EP0162194A1 - Inoculating alloy for the production of nodular cast iron - Google Patents
Inoculating alloy for the production of nodular cast iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0162194A1 EP0162194A1 EP85101529A EP85101529A EP0162194A1 EP 0162194 A1 EP0162194 A1 EP 0162194A1 EP 85101529 A EP85101529 A EP 85101529A EP 85101529 A EP85101529 A EP 85101529A EP 0162194 A1 EP0162194 A1 EP 0162194A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- inoculation
- cast iron
- base alloy
- inoculating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a seed alloy for the production of spherulitic cast iron, - from an Fe-Si base alloy with additions of at least one metal from the rare earth group, from at least one element from the alkaline earth group, from Bi and A1.
- Spherolithic cast irons are usually made from a near eutectic alloy.
- the aim is to form the largest possible number of spherulites per unit area, because the properties of cast iron, in particular its ductility, are improved with an increasing number of spherulites.
- the inoculant is e.g. melt in a ladle before pouring into e.g. granular shape.
- a known inoculation alloy of the type described at the beginning (DE-OS 32 29 153) is added in amounts of up to 1.3 percent by weight to the melt.
- the more seed alloy is added the greater the number of spherulites formed in the cast iron.
- white radiation which is based on the formation of Fe 3 G
- a special form vaccination is therefore also used, ie. one places inoculation stones from the inoculation alloy in certain places of the form.
- the object of the invention is to provide a vaccine alloy of the type described at the outset, which results in a self-feeding Behavior of the solidifying melt and makes the use of a special mold vaccination unnecessary.
- the inoculation alloy contains C beyond the solution equilibrium of the Fe-Si base alloy and is accordingly free of metal oxides.
- the nucleation in the melt and thus the number of spherulites formed can be controlled much better when using an inoculation alloy according to the invention.
- This also provides the prerequisites for achieving a self-feeding behavior of the cooling melt by adding a certain amount of the inoculant.
- the specific effect of the carbon of the seed alloy is not known in detail. However, it is believed that the carbon in the inoculant on the one hand and in the melt on the other hand helps to suppress oxygen activity.
- the affinity of the relatively high C content in the production of the inoculation alloy leads to deoxidation, which limits the oxygen activity of the inoculation alloy before the alloying of the microalloys, so that these are retained as metals and with their activity a reproducible and targeted vaccination treatment during the Solidification can be brought up in response to the oxygen escaping from the solidification fronts.
- the activity of the combination of microalloys forms a reproducible number of germs that contribute to a high number of spherulites the solidification of a cast iron melt in sand and mold shapes and lead to a self-feeding characteristic of the liquid, near-eutectic cast iron during the solidification.
- the cast iron melt can be completely inoculated before the pouring, without the need for subsequent vaccination during the pouring or pouring in the form of a mold vaccination.
- a method for producing the inoculation alloy in which the base alloy is first melted and the additives are added shortly before or during the cooling phase, which is characterized in that the base alloy C is added in an amount which suppresses the oxygen activity of the base alloy.
- the base alloy C is added in an amount which suppresses the oxygen activity of the base alloy.
- the inoculating alloy can contain up to 5 percent by weight, preferably 3 percent by weight, of carbon.
- the following directional analysis is proposed for an inoculant for pearlitic GuB quality.
- the rest Fe is first a base alloy of Si and Fe melted at a temperature of 1400 degrees Celsius. C is added to the base alloy in an amount that on the one hand lowers the oxygen activity of the base alloy and on the other hand leads to a C content of approx. 3.0 percent by weight in the finished inoculation alloy. Shortly before the cooling phase, the additives Ca, Al, Ce, Bi are added to the base melt. The inoculation alloy is brought into granular form.
- This inoculant is used to produce a ductile GuBei - Spherolithic casting quality from a eutectic alloy in an amount of 0.3 percent by weight of the Mg-pretreated melt contained in a pouring pan was added shortly before the casting.
