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EP0143013A2 - method and device for overheating a refrigerant - Google Patents

method and device for overheating a refrigerant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0143013A2
EP0143013A2 EP84401814A EP84401814A EP0143013A2 EP 0143013 A2 EP0143013 A2 EP 0143013A2 EP 84401814 A EP84401814 A EP 84401814A EP 84401814 A EP84401814 A EP 84401814A EP 0143013 A2 EP0143013 A2 EP 0143013A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
tube
outlet pipe
refrigerant
bottle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84401814A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0143013A3 (en
Inventor
Michel Gueneau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PACTOLE SA
Original Assignee
PACTOLE SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PACTOLE SA filed Critical PACTOLE SA
Publication of EP0143013A2 publication Critical patent/EP0143013A2/en
Publication of EP0143013A3 publication Critical patent/EP0143013A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F25B2400/051—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system between the accumulator and another part of the cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the superheating of a gaseous refrigerating fluid before its introduction into the compressor of a heat pump with an internal combustion engine and for at the same time cooling and condensing the water vapor contained in the exhaust gases. of said motor. It also relates to a device for implementing this method.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method which makes it possible to obtain overheating of the gaseous part of the refrigerant without reducing the performance of the evaporator, in the case of a heat pump whose compressor is driven. by a heat engine.
  • this process makes it possible at the same time to cool the water vapor contained in the engine exhaust gas and to condense it.
  • a second object of the invention is a device for implementing this method, this device being easily adaptable to existing installations.
  • the first object is achieved in that the invention provides a process for overheating a gaseous refrigerant before its introduction into the compressor of a thermal heat pump, characterized in that the residual thermal energy is used. exhaust gas from said heat engine to effect overheating.
  • a heat exchange takes place between all of the exhaust gases and said fluid in an area located in the immediate vicinity of the compressor.
  • the second object is achieved in that the invention provides a device comprising a heat exchanger allowing an exchange between the refrigerant and the exhaust gases and comprising an acceleration zone of said gaseous refrigerant.
  • this exchanger is contained in an anti-blow bottle located upstream of the compressor.
  • the exchanger uses as an exchange surface the envelope of said anti-blow bottle.
  • said envelope is cylindrical with a vertical axis, closed at its two ends.
  • this impact-resistant bottle has a cylindrical internal skirt closed in its upper end which is located between the intake manifold and the first end of the lower part of the outlet manifold. It is also provided with an orifice for the passage of the upper part of the outlet pipe.
  • the lower end of the skirt is open in its entirety and it is located at a level higher than the end of the lower part of said outlet pipe, which may have one or more lateral orifices, located in the part lower of U.
  • the cylindrical envelope of the anti-blow bottle is surrounded by a cylindrical outer envelope, comprising an intake manifold for the exhaust gases and an outlet manifold.
  • said outer envelope surrounds the lower end of the anti-blow bottle.
  • the device and the method according to the invention make it possible to overheat the gaseous part of the refrigerating fluid which results in an increase in the C.O.P. and the power of the heat pump linked to better use of the evaporator.
  • this allows cooling of the exhaust gases to a temperature of up to 30 or 40 ° C with almost complete condensation of the water vapor and a reduction in noise.
  • the anti-blow bottle (1) shown in FIG. 1 comprises a cylindrical envelope (2) constituted by a side wall (3) and, a lower end (4) and an upper end (5).
  • the two ends (4) and (5) are spherical caps.
  • the upper end (5) is provided with an inlet manifold (6) and an outlet manifold (7).
  • the intake manifold (6) opens slightly below the end (5) at which it is welded in (12).
  • the outlet pipe (7) has a cylindrical upper part (8) which opens to the outside and a lower part (9) which has the shape of a U.
