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EP0023644A1 - Electrical heating device with a heating element havin a low resistance at low temperatures - Google Patents

Electrical heating device with a heating element havin a low resistance at low temperatures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0023644A1
EP0023644A1 EP80104219A EP80104219A EP0023644A1 EP 0023644 A1 EP0023644 A1 EP 0023644A1 EP 80104219 A EP80104219 A EP 80104219A EP 80104219 A EP80104219 A EP 80104219A EP 0023644 A1 EP0023644 A1 EP 0023644A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating material
heating element
material frame
heating device
electrode plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80104219A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Herbert Steiner
Johann Magg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
Bosch Siemens Hausgerate GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bosch Siemens Hausgerate GmbH filed Critical Bosch Siemens Hausgerate GmbH
Publication of EP0023644A1 publication Critical patent/EP0023644A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • At least the invention relates to an electrical heating device with a heating element made of PTC thermistor material, which has on two opposite surfaces electrically conductive coatings as a contact layer for power supply, through which it gives off the heat generated to two thermally conductive insulating material plates, between which it is clamped under pressure, the The heating element is covered with the insulating material plates on the two free sides, which have the contact layers, with the interposition of a layer of flexible material.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electrical heating device of the type described, the manufacturing cost is reduced, in particular, requiring less assembly effort during assembly.
  • the heating element in a through opening of an insulating material. frame inserted and the flexible material layers in the form of electrically anchored to the insulating material frame conductive electrode plates serving as current leads are formed.
  • This design has the advantage that the PTC thermistor elements, for example two or three adjacent elements, which form a heater, are held between the electrodes and in the insulating material frame and can be stored as a finished assembly and installed during assembly.
  • This construction also has the advantage that the insulating material frame and the electrode plates protect the very break-sensitive PTC thermistor elements against damage during transport and installation in the heating device.
  • the electrode plates are connected to the insulating material frame by means of rivet connections for anchoring, the rivet connections simultaneously holding electrical connection lines for supplying current to the electrode plates and being able to establish an electrically conductive connection.
  • the riveted connection lines also facilitate assembly, since the heating assembly can be gripped on the connection lines and inserted into the recess provided for this purpose.
  • the rivet connection is expediently formed by rivet connection elements formed on the electrode plates, as a result of which separate rivets are dispensed with and the electrical connection can also be made more reliable, since a contact contact part between the rivet and the electrode plate is thus also eliminated.
  • the electrode plates and the electrical connecting line are advantageously arranged on different sides of the insulating material frame and the rivet establishes the electrical connection between them.
  • the low available space is used well and the insulating material frame is thereby held in a middle position relative to the thickness of the PTC thermistor elements.
  • the part of the insulating material plate which is penetrated by the rivet is preferably bent to a small extent on the insulating material plate, so that a rivet head which projects from this bent part does not hinder the bearing of a flat insulating material disc on the electrode. It also makes the right one Position of the insulating material frame secured.
  • the electrode plates advantageously have tab-shaped projections on their side remote from the rivet connection, over the PTC thermistor elements, which are bent in such a way that they can be hung like a hinge in the openings provided in the insulating material frame, in order in this way to provide a further connection at a location remote from the rivet connection to achieve with the insulating material frame and thus make the assembly even more solid.
  • a thin mica material disc or a mica disc advantageously serves as the insulating material frame.
  • the water bowl 2 of an electric egg cooker shown in the figures has an electric heating device 4 as the bottom.
  • the heating device 4 comprises a heating element 6 with a base plate 8, from which an annular wall 10 extends downward in order to form a receiving space 12 for a heating element assembly 14.
  • the receiving space 12 is closed at the bottom by a cover 16 which is pressed with pressure onto the heating element assembly (not shown in FIG. 1) and pressed into the annular extension 10 and which transfers the heat given off by the heating element assembly downwards to the extension 10 of the radiator 6.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 The structure of the heating element assembly used in the receiving space 12 can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • An insulating material frame 18 in the form of a round, thin mica material disc lies loosely in the receiving space 12, which has a circular cross section, and, loosely inserted into a large central rectangular through opening 20, contains two adjacent heating elements 22 and 24 made of thermistor material, each with their top and bottom sides
  • Contact layers 26 and 28 are provided in the form of electrically conductive coatings, for example made of aluminum, and at least therewith a piece protrudes above and below from the insulating material frame.
