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EP0147661A1 - Mechanical power source actuated by gas pressure - Google Patents

Mechanical power source actuated by gas pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147661A1
EP0147661A1 EP84114495A EP84114495A EP0147661A1 EP 0147661 A1 EP0147661 A1 EP 0147661A1 EP 84114495 A EP84114495 A EP 84114495A EP 84114495 A EP84114495 A EP 84114495A EP 0147661 A1 EP0147661 A1 EP 0147661A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed gas
housing
piston
force element
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84114495A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard Dr. Bender
Hellmut Bendler
Gerrit Scheiderer
Hans Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huels Troisdorf AG
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Huels Troisdorf AG
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huels Troisdorf AG, Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Huels Troisdorf AG
Publication of EP0147661A1 publication Critical patent/EP0147661A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/19—Pyrotechnical actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/006—Explosive bolts; Explosive actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressed gas-actuated mechanical force element with a housing which contains a cylinder space, a piston which is displaceable in the cylinder space and carries a pin which projects from the housing, and with a compressed gas cartridge connected to the cylinder space.
  • Power elements are known which are actuated by compressed gas and pull in or eject a pin fastened to a piston (DE-OS 22 53 657, DE-PS 23 28 184). By igniting a solid contained in a compressed gas cartridge, a hot gas is generated, which is led into the cylinder space and moves the piston with the pin attached, which has the function of a piston rod.
  • These force elements are mainly used as detonator components in the military sector, but also for civilian purposes Applications, for example as a switch for emitting signals or for unlocking purposes.
  • the known force elements can only perform a single function by acting on an external component with their pin, which is drawn in or out in the event of a release. If several functions are to be carried out simultaneously, a corresponding number of force elements must be provided, which are ignited at the same time. The required effort for compressed gas operated power elements is thus multiplied.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a compressed gas-actuated mechanical force element of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is able to perform several functions simultaneously after the compressed gas cartridge has been triggered.
  • the housing contains at least one second cylinder chamber with a second piston displaceable therein with a pin protruding from the housing and that both cylinder chambers are connected to one another and to the common compressed gas cartridge.
  • two (or more) pistons are pressurized simultaneously by the compressed gas cartridge, so that both pistons are moved synchronously.
  • the pins of the pistons acting on external elements are drawn in simultaneously or with the same forces or, if necessary, also extended, so that it is ensured that the external elements are drawn in and / or out at exactly the same time and with the same forces be driven. It is also possible to bring about a delay of one pin compared to the other pin by means of special structural measures and thus to carry out two different actuation processes with a defined short time interval using the same force element.
  • the two operations carried out by the pins are in a predetermined relationship to each other and both operations are triggered by the same compressed gas cartridge, so that it cannot happen that only one of the pins is moved due to a malfunction.
  • the forces transmitted via the pins can also be different due to piston surfaces of different sizes.
  • the pins of the pistons preferably run parallel to one another. This results in a small design of the housing in which the cylinder spaces are arranged with parallel axes. In principle, however, it is also possible to align the cylinder spaces in different directions, so that, for example, the pins can be moved at an angle that is greater than zero.
  • the force element according to the invention can thus act in different directions and be adapted to the respective structural conditions, i.e. it can act on elements that have to be acted on in different directions at the same time. After the gas has been generated, the pins are drawn in or ejected via the movements of the pistons by a path given by the volume of the respective cylinder space or its axial length. It is also possible to pull in one pin and eject the other pin.
  • the cylinder spaces are preferably connected to the compressed gas cartridge via at least one channel.
  • This channel can also consist of a line, so that it is not necessary to accommodate the compressed gas cartridge in the interior of the housing.
  • the pins With compressed gas operated mechanical power elements, the pins normally grip the piston centrally.
  • the housing diameter can be reduced in that at least one of the pins is arranged eccentrically on the associated piston and projects through a bore in the other piston. It is thereby achieved that the pistons are moved along a common axis with a relatively large piston cross section and that the pins (piston rods) are guided linearly through the respective other piston or cylinder space. The forces acting on the pistons are correspondingly large due to the large piston cross sections.