  • the branch (10) of the U is located substantially opposite opposite the tubing (6) but opens at a much lower level.
  • the end (11) is connected to the cylindrical upper part (8).
  • An internal skirt (15) is placed inside the envelope (2). It comprises a side wall (16) and an upper wall (17) provided with an orifice (18) for the passage of the tube (8).
  • the skirt (15) and the envelope (2) define an annular volume (20), an upper dome (27) and a lower dome (26).
  • An outer envelope (30) surrounds the assembly. It is connected to the upper part of the side wall (13) of the envelope (2) by an annular ring (31). It includes an intake manifold (32) and an outlet manifold (33) for the exhaust gases from the compressor drive motor.
  • the envelope (30) and the envelope (2) define an external annular volume (35) and a lower external dome (36). The spacing between the two envelopes is maintained by the series of centering studs (37), (38), (39).
  • the device (1) according to the invention is placed in a heat pump as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 in which the evaporator (40), the compressor (41), the condenser (42) and the pressure reducer ( 46), the compressor (41) is rotated by the heat engine (43) whose exhaust gases are sent into the pipe (32) through the pipe (33).
  • the compressor drive is shown in (45).
  • the regulator (46) is a thermostatic regulator with external pressure equalization. It is adjusted according to a T so as to allow the refrigerant in the evaporator to overheat.
  • This device works in the following way: in normal mode, that is to say outside of transient modes the refrigerant gas passes, leaving the evaporator, in the anti-blow bottle (1) where it is overheated before to be introduced into the compressor (41).
  • the gas is introduced into the upper dome (21) and then into the annular volume (20) which constitutes the zone of exchange with the exhaust gas introduced by the pipe (32), the two gases being separated by the envelope (2) of the anti-blow bottle, which thus constitutes the exchange surface of the exchanger.
  • the annular volume (20) constitutes an acceleration zone where the speed of the gas becomes sufficient to obtain the desired heat exchange, contrary to what happens in the anti-blow bottles of the prior art which do not have an inner skirt. During this normal regime, the gas overheats to rid it of the fine droplets of liquid it contains.
  • the exhaust gases are introduced through the tubing (32) into the dome (36) and then collected in the upper part by the tubing (33).
  • Tubing (33) and (32) are tangential to the outer casing.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage of cooling the exhaust gases and condensing the vapors therein.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises a tube (60) for discharging the condensates.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 an alternative embodiment of the anti-blow bottle according to the invention. It usually comprises a cylindrical casing (2) and a refrigerant gas outlet pipe (7) comprising a first vertical branch (8), a central U-shaped part (9) and a second vertical branch (10 ).
  • a circulation tube (50) of hot gases from the engine passes right through the cylindrical envelope, along its vertical axis, the inlet orifice (51) being located in the lower part (52).
  • the refrigerating gas is introduced via the annular pipe (55) defined by the tube (56) which surrounds the tube (50) for circulation of the hot gases.
  • the tube (56) is provided in the upper part with an intake manifold (60) situated outside the casing (2) and open in its lower end (61) at a level below the lower level of the central U-shaped part of the tubing (7).
  • the exhaust gas circulation tube (50) is provided in its lower end (52) with an orifice (65) for discharging the condensates.
  • the gas-gas heat exchange wall is formed by the wall of the tube (50) located opposite the tube (56) while the annular gas acceleration zone is defined by the tube (50) for circulation of the hot gases and by the tube (56) for introducing the refrigerating gas.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. On the contrary, it encompasses all variants, in particular, with regard to the shape of the anti-blow bottle which can, for example, be a capillary system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et dispositif permettant la surchauffe du fluide frigorifique d'une pompe à chaleur à moteur thermique avant son introduction dans le compresseur. II est constitué par une bouteille anti-coups (1) comprenant une jupe interne (15) qui constitue une surface d'échange thermique entre le fluide frigorifique et les gaz d'échappement du moteur. Application aux pompes à chaleur.

