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EP0033787B1 - Self-regulating open fire-place - Google Patents

Self-regulating open fire-place Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033787B1
EP0033787B1 EP80200800A EP80200800A EP0033787B1 EP 0033787 B1 EP0033787 B1 EP 0033787B1 EP 80200800 A EP80200800 A EP 80200800A EP 80200800 A EP80200800 A EP 80200800A EP 0033787 B1 EP0033787 B1 EP 0033787B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
self
regulating
flap valve
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200800A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0033787A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Driesmans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Warmeluchtcentrale Wlc Pvba Dite Ste
Original Assignee
Warmeluchtcentrale Wlc Pvba Dite Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE2/58400A external-priority patent/BE881664A/en
Application filed by Warmeluchtcentrale Wlc Pvba Dite Ste filed Critical Warmeluchtcentrale Wlc Pvba Dite Ste
Priority to AT80200800T priority Critical patent/ATE5744T1/en
Publication of EP0033787A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033787A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033787B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033787B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/189—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers 
    • F24B1/1895—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers  flue-gas control dampers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-regulating open hearth and more particularly to an open corner hearth, to a hearth which is open on three sides and to a hearth which is open only on one side.
  • Known open fireplaces include a fixed hood which constitutes the upper part of the hearth and is intended for evacuating the smoke gases from the hearth towards the chimney and a valve for regulating and closing the passage opening of said chimney. It is also known to provide an air passage in the base of the open hearth for the suction of primary air.
  • the present invention proposes to solve this problem effectively, both for fireplaces open on three sides, as for corner fireplaces and for fireplaces that are open only on one side.
  • the open hearth according to the invention comprises a fixed hood and a movable hood which pivots inside the first.
  • the latter can be rotated relative to the fixed hood, so that a passage is created which can be modified between said fixed and mobile hoods.
  • a suitable device or a handle it is possible to adjust the movable hood relative to the fixed hood and simultaneously adjust the chimney shutter valve. In this way we determine the size of the passage through which the flue gases reach the chimney and a balance is established between the passage created between the fixed and movable hoods and the passage to the chimney, at least in the part where the fireplace is effectively open (partial periphery of the hoods).
  • This balance is maintained by the fact that these two passages act one on the other either in opposition or in the same direction, so that the flow of smoke gases towards the chimney is determined according to the importance fire.
  • This passage ensures that a regular air curtain is formed wherever the fireplace is actually open.
  • This air curtain ensures that the smoke gases cannot escape to the bedroom or to the living space, enclosing the open hearth, so to speak.
  • This air curtain replaces the mass of the air ballast which is used in usual open fireplaces, as protection against the backflow of smoke.
  • the purpose of this air curtain is also that the chimney is maintained at the required vacuum and that the correct flue gas flow is ensured. This is why it is necessary to limit the combustion air by means of an opening provided in the base of the hearth in order to be able to correctly regulate the air flow under fire.
  • a detail of the invention consists in the fact that the handle with the aid of which the position of the movable hood is adjusted relative to the fixed hood is constituted by an arm which oscillates in a vertical plane and which simultaneously adjusts the position the chimney closing valve and that of the movable hood and which therefore also regulates the passage of smoke gases.
  • the position will be determined in accordance with the characteristics of the chimney.
  • the open hearth essentially consists of a fixed hood 1, which has the general shape of a truncated cone.
  • the hood 1 constitutes an element which is connected from below to the other elements of the open hearth and which opens at its upper part into the evacuation duct of the chimney.
