EP0028376B1 - Electric arc cooling device for switch-gear vents - Google Patents
Electric arc cooling device for switch-gear vents Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0028376B1 EP0028376B1 EP80106532A EP80106532A EP0028376B1 EP 0028376 B1 EP0028376 B1 EP 0028376B1 EP 80106532 A EP80106532 A EP 80106532A EP 80106532 A EP80106532 A EP 80106532A EP 0028376 B1 EP0028376 B1 EP 0028376B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- cooling device
- electric arc
- section
- vents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric arc cooling device for chimneys of breaking devices such as circuit breakers or contractors used for high currents.
- the cooling device must be of good efficiency, that is to say that the gases leaving it must be at the lowest possible temperature in order to minimize the safety space that must always be provided in front of the chimney. .
- the blocks are made of a plastic, thermo-plastic insulating material or of refractory material.
- the cylindrical holes are relatively small in section and this results in a significant pressure drop in the plasma flow and moreover the contact surface between the gases and the insulating parts necessary for cooling is necessarily scaled down.
- the arc extinguishing chambers have thick added cell partitions which are secured by screws and whose dimensions are bulky. .
- the cooling device according to the present invention overcomes these drawbacks. In this one, in fact, the plasma flow is easy although its cooling is made more efficient and the size of the device is reduced to a minimum.
- the present invention relates to an electric arc cooling device for chimneys of breaking devices comprising at least one block, the section of which is crossed by cells, characterized in that the partitions separating said cells are of a thickness less than or equal to one fifth of one of the dimensions on the side of the section of one of said cells.
- FIG. 1 we see a cooling element 1 of refractory material such as ceramic consisting of cells 2 in the form of squares, separated by partitions 3 of very thin thickness, for example, 6/10 of a millimeter.
- the cells 2 have for example 34/10 of a millimeter on the side.
- the dimensions of the thickness of the partitions 3 are in a ratio of less than 0.2 with the dimensions of the side of the cell 2.
- the elements are able to withstand without deterioration the passage of the electric arc which is several thousand degrees centigrade and to absorb the major part of the heat energy of this arc. Due to the small thickness of the partitions 3 and the large section of the cells 2, the plasma flows without significant pressure drop. Indeed in our example for an element 1 of 12 x 50 square millimeters in cross section the total surface of the cells 2 is approximately 400 square millimeters.
- the cells 2 can be triangular (Figure 2) or hexagonal ( Figure 3) provided that the partitions 3 are thin and large void space; the cooling element 1 can be of rectangular or hexagonal section.
- the cooling devices of the invention installed in the chimney of a circuit breaker or a contactor that can operate at voltages of 3000 volts and currents of several thousand amperes make it possible to considerably reduce the size of these devices as well as the safety space at the front of the chimney.
- the applications are in the field of DC or AC circuit breakers which can be used in particular in railway technology.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de refroidissement d'arc électrique pour cheminées d'appareils de coupure tels que des disjoncteurs ou des contracteurs utilisés pour les courants forts.The present invention relates to an electric arc cooling device for chimneys of breaking devices such as circuit breakers or contractors used for high currents.
Dans ce type d'appareils il est connu de souffler l'arc électrique produit lors de la coupure entre des contacts par un champ magnétique afin de le diriger dans la direction d'une cheminée pouvant être en forme de tronc de pyramide terminée par un dispositif de refroidissement. Cette cheminée a pour but d'allonger l'arc électrique et de refroidir les gaz ionisés à haute température de l'arc pour que la conductance diminue jusqu'à provoquer l'extinction.In this type of apparatus it is known to blow the electric arc produced during the cut between contacts by a magnetic field in order to direct it in the direction of a chimney which can be in the form of a trunk of pyramid terminated by a device. cooling. The purpose of this chimney is to lengthen the electric arc and to cool the ionized gases at high temperature of the arc so that the conductance decreases until causing extinction.