Figure imgaf001
Method and device for overheating the refrigerant of a heat pump with an internal combustion engine before it is introduced into the compressor. It consists of an anti-blow bottle (1) comprising an internal skirt (15) which constitutes a heat exchange surface between the refrigerant and the engine exhaust gases. Application to heat pumps.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour la surchauffe d'un fluide frigorifique gazeux avant son introduction dans le compresseur d'une pompe à chaleur à moteur thermique et pour en même temps refroidir et condenser la vapeur d'eau contenue dans les gaz d'échappement dudit moteur. Elle concerne aussi un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a process for the superheating of a gaseous refrigerating fluid before its introduction into the compressor of a heat pump with an internal combustion engine and for at the same time cooling and condensing the water vapor contained in the exhaust gases. of said motor. It also relates to a device for implementing this method.

Le principe des pompes à chaleur à moteur thermique est bien connu de l'homme de l'art. Il est par exemple décrit dans la demande de brevet européen n° 81 400 340 "Installation de chauffage pour locaux à usage d'habitation ou industriel".The principle of heat pumps with an internal combustion engine is well known to those skilled in the art. It is for example described in European patent application No. 81,400,340 "Heating installation for premises for residential or industrial use".

Dans les pompes à chaleur électriques classiques, il est connu de surchauffer le fluide frigorigène avant son introduction dans le compresseur de façon à ne pas introduire de liquide dans le compresseur. Pour ce faire, il est généralement prévu de faire travailler une partie de l'évaporateur comme surchauffeur et de compléter cette surchauffe en utilisant l'énergie thermique dissipée par le moteur électrique d'entraînement du compresseur. Dans le cas des pompes à chaleur à moteur immergé du type de celles décrites dans la demande de brevet ci-dessus, il n'est pas possible de compléter la surchauffe de cette façon et on est donc obligé de faire travailler une plus grande partie de l'évaporateur comme surchauffeur, ce qui est très pénalisant puique les surfaces d'échange de l'évaporateur ne sont performantes que quand le fluide secondaire - c'est-à-dire le fluide frigorigène - est sous forme liquide. On a d'autre part proposé plusieurs solutions permettant de vaporiser la partie liquide frigorifique avant son introduction dans le compresseur, en particulier dans le cas ou l'évaporateur travaille sans surchauffe. C'est par exemple la réalisation décrite dans le brevet allemand 3.206.967 qui prévoit de commnander l'alimentation de l'évaporateur par un détendeur à flotteur commandé en fonction d'un niveau de fluide frigorigène pris en aval de l'évaporateur. Une telle réalisation nécessite alors une vaporisation du fluide frigorigène qui est réalisée, dans le cas de ce brevet allemand 3.206.967, par un échangeur thermique liquide-gaz dans lequel le gaz est le gaz d'échappement du moteur d'entraînement du compresseur.In conventional electric heat pumps, it is known to overheat the refrigerant before it is introduced into the compressor so as not to introduce liquid into the compressor. To do this, it is generally planned to make part of the evaporator work as a superheater and to supplement this superheating by using the thermal energy dissipated by the electric motor driving the compressor. In the case of submerged motor heat pumps of the type described in the patent application above, it is not possible to complete the overheating in this way and it is therefore necessary to do working a larger part of the evaporator as a superheater, which is very disadvantageous since the exchange surfaces of the evaporator are efficient only when the secondary fluid - that is to say the refrigerant - is in the form liquid. On the other hand, several solutions have been proposed making it possible to vaporize the refrigerating liquid part before its introduction into the compressor, in particular in the case where the evaporator works without overheating. This is for example the embodiment described in German patent 3,206,967 which plans to control the supply of the evaporator by a float expansion valve controlled as a function of a level of refrigerant taken downstream of the evaporator. Such an embodiment then requires vaporization of the refrigerant which is produced, in the case of this German patent 3,206,967, by a liquid-gas heat exchanger in which the gas is the exhaust gas of the compressor drive motor.

L'objet de la présente invention est donc de prévoir un procédé qui permette d'obtenir une surchauffe de la partie gazeuse du fluide frigorigène sans diminution des performances de l'évaporateur, dans le cas d'une pompe à chaleur dont le compresseur est entraîné par un moteur thermique. En outre, ce procédé permet en même temps de refroidir la vapeur d'eau contenue dans le gaz d'échappement du moteur et de la condenser.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method which makes it possible to obtain overheating of the gaseous part of the refrigerant without reducing the performance of the evaporator, in the case of a heat pump whose compressor is driven. by a heat engine. In addition, this process makes it possible at the same time to cool the water vapor contained in the engine exhaust gas and to condense it.

Un second objet de l'invention est un dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, ce dispositif étant facilement adaptable aux installations existantes.A second object of the invention is a device for implementing this method, this device being easily adaptable to existing installations.

Le premier objet est atteint en ce que l'invention prévoit un procédé de surchauffe d'un fluide frigorigène gazeux avant son introduction dans le compresseur d'une pompe à chaleur thermique, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise l'énergie thermique résiduelle les gaz d'échappement dudit moteur thermique pour effectuer la surchauffe.The first object is achieved in that the invention provides a process for overheating a gaseous refrigerant before its introduction into the compressor of a thermal heat pump, characterized in that the residual thermal energy is used. exhaust gas from said heat engine to effect overheating.

Selon ce procédé, un échange thermique a lieu entre la totalité des gaz d'échappement et ledit fluide dans une zone située à proximité immédiate du compresseur.According to this method, a heat exchange takes place between all of the exhaust gases and said fluid in an area located in the immediate vicinity of the compressor.

Le second objet est atteint en ce que l'invention prévoit un dispositif comportant un échangeur thermique permettant un échange entre le fluide frigorigène et les gaz d'échappement et comportant une zone d'accélération dudit fluide frigorigène gazeux.The second object is achieved in that the invention provides a device comprising a heat exchanger allowing an exchange between the refrigerant and the exhaust gases and comprising an acceleration zone of said gaseous refrigerant.

