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EP0025818A1 - Procédé pour couler des moules en fonte - Google Patents

Procédé pour couler des moules en fonte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025818A1
EP0025818A1 EP19800102627 EP80102627A EP0025818A1 EP 0025818 A1 EP0025818 A1 EP 0025818A1 EP 19800102627 EP19800102627 EP 19800102627 EP 80102627 A EP80102627 A EP 80102627A EP 0025818 A1 EP0025818 A1 EP 0025818A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bed
castings
shell molds
sand
preselected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP19800102627
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Colin Taylor
Roger A. Hayes
James M. Allison
Donald B. Anslow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEPENDABLE-FORDATH Inc
Dependable Fordath Inc
Original Assignee
DEPENDABLE-FORDATH Inc
Dependable Fordath Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEPENDABLE-FORDATH Inc, Dependable Fordath Inc filed Critical DEPENDABLE-FORDATH Inc
Publication of EP0025818A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025818A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to a method of casting shell molds, and in particular concerns a method of casting shell molds in a fluidized-bed while thermally reclaiming resin coated sand and heat treating the metal castings.
  • a widely used method of casting steel where castings of particular configurations are desired involves the use of vertical shell molds consisting of silica sand bonded with cold setting organic resin binders. Frequently, cores of similar composition are suspended inside such shell molds to provide voids within the castings. It is desirable that the walls of shell molds be relatively thin in order to minimize the amounts of silica sand and resin binder utilized in the casting operation and thus minimize overall operational costs.
  • the molds When the solidified castings are removed from the shell molds, the molds are partially disintegrated. The same is true of the cores if any have been utilized.
  • the partially disintegrated shell molds and cores as well as the disintegrated portions thereof generally contain significant amounts of uncombusted organic resin binder. Disposal of sand having significant quantities of resin binder adhered thereto creates both economical and ecological problems. Therefore, it is desirable to upgrade and reclaim this scrap sand for reuse.
  • sand to be used in the formation of shell molds cannot be reclaimed by mechanical attrition. This is due to the way in which shell molds are produced. Sand is precoated with resin, e.g. four percent by weight, before being bonded with more resin in a pattern to form a shell mold. Mechanical attrition leaves a small amount of carbonaceous coating on this sand. Repeated use results in sand grains with an excessive amount of coating. The shell molds formed from such excessively coated sand are unacceptably weak. Therefore, thermal reclamation, in which all of the residual resin is burned away, is the best method for recovering sand to be used in the formation of shell molds. However, the high cost of this method has prevented widespread adoption thereof.
  • thermal sand reclamation apparatuses utilizes a rotary, refractory lined kiln with an oil or gas burner. Maintenance costs associated with this type of apparatus are particularly high.
  • Another type of apparatus in use is a multiple rotating hearth furnace. The capital cost of this apparatus is very high.
  • a third type of apparatus in use has a shaft furnace, similar to a gas-fired cupola. This apparatus is thermally very efficient, but the quality of the reclaimed sand is variable and the capital cost of the apparatus is high.
  • a gas/air mixture is used to fluidize a bed of resin-coated sand through a porous refractory membrane. Combustion occurs in the bed itself, raising the temperature of the sand from room temperature to about 800°C.
  • the bed is contained in a mineral wool insulated tank made of a special grade of heat-resisting steel. The tank is fitted with expansion joints. When the bed is at working temperature disintegrated shell molds are fed into the same. Lumps up to about two inches in size are acceptable.
  • Excess air is provided in the fluidizing air/gas mixture for combustion of the resin, most of the heat from the resin combustion being available to heat incoming sand.
  • the good heat exchange characteristics of the fluidized bed cause a rapid breakdown of the sand lumps and complete removal of all combustible residues.
  • After leaving the bed the sand may enter a FORDATH fluidized bed cooler where the heat is extracted by water-cooled pipes.