- the melt shows a self-feeding behavior when it cools down.
- Test results are summarized under a), in which the percentage content of various additives was varied. Under b) the test results with the respective opti paint vaccine alloys specified. The test results with the vaccine alloy D from DE-OS 32 29 153 are reproduced under c). The better results are attributed, among other things, to the relatively higher Ca content.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Impflegierung zur Herstellung von sphärolithischem Gußeisen, - aus einer Fe-Si-Basislegierung mit Zusätzen von mindestens einem Metall der Gruppe seltener Erden, von mindestens einem Element der Gruppe Erd-alkali, von Bi und A1.The invention relates to a seed alloy for the production of spherulitic cast iron, - from an Fe-Si base alloy with additions of at least one metal from the rare earth group, from at least one element from the alkaline earth group, from Bi and A1.
Sphärolithische Gußeisen werden in der Regel aus einer naheutektischen Legierung hergestellt. Angestrebt wird die Bildung einer möglichst großen Zahl von Sphärolithen pro Flächeneinheit, weil mit steigender Zahl von Sphärolithen die Eigenschaften des Gußeisens, insbesondere seine Duktilität, verbessert werden. Die Impflegierung wird der z.B. in einem Gießpfännchen befindlichen Schmelze vor dem Abgießen in z.B. körniger Form.zugegeben.Spherolithic cast irons are usually made from a near eutectic alloy. The aim is to form the largest possible number of spherulites per unit area, because the properties of cast iron, in particular its ductility, are improved with an increasing number of spherulites. The inoculant is e.g. melt in a ladle before pouring into e.g. granular shape.
Eine bekannte Impflegierung der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung (DE-OS 32 29 153) wird in Mengen von bis zu 1,3 Gewichtsprozent der Schmelze zugegeben. Je mehr Impflegierung zugegeben wird, desto größer ist die Zahl der im Gußeisen gebildeten Sphärolithen. In der Praxis hat sich allerdings gezeigt, daß selbst unter im wesentlichen gleichen Verhältnissen die Zahl der Sphärolithen in einem relativ großen Bereich schwanken kann. Um sicherzugehen, daß insbesondere in dünnwandigen Bereichen des Gußstückes keine sogenannte Weißeinstrahlung entsteht, die auf der Bildung von Fe3G beruht, setzt man deshalb zusätzlich eine spezielle Formimpfung ein, d.h.. man legt an bestimmte Stellen der Form Impfsteine aus der Impflegierung ein. Im Zusammenhang mit der schwankenden Zahl der gebildeten Sphärolithe steht auch ein anderes Problem, nämlich die unterschiedliche Schrumpfung der erstarrenden Schmelze, weil die metallische Schrumpfung jeweils in Abhängigkeit vom Volumen der gebildeten Spherolithe durch die Expansion des Graphits ausgeglichen wird.A known inoculation alloy of the type described at the beginning (DE-OS 32 29 153) is added in amounts of up to 1.3 percent by weight to the melt. The more seed alloy is added, the greater the number of spherulites formed in the cast iron. In practice, however, it has been shown that the number of spherulites can fluctuate within a relatively large range even under essentially the same conditions. In order to ensure that, especially in thin-walled areas of the casting, there is no so-called white radiation, which is based on the formation of Fe 3 G, a special form vaccination is therefore also used, ie. one places inoculation stones from the inoculation alloy in certain places of the form. There is also another problem in connection with the fluctuating number of spherulites formed, namely the different shrinkage of the solidifying melt, because the metallic shrinkage is compensated for by the expansion of the graphite depending on the volume of the spherulites formed.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Impflegierung der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung anzugeben, die zu einem selbstspeisenden Verhalten der erstarrenden Schmelze führt und den Einsatz einer speziellen Formimpfung überflüssig macht.The object of the invention is to provide a vaccine alloy of the type described at the outset, which results in a self-feeding Behavior of the solidifying melt and makes the use of a special mold vaccination unnecessary.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Impflegierung über das Lösungsgleichgewicht der Fe-Si-Basislegierung hinaus C enthält und entsprechend metalloxidfrei ist. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß bei Einsatz einer erfindungsgemäßen Impflegierung die Keimbildung in der Schmelze und damit die Zahl der entstehenden Sphärolithe wesentlich besser beherrscht werden können. Damit sind auch die Voraussetzungen gegeben, durch Zusatz einer bestimmten Menge der Impflegierung ein selbstspeisendes Verhalten der abkühlenden Schmelze zu erreichen. Außerdem kann auf spezielle Formimpfung verzichtet werden. Die spezifische Wirkung des Kohlenstoffs der Impflegierung ist im einzelnen nicht bekannt. Man geht jedoch davon aus, daß der Kohlenstoff einerseits in der Impflegierung und andererseits in der Schmelze zur Unterdrückung der Sauerstoffaktivität beiträgt..This object is achieved in that the inoculation alloy contains C beyond the solution equilibrium of the Fe-Si base alloy and is accordingly free of metal oxides. Surprisingly, it has been found that the nucleation in the melt and thus the number of spherulites formed can be controlled much better when using an inoculation alloy according to the invention. This also provides the prerequisites for achieving a self-feeding behavior of the cooling melt by adding a certain amount of the inoculant. In addition, there is no need for special vaccinations. The specific effect of the carbon of the seed alloy is not known in detail. However, it is believed that the carbon in the inoculant on the one hand and in the melt on the other hand helps to suppress oxygen activity.
Eine Kombination der Elemente Ca, CeM und Bi als Mikrolegierungen, die durch ihre Aktivität infolge ihrer hohen Affinität zum Sauerstoff und anderen Elementen eine besonders hohe Keimbildungsbereitschaft hat, führt beim Vorliegen einer Rest-Sauerstoffaktivität in einer Mg-behandelten Gußeisenschmelze zur Vermeidung der Unterkühlung während der Erstarrung und damit zur Vermeidung der Erstarrung im metastabilen System der Eisen-Legierung auch bei hohen Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeiten bzw. in dünnen Querschnitten (Vermeidung der Karbidbildung, Weißeinstrahlung etc.). Des weiteren führt die Affinität des relativ hohen C-Gehaltes bei der Erzeugung der Impflegierung zu einer Desoxydation, die die Sauerstoffaktivität der Impflegierung vor dem Zulegieren der Mikrolegierungen begrenzt, so daß diese als Metalle erhalten bleiben und mit ihrer Aktivität eine reproduzierbare und gezielte Impfbehandlung während der Erstarrung in Reaktion mit dem an den Erstarrungsfronten ausseigernden Sauerstoff erzieht werden kann. Die Aktivität der Kombination der Mikrolegierungen bildet eine reproduzierbare Anzahl von Keimen, die zu einer-hohen Anzahl an Sphärolithen bei der Erstarrung einer Gußeisenschmelze in Sand-und Kokillenformen und zu einer selbstspeisenden Charakteristik des flüssigen, naheutektischen Gußeisens während der Erstarrung führen. Die Gußeisenschmelze kann vor dem Vergießen vollständig geimpft werden, ohne daß eine Nachimpfung während des Umgießens oder Vergießens in Form einer Formimpfung erfolgen muß.A combination of the elements Ca, CeM and Bi as microalloys, which due to their activity due to their high affinity for oxygen and other elements has a particularly high willingness to nucleate, leads to the prevention of hypothermia during the presence of residual oxygen activity in a Mg-treated cast iron melt Solidification and thus to avoid solidification in the metastable system of the iron alloy even at high cooling speeds or in thin cross sections (avoiding carbide formation, white radiation etc.). Furthermore, the affinity of the relatively high C content in the production of the inoculation alloy leads to deoxidation, which limits the oxygen activity of the inoculation alloy before the alloying of the microalloys, so that these are retained as metals and with their activity a reproducible and targeted vaccination treatment during the Solidification can be brought up in response to the oxygen escaping from the solidification fronts. The activity of the combination of microalloys forms a reproducible number of germs that contribute to a high number of spherulites the solidification of a cast iron melt in sand and mold shapes and lead to a self-feeding characteristic of the liquid, near-eutectic cast iron during the solidification. The cast iron melt can be completely inoculated before the pouring, without the need for subsequent vaccination during the pouring or pouring in the form of a mold vaccination.