De préférence, cet échangeur est contenu dans une bouteille anti-coups située en amont du compresseur.Preferably, this exchanger is contained in an anti-blow bottle located upstream of the compressor.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention, l'échangeur utilise comme surface d'échange l'enveloppe de ladite bouteille anti-coups.According to a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, the exchanger uses as an exchange surface the envelope of said anti-blow bottle.

Selon une caractéristique complémentaire, ladite enveloppe est cylindrique d'axe vertical, fermée à ses deux extrémités.According to an additional characteristic, said envelope is cylindrical with a vertical axis, closed at its two ends.

L'extrémité supérieure est munie d'une tubulure d'admission et d'une tubulure de sortie. Cette dernière comporte une partie inférieure qui a la forme d'un U dont la première branche est ouverte à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe et située sensiblement en vis-à-vis de la tubulure d'admission et dont la seconde branche est reliée à une partie supérieure verticale débouchant à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe. Selon l'invention, cette bouteille anti-coups comporte une jupe interne cylindrique fermée dans son extrémité supérieure qui est située entre la tubulure d'admission et la première extrémité de la partie inférieure de la tubulure de sortie. Elle est en outre munie d'un orifice pour le passage de la partie supérieure de la tubulure de sortie.The upper end is fitted with an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The latter has a lower part which has the shape of a U, the first branch of which is open inside the envelope and situated substantially opposite the intake manifold and the second branch of which is connected to a vertical upper part opening to the outside of the envelope. According to the invention, this impact-resistant bottle has a cylindrical internal skirt closed in its upper end which is located between the intake manifold and the first end of the lower part of the outlet manifold. It is also provided with an orifice for the passage of the upper part of the outlet pipe.

De préférence, l'extrémité inférieure de la jupe est ouverte dans sa totalité et elle est située à un niveau supérieur à l'extrémité de la partie inférieure de ladite tubulure de sortie, qui peut comporter un ou plusieurs orifices latéraux, situés dans la partie inférieure du U.Preferably, the lower end of the skirt is open in its entirety and it is located at a level higher than the end of the lower part of said outlet pipe, which may have one or more lateral orifices, located in the part lower of U.

Selon une caractéristique complémentaire de l'invention l'enveloppe cylindrique de la bouteille anti-coups est entourée d'une enveloppe extérieure cylindrique, comportant une tubulure d'admission des gaz d'échappement et une tubulure de sortie.According to a complementary characteristic of the invention, the cylindrical envelope of the anti-blow bottle is surrounded by a cylindrical outer envelope, comprising an intake manifold for the exhaust gases and an outlet manifold.

De préférence, ladite enveloppe extérieure entoure l'extrémité inférieure de la bouteille anti-coups.Preferably, said outer envelope surrounds the lower end of the anti-blow bottle.

Ainsi, le dispositif et le procédé selon l'invention permettent d'effectuer une surchauffe de la part gazeuse du fluide frigorifique ce qui entraîne une augmentation du C.O.P. et de la puissance de la pompe à chaleur liée à une meilleure utilisation de l'évaporateur. De plus, on autorise par là un refroidissement des gaz d'échappement jusqu'à une température pouvant atteindre 30 ou 40°C avec une condensation pratiquement totale de la vapeur d'eau et une réduction du bruit.Thus, the device and the method according to the invention make it possible to overheat the gaseous part of the refrigerating fluid which results in an increase in the C.O.P. and the power of the heat pump linked to better use of the evaporator. In addition, this allows cooling of the exhaust gases to a temperature of up to 30 or 40 ° C with almost complete condensation of the water vapor and a reduction in noise.

Mais d'autres caractéristiques, ainsi que les avantages, de l'invention, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation, faite d'une manière illustrative en référence aux dessins annexes dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une coupe latérale d'un dispositif selon l'invention
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe horizontale de la figure 1
  • - la figure 3 est une vue d'une installation comportant un dispositif selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 4 est une coupe latérale d'un second mode de réalisation selon l'invention
  • - la figure 5 est une coupe selon l'axe VV de la figure 4.
However, other characteristics, as well as the advantages, of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an embodiment, given in an illustrative manner with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a side section of a device according to the invention
  • - Figure 2 is a horizontal section of Figure 1
  • - Figure 3 is a view of an installation comprising a device according to the invention.
  • - Figure 4 is a side section of a second embodiment according to the invention
  • - Figure 5 is a section along the axis VV of Figure 4.