  • a mobile hood 2 which at the rear (on the right in Figures 1 and 2) is supported on a support 3 and has a slot 4 at the front which exceeds the end 5 'of an arm 5.
  • This end 5' has a series of teeth 6 for the adjustment of the movable hood which during its movement pivots around the support 3.
  • the end 5 'of the arm 5 pivots about an axis 7 which rests in a notch of two plates 8, which are fixed on the inner side to the fixed hood.
  • the arm 5 has an extension 9 with pivot axis 10 around which a rod 12 is pivotally connected.
  • the other end of the rod 12 is pivotally connected to a valve 13, which is pivotally mounted using the ends of the axis 13 'in two bearings which form part of the movable hood 2.
  • the extension 9 of the arm 5 comprises an eyelet 14 into which a hook or any other suitable means can be introduced for the adjustment of the lifting mechanism, constituted by the arm 5 with extension 9, the axes 7, 10 and 11 and the rod 12, which is intended for simultaneous movement of the valve 13 and of the movable hood 2.
  • the movable hood 2 has a flange 15 directed inwards, against which the valve 13 comes to bear in its closed position.
  • the hood 2 With a view to obtaining on the front side (on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2) an optimum passage 16 between the fixed hood 1 and the movable hood 2, the hood 2 has an edge 17 directed upwards which, in the position of the hood is open approximately parallel to the edge 18 directed upwards of the fixed hood 1 (fig. 2).
  • the folded edge 19 of the movable hood 2 presses against the lower edge 20 of the fixed hood 1.
  • the toothed end 5 ′ of the arm 5 is rotated in the slot 4 of the movable hood 2.
  • the open hearth according to the invention operates with a static self-regulating effect.
  • the smoke from the open hearth is not only evacuated towards the chimney by the usual evacuation opening, but also by the narrowed passage between the fixed hood 1 and the mobile hood 2.
  • the narrowing of the exhaust opening increases the speed of the gases in the circular passage between said hoods.
  • the movable hood 2 pivots at its rear part relative to the fixed hood 1, so that an additional passage for the burnt gases is created on three sides, and this following that the open hearth is open along one, two or three sides, but never along the rear side of the open hearth.
  • along three sides is meant an arc of approximately 270 °.
  • the required air is therefore extracted from the living space over a given length of the mobile and fixed hoods which corresponds roughly to the 270 ° in question.
  • the air which is drawn into the living space acts on the regulation of the chimney, while it is prevented that this air does not take part in the combustion process, because this air is directly evacuated towards the chimney by the passage in question.
  • open fireplaces which are equipped with a self-regulating system as well as an air intake grille balanced in the base of the open hearth in accordance with the invention have an air consumption which is situated on average about a quarter of that of usual stoves, while fuel consumption is generally reduced to less than 50%.
  • the section of the chimney may be smaller on average by around 20% than what is normally expected.
  • the combustion process is better regulated by alternating intake and braking of the primary air. This is how the effect on the fire of the depression in the chimney is neutralized and the fire can be adjusted by admitting more or less primary air to combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a self-regulating open fireplace and more particularly a corner open fireplace, a fireplace which is open on three sides and a fireplace which is open upon one side only. In the fixed hood of the fireplace there is fitted a hinging movable hood of truncated cone shape of which, in one position, the bottom contour is in contact with the bottom contour of the fixed hood, and in a hinged position, a continuous passage is formed between the two hoods so as to create an air curtain in front of the open fireplace and to extract all excess smoke gasses, whereas means are provided between the movable hood and a flap valve mounted in the movable hood for adjusting the passage opening of the chimney, in view of the simultaneous control of the movable hood and of the flap valve.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à un foyer ouvert autorégulateur et plus particulièrement à un foyer ouvert de coin, à un foyer se trouvant ouvert sur trois côtés et à un foyer qui n'est ouvert que d'un seul côté.The invention relates to a self-regulating open hearth and more particularly to an open corner hearth, to a hearth which is open on three sides and to a hearth which is open only on one side.