  • heat treating will refer generally to one or more steps of heating and/or cooling the steel to certain temperature levels which may be maintained for predetermined time intervals. Included within the meaning of heat treating are the various methods of tempering steel. A detailed discussion of the different methods of heat treating steel can be found in Elements of Physical Metallurgy by Albert G. Guy and John J. Hren, Third Edition, Copyright 1974.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,557,867, Krzyzanowski discloses a method and apparatus for casting combustible shell molds in a fluidized-bed of granular material. Hot combustion gases are withdrawn from the interior of the bed container through a gas-permeable circumferential wall. This patent does not address itself to either thermal reclamation of sand or heat treating of the metal castings.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,683,995 discloses a method of producing a composite shell mold having an inner core made of facing sand bonded with a resin binder. Surrounding the inner core is a layer of coarse sand bonded with sodium silicate cured by reaction with CO 2 . Column four, lines 9-10 indicate that the fine facing sand may be recovered by removing the resin with a suitable thermal reclaimer.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,741,276, Fallows et al discloses a method of casting shell molds in a fluidized-bed of granular material such as sand.
  • the shell molds are initially placed in bags of polythene before being inserted into the fluidized-bed of sand.
  • the apparent function of the bags is to ensure that the fluidizing gas does not pass in any substantial amount through the shell molds.
  • the bags burn away so that combustion gases can pass through the walls of the shell molds.
  • a turntable apparatus adapted to carry a plurality of fluidized-bed containers which are indexed through a series of stations at which the various shell mold casting operations are performed. This patent also does not address itself to either thermal reclamation of sand or heat treating of the metal castings.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,130,436, Hauser et al discloses a method of thermally reclaiming sand from sand moldsbonded with sodium siliate, organic resin binders, or both clay binders and a fine carbon additive.
  • the disintegrated sand molds are incrementally heated, first to a temperature in the range of 1400°F. to 1600°F., and then to a temperature in the range of 1800 o F, to 2200°F. Thereafter the disintegrated sand molds may be cooled or may be further heated to a temperature in the range of 2200°F to 2500°F and thereafter cooled.
  • Column four, lines 37-41 indicate that the method of the patent may be performed in a rotary kiln, in a fluid bed calciner, or in a hearth-type roaster.
  • Japanese patent No. 48-15772 discloses a method of thermally reclaiming sand in a fluidized bed. This patent does not appear to be any more pertinent to the present invention than the FORDATH FLUIDFIRE apparatus described above.
  • SCRATA article indicates that to reduce atmospheric contamination and to assist in the cooling of the bed, extraction is maintained during removal of the wire mesh baskets containing the castings and pieces of the shell molds.
  • the article further indicates that subsequent fluidization of the bed for the next batch of molds has a self-cleaning effect in that "fines" separate to the top of the bed. Thermal reclamation of resin coated sand and heat treating of metal castings is not suggested.
  • a French patent no. 2,366,078 appears to have been obtained by SCRATA.
  • the present invention provides a method of casting shell molds made of sand bonded with a combustible binder, and thermally reclaiming the binder coated sand, comprising fluidizing a bed of granular refractory material sufficiently to allow the shell molds to be immersed in the bed to a predetermined depth suitable for pouring a molten metal into the shell molds; immersing the shell molds in the fluidized-bed to the predetermined depth; collapsing the fluidized-bed so that the shell molds are firmly supported by the granular refractory material; pouring the molten metal into the shell molds to form hot metal castings; and introducing oxygen-containing gas into the bed so that the heat of the hot castings is utilized to burn away substantially all of the combustible binder.
  • the main advantage provided by the invention is that substantially all of the combustible binder can be burnt away while the shell molds are still in the casting bed. Heat from the hot castings is thus utilised in the thermal reclamation process, allowing the amount of energy required to reclaim the sand for further use to be reduced.
  • a bed of silica sand is fluidized by introducing compressed air through a porous ceramic plate at the bottom of the bed with a controlled distribution and velocity so that a plurality of vertical shell molds can be immersed therein.
  • the shell molds are made of silica sand bonded with a resin binder.
  • the delivery of compressed air is thereafter terminated causing the fluidized-bed to collapse, i.e. the sand settles and compacts about the shell molds and rigidly supports them.