La bouteille anti-coups (1) représentée figure 1 comporte une enveloppe cylindrique (2) constituée par une paroi latérale (3) et, une extrémité inférieure (4) et une extrémité supérieure (5). Les deux extrémités (4) et (5) sont des calottes sphériques.The anti-blow bottle (1) shown in FIG. 1 comprises a cylindrical envelope (2) constituted by a side wall (3) and, a lower end (4) and an upper end (5). The two ends (4) and (5) are spherical caps.

L'extrémité supérieure (5) est munie d'une tubulure d'admission (6) et d'une tubulure de sortie (7). La tubulure d'admission (6) débouche légèrement en deça de l'extrémité (5) à laquelle elle est soudée en (12).The upper end (5) is provided with an inlet manifold (6) and an outlet manifold (7). The intake manifold (6) opens slightly below the end (5) at which it is welded in (12).

La tubulure de sortie (7) comporte une partie supérieure cylindrique (8) qui débouche à l'extérieur et une partie inférieure (9) qui a la forme d'un U. La branche (10) du U est située sensiblement en vis-à-vis de la tubulure (6) mais débouche à un niveau nettement inférieur. L'extrémité (11) est reliée à la partie supérieure cylindrique (8).The outlet pipe (7) has a cylindrical upper part (8) which opens to the outside and a lower part (9) which has the shape of a U. The branch (10) of the U is located substantially opposite opposite the tubing (6) but opens at a much lower level. The end (11) is connected to the cylindrical upper part (8).

Une jupe interne (15) est placée à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (2). Elle comporte une paroi latérale (16) et une paroi supérieure (17) munie d'un orifice (18) pour le passage du tube (8). La jupe (15) et l'enveloppe (2) définissent un volume annulaire (20), un dôme supérieur (27) et un dôme inférieur (26).An internal skirt (15) is placed inside the envelope (2). It comprises a side wall (16) and an upper wall (17) provided with an orifice (18) for the passage of the tube (8). The skirt (15) and the envelope (2) define an annular volume (20), an upper dome (27) and a lower dome (26).

Deux séries de trois plots de centrage (22), (23), (24) maintiennent constant l'écartement entre la jupe (15) et l'enveloppe (2). La totalité de la partie inférieure de la jupe est ouverte. Elle est située à un niveau légèrement supérieur à celui de la partie basse de la branche horizontale du U.Two series of three centering pads (22), (23), (24) keep the spacing between the skirt (15) and the casing (2) constant. The entire lower part of the skirt is open. It is located at a level slightly higher than that of the lower part of the horizontal branch of the U.

Une enveloppe extérieure (30) entoure l'ensemble. Elle est reliée à la partie supérieure de la paroi latérale (13) de l'enveloppe (2) par une couronne annulaire (31). Elle comporte une tubulure (32) d'admission et une tubulure (33) de sortie pour les gaz d'échappement en provenance du moteur d'entraînement du compresseur. L'enveloppe (30) et l'enveloppe (2) définissent un volume annulaire externe (35) et un dôme externe inférieur (36). L'écartement entre les deux enveloppes est maintenu par la série de plots de centrage (37), (38), (39).An outer envelope (30) surrounds the assembly. It is connected to the upper part of the side wall (13) of the envelope (2) by an annular ring (31). It includes an intake manifold (32) and an outlet manifold (33) for the exhaust gases from the compressor drive motor. The envelope (30) and the envelope (2) define an external annular volume (35) and a lower external dome (36). The spacing between the two envelopes is maintained by the series of centering studs (37), (38), (39).

Le dispositif (1) selon l'invention est mis en place dans une pompe à chaleur telle que schématisée sur la figure 3 dans laquelle on a représenté l'évaporateur (40) le compresseur (41) le condenseur (42) et le détendeur (46), le compresseur (41) est entraîné en rotation par le moteur thermique (43) dont les gaz d'échappement sont envoyés dans la tubulure (32) par la canalisation (33). Le dispositif d'entraînement du compresseur est représenté en (45). Le détendeur (46) est un détendeur thermostatique à égalisation de pression externe. Il est réglé en fonction d'un T de façon à permettre une surchauffe du fluide frigorifique dans l'évaporateur.The device (1) according to the invention is placed in a heat pump as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 in which the evaporator (40), the compressor (41), the condenser (42) and the pressure reducer ( 46), the compressor (41) is rotated by the heat engine (43) whose exhaust gases are sent into the pipe (32) through the pipe (33). The compressor drive is shown in (45). The regulator (46) is a thermostatic regulator with external pressure equalization. It is adjusted according to a T so as to allow the refrigerant in the evaporator to overheat.

