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EP0162841A1 - Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass

Info

Publication number
EP0162841A1
EP0162841A1 EP19840900203 EP84900203A EP0162841A1 EP 0162841 A1 EP0162841 A1 EP 0162841A1 EP 19840900203 EP19840900203 EP 19840900203 EP 84900203 A EP84900203 A EP 84900203A EP 0162841 A1 EP0162841 A1 EP 0162841A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bag
glass
assembly
oven
silicon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19840900203
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Horus P. Palma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shatterproof Glass Corp
Original Assignee
Shatterproof Glass Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shatterproof Glass Corp filed Critical Shatterproof Glass Corp
Publication of EP0162841A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162841A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
    • B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
    • B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
    • B32B17/10853—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid the membrane being bag-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing laminated safety glass and, in 5 particular, laminated automobile windshields, and the like.
  • Automobile windshields ordinarily consist of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of a thermoplastic material, Such as polyvinyl butyral, bonded to one another
  • the bonding is usually accomplished in a two-step operation by first 'subjecting the assembled laminations to a preliminary pressing to remove the air from between the laminations and effect superficial bonding thereof, and then to a final
  • Different methods have been employed for initially removing the air from between the laminations.
  • One of these consists in passing the glass-plastic assembly 0 between squeeze rollers to force the entrapped air from between the laminations.
  • Another is to provide a flexible channel shaped member in engagement with the marginal edge portions only of the assembly, in spaced relation to at least part of the periphery of the assembly, to provide a 5 conduit through which the air can be withdrawn.
  • Still another is to place the assembly in a flexible bag, seal s the bag and apply a vacuum thereto to withdraw the air from within the bag as well as from between the laminations.
  • These bags are usually formed of films or sheets of a 0 plastic material, such as polyvinyl alcohol.
  • This invention is concerned with the so-called bagging method and has for its primary object the provision of a new and improved vacuum bag formed of a special material which will facilitate the evacuation of air from the bag interior and cause it to exert a uniform pressure on the entire surface of the glass sheets when vacuum is applied thereto, thereby permitting the escape of all of the air within the bag, as well as from between the laminations.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a laminating bag of the type disclosed in which it is possible not only to effect a preliminary pressing of the laminations but to completely laminate the glass-plastic assembly while retained within the bag.
  • the improved vacuum bag herein provided is formed of fiber glass cloth impregnated with a silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface thereof.
  • Fiber glass cloth impregnated with silicon-rubber sealant is elastic and resilient and retains this characteristic under environmental demands that cause other elastomer compounds to fail.
  • Such a bag is tougher and harder to tear in the vacuum lamination of glass windshields than bags heretofore used.
  • ozone aging has little or no affect on silicon-rubber fiber glass cloth.
  • This silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag can easily withstand higher temperatures, moisture and oxidation, qualities that are significant in the autoclave vacuum lamination of glass. Further, this composite bag contains no acid producing chemicals and is not corrosive.
  • Fig. 1 is an end view of a glass-plastic assembly.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a vacuum bag provided by the invention in which the glass-plastic assembly, indicated in broken lines, is processed,
  • Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on line 3—3 of Fig. 2
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing the bag construction and the glass-plastic assembly located therein taken substantially on line 4—4 of Fig. 2.
  • a glass-plastic assembly representing an automobile windshield and composed of the top and bottom sheets of glass 10 and 11 and an interposed layer 12 of a thermoplastic material, such as polyvinyl butyral.
  • the three laminae 10, 11 and 12 are laid freely one upon the other in properly assembled relationship to form a sandwich and the assembly then introduced into the vacuum bag 13 shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the bag is substantially rectangular and formed of the two side panels 14 and 15 sealed together along one side edge 16 and the two end edges 17 and 18.
  • the other side edge 19 is left open and forms the entrance through which the laminated assembly is introduced into the bag.
  • the side panels 14 and 15 of the bag are composed of sheets of fiber glass cloth 20 to the outer surfaces of which are applied a layer of silicon-rubber 21, preferably by spraying, which renders the side panel impervious to air and moisture.
  • the silicon-rubber is air dried, being preferably of the RTV type (trademark of General Electric Co. for silicone rubber compounds of the room temperature vulcanizing type).
  • a coating 22 of the silicon-rubber is also applied to the inner surfaces thereof around the relatively narrow marginal portions.
  • the side edge 16 and end edges 17 and 18 of the panels are then brought together and pressed into sealing relation with one another, leaving the edge 19 open to receive the laminated assembly.
  • the bag edges may be pressed together by hand, by mechanical means or in any other desired manner.
  • the laminated assembly is then placed within the bag
  • the hose 23 is provided with a series of spaced openings 24 and is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through an outlet hose 25.
  • the bag panels 14 and 15 at the open side 19 are then brought together and closed and a vacuum established in the bag. This vacuum will initially draw the edges of the panels into tight sealing engagement with one another and will then completely withdraw the air from within the bag, as well as from between the laminations through the hose 23.
  • the bag While maintaining the vacuum thereon, the bag is placed in a sealed heating oven and subjected to a temperature sufficient to bring about a softening of the plastic interlayer 12 and superficial adhesion of the plastic interlayer to the glass sheets.
  • the assembly may be heated ia the oven at a temperature of about 150° to 225°F. for a period of about 20 minutes.
  • the bag, with the vacuum still on, is then trans ⁇ ferred from the oven to an autoclave wherein it ia sub ⁇ jected to an air pressure gage (PSIG) in the neighborhood of 100 to 250 pounds per square inch for a period of about 10 minutes to effect final and complete bonding of the laminations throughout the entire area of the assembly.
  • PSIG air pressure gage
  • the silicon-rubber coating that is applied to the outside surface of the bag will seal the interstices between the glass fibers but will not completely penetrate them thereby leaving the inside surface of the bag bare and the individual fibers exposed as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the exposed fibers form an uneven surface due to the weave and which., when brought into face-to-face contact with the glass sheets, result in innumerable small channels through which the air can escape. This greatly facilitates the total withdrawal of the air and causes the bag to exert uniformily distributed pressing force on the entire surfaces of the glass sheets so that breakage of the glass
  • the invention is not restricted to use of glass fiber cloth of any specific weave, it has been found that the glass fiber cloth supplied by J.P. Stevens & Co. of New York under No. 7628/38 performs very well in practice.
  • This glass cloth weights 6.00 oz. per square yard, has a thickness of .0065 inch, and a thread count of per square inch of 44 warp and 32 fill.
  • the thickness of the silicon-rubber coating is in the neighborhood of .010 inch, with the overall thickness of the coated bag being about .017 inch.