  • a plastic sheet is placed over the bed to form an airtight seal. Molten metal is poured through the plastic sheet into.the shell molds. Simultaneously with the pouring operation, air is extracted from the bottom of the bed in order to remove the fumes from the resin binder burned by the molten metal. The extraction of air is thereafter terminated and the plastic sheet is removed.
  • the sand and castings are allowed to cool to a first preselected temperature at which time a combustible gas mixture is introduced and ignited in the bed. By controlling tb P rate of delivery of the gas mixture the first preselected temperature is maintained for approximately fifteen minutes after which the delivery of the gas mixture is terminated. The sand and castings are then allowed to cool to a second preselected temperature, at which temperature the combustible gas mixture is again introduced into the bed and ignited in order to maintain this temperature for approximately fifteen minutes.
  • the castings are removed from the bed and allowed to rapidly cool in ambient air.
  • the castings are heat treated while still immersed in the bed and, as a result, less scale is produced on the castings than if the castings were removed from the bed to carry out the heat treatment process.
  • the incremental cooling of the castings allows the desired degree of tempering to occur without requiring reheating of the castings as would be required if the castings were extracted from the bed for heat treatment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one form of a fluidized-bed apparatus 10 which may be used to perform the method.
  • the apparatus includes a relatively large, generally rectangular tank having an upper portion 12 and a lower portion 14 separated by a horizontal porous refractory membrane 16.
  • the tank is preferably made of plates of a special grade of heat resisting steel which are fitted together with expansion joints.
  • the bed is preferably insulated with mineral wool.
  • the upper tank portion 12 is filled with a suitable granular refractory material such as silica or zircon sand to form a bed 18.
  • the type and size of the granular material must be carefully selected so that the bed has the desired fluidizing capabilities and thermal conductivity.
  • One suitable depth for the bed, when not fluidized, is approximately thirty inches (76.2 cms), although the depth necessary will depend on the vertical height of the shell molds.
  • the lower tank portion 14 incorporates vents or ports for providing both positive and negative pressures inihe bed 18.
  • the design of the vents or ports must be such that the extraction vents do not interfere with the fluidizing vents and vice versa.
  • One suitable construction for the lower tank portion 14 is illustrated and described in the above-noted SCRATA article.
  • a corrugated sheet of steel 19 is abutted against the underside of the porous membrane 16.
  • the sheet 19 is shown in longitudinal section so that its corrugated shape and the manner in which it abuts the membrane 16 are not visible.
  • the corrugated shape provides an alternating series of flat-topped ridges and troughs.
  • the sheet 19 further has a plurality of small fluidizing vents (not shown) along the flat upper surfaces of its ridges which provide for the correct distribution of the fluidizing air through the porous membrane 16 uniformly over the bottom area of the bed 18. These fluidizing vents communicate with a common chamber 20 having an inlet pipe 22.
  • the troughs such as 24 of the corrugated sheet 19 form large extraction vents and are manifolded together in a separate end chamber 26 having an outlet pipe 28.
  • the bed 18 can be fluidized by introducing air through the inlet pipe 22 with a controlled velocity or pressure.
  • the fluidized vents of the sheet 19 uniformly distribute the air so that it passes through the porous refractory membrane 16 into the underside of the bed 18 causing the sand grains to separate and the bed to behave as a fluid.
  • a bed of sand of approximately thirty inches in depth will rise a couple of inches when so fluidized. Therefore the upper tank portion 12 must have a correct amount of sand therein so that displacement of the sand by the shell molds and by fluidization will not cause it to spill from the tank.
  • Air can be delivered at a lesser velocity or pressure so that it will permeate through the bed 18 without causing the same to be fluidized.
  • the first step is to introduce air through the inlet pipe 22 so that the bed 18 is fluidized sufficiently to allow a plurality of vertical shell molds 30 loaded in a wire supporting rack (not shown) to be readily immersed into the bed 18.
  • the shell molds consist of silica sand bonded with a cold setting organic resin binder. Each is formed about a pattern which is suitably configured to yield the desired casting void 32 (shown in phantom lines) within the mold.
  • the upper end of each of the shell molds 30 is provided with a funnel-shaped pouring bush or down-gate 34 which facilitates pouring of the molten metal into the shell mold.