Ce dispositif fonctionne de la manière suivante : en régime normal, c'est-à-dire en dehors des régimes transitoires le gaz frigorigène passe, en sortant de l'évaporateur,dans la bouteille anti-coups (1) où il est surchauffé avant d'être introduit dans le compresseur (41).This device works in the following way: in normal mode, that is to say outside of transient modes the refrigerant gas passes, leaving the evaporator, in the anti-blow bottle (1) where it is overheated before to be introduced into the compressor (41).

En se référant à la figure 1 on voit que le gaz est introduit dans le dôme supérieur (21) puis dans le volume annulaire (20) qui constitue la zone d'échange avec le gaz d'échappement introduit par la tubulure (32), les deux gaz étant séparés par l'enveloppe (2) de la bouteille anti-coups, qui constitue ainsi la surface d'échange de l'échangeur. Il est à noter que le volume annulaire (20) constitue une zone d'accélération ou la vitesse du gaz devient suffisante pour obtenir l'échange thermique recherché, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans les bouteilles anti-coups de l'art antérieur qui ne sont pas munies de jupe intérieure. Pendant ce régime normal, la surchauffe du gaz permet de le débarrasser des fines goute- lettes de liquide qu'il contient.Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the gas is introduced into the upper dome (21) and then into the annular volume (20) which constitutes the zone of exchange with the exhaust gas introduced by the pipe (32), the two gases being separated by the envelope (2) of the anti-blow bottle, which thus constitutes the exchange surface of the exchanger. It should be noted that the annular volume (20) constitutes an acceleration zone where the speed of the gas becomes sufficient to obtain the desired heat exchange, contrary to what happens in the anti-blow bottles of the prior art which do not have an inner skirt. During this normal regime, the gas overheats to rid it of the fine droplets of liquid it contains.

En régime transitoire, il peut se faire que le gaz introduit dans le dispositif soit mélangé à une certaine quantité de gaz liquifié. Cette portion liquide est recueillie d'une manière classique en fond de bouteille où elle est peut être évaporé par entraînement dans la phase gazeuse à travers les orifices (51).Under transient conditions, it may happen that the gas introduced into the device is mixed with a certain quantity of liquefied gas. This liquid portion is collected in a conventional manner at the bottom of the bottle where it can be evaporated by entrainment in the gas phase through the orifices (51).

Les gaz d'échappement sont introduits par la tubulure (32) dans le dôme (36) puis recueillis en partie haute par la tubulure (33). Les tubulures (33) et (32) sont tangentielles par rapport à l'enveloppe extérieure.The exhaust gases are introduced through the tubing (32) into the dome (36) and then collected in the upper part by the tubing (33). Tubing (33) and (32) are tangential to the outer casing.

Ainsi qu'indiqué plus haut, le dispositif selon l'invention, et en particulier celui représenté figure 1, présente l'avantage de refroidir les gaz d'échappement et condenser les vapeurs qui s'y trouvent. A cet effet, le dispositif représenté figure 1 comporte une tubulure (60) d'évacuation des condensats.As indicated above, the device according to the invention, and in particular that shown in FIG. 1, has the advantage of cooling the exhaust gases and condensing the vapors therein. To this end, the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises a tube (60) for discharging the condensates.

On a représenté sur les figures 4 et 5 une variante de réalisation de la bouteille anti-coups selon l'invention. Elle comporte, d'une manière habituelle une enveloppe cylindrique (2) et une tubulure (7) de sortie du gaz frigorifique comportant une première branche (8), verticale, une partie centrale en U (9) et une deuxième branche verticale (10). Un tube de circulation (50) des gaz chauds en provenance du moteur traverse de part en part l'enveloppe cylindrique, selon son axe vertical, l'orifice d'entrée (51) étant située en partie inférieure (52).There is shown in Figures 4 and 5 an alternative embodiment of the anti-blow bottle according to the invention. It usually comprises a cylindrical casing (2) and a refrigerant gas outlet pipe (7) comprising a first vertical branch (8), a central U-shaped part (9) and a second vertical branch (10 ). A circulation tube (50) of hot gases from the engine passes right through the cylindrical envelope, along its vertical axis, the inlet orifice (51) being located in the lower part (52).