Les foyers ouverts connus comportent une hotte fixe qui constitue la partie supérieure du foyer et est destinée à évacuer les gaz de fumée du foyer vers la cheminée et un clapet de régulation et d'obturation de l'ouverture de passage de ladite cheminée. Il est également connu de prévoir un passage d'air dans le socle du foyer ouvert en vue de l'aspiration de l'air primaire.Known open fireplaces include a fixed hood which constitutes the upper part of the hearth and is intended for evacuating the smoke gases from the hearth towards the chimney and a valve for regulating and closing the passage opening of said chimney. It is also known to provide an air passage in the base of the open hearth for the suction of primary air.

De multiples solutions ont déjà été proposées en vue de réaliser une économie de combustible et d'obtenir un procédé économique de combustion et de chauffage. Dans les foyers ouverts le problème principal qui se pose est la consommation excessive du surplus d'air. Cet air de combustion qui est soutirée au local d'habitation assure une combustion trop rapide du combustible et une consommation excessive d'air. Il s'ensuit que le rendement du combustible consommé est insuffisant, que le débit des gaz évacués par la cheminée est beaucoup trop important et que sa teneur en C02 est de ce fait trop faible.Multiple solutions have already been proposed in order to save fuel and obtain an economical combustion and heating process. The main problem in open fireplaces is the excessive consumption of excess air. This combustion air which is withdrawn from the living room ensures that the fuel burns too quickly and consumes excessive air. It follows that the efficiency of the fuel consumed is insufficient, that the flow rate of the gases evacuated through the chimney is much too great and that its C0 2 content is therefore too low.

La présente invention se propose de résoudre ce problème de manière efficace et ce tant pour les foyers ouverts sur trois côtés, que pour les foyers de coin et pour les foyers qui ne sont ouverts que sur une seule face.The present invention proposes to solve this problem effectively, both for fireplaces open on three sides, as for corner fireplaces and for fireplaces that are open only on one side.

Dans ce but, le foyer ouvert suivant l'invention comporte une hotte fixe et une hotte mobile qui pivote à l'intérieur de la première. Cette dernière peut subir une rotation par rapport à la hotte fixe, de manière qu'il se crée un passage qui peut être modifié entre lesdites hottes fixe et mobile. A l'aide d'un dispositif approprié ou d'une poignée il est possible de régler la hotte mobile par rapport à la hotte fixe et de régler simultanément le clapet d'obturation de la cheminée. De cette manière on détermine la grandeur du passage par lequel les gaz de fumée atteignent la cheminée et il s'établit un équilibre entre le passage créé entre les hottes fixe et mobile et le passage vers la cheminée et ce pour le moins dans la partie où le foyer est effectivement ouvert (périphérie partielle des hottes). Cet équilibre est maintenu par le fait que ces deux passages agissent l'un sur l'autre soit en opposition, soit dans le même sens, de telle sorte que le débit des gaz de fumée vers la cheminée est déterminé en fonction de l'importance du feu. Ce passage veille à ce qu'il se forme un rideau d'air régulier et ce partout où le foyer est effectivement ouvert. Ce rideau d'air veille à ce que les gaz de fumée ne puissent s'échapper vers la chambre ou vers l'espace d'habitation, renfermant pour ainsi dire le foyer ouvert. Ce rideau d'air remplace la masse du ballast d'air qui est utilisé dans les foyers ouverts habituels, comme protection contre le refoulement de la fumée. Ce rideau d'air a également pour but que la cheminée soit maintenue à la dépression requise et que le débit correct des gaz de fumée soit assuré. C'est la raison pour laquelle il est nécessaire de limiter l'air de combustion au moyen d'une ouverture prévue dans le socle du foyer pour pouvoir régler correctement le débit d'air sous le feu.For this purpose, the open hearth according to the invention comprises a fixed hood and a movable hood which pivots inside the first. The latter can be rotated relative to the fixed hood, so that a passage is created which can be modified between said fixed and mobile hoods. Using a suitable device or a handle it is possible to adjust the movable hood relative to the fixed hood and simultaneously adjust the chimney shutter valve. In this way we determine the size of the passage through which the flue gases reach the chimney and a balance is established between the passage created between the fixed and movable hoods and the passage to the chimney, at least in the part where the fireplace is effectively open (partial periphery of the hoods). This balance is maintained by the fact that these two passages act one on the other either in opposition or in the same direction, so that the flow of smoke gases towards the chimney is determined according to the importance fire. This passage ensures that a regular air curtain is formed wherever the fireplace is actually open. This air curtain ensures that the smoke gases cannot escape to the bedroom or to the living space, enclosing the open hearth, so to speak. This air curtain replaces the mass of the air ballast which is used in usual open fireplaces, as protection against the backflow of smoke. The purpose of this air curtain is also that the chimney is maintained at the required vacuum and that the correct flue gas flow is ensured. This is why it is necessary to limit the combustion air by means of an opening provided in the base of the hearth in order to be able to correctly regulate the air flow under fire.