Landscapes

  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Poche sous vide (13) destinée à être utilisée dans la fabrication de verre de sécurité laminé (10, 11), dans laquelle les laminages verre-plastique sont soudés entre eux, composée d'un tissu de fibres de verre (20) sur la surface externe duquel est appliquée une couche de caoutchouc de silicone (21) qui scelle les interstices entre les fibres de verre mais laisse nue la surface interne de la poche et les fibres de verre individuelles exposées pour un contact direct avec les feuilles de verre pendant le laminage. Est également décrit un procédé de production de verre laminé consistant à introduire les laminages en verre de sécurité-plastique dans la poche en fibres de verre qui est scellée ensuite et placée dans un four, à retirer l'air de la poche ainsi que d'entre les laminages de l'assemblage, à amener la poche en contact avec les feuilles de verre en les comprimant, à soumettre la poche à la chaleur uniquement à l'intérieur du four pour ramollir la couche intermédiaire en plastique et provoquer l'adhésion superficielle entre la couche intermédiaire en plastique et les feuilles de verre, à extraire la poche du four et à l'introduire dans un autoclave, en la soumettant à une pression élevée sans chaleur supplémentaire, pour effectuer le soudage complet des laminages.Vacuum bag (13) for use in the manufacture of laminated safety glass (10, 11), in which the glass-plastic laminates are welded together, composed of a fabric of glass fibers (20) on the external surface of which is applied a layer of silicone rubber (21) which seals the interstices between the glass fibers but leaves bare the internal surface of the pocket and the individual glass fibers exposed for direct contact with the glass sheets during rolling. Also described is a process for the production of laminated glass consisting of introducing the laminations of safety glass-plastic into the glass fiber bag which is then sealed and placed in an oven, removing air from the bag as well as between the laminates of the assembly, bringing the bag into contact with the glass sheets by compressing them, subjecting the bag to heat only inside the oven to soften the intermediate plastic layer and cause surface adhesion between the plastic intermediate layer and the glass sheets, extract the pouch from the oven and introduce it into an autoclave, subjecting it to a high pressure without additional heat, to carry out the complete welding of the laminates.