Durch die selbstspeisende Charakteristik des Gußeisens ist es nurmehr notwendig, die liquide Schrumpfung im Temperaturbereich oberhalb Liquidustemperatur durch eine Nachspeisung auszugleichen. Im Temperaturbereich zwischen Liquidus- und Solidustemperatur ist durch die gezielte Keimbildungsbereitschaft der Schmelze, die optimale Graphitausscheidung und die damit verbundene hohe Anzahl von Sphärolithen und deren Expansion während der Erstarrung eine Nachspeisung nicht erforderlich. Das bedeutet ein wesentlich höheres Ausbringen als Verhältnis vergossenes Flüssigeisen zu gutem Guß sowie geringere Form- und Putzarbeiten. Nicht zuletzt führt die dichte Erstarrungsstruktur zu besseren mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften und damit zu einer höheren Konstruktionssicherheit.Due to the self-feeding characteristics of cast iron, it is only necessary to compensate for the liquid shrinkage in the temperature range above the liquidus temperature by making up water. In the temperature range between liquidus and solidus temperature, the targeted readiness for nucleation of the melt, the optimal graphite precipitation and the associated high number of spherulites and their expansion during solidification mean that a refill is not necessary. This means a much higher output than the ratio of poured liquid iron to good casting and less molding and cleaning work. Last but not least, the dense solidification structure leads to better mechanical-technological properties and thus to higher construction reliability.
In diesem Zusammenhang wird erfindungsgemäß ein Verfahren zum Herstellen der Impflegierung vorgeschlagen, wobei zunächst die Basislegierung erschmolzen und kurz vor oder während der Abkühlungsphase die Zusätze beigegeben werden, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Basislegierung C in einer die Sauerstoffaktivität der Basislegierung unterdrückenden Menge zugegeben wird. Wenn Kohlenstoff bereits der Basislegierung zugegeben wird, dann stellt sich in der Schmelzphase der Basislegierung eine Gleichgewichtsreaktion Si-C-0 ein, die hauptsäch- lich zur Bildung/CO führt, welches als Gasphase entweicht. Die später zugegebenen Zusätze, insbesondere diejenigen, die eine große Sauerstoffaktivität aufweisen, können dann in der abkühlenden Basisschmelze keine Metalloxide bilden und liegen in der fertigen Impflegierung in metallischer Form vor. Die metallische Form der Zusätze bleibt auch erhalten, wenn die Impflegierung in die Schmelze gegeben wird, weil der Kohlenstoff- überschuß die Sauerstoffaktivität der Schmelze zumindest reduziert oder ganz unterdrückt.In this connection, a method for producing the inoculation alloy is proposed according to the invention, in which the base alloy is first melted and the additives are added shortly before or during the cooling phase, which is characterized in that the base alloy C is added in an amount which suppresses the oxygen activity of the base alloy. When carbon is already added to the base alloy, then arises in the melt phase of the base alloy is an equilibrium reaction Si-C-0, the hauptsäch- lic h d ung / CO leads to Bil which escapes as a gas phase. The additives added later, in particular those which have a high oxygen activity, cannot then form any metal oxides in the cooling base melt and are present in metallic form in the finished inoculation alloy. The metallic form of the additives is also retained when the seed alloy is added to the melt because the excess carbon at least reduces or completely suppresses the oxygen activity of the melt.