Le dispositif de refroidissement doit être de bonne efficacité c'est-à-dire que les gaz qui en sortent doivent être à une température la plus basse possible afin de diminuer au maximum l'espace de sécurité qu'il faut toujours prévoir devant la cheminée. Il existe de nombreux dispositifs de refroidissement ; certains, comme par exemple celui décrit dans le document DE-B-1 291 009, sont réalisés en forme de blocs percés de part en part par une pluralité de trous circulaires aptes à permettre le passage du plasma. Les blocs sont réalisés dans une matière isolante plastique, thermo-plastique ou en matériau réfractaire. Cependant du fait du perçage des blocs réfractaires les trous cylindriques sont relativement de faible section et il en résulte une perte de charge importante dans l'écoulement du plasma et de plus la surface de contact entre les gaz et les parties isolantes nécessaires au refroidissement est forcément réduite. Dans d'autres dispositifs, comme par exemple dans celui décrit dans le document CH-A-337 254, les chambres d'extinction d'arc comportent des cloisons d'alvéoles rapportées épaisses et assujetties au moyen de vis et dont les dimensions sont encombrantes.The cooling device must be of good efficiency, that is to say that the gases leaving it must be at the lowest possible temperature in order to minimize the safety space that must always be provided in front of the chimney. . There are many cooling devices; some, such as that described in document DE-B-1 291 009, are produced in the form of blocks drilled right through by a plurality of circular holes suitable for allowing the passage of the plasma. The blocks are made of a plastic, thermo-plastic insulating material or of refractory material. However due to the drilling of the refractory blocks the cylindrical holes are relatively small in section and this results in a significant pressure drop in the plasma flow and moreover the contact surface between the gases and the insulating parts necessary for cooling is necessarily scaled down. In other devices, such as that described in document CH-A-337 254, the arc extinguishing chambers have thick added cell partitions which are secured by screws and whose dimensions are bulky. .
Le dispositif de refroidissement selon la présente invention remédie à ces inconvénients. Dans celui-ci en effet l'écoulement du plasma est aisé bien que son refroidissement soit rendu plus efficace et l'encombrement du dispositif est réduit au minimum.The cooling device according to the present invention overcomes these drawbacks. In this one, in fact, the plasma flow is easy although its cooling is made more efficient and the size of the device is reduced to a minimum.
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de refroidissement d'arc électrique pour cheminées d'appareils de coupure comportant au moins un bloc dont la section est traversée par des alvéoles caractérisé en ce que les cloisons séparant lesdites alvéoles sont d'une épaisseur inférieure ou égale au cinquième d'une des dimensions du côté de la section d'une desdites alvéoles.The present invention relates to an electric arc cooling device for chimneys of breaking devices comprising at least one block, the section of which is crossed by cells, characterized in that the partitions separating said cells are of a thickness less than or equal to one fifth of one of the dimensions on the side of the section of one of said cells.
Un exemple de mise en oeuvre de la présente invention donné à titre purement illustratif et nullement limitatif va être décrit en référence aux dessins annexés dans lequels
- La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective schématique d'un élément de refroidissement à alvéoles carrées constituant ou appartenant à un dispositif selon l'invention.
- La figure 2 représente une vue en perspective schématique d'un élément de refroidissement à alvéoles triangulaires.
- La figure 3 représente une vue en perspective schématique d'un élément de refroidissement à alvéoles hexagonales.
- La figure 4 une coupe transversale de deux éléments de refroidissement alignés et séparés par un intervalle.
- La figure 5 une coupe transversale de deux éléments de refroidissement décalés séparés par un intervalle.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic perspective view of a cooling element with square cells constituting or belonging to a device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents a schematic perspective view of a cooling element with triangular cells.
- FIG. 3 represents a schematic perspective view of a cooling element with hexagonal cells.
- Figure 4 a cross section of two cooling elements aligned and separated by a gap.
- Figure 5 is a cross section of two offset cooling elements separated by an interval.
Sur la figure 1 on voit un élément de refroidissement 1 en matériau réfractaire tel que la céramique constitué d'alvéoles 2 en forme de carrés, séparés par des cloisons 3 d'épaisseur très fine, par exemple, de 6/10 de millimètre. Les alvéoles 2 ont par exemple 34/10 de millimètre de côté. Ainsi les dimensions de l'épaisseur des cloisons 3 sont dans un rapport inférieur à 0,2 avec les dimensions du côté de l'alvéole 2.In Figure 1 we see a
Les éléments sont aptes à supporter sans détérioration le passage de l'arc électrique qui est à plusieurs milliers de degrés centigrade et à absorber la majeure partie de l'énergie calorifique de cet arc. Du fait de la faible épaisseur des cloisons 3 et de la grande section des alvéoles 2 le plasma s'écoule sans perte de charge importante. En effet dans notre exemple pour un élément 1 de 12 x 50 millimètres carrés de section la surface totale des alvéoles 2 est d'environ 400 millimètres carrés.The elements are able to withstand without deterioration the passage of the electric arc which is several thousand degrees centigrade and to absorb the major part of the heat energy of this arc. Due to the small thickness of the