Description

Description
1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LAMINATED GLASS
Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing laminated safety glass and, in 5 particular, laminated automobile windshields, and the like.
Background of the Invention
Automobile windshields ordinarily consist of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of a thermoplastic material, Such as polyvinyl butyral, bonded to one another
10 by heat and pressure to form a composite unit. The bonding is usually accomplished in a two-step operation by first 'subjecting the assembled laminations to a preliminary pressing to remove the air from between the laminations and effect superficial bonding thereof, and then to a final
•j_5 heating and pressing in an. autoclave filled with oil or air to completely bond the laminations together.
Different methods have been employed for initially removing the air from between the laminations. One of these consists in passing the glass-plastic assembly 0 between squeeze rollers to force the entrapped air from between the laminations. Another is to provide a flexible channel shaped member in engagement with the marginal edge portions only of the assembly, in spaced relation to at least part of the periphery of the assembly, to provide a 5 conduit through which the air can be withdrawn. Still another is to place the assembly in a flexible bag, seal s the bag and apply a vacuum thereto to withdraw the air from within the bag as well as from between the laminations.
These bags are usually formed of films or sheets of a 0 plastic material, such as polyvinyl alcohol.
Outline of the Invention
This invention is concerned with the so-called bagging method and has for its primary object the provision of a new and improved vacuum bag formed of a special material which will facilitate the evacuation of air from the bag interior and cause it to exert a uniform pressure on the entire surface of the glass sheets when vacuum is applied thereto, thereby permitting the escape of all of the air within the bag, as well as from between the laminations.
Another object of the invention is to provide a laminating bag of the type disclosed in which it is possible not only to effect a preliminary pressing of the laminations but to completely laminate the glass-plastic assembly while retained within the bag.
The improved vacuum bag herein provided is formed of fiber glass cloth impregnated with a silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface thereof.
Fiber glass cloth impregnated with silicon-rubber sealant is elastic and resilient and retains this characteristic under environmental demands that cause other elastomer compounds to fail. Such a bag is tougher and harder to tear in the vacuum lamination of glass windshields than bags heretofore used. Also, ozone aging has little or no affect on silicon-rubber fiber glass cloth. This silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag can easily withstand higher temperatures, moisture and oxidation, qualities that are significant in the autoclave vacuum lamination of glass. Further, this composite bag contains no acid producing chemicals and is not corrosive.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is an end view of a glass-plastic assembly. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a vacuum bag provided by the invention in which the glass-plastic assembly, indicated in broken lines, is processed,
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on line 3—3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing the bag construction and the glass-plastic assembly located therein taken substantially on line 4—4 of Fig. 2. Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings, there is disclosed in Fig.
1 a glass-plastic assembly representing an automobile windshield and composed of the top and bottom sheets of glass 10 and 11 and an interposed layer 12 of a thermoplastic material, such as polyvinyl butyral.
According to the invention, the three laminae 10, 11 and 12 are laid freely one upon the other in properly assembled relationship to form a sandwich and the assembly then introduced into the vacuum bag 13 shown in Figures 2 and 3. The bag is substantially rectangular and formed of the two side panels 14 and 15 sealed together along one side edge 16 and the two end edges 17 and 18. The other side edge 19 is left open and forms the entrance through which the laminated assembly is introduced into the bag.
As illustrated in Fig. 4, the side panels 14 and 15 of the bag are composed of sheets of fiber glass cloth 20 to the outer surfaces of which are applied a layer of silicon-rubber 21, preferably by spraying, which renders the side panel impervious to air and moisture. The silicon-rubber is air dried, being preferably of the RTV type (trademark of General Electric Co. for silicone rubber compounds of the room temperature vulcanizing type).
To secure the side panels 14 and 15 together there is also applied to the inner surfaces thereof around the relatively narrow marginal portions a coating 22 of the silicon-rubber. The side edge 16 and end edges 17 and 18 of the panels are then brought together and pressed into sealing relation with one another, leaving the edge 19 open to receive the laminated assembly. The bag edges may be pressed together by hand, by mechanical means or in any other desired manner. The laminated assembly is then placed within the bag
13 through the open edge 19 and a vacuum hose 23 arranged around the periphery of the assembly in spaced relation thereto. The hose 23 is provided with a series of spaced openings 24 and is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through an outlet hose 25. The bag panels 14 and 15 at the open side 19 are then brought together and closed and a vacuum established in the bag. This vacuum will initially draw the edges of the panels into tight sealing engagement with one another and will then completely withdraw the air from within the bag, as well as from between the laminations through the hose 23.
While maintaining the vacuum thereon, the bag is placed in a sealed heating oven and subjected to a temperature sufficient to bring about a softening of the plastic interlayer 12 and superficial adhesion of the plastic interlayer to the glass sheets. By way of example, the assembly may be heated ia the oven at a temperature of about 150° to 225°F. for a period of about 20 minutes. The bag, with the vacuum still on, is then trans¬ ferred from the oven to an autoclave wherein it ia sub¬ jected to an air pressure gage (PSIG) in the neighborhood of 100 to 250 pounds per square inch for a period of about 10 minutes to effect final and complete bonding of the laminations throughout the entire area of the assembly. No additional heating is provided in the autoclave, the resi¬ dual heat retained from the heating oven being sufficient. When the pressing cycle is completed, the bag is removed from the autoclave and the completed product removed from the bag. Thus the* entire laminating process can be accom¬ plished while the laminated assembly remains in the bag.
The silicon-rubber coating that is applied to the outside surface of the bag will seal the interstices between the glass fibers but will not completely penetrate them thereby leaving the inside surface of the bag bare and the individual fibers exposed as shown in Fig. 4. The exposed fibers form an uneven surface due to the weave and which., when brought into face-to-face contact with the glass sheets, result in innumerable small channels through which the air can escape. This greatly facilitates the total withdrawal of the air and causes the bag to exert uniformily distributed pressing force on the entire surfaces of the glass sheets so that breakage of the glass
OMPI and the presence of air bubbles in the completed product are minimized.
While the invention is not restricted to use of glass fiber cloth of any specific weave, it has been found that the glass fiber cloth supplied by J.P. Stevens & Co. of New York under No. 7628/38 performs very well in practice. This glass cloth weights 6.00 oz. per square yard, has a thickness of .0065 inch, and a thread count of per square inch of 44 warp and 32 fill. The thickness of the silicon-rubber coating is in the neighborhood of .010 inch, with the overall thickness of the coated bag being about .017 inch.
It will be understood that the specific thicknesses, temperatures and pressures given above are by way of example only and that variations thereof may be resorted to
■without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the claims.