Un détail de l'invention consiste dans le fait que la poignée à l'aide de laquelle on règle la position de la hotte mobile par rapport à la hotte fixe est constituée par un bras qui oscille dans un plan vertical et qui règle simultanément la position du clapet de fermeture de la cheminée et celle de la hotte mobile et qui règle donc également le passage des gaz de fumée. La position sera déterminée en conformité avec les caractéristiques de la cheminée.A detail of the invention consists in the fact that the handle with the aid of which the position of the movable hood is adjusted relative to the fixed hood is constituted by an arm which oscillates in a vertical plane and which simultaneously adjusts the position the chimney closing valve and that of the movable hood and which therefore also regulates the passage of smoke gases. The position will be determined in accordance with the characteristics of the chimney.

D'autres détails et caractéristiques seront révélés par la description ci-après d'un foyer ouvert autorégulateur suivant l'invention. La description n'est donnée qu'à titre d'exemple et se réfère aux dessins annexés dans lesquels ;

  • la Figure 1 représente une coupe verticale schématique d'un foyer ouvert avec clapet de cheminée fermé, conformément à l'invention ;
  • la Figure 2 représente une coupe verticale schématique d'un foyer ouvert avec clapet de cheminée ouvert, conformément à l'invention ;
  • la Figure 3 est une vue en plan d'un foyer ouvert suivant l'invention.
Other details and characteristics will be revealed by the following description of a self-regulating open hearth according to the invention. The description is given by way of example only and refers to the accompanying drawings in which;
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic vertical section of an open hearth with closed chimney flap, according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic vertical section of an open hearth with an open chimney flap, according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of an open hearth according to the invention.