Die Impflegierung kann bis zu 5 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise 3 Gewichtsprozent, Kohlenstoff enthalten. Bei einer Impflegierung für perlitische GuBqualität wird die folgende Richtanalyse vorgeschlagen.
Bei einer Impflegierung für ferritische GuBqualität wird die folgende Richtanalyse vorgeschlagen:
Im folgenden wird ein AusfUhrungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben:An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below:
Zur Herstellung einer Impflegierung der Richtanalyse Ca = 2,5 Gewichtsprozent, Al= 0,5 Gewichtsprozent, CeM = 1,0 Gewichtsprozent, Bi = 2,0 Gewichtsprozent, C = 3,0 Gewichtsprozent, Si = 75 Gewichtsprozent, Rest Fe wird zunächst eine Basislegierung aus Si und Fe bei einer Temperatur von 1400 Grad Celsius erschmolzen. Der Basislegierung wird C in einer Menge beigegeben, die einerseits die Sauerstoffaktivität der Basislegierung senkt und andererseits zu einem C-Gehalt von ca. 3,0 Gewichtsprozent in der fertigen Impflegierung führt. Kurz vor der Abkühlungsphase werden die Zusätze Ca, Al, Ce, Bi der Basisschmelze zugegeben. Die Impflegierung wird in körnige Form gebracht.To prepare a seed alloy of the directional analysis Ca = 2.5 percent by weight, Al = 0.5 percent by weight, CeM = 1.0 percent by weight, Bi = 2.0 percent by weight, C = 3.0 percent by weight, Si = 75 percent by weight, the rest Fe is first a base alloy of Si and Fe melted at a temperature of 1400 degrees Celsius. C is added to the base alloy in an amount that on the one hand lowers the oxygen activity of the base alloy and on the other hand leads to a C content of approx. 3.0 percent by weight in the finished inoculation alloy. Shortly before the cooling phase, the additives Ca, Al, Ce, Bi are added to the base melt. The inoculation alloy is brought into granular form.
Diese Impflegierung wird zur Herstellung eines duktilen GuBei - senssphärolithischer Gußqualität aus einer eutektischen Legierung in einer Menge von 0,3 Gewichtsprozent der in einem Gießpfännchen befindlichen Mg-vorbehandelten Schmelze kurz vor dem Abguß zugegeben. Bei der Abkühlung zeigt die Schmelze ein selbstspeisendes Verhalten. Die folgenden Tabellen geben die Ergebnisse von Vergleichsversuchen wieder; Tabelle I Versuchsergebnisse mit einer Impflegierung für ferritisches duktiles Gußeisen und Tabelle II mit einer Impflegierung für perlitisches Gußeisen:
Unter a) sind jeweils Versuchsergebnisse zusammengefaßt, bei denen der prozentuale Gehalt verschiedener Zusätze variiert wurde. Unter b) sind die Versuchsergebnisse mit den jeweils optimalen Impflegierungen angegeben. Unter c) sind die Versuchsergebnisse mit der Impflegierung D aus der DE-OS 32 29 153 wiedergegeben. Die demgegenüber besseren Ergebnisse werden u.a. auf den relativ höheren Ca-Gehalt zurückgeführt.Test results are summarized under a), in which the percentage content of various additives was varied. Under b) the test results with the respective opti paint vaccine alloys specified. The test results with the vaccine alloy D from DE-OS 32 29 153 are reproduced under c). The better results are attributed, among other things, to the relatively higher Ca content.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843409550 DE3409550C1 (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1984-03-15 | Inoculating alloy for the production of spherulitic cast iron |
| DE3409550 | 1984-03-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0162194A1 true EP0162194A1 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
Family
ID=6230612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85101529A Withdrawn EP0162194A1 (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1985-02-13 | Inoculating alloy for the production of nodular cast iron |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0162194A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3409550C1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0317366A1 (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1989-05-24 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing nodular cast iron |
| US4882769A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1989-11-21 | Gallimore Bruce A | AM/FM radio with sunglass housing |
| RU2146295C1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2000-03-10 | ООО "Ассоциация металлургов и инвесторов" | Method of spheroidizing treatment of spherulitic iron |
| RU2170267C1 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-07-10 | Ганаго Олег Александрович | Method of cast-iron inoculation by magnesium |