Claims

Claims
1. For use in the manufacture of laminated glass including an assembly composed of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of thermoplastic material, characterized in that a flexible vacuum bag for receiving the assembly for laminating is used, said bag comprising side panels formed of fiber glass cloth., and a coating of silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface only of said panels, wherein the coating of silicon-rubber seals the interstices between the glass fibers but leaves the inner surface of the side panels bare and the individual glass fibers exposed for direct contact with the glass sheets.
2. A silicon-rubber coated flexible fiber glass bag 'as claimed in claim 1, including means for withdrawing air from the bag as well as from between the laminations of said assembly.
3. A silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag as claimed in claim 2, in which the bag is sealed around the edges thereof, and including means located in said bag in surrounding relation to and spaced from said assembly for withdrawing air from said bag as well as from the laminations of said assembly.
4. A silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag as claimed in claim 3, in which said means comprises a tubular member encircling^ said assembly in spaced relation thereto and having openings therein, and means connecting said tubular member to a source of vacuum.
5. A method of manufacturing laminated glass, which comprises providing the silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag of Claim 1 for receiving a laminated assembly composed of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of thermoplastic material, characterized by inserting said assembly within said bag and sealing the bag, placing said bag in an oven, withdrawing the air from said bag as well as from between the laminations of said assembly, to bring the bag into pressing engagement with the glass sheets, subjecting said bag to heat only within said oven to soften said plastic interlayer to cause superficial adhesion between the plastic interlayer and the glass sheets, removing the bag from said oven and introducing it into an autoclave, and subjecting said bag to an elevated pressure, in the absence of additional heat, to effect the complete bonding of the laminations.
"6. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vacuum on the bag is maintained during the transfer of the bag from the oven to the autoclave and also during the pressing of the assembly in the autoclave.
OMPI
EP19840900203 1983-11-29 1983-11-29 Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass Withdrawn EP0162841A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1983/001857 WO1985002371A1 (en) 1983-11-29 1983-11-29 Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162841A1 true EP0162841A1 (en) 1985-12-04

Family

ID=22175600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840900203 Withdrawn EP0162841A1 (en) 1983-11-29 1983-11-29 Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0162841A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985002371A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5622979A (en) * 1990-12-24 1997-04-22 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Thiangazole, its preparation, compositions and use thereof

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987006526A1 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-05 Shatterproof Glass Corporation Apparatus for producing laminated safety glass
GB2256168B (en) * 1991-05-31 1995-10-18 Dowty Aerospace Gloucester Apparatus for heat bonding materials
EP0562142B1 (en) * 1992-03-26 1998-02-04 Peter Arrow Limited Vacuum bag for making safety glass
US5993582A (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-11-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Continuous vacuum lamination treatment system and vacuum lamination apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE364886A (en) * 1928-10-30
US2714567A (en) * 1952-10-17 1955-08-02 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Preliminary pressing of bent laminated glass
US3074466A (en) * 1962-07-23 1963-01-22 Harvey J Little Evacuation ring for laminating process
FR1567728A (en) * 1967-06-26 1969-05-16
US3933552A (en) * 1974-07-10 1976-01-20 Ppg Industries, Inc. Preparing transparent assemblies for lamination
SU662159A1 (en) * 1975-10-20 1979-05-15 Предприятие П/Я Р-6476 Coating method
US4398979A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-08-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Vacuum channel method of laminating glass sheets

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Title
See references of WO8502371A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5622979A (en) * 1990-12-24 1997-04-22 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Thiangazole, its preparation, compositions and use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985002371A1 (en) 1985-06-06

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Inventor name: PALMA, HORUS, P.