  • FIGS. 1 and la are in a housing 1 made of metal, e.g. a brass alloy or steel alloy, two cylinder spaces 2a, 2b arranged axially one behind the other, each of which contains an axially displaceable piston 3a, 3b. Both cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are separated from one another by a transverse partition 11 of the housing 1.
  • a piston rod in the form of a cylindrical pin 4a, 4b is attached to each of the pistons 3a, 3b. Each pin protrudes through a bore of the partition 11 and through a bore 5a, 5b of the opposite piston.
  • the cylinder spaces 2a, 2b are delimited to the outer sides of the housing 1 by a flanged end wall 6a, 6b.
  • the pins 4b, 4a protrude from the housing 1 through bores 7a, 7b of the end walls 6a, 6b.
  • a compressed bore 8 in a transverse bore, which is aligned at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 and is held in the housing with a screw bolt 10.
  • Electrical supply lines 12 lead from the compressed gas cartridge 8 out of the housing. If an electrical voltage is applied to the supply lines 12, the compressed gas cartridge 8 is ignited. Due to the gas development occurring, the end wall of the compressed gas cartridge facing the interior of the housing bursts. As a result, pressurized gas enters the axial channel 9 passing through the partition 11 and into the two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b opens.
  • the pistons 3a and 3b which are initially in the retracted state, ie bear against the partition 11, are pressurized with the pressure of the compressed gas and are driven outward in the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b. As a result, the two pins 4a and 4b are drawn into the housing 1 in the direction of the arrows shown.
  • the feed paths are limited by the lengths of the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b. Since the pressure build-up of the compressed gas takes place very quickly, sealing the pistons to the respective wall of the cylinder space is only necessary if large forces have to be overcome when the pins are drawn in.
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a a variant in which the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are axially and laterally offset from one another.
  • the housing 1 consists of two housing parts la and Ib, which are placed against each other and each of which contains a cylinder space 2a, 2b.
  • the part la is inserted into a sleeve-shaped extension of the part lb and held in place by flanging.
  • a recess 9 ' is provided, into which the two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b open.
  • the cylinder spaces are blind bores which start from the inner end wall of the respective housing part and, in the assembled state of the housing 1, extend in opposite directions.
  • a piston 3a, 3b is arranged in each cylinder chamber 2a, 2b, on which the pin 4a, 4b acts centrally. Each pin is guided through a longitudinal bore of the other housing part to the outside.
  • the compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a transverse bore in the housing 1, which opens into the recess 9 'connecting the cylinder spaces 2a, 2b.
  • a pressure builds up in the recess 9 ′, which is transmitted to the pistons 3a, 3b and moves them outward in the cylinder spaces 2a, 2b.
  • both pins 4a and 4b are drawn into the housing.
  • a combined arrangement is also possible, in which one pin is drawn in and the other pin is pressed out.
  • the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are axially aligned with each other without there being a partition between them.
  • the pins 4a, 4b also pass through (as in FIG. 1) through bores of the other piston and each of the pins engages eccentrically on its associated piston.
  • Each piston 3a, 3b is provided with a sealing ring 13 for sealing against the wall of the associated cylinder space 2a, 2b.
  • the compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a housing extension 14 projecting laterally from the housing 1, from which a channel 15 opens into the area between the pistons 3a, 3b.
  • the compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a bore inside the one piston 3b. This bore opens into the space between the pistons 3a and 3b, so that both pistons are driven apart during the gas evolution.
  • the electrical supply lines 12 lead through the cylinder space 2b to the compressed gas cartridge 8.
  • the housing 1 consists of an elongated cylinder which contains two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b of the same cross section.
  • the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction and they merge into one another without bumps and without heels.
  • the piston 3a is displaceable in the cylinder space 2a and the piston 3b is displaceable in the cylinder space 2b.
  • both pistons 3a and 3b are adjacent to one another and separated from one another by an intermediate space 16 in the center of the cylinder.
  • the channel 15 opens into the intermediate space 16 and is supplied with compressed gas by the compressed gas cartridge 8 when it is triggered.
  • the pin 4a projecting from the piston 3a as a piston rod leads through an opening in the end wall 6a of the housing 1 which closes off the cylinder chamber 2a, and the pin 4b connected with the piston 3b as a piston rod leads through an opening the end wall 6b of the housing 1 which closes off the cylinder space 2b.
  • the end wall 6a is integrally formed on the housing 1
  • the end wall 6b consists of a plate with a central opening which is subsequently inserted into the cylindrical housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