| FR2855186A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-11-26 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | Inoculating mixture containing bismuth and rare earth metals for treatment of molten iron during fabrication of thin iron components |
| CN109972026A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-05 | 南京浦江合金材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation process pouring method preparation silicon strontium inoculant using dam-type |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2635534B1 (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1992-04-03 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE FOUNDS |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2136508A1 (en) * | 1970-07-23 | 1972-02-10 | Pechiney | New iron-silicon alloy, its production and use as a seed metal for gray and spheroidal graphite cast iron |
| US4189316A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1980-02-19 | Tulsky Proektno-Konstruktorsky Tekhnologichesky Institut Mashinostroenia | Iron modifier and method of using same |
| DE3229153A1 (en) * | 1981-08-04 | 1983-04-28 | Nobel-Bozel, 92800 Puteaux, Hauts-de-Seine | REMOTE ALLOYING FOR THE PREVIOUS VACCINE TREATMENT OF POWDERED AND UNCOVERED BALL GRAPHITE CASTING AND METHOD FOR TREATING THE LIQUID PIPE IRON WITH THIS REMOTE ALLOY |
| EP0090654A2 (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-05 | Elkem Metals Company | Alloy and process for producing ductile and compacted graphite cast irons |
-
1984
- 1984-03-15 DE DE19843409550 patent/DE3409550C1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-02-13 EP EP85101529A patent/EP0162194A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2136508A1 (en) * | 1970-07-23 | 1972-02-10 | Pechiney | New iron-silicon alloy, its production and use as a seed metal for gray and spheroidal graphite cast iron |
| US4189316A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1980-02-19 | Tulsky Proektno-Konstruktorsky Tekhnologichesky Institut Mashinostroenia | Iron modifier and method of using same |
| DE3229153A1 (en) * | 1981-08-04 | 1983-04-28 | Nobel-Bozel, 92800 Puteaux, Hauts-de-Seine | REMOTE ALLOYING FOR THE PREVIOUS VACCINE TREATMENT OF POWDERED AND UNCOVERED BALL GRAPHITE CASTING AND METHOD FOR TREATING THE LIQUID PIPE IRON WITH THIS REMOTE ALLOY |
| EP0090654A2 (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-05 | Elkem Metals Company | Alloy and process for producing ductile and compacted graphite cast irons |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| METALS ABSTRACTS, Band 16, Mai 1983, Seite 134, Nr. 51-0496, Foxton, Cambridge, GB; F. LIETAERT u.a.: "Development of more powerful inoculants for spheroidal graphite irons" & FONDERIE BELGE, Juni 1982, 52(2), 5-18 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0317366A1 (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1989-05-24 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing nodular cast iron |
| US4882769A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1989-11-21 | Gallimore Bruce A | AM/FM radio with sunglass housing |
| RU2146295C1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2000-03-10 | ООО "Ассоциация металлургов и инвесторов" | Method of spheroidizing treatment of spherulitic iron |
| RU2170267C1 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-07-10 | Ганаго Олег Александрович | Method of cast-iron inoculation by magnesium |
| FR2855186A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-11-26 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | Inoculating mixture containing bismuth and rare earth metals for treatment of molten iron during fabrication of thin iron components |
| WO2004104252A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-12-02 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | Inoculant products comprising bismuth and rare earths |
| US7569092B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2009-08-04 | Pechiney Electrometallurgie | Inoculant products comprising bismuth and rare earths |
| CN109972026A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-05 | 南京浦江合金材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation process pouring method preparation silicon strontium inoculant using dam-type |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3409550C1 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
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