Le foyer ouvert suivant l'invention consiste essentiellement en une hotte fixe 1, qui présente la forme générale d'un cône tronqué. La hotte 1 constitue un élément qui se raccorde par le bas aux autres éléments du foyer ouvert et qui débouche à sa partie supérieure dans la gaine d'évacuation de la cheminée. A l'intérieur de cette hotte 1 se trouve montée de manière pivotante une hotte mobile 2 qui à l'arrière (à droite dans les figures 1 et 2) s'appuie sur un support 3 et présente à l'avant une fente 4 par laquelle dépasse l'extrémité 5' d'un bras 5. Cette extrémité 5' comporte une série de dents 6 en vue du réglage de la hotte mobile qui au cours de son mouvement pivote autour du support 3. L'extrémité 5' du bras 5 pivote autour d'un axe 7 qui repose dans une échancrure de deux plaquettes 8, lesquelles se trouvent fixées du côté intérieur à la hotte fixe. Le bras 5 comporte un prolongement 9 avec axe de pivotement 10 autour duquel une tringle 12 se rattache de manière pivotante. L'autre extrémité de la tringle 12 se rattache de manière pivotante à un clapet 13, lequel est monté de manière pivotante à l'aide de bouts d'axe 13' dans deux paliers qui font partie de la hotte mobile 2. Le prolongement 9 du bras 5 comporte un oeillet 14 dans lequel on peut introduire un crochet ou tout autre moyen approprié en vue du réglage du mécanisme de levage, constitué par le bras 5 avec rallonge 9, les axes 7, 10 et 11 et la tringle 12, qui est destinée au déplacement simultané du clapet 13 et de la hotte mobile 2. La hotte mobile 2 comporte un rebord 15 dirigé vers l'intérieur, contre lequel vient s'appliquer le clapet 13 en sa position fermée. En vue d'obtenir du côté avant (à gauche sur les figures 1 et 2) un passage 16 optimum entre la hotte fixe 1 et la hotte mobile 2, la hotte 2 comporte un bord 17 dirigé vers le haut qui, en position d'ouverture de la hotte se présente à peu près parallèlement au bord 18 dirigé vers le haut de la hotte fixe 1 (fig.2). En position de fermeture, le bord rabattu 19 de la hotte mobile 2 s'applique contre le bord inférieur 20 de la hotte fixe 1. En déplaçant I'oeilietl4 dans le sens de la flèche 21 (fig. 1), l'extrémité dentée 5' du bras 5 subit une rotation dans la fente 4 de la hotte mobile 2. Il s'ensuit que le bord supérieur de la fente 4 de la hotte mobile 2 vient s'appliquer sur la dent 6 la plus basse du bras 5, de manière que l'ouverture entre le bord rabattu 19 de la hotte mobile 2 et le bord inférieur 20 de la hotte fixe s'agrandit et que le clapet 13 se place en position verticale ou pratiquement verticale. La fermeture du clapet 13 et le rétrécissement du passage entre le bord 19 de la hotte mobile 2 et le bord inférieur 20 de la hotte fixe 1 se pratiquent dans le sens opposé, suivant la flèche 22 (fig. 2). Le réglage de l'entrée d'air 23 du foyer (fig. 1) s'effectue en déplaçant le tiroir 24 par rapport à la paroi fixe 25, pour obtenir ainsi une ouverture d'air déterminée. La ou les parois montantes 26 et 26' sont prévues sur toutes les faces ouvertes du foyer. On évite ainsi qu'un excédent d'air ne soit aspiré par dessus la plaque de base 27 vers le foyer. L'air qui est admis par les éléments 23-24-25 se répartit sous le foyer et le long d'une grille appropriée 28. C'est ainsi que l'on obtient un équilibre entre