In einem Gehäuse (1) sind zwei Zylinderräume (2a,2b) vorgesehen, von denen jeder einen Kolben (3a,3b) enthält. Von den Kolben stehen Stifte (4a,4b) als Kolbenstangen in unterschiedliche Richtungen ab. In dem Bereich zwischen den Kolben (3a,3b) befindet sich ein Kanal (9), der an eine Druckgaspatrone angeschlossen ist. Beim Auslösen der Druckgaspatrone bewegt das sich entwickelnde Gas die Kolben (3a,3b) auseinander, wodurch die Stifte (4a,4b) gleichzeitig oder nach einem vorbestimmten Funktionsablauf bewegt werden.

Figure imgaf001
Two cylinder spaces (2a, 2b) are provided in a housing (1), each of which contains a piston (3a, 3b). Pins (4a, 4b) protrude from the pistons as piston rods in different directions. In the area between the pistons (3a, 3b) there is a channel (9) which is connected to a compressed gas cartridge. When the compressed gas cartridge is triggered, the developing gas moves the pistons (3a, 3b) apart, as a result of which the pins (4a, 4b) are moved simultaneously or according to a predetermined functional sequence.
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein druckgasbetätigtes mechanisches Kraftelement mit einem Gehäuse, das einen Zylin- derraum enthält, einem in dem Zylinderraum verschiebbaren Kolben, der einen aus dem Gehäuse herausragenden Stift trägt, und mit einer mit dem Zylinderraum verbundenen Druckgaspatrone.The invention relates to a compressed gas-actuated mechanical force element with a housing which contains a cylinder space, a piston which is displaceable in the cylinder space and carries a pin which projects from the housing, and with a compressed gas cartridge connected to the cylinder space.

Bekannt sind Kraftelemente, die durch Druckgas betätigt werden und einen an einem Kolben befestigten Stift einziehen bzw. ausstoßen (DE-OS 22 53 657, DE-PS 23 28 184). Durch Entzündung eines in einer Druckgaspatrone enthaltenen Feststoffes wird ein heißes Gas erzeugt, das in den Zylinderraum geleitet wird und den Kolben mit dem daran befestigten Stift, der die Funktion einer Kolbenstange hat, bewegt. Der Einsatz dieser Kraftelemente erfolgt hauptsächlich als Zünderbaustein auf dem militärischen Sektor, jedoch auch für zivile Anwendungen, beispielsweise als Schalter für die Abgabe von Signalen oder für Entriegelungszwecke.Power elements are known which are actuated by compressed gas and pull in or eject a pin fastened to a piston (DE-OS 22 53 657, DE-PS 23 28 184). By igniting a solid contained in a compressed gas cartridge, a hot gas is generated, which is led into the cylinder space and moves the piston with the pin attached, which has the function of a piston rod. These force elements are mainly used as detonator components in the military sector, but also for civilian purposes Applications, for example as a switch for emitting signals or for unlocking purposes.

Die bekannten Kraftelemente können nur jeweils eine einzige Funktion ausüben, indem sie mit ihrem Stift, der im Auslösefalle eingezogen oder herausgefahren wird, auf ein externes Bauteil einwirken. Wenn mehrere Funktionen gleichzeitig ausgeführt werden sollen, müssen entsprechend viele Kraftelemente vorgesehen sein, die gleichzeitig gezündet werden. Der erforderliche Aufwand an druckgasbetätigten Kraftelementen vervielfältigt sich damit.The known force elements can only perform a single function by acting on an external component with their pin, which is drawn in or out in the event of a release. If several functions are to be carried out simultaneously, a corresponding number of force elements must be provided, which are ignited at the same time. The required effort for compressed gas operated power elements is thus multiplied.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein druckgasbetätigtes mechanisches Kraftelement der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß es imstande ist, nach dem Auslösen der Druckgaspatrone mehrere Funktionen gleichzeitig auszuüben.The invention is based on the object of designing a compressed gas-actuated mechanical force element of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is able to perform several functions simultaneously after the compressed gas cartridge has been triggered.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß das Gehäuse wenigstens einen zweiten Zylinderraum mit einem darin verschiebbaren zweiten Kolben mit aus dem Gehäuse herausragendem Stift enthält und daß beide Zylinderräume untereinander und mit der gemeinsamen Druckgaspatrone verbunden sind.To achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention that the housing contains at least one second cylinder chamber with a second piston displaceable therein with a pin protruding from the housing and that both cylinder chambers are connected to one another and to the common compressed gas cartridge.