L'introduction du gaz frigorifique se fait par la conduite annulaire (55) définie par le tube (56) qui entoure le tube (50) de circulation des gaz chauds. Le tube (56) est muni en partie supérieure d'une tubulure d'admission (60) située à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe (2) et ouvert dans son extrémité inférieure (61) à un niveau inférieur au niveau inférieur de la partie centrale en U de la tubulure (7).The refrigerating gas is introduced via the annular pipe (55) defined by the tube (56) which surrounds the tube (50) for circulation of the hot gases. The tube (56) is provided in the upper part with an intake manifold (60) situated outside the casing (2) and open in its lower end (61) at a level below the lower level of the central U-shaped part of the tubing (7).

Le tube (50) de circulation des gaz d'échappement est muni dans son extrémité inférieure (52) d'un orifice (65) d'évacuation des condensats.The exhaust gas circulation tube (50) is provided in its lower end (52) with an orifice (65) for discharging the condensates.

Ce dispositif fonctionne d'une manière similaire à. celui représenté aux figures 1 à 3. La paroi d'échange thermique gaz-gaz est constituée par la paroi du tube (50) située en vis-à-vis du tube (56) alors que la zone annulaire d'accélération du gaz est définie par le tube (50) de circulation des gaz chauds et par le tube (56) d'introduction du gaz frigorifique.This device works in a similar way to. that shown in Figures 1 to 3. The gas-gas heat exchange wall is formed by the wall of the tube (50) located opposite the tube (56) while the annular gas acceleration zone is defined by the tube (50) for circulation of the hot gases and by the tube (56) for introducing the refrigerating gas.

Mais l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits. Elle en englobe au contraire toutes les variantes,en particulier, en ce qui concerne la forme de la bouteille anti-coups qui peut, par exemple, être un système à capillaire.However, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. On the contrary, it encompasses all variants, in particular, with regard to the shape of the anti-blow bottle which can, for example, be a capillary system.

Claims (13)