le débit de l'alimentation en air primaire et le débit dans les passages de la hotte.The open hearth according to the invention essentially consists of a fixed hood 1, which has the general shape of a truncated cone. The hood 1 constitutes an element which is connected from below to the other elements of the open hearth and which opens at its upper part into the evacuation duct of the chimney. Inside this hood 1 is pivotally mounted a mobile hood 2 which at the rear (on the right in Figures 1 and 2) is supported on a support 3 and has a slot 4 at the front which exceeds the end 5 'of an arm 5. This end 5' has a series of teeth 6 for the adjustment of the movable hood which during its movement pivots around the support 3. The end 5 'of the arm 5 pivots about an axis 7 which rests in a notch of two plates 8, which are fixed on the inner side to the fixed hood. The arm 5 has an extension 9 with pivot axis 10 around which a rod 12 is pivotally connected. The other end of the rod 12 is pivotally connected to a valve 13, which is pivotally mounted using the ends of the axis 13 'in two bearings which form part of the movable hood 2. The extension 9 of the arm 5 comprises an eyelet 14 into which a hook or any other suitable means can be introduced for the adjustment of the lifting mechanism, constituted by the arm 5 with extension 9, the axes 7, 10 and 11 and the rod 12, which is intended for simultaneous movement of the valve 13 and of the movable hood 2. The movable hood 2 has a flange 15 directed inwards, against which the valve 13 comes to bear in its closed position. With a view to obtaining on the front side (on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2) an optimum passage 16 between the fixed hood 1 and the movable hood 2, the hood 2 has an edge 17 directed upwards which, in the position of the hood is open approximately parallel to the edge 18 directed upwards of the fixed hood 1 (fig. 2). In the closed position, the folded edge 19 of the movable hood 2 presses against the lower edge 20 of the fixed hood 1. By moving the eyelet 14 in the direction of the arrow 21 (fig. 1), the toothed end 5 ′ of the arm 5 is rotated in the slot 4 of the movable hood 2. It follows that the upper edge of the slot 4 of the movable hood 2 is applied to the lowest tooth 6 of the arm 5, so that the opening between the folded edge 19 of the movable hood 2 and the lower edge 20 of the fixed hood is enlarged and the valve 13 is placed in a vertical or almost vertical position. The closure of the valve 13 and the narrowing of the passage between the edge 19 of the movable hood 2 and the lower edge 20 of the fixed hood 1 are carried out in the opposite direction, according to arrow 22 (fig. 2). The adjustment of the air inlet 23 of the hearth (fig. 1) is carried out by moving the slide 24 relative to the fixed wall 25, thereby obtaining a determined air opening. The rising wall (s) 26 and 26 'are provided on all the open faces of the hearth. This prevents excess air from being sucked over the base plate 27 towards the hearth. The air which is admitted by the elements 23-24-25 is distributed under the hearth and along an appropriate grid 28. This is how a balance is obtained between the flow of the primary air supply and the flow rate through the hood passages.