  • the shell molds 30 are immersed to a predetermined depth so that their downgates 34 extend a couple of inches above the surface of the bed 18.
  • the fluidized-bed 18 is collapsed by terminating the delivery of air through the inlet pipe 22. Air no longer flows through the bed between the sand granules and the sand settles and compacts about the vertical shell molds 30. This causes the molds to become rigidly held and supported by the sand of the bed 18. By this technique even the re-entrant contours on the underside of horizontal shell molds can be packed with sand. This is a result which is not readily achieved merely by pouring the sand bed into the upper tank portion 12 after the mold loaded rack has been positioned therein. It may be preferable to vibrate the bed 18 to make the fluidization more uniform. When the fluidization is terminated, the maintenance of vibration ensures that the bed collapses and compacts rapidly. Vibration is typically stopped within a short time, for example two to four seconds after fluidization ceases.
  • a horizontal plastics sheet 36 is then placed over the bed 18 atop flanges 38 which extend along the four upper side edges of the upper tank portion 12.
  • the sheet 36 covers the bed 18 and forms a substantially airtight seal.
  • the vertical shell molds 30 are positioned so that the upper edges of their downgates 34 contact or are closed to the sheet 36 when it is placed over the upper tank portion 12. As discussed later on, this reduces the amount of fumes that escape into the work area when the molten steel is poured.
  • the sheet 36 may be made of any relatively thin, lightweight material such as polyethylene which will rapidly burn away upon contact with molten metal but will not readily support combustion on its own. In other words, molten metal poured onto the sheet will burn a hold therethrough but the entire sheet will not burn up.
  • the shell molds are now covered and in position in the fluidized-bed apparatus ready for the molten metal pouring operation.
  • Molten steel at +2600°F., and preferably at a temperature of approximately 3000 0 -3100°F. is poured from a ladle onto the plastics sheet 36 immediately above each of the downgates 34 of the shell molds until each mold is filled to the desired level.
  • the plastics sheet immediately vaporizes or burns away when contacted by the molten steel to form holes therein directly above the downgates 34. Typically, spaces between the edge portions of the sheet defining these holes and the upper edges of the downgates will be created. As later explained, fumes can be drawn through these spaces downwardly from above the sheet 36 and into the bed 18.
  • the burning of the resin binder in the shell molds will terminate because there is insufficient oxygen within the bed 18 to support further combustion.
  • the depth to which the burning will penetrate toward the exterior surface of the shell molds 30 depends upon such factors as the size and shape of the castings, the thickness of the shell mold walls, the type of granular material utilized in forming the shell molds, and the type and percentage of resin binder utilized. Without the introduction of additional oxygen to complete the burning process, substantial portions of the shell molds will remain intact and significant quantities of the sand will still be resin coated.
  • air is again instroduced through the bottom of the bed 18 through the inlet pipe 22.
  • gases containing sufficient amounts of oxygen may also be utilized, but for convenience air will suffice.
  • the rate of delivery of the air is controlled so that there is sufficient oxygen to complete the burning away of the resin but without sufficient pressure to refluidize the bed.
  • the bed must not be refluidized because the shell molds would no longer be rigidly supported which might result in damage to the castings.
  • the air is introduced into the bed while the castings are still red hot, and preferably when the castings are at a temperature greater than 1850 F., so that the heat of the castings is utilized to burn away substantially all of the combustible resin binder.
  • the temperature of the castings within the bed may be monitored with suitable sensing devices such as thermocouples.
  • suitable sensing devices such as thermocouples.
  • the shell molds must be formed with sufficient permeability to permit adequate amounts of the air to pass through their uncombusted wall portions. This facilitates the burning away of the resin progressively from the innermost portions of the walls of the shell molds to the outermost portions thereof.
  • the illustrated fluidized-bed apparatus could be redesigned so that fumes produced by the burning resin during the introduction of compressed air could also be extracted. Otherwise it may be desirable to collect the hot combustion gases in a thermally insulated steel hood. Fumes collected in the hood can be directed to a high efficiency cyclone or wet collector for dust removal. However, such a redesigned fluidized-bed apparatus may be unnecessary since the majority of the smoke and flame occurs during the initial pouring operation when the extraction is performed.