Les alvéoles 2 peuvent être de forme triangulaire (figure 2) ou hexagonale (figure 3) pourvu que les cloisons 3 soient minces et l'espace vide important ; l'élément 1 de refroidissement peut être de section rectangulaire ou hexagonale.The
Si la température mesurée au thermocouple à l'extrémité d'une cheminée sans élément de refroidissement 1 était d'une unité, cette température n'était plus que de 1/8 lorsqu'un élément de refroidissement 1 de longueur L (pouvant être de 30 millimètres) était disposé à la sortie de la cheminée.If the temperature measured at the thermocouple at the end of a chimney without
Sur la figure 4 on voit deux éléments de refroidissement 10 et 20 de longueur L/2 chacun, disposés à la suite l'un de l'autre selon le même axe avec un espace 30 de 1 centimètre par exemple entre les deux. Dans ce cas la température mesurée après le deuxième élément n'est plus que de 1/32.In Figure 4 we see two
Sur la figure 5 on voit deux éléments de refroidissement 10 et 20 de longueur L/2 chacun séparés par un espace 30 et disposés à la suite l'un de l'autre mais décalés de telle sorte que les cloisons 3 du deuxième élément sont disposées. dans l'alignement du centre des alvéoles du premier élément. Dans ce cas la température mesurée n'est que de 1/64b"'° de la température sans dispositif de refroidissement.In Figure 5 we see two
Les dispositifs de refroidissement de l'invention installés dans la cheminée d'un disjoncteur ou d'un contacteur pouvant fonctionner à des tensions de 3000 volts et des courants de plusieurs milliers d'ampères permettent de réduire considérablement l'encombrement de ces appareils ainsi que l'espace de sécurité à l'avant de la cheminée.The cooling devices of the invention installed in the chimney of a circuit breaker or a contactor that can operate at voltages of 3000 volts and currents of several thousand amperes make it possible to considerably reduce the size of these devices as well as the safety space at the front of the chimney.
Les applications sont du domaine des disjoncteurs à courant continu ou alternatif pouvant être utilisés notamment dans la technique ferroviaire.The applications are in the field of DC or AC circuit breakers which can be used in particular in railway technology.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7927013 | 1979-10-31 | ||
| FR7927013A FR2468987A1 (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | ELECTRIC ARC COOLING DEVICE FOR CHIMNEYS OF CUTTING DEVICES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0028376A1 EP0028376A1 (en) | 1981-05-13 |
| EP0028376B1 true EP0028376B1 (en) | 1985-01-09 |
Family
ID=9231235
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP80106532A Expired EP0028376B1 (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1980-10-24 | Electric arc cooling device for switch-gear vents |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4414446A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0028376B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3069949D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2468987A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020261429A1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Air circuit breaker |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR961290A (en) * | 1950-05-09 | |||
| BE391540A (en) * | 1931-10-19 | |||
| US2362798A (en) * | 1942-06-30 | 1944-11-14 | Gen Electric | Electric switchgear |
| FR895927A (en) * | 1943-04-08 | 1945-02-07 | Delle Atel Const Electr | Gas exhaust device for self-blowing circuit breakers |
| GB568967A (en) * | 1943-11-05 | 1945-04-27 | David Reginald Davies | Improvements in and relating to gas blast electric switches or circuit breakers |
| NL72710C (en) * | 1946-07-29 | |||
| GB776747A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1957-06-12 | Reyrolle A & Co Ltd | Improvements relating to high-voltage electric circuit-breakers of the air-break type |
| DE1064589B (en) * | 1955-11-10 | 1959-09-03 | Licentia Gmbh | Electric switch with arc extinguishing chamber and magnetic blowing |
| CH337254A (en) * | 1955-11-30 | 1959-03-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Spark chamber arrangement for circuit breakers |
| DE1040103B (en) * | 1957-03-20 | 1958-10-02 | Wissenschaftlich Tech Buero Fu | Erase insert for electrical switchgear |
| DE1291009B (en) * | 1963-06-01 | 1969-03-20 | Stotz Kontakt Gmbh | Installation auto switch |
| FR1544434A (en) * | 1966-11-14 | 1968-10-31 | Gen Electric | Arc Blast Box Electrical Circuit Breaker |
| US4019005A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1977-04-19 | I-T-E Imperial Corporation | Multi-pole circuit breaker with baffle shield venting |
-
1979
- 1979-10-31 FR FR7927013A patent/FR2468987A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-10-24 DE DE8080106532T patent/DE3069949D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-24 EP EP80106532A patent/EP0028376B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-30 US US06/202,217 patent/US4414446A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4414446A (en) | 1983-11-08 |
| DE3069949D1 (en) | 1985-02-21 |
| FR2468987B1 (en) | 1982-05-21 |
| FR2468987A1 (en) | 1981-05-08 |
| EP0028376A1 (en) | 1981-05-13 |
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