De la description donnée ci-dessus il apparaît donc que le foyer ouvert conforme à l'invention fonctionne avec un effet autorégulateur statique. On voit en effet que les gaz de fumée du foyer ouvert sont non seulement évacués vers la cheminée par l'ouverture d'évacuation habituelle, mais également par le passage rétréci entre la hotte fixe 1 et la hotte mobile 2. Le rétrécissement de l'ouverture d'évacuation augmente la vitesse des gaz dans le passage circulaire entre lesdites hottes. De cette manière il se crée une dépression par suite de laquelle de l'air extrait de l'espace d'habitation par ledit passage et les gaz de fumée sont, également grâce à cette dépression et via ledit passage, aspirés du foyer ouvert, afin de stimuler à nouveau la cheminée qui se trouve freinée. Il s'ensuit que tant le freinage que la stimulation dont il est question ci-dessus se répartiront uniformément sur ce passage. Le rideau d'air protégé qui est ainsi réalisé est, contrairement à ce qui a été connu à ce jour, bien plus régulier et homogène. Il en résulte un rendement optimum du combustible utilisé, sans qu'il y ait le danger que le foyer ouvert fume. En fonction de la construction et de la position relative des éléments les uns par rapport aux autres, il existe la possibilité de maintenir le passage des gaz dans l'ouverture d'évacuation et dans le passage circulaire, dans des limites données. Lorsque le foyer ouvert n'est pas en fonctionnement il faudra qu'une fermeture parfaite soit assurée, de sorte qu'il n'y ait pratiquement pas d'air qui soit extrait de l'espace d'habitation. Ainsi qu'il apparaît de la description donnée ci-dessus, la hotte mobile 2 pivote à sa partie arrière par rapport à la hotte fixe 1, de manière qu'un passage supplémentaire pour les gaz brûlés est créé sur trois côtés, et ce suivant que le foyer ouvert soit ouvert le long d'un, de deux ou de trois côtés, mais jamais le long du côté arrière du foyer ouvert. Par l'expression « le long de trois côtés » il faut comprendre un arc de cercle d'approximativement 270°. L'air requis est donc extrait de l'espace d'habitation sur une longueur donnée des hottes mobile et fixe qui correspond à peu près aux 270° en question. L'air qui est soutiré à l'espace d'habitation agit sur la régulation de la cheminée, alors qu'il est empêché que cet air ne prenne part au processus de combustion, du fait que cet air est directement évacué vers la cheminée par le passage en question. Il s'ensuit que les foyers ouverts qui sont équipés d'un système autorégulateur ainsi que d'une grille d'admission d'air en équilibre dans le socle du foyer ouvert conformément à l'invention présentent une consommation d'air qui se situe en moyenne à environ un quart de celle des foyers habituels, tandis que la consommation en combustible se trouve en général réduite à moins de 50 %. La section de la cheminée pourra, dans un tel cas, être plus petite en moyenne d'environ 20 % que ce qui est normalement prévu. Ainsi que stipulé et souligné ci-dessus, le processus de combustion se trouve mieux régulé par une alternance d'admission et de freinage de l'air primaire. C'est ainsi que l'effet sur le feu de la dépression de la cheminée se trouve neutralisé et que le réglage du feu peut s'opérer en admettant plus ou moins d'air primaire à la combustion.From the description given above it therefore appears that the open hearth according to the invention operates with a static self-regulating effect. We see indeed that the smoke from the open hearth is not only evacuated towards the chimney by the usual evacuation opening, but also by the narrowed passage between the fixed hood 1 and the mobile hood 2. The narrowing of the exhaust opening increases the speed of the gases in the circular passage between said hoods. In this way there is created a depression as a result of which air extracted from the living space by said passage and the smoke gases are, also thanks to this depression and via said passage, drawn from the open hearth, so to stimulate again the chimney which is braked. It follows that both the braking and the stimulation mentioned above will be distributed uniformly over this passage. The protected air curtain which is thus produced is, contrary to what has been known to date, much more regular and homogeneous. This results in optimum efficiency of the fuel used, without there being any danger of the open hearth smoking. Depending on the construction and the relative position of the elements with respect to each other, there is the possibility of maintaining the passage of gases in the discharge opening and in the circular passage, within given limits. When the open hearth is not in operation, a perfect closure must be ensured, so that practically no air is extracted from the living space. As appears from the description given above, the movable hood 2 pivots at its rear part relative to the fixed hood 1, so that an additional passage for the burnt gases is created on three sides, and this following that the open hearth is open along one, two or three sides, but never along the rear side of the open hearth. By the expression "along three sides" is meant an arc of approximately 270 °. The required air is therefore extracted from the living space over a given length of the mobile and fixed hoods which corresponds roughly to the 270 ° in question. The air which is drawn into the living space acts on the regulation of the chimney, while it is prevented that this air does not take part in the combustion process, because this air is directly evacuated towards the chimney by the passage in question. It follows that open fireplaces which are equipped with a self-regulating system as well as an air intake grille balanced in the base of the open hearth in accordance with the invention have an air consumption which is situated on average about a quarter of that of usual stoves, while fuel consumption is generally reduced to less than 50%. In this case, the section of the chimney may be smaller on average by around 20% than what is normally expected. As stipulated and underlined above, the combustion process is better regulated by alternating intake and braking of the primary air. This is how the effect on the fire of the depression in the chimney is neutralized and the fire can be adjusted by admitting more or less primary air to combustion.