Nach der Erfindung werden durch die Druckgaspatrone zwei (oder mehr) Kolben gleichzeitig mit Druck beaufschlagt, so daß beide Kolben synchron bewegt werden. Die auf externe Elemente einwirkenden Stifte der Kolben werden gleichzeitig und mit gleichen Kräften eingezogen oder ggf. auch ausgefahren, so daß sichergestellt ist, daß die externen Elemente genau gleichzeitig und mit untereinander gleichen Kräften eingezogen und/oder ausgefahren werden. Es ist auch möglich, durch spezielle bauliche Maßnahmen eine Verzögerung des einen Stiftes gegenüber dem anderen Stift hervorzurufen und so mit dem gleichen Kraftelement zwei unterschiedliche Betätigungsvorgänge mit definiertem kurzen zeitlichen Abstand durchzuführen. In jedem Fall stehen die beiden Betätigungsvorgänge, die durch die Stifte ausgeführt werden, in einem vorbestimmten Verhältnis zueinander und beide Betätigungsvorgänge werden von derselben Druckgaspatrone ausgelöst, so daß es nicht vorkommen kann, daß infolge einer Fehlfunktion nur einer der Stifte bewegt wird. Auch können durch unterschiedlich große Kolbenflächen die über die Stifte übertragenen Kräfte unterschiedlich sein.According to the invention, two (or more) pistons are pressurized simultaneously by the compressed gas cartridge, so that both pistons are moved synchronously. The pins of the pistons acting on external elements are drawn in simultaneously or with the same forces or, if necessary, also extended, so that it is ensured that the external elements are drawn in and / or out at exactly the same time and with the same forces be driven. It is also possible to bring about a delay of one pin compared to the other pin by means of special structural measures and thus to carry out two different actuation processes with a defined short time interval using the same force element. In any case, the two operations carried out by the pins are in a predetermined relationship to each other and both operations are triggered by the same compressed gas cartridge, so that it cannot happen that only one of the pins is moved due to a malfunction. The forces transmitted via the pins can also be different due to piston surfaces of different sizes.

Vorzugsweise verlaufen die Stifte der Kolben parallel zueinander. Dies ergibt eine kleine Bauform des Gehäuses, in dem die Zylinderräume mit parallelen Achsen angeordnet sind. Prinzipiell ist es aber auch möglich, die Zylinderräume in unterschiedlichen Richtungen auszurichten, so daß beispielsweise die Stifte unter einem Winkel, der größer ist als Null, bewegt werden können. Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftelement kann somit in unterschiedliche Richtungen wirken und den jeweiligen baulichen Verhältnissen angepaßt werden, d.h. es kann auf Elemente, die in verschiedenen Richtungen beaufschlagt werden müssen, gleichzeitig einwirken. Nach Erzeugung des Gases werden über die Bewegungen der Kolben die Stifte um einen durch das Volumen des jeweiligen Zylinderraumes bzw. dessen axiale Länge gegebenen Weg eingezogen oder ausgestoßen. Es ist auch möglich, den einen Stift einzuziehen und den anderen Stift auszustoßen.The pins of the pistons preferably run parallel to one another. This results in a small design of the housing in which the cylinder spaces are arranged with parallel axes. In principle, however, it is also possible to align the cylinder spaces in different directions, so that, for example, the pins can be moved at an angle that is greater than zero. The force element according to the invention can thus act in different directions and be adapted to the respective structural conditions, i.e. it can act on elements that have to be acted on in different directions at the same time. After the gas has been generated, the pins are drawn in or ejected via the movements of the pistons by a path given by the volume of the respective cylinder space or its axial length. It is also possible to pull in one pin and eject the other pin.

Die Zylinderräume sind vorzugsweise über mindestens einen Kanal mit der Druckgaspatrone verbunden. Dieser Kanal kann auch aus einer Leitung bestehen, so daß es nicht erforderlich ist, die Druckgaspatrone im Innern des Gehäuses unterzubringen.The cylinder spaces are preferably connected to the compressed gas cartridge via at least one channel. This channel can also consist of a line, so that it is not necessary to accommodate the compressed gas cartridge in the interior of the housing.

Eine besonders kleine Bauform ergibt sich, wenn die Druckgaspatrone in einem der Kolben angeordnet ist.A particularly small design results if the compressed gas cartridge is arranged in one of the pistons.

Bei druckgasbetätigten mechanischen Kraftelementen greifen die Stifte normalerweise zentrisch am Kolben an. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen doppelt-wirkenden Kraftelement kann der Gehäusedurchmesser dadurch verringert werden, daß mindestens einer der Stifte an dem zugehörigen Kolben exzentrisch angeordnet ist und durch eine Bohrung des anderen Kolbens hindurchragt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß bei relativ großem Kolbenquerschnitt die Kolben entlang einer gemeinsamen Achse bewegt werden und daß die Stifte (Kolbenstangen) durch den jeweils anderen Kolben bzw. Zylinderraum linear geführt werden. Die auf die Kolben einwirkende Kräfte sind infolge der großen Kolbenquerschnitte entsprechend groß.With compressed gas operated mechanical power elements, the pins normally grip the piston centrally. In the double-acting force element according to the invention, the housing diameter can be reduced in that at least one of the pins is arranged eccentrically on the associated piston and projects through a bore in the other piston. It is thereby achieved that the pistons are moved along a common axis with a relatively large piston cross section and that the pins (piston rods) are guided linearly through the respective other piston or cylinder space. The forces acting on the pistons are correspondingly large due to the large piston cross sections.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Kraftelement,
  • Fig. la einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie a-a von Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform des Kraftelementes,
  • Fig. 2a einen Schnitt entlang der Linie a-a von Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform des Kraftelementes,
  • Fig. 4 einen Längsschnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungsform des Kraftelementes und
  • Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt durch eine fünfte Ausführungsform des Kraftelementes.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a force element,
  • La shows a cross section along the line aa of Fig. 1,
  • 2 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of the force element,
  • 2a shows a section along the line aa of Fig. 2,
  • 3 shows a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of the force element,
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a fourth embodiment of the force element and
  • Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a fifth embodiment of the force element.

