 .mu.m resulting from the spherical shape error.
  • the lenses are made of heavy SF 6 flint glass, which has significant color variation.
  • the used optical collection system A has a focal length of 80 mm and a light intensity of 1. In the vicinity of the wavelength of 820 nm, the steepness of the function focal length wavelength is 9.4 ⁇ m / nm.
  • the diameter of the aperture F formed in the restricted area B is 300 ⁇ m for curve I and 50 ⁇ m for curve II.
  • the selective optical detector device according to the invention was in a receiver of an optical developed for digital transmission
  • the receiver device is designed for the reception of optical signals with a wavelength of approximately 820 nm.
  • a semiconductor laser was used as an approximately monochromatic light source in the transmitter.
  • Sensor element C achieved the elimination of reflection and scatter, as well as the color deviation and the wavelength-dependent transmission caused by the small-sized aperture F, in an optoelectronic message transmission device provided with sensor element C according to the invention, the range of action by days
  • the device according to the invention can advantageously be combined with different color filters. It is particularly advantageous to use filters whose material is colored, in particular for thermal protection of the optical blocking surface.
  • the selective optical detector device has a number of advantages, which are listed below:
  • the device according to the invention can be set to the wavelength to be detected
  • the bandwidth to be detected is adjustable
  • the directional characteristic of the optoelectronic device can be changed, the range of action and sensitivity of the optoelectronic outdoor devices can be increased significantly by using the solution according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

Un détecteur optique sélectif pour détecter une lumière approximativement ponctuelle susceptible d'être collectée dans une plage de longueurs d'ondes et angle visuel prédéterminés est pourvu d'un élément collecteur optique fait en un matériau transparent à la lumière ayant des longueurs d'ondes dans une plage prédéterminée et d'un élément détecteur sensible à la lumière. L'invention se caractérise par le fait que le système collecteur optique possède une surface de point focal caractéristique de la plage prédéterminée de longueurs d'ondes et qui se situe à une certaine distance des surfaces de point focal caractéristiques des longueurs d'ondes en dehors de cette plage. L'élément détecteur est optiquement connecté au système collecteur optique par une ouverture formée dans la surface de point focal appartenant à la plage prédéterminée de longueurs d'ondes. La grandeur de l'ouverture correspond essentiellement à la grandeur de la surface du point focal de la lumière venant de l'angle visuel prédéterminé et appartenant à la plage prédéterminée de longueurs d'ondes.
EP85903868A 1984-07-23 1985-07-23 Detecteur optique selectif, surtout pour dispositifs de telecommunications et localisateurs optiques Ceased EP0187849A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU284284 1984-07-23
HU842842A HU193436B (en) 1984-07-23 1984-07-23 Selective optical sensing apparatus, mainly for optical telecommunication equipments and optical locators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187849A1 true EP0187849A1 (fr) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=10961336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85903868A Ceased EP0187849A1 (fr) 1984-07-23 1985-07-23 Detecteur optique selectif, surtout pour dispositifs de telecommunications et localisateurs optiques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0187849A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61502985A (fr)
HU (1) HU193436B (fr)
WO (1) WO1986001005A1 (fr)
YU (1) YU120085A (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19604363A1 (de) * 1995-02-23 1996-08-29 Zeiss Carl Fa Zusatzmodul zur ortsaufgelösten Fokusvermessung
DE10331906B4 (de) * 2003-07-15 2005-06-16 Leica Microsystems Heidelberg Gmbh Lichtquelle mit einem Mikrostruktuierten optischen Element und Mikroskop mit Lichtquelle

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1045818A (fr) * 1951-06-21 1953-12-01 Applic De La Lumiere Electroni Dispositif sélectif lecteur de lumière
DE1797108A1 (de) * 1968-08-16 1970-12-03 Eltro Gmbh IR-optisches Abbildungssystem
DE2109561C3 (de) * 1971-03-01 1981-02-12 Bodenseewerk Geraetetechnik Gmbh, 7770 Ueberlingen Infrarot-Strahlungsdetektor für Zielsuchköpfe
US3905675A (en) * 1973-02-15 1975-09-16 Honeywell Inc Optical systems having stop means for preventing passage of boundary wave radiation
CH625923A5 (en) * 1978-12-19 1981-10-15 Welte Yvon Installation for transmitting digital data by infrared light waves
CH638067A5 (de) * 1978-12-20 1983-08-31 Ibm Anordnung zur trennung eines optischen signals von umgebungslicht.
US4421985A (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-12-20 Vought Corporation Dark field infrared telescope

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8601005A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986001005A1 (fr) 1986-02-13
JPS61502985A (ja) 1986-12-18
YU120085A (en) 1987-12-31
HUT37832A (en) 1986-02-28
HU193436B (en) 1987-10-28

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