Claims (8)

1. Self-regulating open fireplace with a fixed hood (1) in truncated cone shape which forms the upper part of the fireplace and serves the purpose of evacuating the smoke gasses from the fireplace to the chimney with a flap valve (13) for regulating and closing the passage opening of aforesaid chimney, characterized by the fact that within the fixed hood (1) there is fitted a hinging movable hood (2) of truncated cone shape, of which in one position, the bottom contour touches the bottom contour of the fixed hood (1), whereas in a hinged position, a continuous passage (16) is formed between the two hoods (1-2) so as to form an air curtain in front of the open fireplace and to extract any excessive smoke gasses, the size of aforesaid passage being determined by the position taken up by the moving hood (2), and that a device (5-12) is provided between the movable hood (3) and 01 the flap valve (13) for adjusting the passage opening of the chimney, for the simultaneous movement of the movable hood (2) and of the flap valve (13).
2. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least at the front side of the hoods (1-2), the walls of the fixed hood (1) and of the movable hood (2) are moving gradually away from each other in the direction of the chimney.
3. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the flap valve (13) for regulating and closing the passage opening of the chimney, is fitted so as to hinge within the movable hood (2).
4. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claims 1 and 3, characterized by the fact that the means for the simultaneous moving of the mobile hood (2), within the fixed hood (1) and of the flap valve (13), consists of a linkage (5-12).
5. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the linkage consists of arm (5) which can swivel in a vertical plane and of which one end pivots around a shaft (7) which is part of the fixed hood (1), this end being provided with teeth (6) and protruding through an opening (4) of the movable hood (2), the latter resting upon aforesaid teeth, the other end of aforesaid arm (5) being pivotally connected to the flap valve (13) by means of a rod (12).
6. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the flap valve (13) is pivotally suspended by means of journals (13') in two bearings which are part of the movable hood (2).
7. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claims 3 and 6, characterized by the fact that the movable hood (2) has an inwardly directed edge (15) against which fits the flap valve (13) when in closed position.
8. Self-regulating open fireplace according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that in view of partially adjusting the combustion capacity, means (23-28) are provided in the base of the open fireplace for adjusting the supply of primary air.
EP80200800A 1980-02-12 1980-08-26 Self-regulating open fire-place Expired EP0033787B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80200800T ATE5744T1 (en) 1980-02-12 1980-08-26 AUTOMATIC FIREPLACE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE58400 1980-02-12
BE2/58400A BE881664A (en) 1980-02-12 1980-02-12 A SELF-ADJUSTING FIREPLACE, IN PARTICULAR A CORNER-FIREPLACE OR A TRI-SIDE OR ONE-SIDED FIREPLACE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033787A1 EP0033787A1 (en) 1981-08-19
EP0033787B1 true EP0033787B1 (en) 1983-12-28

Family

ID=3865493

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200800A Expired EP0033787B1 (en) 1980-02-12 1980-08-26 Self-regulating open fire-place

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Country Link
US (1) US4305378A (en)
EP (1) EP0033787B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE5744T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1144022A (en)
DE (1) DE3066004D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646228B1 (en) * 1989-04-25 1993-11-05 Cheminees Chenaie CHIMNEY PROVIDED WITH A SMOKE TRAP FOR OPERATION OF FIREPLACE IN OPEN DOOR POSITION OR OPEN FIREPLACE
US5009221A (en) * 1990-01-19 1991-04-23 Superior Fireplace Company Adjustable lintel extension for a fireplace
CH696708A5 (en) 2002-02-15 2007-10-15 Niklaus Luethi A process for separating a hearth from the environment through an air curtain and device for carrying out the process.

Citations (2)

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US3762391A (en) * 1971-07-15 1973-10-02 Vega Ind Inc Fireplace unit with controllable heat circulation
US4060068A (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-11-29 Fireplace Corporation Of America Air cooled freestanding fireplace

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US787808A (en) * 1904-10-22 1905-04-18 Charles H Turver Soot-arrester and draft-regulator.
US926048A (en) * 1909-01-02 1909-06-22 Willard R Champion Fireplace-damper.
US1067203A (en) * 1912-12-23 1913-07-08 Ernest Phuller Damper for open grates.
US1080777A (en) * 1913-03-28 1913-12-09 Thomas Podmore Chimney-damper.
US2821975A (en) * 1954-12-31 1958-02-04 Robert K Thulman Fireplace construction
US2854967A (en) * 1956-05-18 1958-10-07 Albert P Robinson Lintel protecting shield for fireplace damper construction
US4233956A (en) * 1978-05-24 1980-11-18 Haynes Freddie J Fireplace system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762391A (en) * 1971-07-15 1973-10-02 Vega Ind Inc Fireplace unit with controllable heat circulation
US4060068A (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-11-29 Fireplace Corporation Of America Air cooled freestanding fireplace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4305378A (en) 1981-12-15
CA1144022A (en) 1983-04-05
ATE5744T1 (en) 1984-01-15
EP0033787A1 (en) 1981-08-19
DE3066004D1 (en) 1984-02-02

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