  • the method includes further steps for heat treating the metal castings while they are still immersed in the bed.
  • the castings are incrementally cooled to a pluarlity of preselected temperatures which are maintained for a plurality of corresponding preselected time intervals.
  • it is unnecessary, as has previously been done, to reheat relatively brittle castings from a temperature of approximately 1100 0 F. in an oven so that they can be incrementally cooled.
  • the method results in substantial energy savings.
  • since the castings are heat treated while they are still immersed within the bed of sand less scale is formed on the surface of the castings.
  • the heat treating of the metal castings is performed as follows.
  • the steel castings are allowed to cool to a first preselected temperature of approximately 1550 o to approximately 1850°F., and preferably to approximately 1650°F., while the castings are still immersed in the bed.
  • a combustible gas mixture is introduced into the bed through the inlet pipe 22 which spontaneously ignites.
  • the rate of delivery of the combustible gas mixture is controlled in order to fluidize the bed while at the same time maintaining the first preselected temperature. Fluidization ensures that the gas mixture burns uniformly throughout the bed, thus more uniformly heating the steel castings.
  • the combustible gas mixture may include air or oxygen along with natural gas such as butane, propane, or methane in appropriate percentages so that the mixture will burn within the bed.
  • natural gas such as butane, propane, or methane in appropriate percentages so that the mixture will burn within the bed.
  • the ratio of air to natural gas is preferably controlled to produce a blue reducing flame within the bed. This blue reducing flame has the effect of pulling oxygen from any scale that has formed on the surface of the castings, thus reversing the process by which the undesirable scale is formed.
  • the membrane 16 which separates the upper and lower tank portions 12 and 14 be made of a porous refractory material such as ceramic tiles instead of, for example a wire mesh screen, since the former will prevent the combustible gas mixture from burning within the lower tank portion.
  • the combustible gas mixture will generally ignite when it comes into the contact with the very hot steel castings.
  • the upper tank portion 12 may be fitted with pilot burners to ensure ignition within the bed.
  • the first preselected temperature is preferably maintained for approximately fifteen minutes after which the delivery of the combustible gas mixture is terminated. Thereafter the steel castings are allowed to cool further to a second preselected temperature of approximately 900° to approximately 1450°F., and preferably to approximately 1250°F. The castings are still immersed in the bed at this time. When the castings reach the second preselected temperature the combustible gas mixture is again introduced into the bed and its rate of delivery is controlled so that the bed is again fluidized and the second preselected temperature is maintained. Again, the air/ natural gas ratio is controlled to produce a blue reducing flame to promote scale reduction.
  • the second preselected temperature is preferably maintained for approximately fifteen minutes after which the delivery of the combustible gas mixture is terminated. Thereafter the castings are removed from the bed and are allowed to rapidly cool in the ambient air. If desired, the sand within the upper tank portion 12, now virtually free of organic resin binder, may be dumped for rapid cooling. Alternatively, the bed of sand 18 may be allowed to cool within the upper tank portion 12 prior to the commencement of the next succeeding casting operation.
  • the invention has been described in connection with the making of steel castings, but it is obviously useful in the making of castings of other metals.
  • sands other than silica sand can be utilized in the making of the shell molds.