Gemäß Fign. 1 und la befinden sich in einem Gehäuse 1 aus Metall, z.B. einer Messinglegierung oder Stahllegierung, zwei axial hintereinander angeordnete Zylinderräume 2a,2b, von denen jeder einen axial verschiebbaren Kolben 3a,3b enthält. Beide Zylinderräume 2a und 2b sind durch eine querlaufende Trennwand 11 des Gehäuses 1 voneinander getrennt. An jedem der Kolben 3a,3b ist eine Kolbenstange in Form eines zylindrischen Stiftes 4a,4b befestigt. Jeder Stift ragt durch eine Bohrung der Trennwand 11 und durch eine Bohrung 5a,5b des gegenüberliegenden Kolbens hindurch. Zu den Außenseiten des Gehäuses 1 sind die Zylinderräume 2a,2b durch eine eingebördelte Stirnwand 6a,6b begrenzt. Durch Bohrungen 7a,7b der Stirnwände 6a,6b ragen die Stifte 4b,4a hindurch aus dem Gehäuse 1 heraus.According to FIGS. 1 and la are in a housing 1 made of metal, e.g. a brass alloy or steel alloy, two cylinder spaces 2a, 2b arranged axially one behind the other, each of which contains an axially displaceable piston 3a, 3b. Both cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are separated from one another by a transverse partition 11 of the housing 1. A piston rod in the form of a cylindrical pin 4a, 4b is attached to each of the pistons 3a, 3b. Each pin protrudes through a bore of the partition 11 and through a bore 5a, 5b of the opposite piston. The cylinder spaces 2a, 2b are delimited to the outer sides of the housing 1 by a flanged end wall 6a, 6b. The pins 4b, 4a protrude from the housing 1 through bores 7a, 7b of the end walls 6a, 6b.

Im Innern der Trennwand 11 befindet sich in einer Querbohrung die Druckgaspatrone 8, die rechtwinklig zur Längsrichtung des Gehäuses 1 ausgerichtet ist und mit einem Schraubbolzen 10 im Gehäuse festgehalten wird. Von der Druckgaspatrone 8 führen elektrische Zuleitungen 12 aus dem Gehäuse heraus. Wird an die Zuleitungen 12 eine elektrische Spannung gelegt, dann wird die Druckgaspatrone 8 gezündet. Durch die auftretende Gasentwicklung platzt die zum Gehäuseinnern gerichtete Stirnwand der Druckgaspatrone auf. Hierdurch gelangt Druckgas in den durch die Trennwand 11 hindurchgehenden axialen Kanal 9, der in die beiden Zylinderräume 2a und 2b mündet. Die Kolben 3a und 3b, die sich zunächst im eingezogenen Zustand befinden, d.h. an der Trennwand 11 anliegen, werden mit dem Druck des Druckgases beaufschlagt und in den Zylinderräumen 2a und 2b nach außen getrieben. Dadurch werden die beiden Stifte 4a und 4b in Richtung der eingezeichneten Pfeile in das Gehäuse 1 eingezogen. Die Einzugswege werden durch die Längen der Zylinderräume 2a und 2b begrenzt. Da der Druckaufbau des Druckgases sehr schnell erfolgt, ist eine Abdichtung der Kolben zur jeweiligen Wand des Zylinderraumes nur dann erforderlich, wenn beim Einziehen der Stifte große Kräfte zu überwinden sind.In the interior of the partition 11 there is a compressed bore 8 in a transverse bore, which is aligned at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 and is held in the housing with a screw bolt 10. Electrical supply lines 12 lead from the compressed gas cartridge 8 out of the housing. If an electrical voltage is applied to the supply lines 12, the compressed gas cartridge 8 is ignited. Due to the gas development occurring, the end wall of the compressed gas cartridge facing the interior of the housing bursts. As a result, pressurized gas enters the axial channel 9 passing through the partition 11 and into the two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b opens. The pistons 3a and 3b, which are initially in the retracted state, ie bear against the partition 11, are pressurized with the pressure of the compressed gas and are driven outward in the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b. As a result, the two pins 4a and 4b are drawn into the housing 1 in the direction of the arrows shown. The feed paths are limited by the lengths of the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b. Since the pressure build-up of the compressed gas takes place very quickly, sealing the pistons to the respective wall of the cylinder space is only necessary if large forces have to be overcome when the pins are drawn in.