1- Procédé de surchauffe d'un fluide frigorigène gazeux contenant de fines particules liquides avant son introduction dans le compresseur d'une pompe à chaleur à moteur thermique, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise l'énergie thermique des gaz d'échappement dudit moteur thermique pour effectuer la surchauffe de la part gazeuse dudit fluide.1- A method of overheating a gaseous refrigerant containing fine liquid particles before its introduction into the compressor of a heat pump with an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of the said gas is used internal combustion engine for overheating the gaseous portion of said fluid. 2- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit fluide frigorigène gazeux est mis en situation d'échange thermique avec la totalité des gaz d'échappement dans une zone située à proximité immédiate du compresseur.2- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said gaseous refrigerant is placed in a heat exchange situation with all of the exhaust gases in an area located in the immediate vicinity of the compressor. 3- Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un échangeur thermique (20) permettant un échange thermique entre ledit fluide frigorigène gazeux et les gaz d'échappement du moteur thermique (43), et comportant une zone d'accélération dudit fluide frigorigène gazeux.3- Device for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a heat exchanger (20) allowing a heat exchange between said gaseous refrigerant and the exhaust gases of the heat engine (43), and comprising an acceleration zone of said gaseous refrigerant. 4- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur thermique (20) est contenu dans une bouteille anti-coups (1) située en amont du compresseur (41).4- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat exchanger (20) is contained in an anti-blow bottle (1) located upstream of the compressor (41). 5- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur thermique comporte une paroi d'échange constituée par l'enveloppe extérieure (12) de ladite bouteille anti-coups.5- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat exchanger comprises an exchange wall formed by the outer casing (12) of said anti-blow bottle. 6- Dispositif selon la revendication 5 dans lequel l'enveloppe extérieure de la bouteille anti-coups est cylindrique,d'axe vertical et fermée à ses deux extrémités, l'extrémité supérieure étant munie d'une tubulure d'admission (6) et d'une tubulure de sortie (7), la tubulure de sortie comportant une partie inférieure ayant la forme d'un U dont une première branche est ouverte (10) à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe et située sensiblement en vis-à-vis de la tubulure d'admission et dont la seconde branche (11) est reliée à une partie supérieure verticale débouchant à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe entoure une jupe interne (15), cylindrique fermée dans son extrémité supérieure, ladite extrémité étant située entre la tubulure d'admission et la première extrémité de la partie inférieure de la tubulure de sortie et étant munie d'un orifice pour le passage de la partie supérieure de ladite tubulure de sortie.6- Device according to claim 5 wherein the outer casing of the anti-blow bottle is cylindrical, of vertical axis and closed at its two ends, the upper end being provided with an intake manifold (6) and an outlet pipe (7), the outlet pipe comprising a lower part having the shape of a U, a first branch of which is open (10) inside said envelope and situated substantially opposite of the intake manifold and the second branch (11) of which is connected to a vertical upper part opening onto the outside of the envelope, characterized in that said envelope surrounds an internal skirt (15), cylindrical closed in its upper end, said end being located between the intake manifold and the first end of the lower part of the outlet pipe and being provided with an orifice for the passage of the upper part of said outlet pipe. 7- Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité inférieure de la jupe (15) est ouverte dans sa totalité et située à un niveau légèrement supérieur à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie inférieure de ladite tubulure de sortie.7- Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower end of the skirt (15) is open in its entirety and located at a level slightly higher than the lower end of the lower part of said outlet pipe. 8- Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe cylindrique (2) de la bouteille anti-coups est entourée d'une enveloppe extérieure (30) cylindrique comportant, en partie basse, une tubulure (32) pour l'admission des gaz d'échappement et, en partie haute, une tubulure (33) pour la sortie desdits gaz.8- Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cylindrical envelope (2) of the anti-shock bottle is surrounded by an outer cylindrical envelope (30) comprising, in the lower part, a tube (32) for the intake of exhaust gases and, in the upper part, a pipe (33) for the outlet of said gases. 9- Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe extérieure entoure aussi l'extrémité inférieure de l'enveloppe de la bouteille anti-coups.9- Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer envelope also surrounds the lower end of the envelope of the anti-blow bottle. LO- Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe extérieure comporte une tubulure (60) de récupération des condensats.LO- Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer casing comprises a tube (60) for recovering condensates. 11- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'enveloppe extérieure de la bouteille anti-coups (1) est cylindrique d'axe vertical et fermée à ses deux extrémités, l'extrémité supérieure étant munie d'une tubulure de sortie (7) du fluide frigorigène, ladite tubulure de sortie comprenant une partie inférieure ayant la forme d'un U dont une première branche (10) est ouverte à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe et dont la seconde branche (11) est reliée à une partie supérieure verticale débouchant à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un tube (50) de circulation des gaz chauds traversant ladite bouteille selon son axe vertical, ledit tube étant entouré par un tube d'introduction du fluide frigorigène gazeux muni d'une tubulure d'admission située à l'extérieure de ladite bouteille et ouvert, à son extrémité inférieure, à l'intérieur de l'enceinte.11- Device according to claim 4, wherein the outer casing of the anti-blow bottle (1) is cylindrical with a vertical axis and closed at its two ends, the upper end being provided with an outlet pipe (7 ) of the refrigerant, said outlet pipe comprising a lower part having the shape of a U of which a first branch (10) is open inside said casing and whose second branch (11) is connected to an upper part vertical opening to the outside of the envelope, characterized in that it comprises a tube (50) for circulation of hot gases passing through said bottle along its vertical axis, said tube being surrounded by a tube for introducing the gaseous refrigerant provided with an intake manifold located on the outside of said bottle and open, at its lower end, inside the enclosure. 12-Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le tube (56) d'introduction de fluide gazeux frigorigène est ouvert à son extrémité inférieure, à un niveau légèrement inférieur au niveau inférieur de la partie inférieure de la tubulure (7) de sortie du fluide frigorigène.12-Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tube (56) for introducing gaseous refrigerant is open at its lower end, at a level slightly lower than the lower level of the lower part of the tubing (7) refrigerant outlet. 13-Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le tube (50) de circulation des gaz chauds comporte un orifice (65) d'évacuation des condensats.13-Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tube (50) for circulation of hot gases comprises an orifice (65) for discharging the condensates.
EP84401814A 1983-09-16 1984-09-13 Method and device for overheating a refrigerant Withdrawn EP0143013A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8314795A FR2552212B1 (en) 1983-09-16 1983-09-16 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OVERHEATING A REFRIGERATION FLUID
FR8314795 1983-09-16

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EP0143013A2 true EP0143013A2 (en) 1985-05-29
EP0143013A3 EP0143013A3 (en) 1986-01-08

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US (1) US4653282A (en)
EP (1) EP0143013A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS6091164A (en)
ES (1) ES8603059A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2552212B1 (en)
PT (1) PT79198B (en)

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PT79198A (en) 1984-10-01
ES535815A0 (en) 1985-12-01
FR2552212B1 (en) 1986-03-21
PT79198B (en) 1986-07-17
EP0143013A3 (en) 1986-01-08
JPS6091164A (en) 1985-05-22
ES8603059A1 (en) 1985-12-01
US4653282A (en) 1987-03-31
FR2552212A1 (en) 1985-03-22

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