  • the method may be performed with other types of fluidized-bed apparatus. Automatic temperature controls may be utilized. The number of incremental cooling steps may be varied, and in addition, the temperature levels and the length of the time intervals can be adjusted according to the metal being cast and the heat treatment desired. Other types of combustible gas mixtures can be utilized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
EP19800102627 1979-09-10 1980-05-12 Procédé pour couler des moules en fonte Ceased EP0025818A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7372379A 1979-09-10 1979-09-10
US73723 1979-09-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025818A1 true EP0025818A1 (fr) 1981-04-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800102627 Ceased EP0025818A1 (fr) 1979-09-10 1980-05-12 Procédé pour couler des moules en fonte

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EP (1) EP0025818A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5641044A (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2116887A (en) * 1982-03-20 1983-10-05 Acme Conveyors & Constr Cooling foundry castings
EP0067955B1 (fr) * 1981-06-19 1985-02-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de carapaces
EP0141666A3 (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-07-30 Ford Motor Company Limited Method of reclaiming sand used in evaporative casting process
GB2230720A (en) * 1989-04-29 1990-10-31 Maverex International Limited Removing moulding material particles from a casting
WO1991008068A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-06-13 Pio Fumagalli Procede de recuperation par grillage du sable de fonderie use
US5189813A (en) * 1991-02-22 1993-03-02 Samuel Strapping Systems Ltd. Fluidized bed and method of processing material
US5294095A (en) * 1990-06-08 1994-03-15 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Fluidized bed with submerged infrared lamps
US5332139A (en) * 1990-06-08 1994-07-26 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Fluidized bed apparatus and method using same
CN108356234A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-03 溧阳市联华机械制造有限公司 厚大高镍球铁涡壳的平做立浇壳型结构
CN113560496A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-10-29 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 一种马氏体不锈钢铸件铸造成型方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59107763A (ja) * 1982-12-08 1984-06-22 Mazda Motor Corp 鉄系部品の製造方法
JPS60170568A (ja) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-04 Naigai Mariaburu Kk 鋳型燃焼促進方法
US4656874A (en) * 1985-12-10 1987-04-14 The J. M. Ney Company Flowmeter with electronically adjustable measurement module and display

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2058842A1 (de) * 1969-12-01 1971-06-09 Polygram Casting Co Ltd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schalengussteilen
US3741276A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-06-26 Polygram Casting Co Ltd Method of making shell moulded articles therefor
DE2252217A1 (de) * 1972-10-25 1974-05-09 Halbergerhuette Gmbh Verfahren zum rueckgewinnen von formgrundstoff
DE2656672B1 (de) * 1976-12-15 1978-02-09 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren beim regenerieren von kernsand
DE2612668B2 (de) * 1975-03-26 1979-03-22 Kubota Ltd., Osaka (Japan) Verfahren zum Brennen von keramischen Formschalen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2058842A1 (de) * 1969-12-01 1971-06-09 Polygram Casting Co Ltd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schalengussteilen
US3741276A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-06-26 Polygram Casting Co Ltd Method of making shell moulded articles therefor
DE2252217A1 (de) * 1972-10-25 1974-05-09 Halbergerhuette Gmbh Verfahren zum rueckgewinnen von formgrundstoff
DE2612668B2 (de) * 1975-03-26 1979-03-22 Kubota Ltd., Osaka (Japan) Verfahren zum Brennen von keramischen Formschalen
DE2656672B1 (de) * 1976-12-15 1978-02-09 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren beim regenerieren von kernsand

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FOUNDRY, August 1973 J.M. PLANTEN "Combining Shell Mold Accuracy and Green Sand Economy" pages 63, 65 * Page 65, lines 58 to 65 * *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0067955B1 (fr) * 1981-06-19 1985-02-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de carapaces
GB2116887A (en) * 1982-03-20 1983-10-05 Acme Conveyors & Constr Cooling foundry castings
EP0141666A3 (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-07-30 Ford Motor Company Limited Method of reclaiming sand used in evaporative casting process
GB2230720A (en) * 1989-04-29 1990-10-31 Maverex International Limited Removing moulding material particles from a casting
WO1991008068A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-06-13 Pio Fumagalli Procede de recuperation par grillage du sable de fonderie use
US5294095A (en) * 1990-06-08 1994-03-15 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Fluidized bed with submerged infrared lamps
US5332139A (en) * 1990-06-08 1994-07-26 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Fluidized bed apparatus and method using same
US5189813A (en) * 1991-02-22 1993-03-02 Samuel Strapping Systems Ltd. Fluidized bed and method of processing material
CN108356234A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-03 溧阳市联华机械制造有限公司 厚大高镍球铁涡壳的平做立浇壳型结构
CN113560496A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-10-29 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 一种马氏体不锈钢铸件铸造成型方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5641044A (en) 1981-04-17

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