Während bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fign. 1 und la beide Stifte 4a und 4b exzentrisch an dem zugehörigen Kolben 3a bzw. 3b angreifen, zeigen die Fign. 2 und 2a eine Variante, bei der die Zylinderräume 2a und 2b axial und seitlich gegeneinander versetzt sind. Das Gehäuse 1 besteht aus zwei Gehäuseteilen la und Ib, die gegeneinandergesetzt sind und von denen jedes einen Zylinderraum 2a,2b enthält. Das Teil la ist in einen hülsenförmigen Ansatz des Teiles lb eingesetzt und durch Umbördeln festgehalten. An der inneren Stirnwand des einen Gehäuseteils la ist eine Ausnehmung 9' vorgesehen, in die die beiden Zylinderräume 2a und 2b münden. Die Zylinderräume sind Sackbohrungen, die von der inneren Stirnwand des jeweiligen Gehäuseteils ausgehen und sich im zusammengesetzten Zustand des Gehäuses 1 nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen erstrecken. In jedem Zylinderraum 2a,2b ist ein Kolben 3a,3b angeordnet, an dem der Stift 4a,4b zentrisch angreift. Jeder Stift ist durch eine Längsbohrung des anderen Gehäuseteils hindurch nach außen geführt.While in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and la attack both pins 4a and 4b eccentrically on the associated pistons 3a and 3b, respectively, FIGS. 2 and 2a a variant in which the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are axially and laterally offset from one another. The housing 1 consists of two housing parts la and Ib, which are placed against each other and each of which contains a cylinder space 2a, 2b. The part la is inserted into a sleeve-shaped extension of the part lb and held in place by flanging. On the inner end wall of the one housing part la, a recess 9 'is provided, into which the two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b open. The cylinder spaces are blind bores which start from the inner end wall of the respective housing part and, in the assembled state of the housing 1, extend in opposite directions. A piston 3a, 3b is arranged in each cylinder chamber 2a, 2b, on which the pin 4a, 4b acts centrally. Each pin is guided through a longitudinal bore of the other housing part to the outside.

Die Druckgaspatrone 8 befindet sich in einer Querbohrung des Gehäuses 1, welche in die die Zylinderräume 2a,2b verbindende Ausnehmung 9' mündet. Beim Zünden der Druckgaspatrone 8 baut sich in der Ausnehmung 9' ein Druck auf, der auf die Kolben 3a,3b übertragen wird und diese in den Zylinderräumen 2a,2b nach außen bewegt.The compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a transverse bore in the housing 1, which opens into the recess 9 'connecting the cylinder spaces 2a, 2b. When the compressed gas cartridge 8 is ignited, a pressure builds up in the recess 9 ′, which is transmitted to the pistons 3a, 3b and moves them outward in the cylinder spaces 2a, 2b.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fign. 2 und 2a werden beim Auslösen der Druckgaspatrone 8 beide Stifte 4a und 4b in das Gehäuse eingezogen. Alternativ ist es mög- . lich, einen der Stifte (oder beide) nicht durch die Ausnehmung 9' hindurchzuführen, sondern zur entgegengesetzten Seite durch eine Bohrung in der Stirnwand des betreffenden Zylinderraumes aus dem Gehäuse herauszuführen. In diesem Fall würde der betreffende Stift beim Auslösen der Druckgaspatrone aus dem Gehäuse 1 herausbewegt. Auch eine kombinierte Anordnung ist möglich, bei der ein Stift eingezogen und der andere Stift herausgedrückt wird.In the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 2a, when the compressed gas cartridge 8 is triggered, both pins 4a and 4b are drawn into the housing. Alternatively, it is possible. Lich not to pass one of the pins (or both) through the recess 9 ', but to lead them out of the housing to the opposite side through a bore in the end wall of the cylinder space in question. In this case, the relevant pin would be moved out of the housing 1 when the compressed gas cartridge was triggered. A combined arrangement is also possible, in which one pin is drawn in and the other pin is pressed out.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Variante sind die Zylinderräume 2a und 2b axial zueinander ausgerichtet, ohne daß sich zwischen ihnen eine Trennwand befindet. Die Stifte 4a,4b gehen auch hier (wie in Fig. l) durch Bohrungen des jeweils anderen Kolbens hindurch und jeder der Stifte greift an seinem zugehörigen Kolben exzentrisch an. Jeder Kolben 3a,3b ist mit einem Dichtungsring 13 zur Abdichtung gegen die Wand des zugehörigen Zylinderraumes 2a,2b versehen. Die Druckgaspatrone 8 befindet sich in einem vom dem Gehäuse 1 seitlich abstehenden Gehäuseansatz 14, von dem ein Kanal 15 in den Bereich zwischen den Kolben 3a,3b mündet.In the variant shown in Fig. 3, the cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are axially aligned with each other without there being a partition between them. The pins 4a, 4b also pass through (as in FIG. 1) through bores of the other piston and each of the pins engages eccentrically on its associated piston. Each piston 3a, 3b is provided with a sealing ring 13 for sealing against the wall of the associated cylinder space 2a, 2b. The compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a housing extension 14 projecting laterally from the housing 1, from which a channel 15 opens into the area between the pistons 3a, 3b.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 befindet sich die Druckgaspatrone 8 in einer Bohrung im Innern des einen Kolbens 3b. Diese Bohrung mündet in den Raum zwischen den Kolben 3a und 3b, so daß bei der Gasentwicklung beide Kolben auseinandergetrieben werden. Die elektrischen Zuleitungen 12 führen durch den Zylinderraum 2b hindurch zur Druckgaspatrone 8.In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the compressed gas cartridge 8 is located in a bore inside the one piston 3b. This bore opens into the space between the pistons 3a and 3b, so that both pistons are driven apart during the gas evolution. The electrical supply lines 12 lead through the cylinder space 2b to the compressed gas cartridge 8.

Es ist auch möglich, entsprechend Fig. 2 die einzelnen Zylinderräume und Kolben durch lange Zuleitungsrohre . für das Gas zu verbinden und räumlich getrennt unterzubringen. Durch Gestaltung der Zuleitungen für das Gas, z.B. Änderung des Durchmessers und Bildung von Vorkammern, ist es außerdem möglich, den Zeitablauf der Funktion zu beeinflussen.It is also possible, according to FIG. 2, for the individual cylinder spaces and pistons by means of long supply pipes. for the gas to connect and accommodate spatially separated. By designing the supply lines for the gas, e.g. Changing the diameter and formation of antechambers, it is also possible to influence the timing of the function.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 5 besteht das Gehäuse 1 aus einem langgestreckten Zylinder, der zwei Zylinderräume 2a und 2b von gleichem Querschnitt enthält. Die Zylinderräume 2a und 2b sind in axialer Richtung hintereinander angeordnet und sie gehen stoßfrei und ohne Absatz ineinander über. In dem Zylinderraum 2a ist der Kolben 3a verschiebbar und in dem Zylinderraum 2b ist der Kolben 3b verschiebbar. In der Ruhestellung befinden sich beide Kolben 3a und 3b einander benachbart und durch einen Zwischenraum 16 voneinander getrennt in der Mitte des Zylinders. In den Zwischenraum 16 mündet der Kanal 15, der von der Druckgaspatrone 8, wenn diese ausgelöst wird, mit Druckgas versorgt wird. Der als Kolbenstange von dem Kolben 3a abstehende Stift 4a führt durch eine Öffnung der den Zylinderraum 2a abschließenden Stirnwand 6a des Gehäuses 1 hindurch und der mit dem Kolben 3b als Kolbenstange verbundene Stift 4b führt durch eine Öffnung der den Zylinderraum 2b abschließenden Stirnwand 6b des Gehäuses 1 hindurch. Während die Stirnwand 6a dem Gehäuse 1 einstückig angeformt ist, besteht die Stirnwand 6b aus einer nachträglich in das zylindrische Gehäuse eingesetzten Platte mit Mittelöffnung.In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the housing 1 consists of an elongated cylinder which contains two cylinder spaces 2a and 2b of the same cross section. The cylinder spaces 2a and 2b are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction and they merge into one another without bumps and without heels. The piston 3a is displaceable in the cylinder space 2a and the piston 3b is displaceable in the cylinder space 2b. In the rest position, both pistons 3a and 3b are adjacent to one another and separated from one another by an intermediate space 16 in the center of the cylinder. The channel 15 opens into the intermediate space 16 and is supplied with compressed gas by the compressed gas cartridge 8 when it is triggered. The pin 4a projecting from the piston 3a as a piston rod leads through an opening in the end wall 6a of the housing 1 which closes off the cylinder chamber 2a, and the pin 4b connected with the piston 3b as a piston rod leads through an opening the end wall 6b of the housing 1 which closes off the cylinder space 2b. While the end wall 6a is integrally formed on the housing 1, the end wall 6b consists of a plate with a central opening which is subsequently inserted into the cylindrical housing.

Im Falle des Auslösens der Druckgaspatrone 8 strömt Druckgas in den Zwischenraum 16 und treibt die Kolben 3a und 3b auseinander, wodurch die Stifte 4a und 4b aus dem Gehäuse 1 ausgestoßen werden. Beide Stifte 4a und. 4b sind koaxial zum Gehäuse 1 angeordnet.When the compressed gas cartridge 8 is triggered, compressed gas flows into the intermediate space 16 and drives the pistons 3a and 3b apart, as a result of which the pins 4a and 4b are ejected from the housing 1. Both pins 4a and. 4b are arranged coaxially to the housing 1.

Claims (10)

1. Druckgasbetätigtes mechanisches Kraftelement mit einem Gehäuse (1), das einen Zylinderraum (2a) enthält, einem in dem Zylinderraum (2a) verschiebbaren Kolben (3a), der einen aus dem Gehäuse (1) herausragenden Stift (4a) trägt, und mit einer mit dem Zylinderraum (2a) verbundenen Druckgaspatrone (8),
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß das Gehäuse (1) wenigstens einen zweiten Zylinderraum (2b) mit einem darin verschiebbaren zweiten Kolben (3b) mit aus dem Gehäuse herausragendem Stift (4b) enthält und daß beide Zylinderräume (2a,2b) untereinander und mit der jeweiligen Druckgaspatrone (8) verbunden sind.1. Compressed gas-actuated mechanical force element with a housing (1) which contains a cylinder space (2a), a piston (3a) which is displaceable in the cylinder space (2a) and carries a pin (4a) projecting from the housing (1), and with a compressed gas cartridge (8) connected to the cylinder space (2a),
characterized ,
that the housing (1) contains at least one second cylinder chamber (2b) with a second piston (3b) displaceable therein with a pin (4b) protruding from the housing and that both cylinder chambers (2a, 2b) with each other and with the respective compressed gas cartridge (8) are connected. 2. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stifte (4a,4b) der Kolbe'n parallel zueinander verlaufen.2. Force element according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins (4a, 4b) of the piston ' n run parallel to each other. 3. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zylinderräume (2a,2b) über mindestens einen Kanal mit der Druckgaspatrone (8) verbunden sind.3. Force element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinder spaces (2a, 2b) are connected via at least one channel to the compressed gas cartridge (8). 4. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckgaspatrone (8) außerhalb des Gehäuses (1) untergebracht ist.4. Force element according to claim 3, characterized in that the compressed gas cartridge (8) is housed outside the housing (1). 5. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckgaspatrone (8) in einem der Kolben (3b) untergebracht ist.5. Force element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compressed gas cartridge (8) is accommodated in one of the pistons (3b). 6. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zylinderräume (2a,2b) entlang einer gemeinsamen Achse einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind.6. Force element according to claim 2, characterized in that the cylinder spaces (2a, 2b) are arranged opposite one another along a common axis. 7. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens einer der Stifte (4a,4b) an dem zugehörigen Kolben (3a,3b) exzentrisch angeordnet ist und durch eine Bohrung (5b,5a) des anderen Kolbens hindurchragt.7. Force element according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the pins (4a, 4b) on the associated piston (3a, 3b) is arranged eccentrically and projects through a bore (5b, 5a) of the other piston. 8. Kraftelement nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achsen der Zylinderräume (2a,2b) seitlich gegeneinander versetzt sind und daß die Stifte (4a,4b) zentrisch an den Kolben (3a,3b) angeordnet sind.8. Force element according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the axes of the cylinder spaces (2a, 2b) are laterally offset from one another and that the pins (4a, 4b) are arranged centrally on the pistons (3a, 3b). 9. Kraftelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zylinderräume (2a,2b) in unterschiedlichen Richtungen ausgerichtet sind.9. Force element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cylinder spaces (2a, 2b) are aligned in different directions. 10. Kraftelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stifte (4a,4b) von den Kolben (3a,3b) nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen abstehen und daß die Druckgaspatrone (8) mit einem Zwischenraum (16) zwischen den Kolben (3a,3b) verbunden ist.10. Force element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pins (4a, 4b) from the pistons (3a, 3b) protrude in opposite directions and that the compressed gas cartridge (8) with a space (16) between the pistons (3a, 3b) is connected.
EP84114495A 1983-12-30 1984-11-29 Mechanical power source actuated by gas pressure Withdrawn EP0147661A1 (en)

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DE3347553 1983-12-30
DE3347553 1983-12-30
DE3415680 1984-04-27
DE19843415680 DE3415680A1 (en) 1983-12-30 1984-04-27 COMPRESSED GAS ACTUATED MECHANICAL POWER ELEMENT

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CN107993889A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 70kA/20kV quenches the stage type explosion switch in protection system

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US4660473A (en) 1987-04-28
DE3415680A1 (en) 1985-07-11
CA1239061A (en) 1988-07-12

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