  • the electrode plate 30 also has a contact tab 62.
  • a circular insulating material plate 42 is inserted between the electrode plate and the bottom plate 8 forming the ceiling of the receiving space 12.
  • an electrode plate 44 is placed on the contact layers 28 of the heating elements 22 and 24, which, like the cover-side electrode plate 30, is made of a soft aluminum and cranked mounting or adjustment approaches 50 and 52 which reach through adjustment openings 46 and 48 of the insulating material frame 18 has and an offset laterally extending contact tab 60.
  • an insulating material plate 56 is inserted in its plan shape corresponding to the cover shown in FIG. 2.
  • Both insulating material plates are preferably made of a heat-conducting ceramic material, such as aluminum oxide or a silicone resin.
  • thin mica material discs can also be used advantageously.
  • electrode plates on the side remote from the adjustment lugs have a wide contact tabs 60 and 62 formed thereon, which are bent into the space between the insulating material plates 46 and 56 in order to hold flat on the thermistor elements held at medium height
  • the contact lug and the insulating material frame each have a through opening through which a hollow rivet 64 or 66 connecting these two parts is drawn, which furthermore clamps a connecting line 68 or 70 on the side of the insulating material frame 18 remote from the contact lug.
  • the insulating material frame 18 has in the extension of the contact tabs 60 and 62 edge recesses 72 and 74 through which the power supply lines can extend to facilitate assembly.
  • Power lines 68 and 70 are through vertical channels 76 and 78 in the inner wall of the annular wall 10 past the cover 16 downwards.
  • the electrode plates 30 and 44 are hooked into the insulating material frame 18 on one side of the PTC thermistor elements 22 and 24 and then placed over the PTC thermistor elements and, on the other side, are held together with the connecting line by a rivet on the insulating material frame.
  • an assembly is obtained in a relatively simple manner, in which the PTC thermistor elements are firmly held and has the connecting wires projecting therefrom, on which the assembly is grasped during final assembly and can be inserted into the receiving space 12 of the radiator 6 provided for this purpose.
  • the insulating material frame 18 and the insulating material plates 42 and 56 advantageously consist of punched-out plate-shaped mica material, the insulating material frame e.g. Can be 0.7 mm thick, while the other two insulation material plates are 0.07 mm thick.
  • the modified assembly of thermistor elements 522 in an insulating material frame 512 and electrode plates 530 and 544 shown in FIG. 6 differs from the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5 primarily in that the rivet connection is formed by rivet connection elements 564 formed on the electrode plates.
  • the lower electrode plate 544 has a contact tab 560 which engages with an end section 1 forming the rivet through an opening 563 of the insulating material frame and a corresponding opening of a contact tab 568 placed on the insulating material frame 512 and is angled above the contact tab, as a result of which the electrode plate 544 and the contact tab 568 are attached to the insulating material frame 512.
  • An electrical connecting line can be connected to the contact lug 568, which preferably consists of copper or brass, by means of a plug connection element.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further modified embodiment with an insulating material frame 612 in which the PTC thermistor elements 622 are received and on which an upper elec trode plate 630 and a lower electrode plate 644 are attached.
  • a contact lug 640 of the lower electrode plate 644 has a passage 664 formed thereon, which extends through an opening 663 of the insulating material frame 612 and a corresponding opening of a contact lug 668 and is crimped above the same to form the rivet connection.
  • the upper electrode plate 630 is connected to the insulating material frame and a contact tab by means of a similar rivet connection, not shown.
  • the electrode plate is each connected to the insulating material frame by means of a hook-like hinge connection, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • contact tabs for connecting plug-in connection elements of the electrical connecting lines can also be formed directly on the electrode plates, which then have to be made of a suitable material.
  • the rivet connections only serve to anchor the electrode plates to the insulating material frame, which function they also have to produce the electrical connection in addition to the function in the exemplary embodiments described above.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

Das Heizelement (22, 24; 522, 622) aus Kaltleitermaterial weist an zwei gegenüberliegenden Flächen elektrisch leitende Beschichtungen (26, 28) als Kontaktschicht zur Stromzufuhr auf, durch die hindurch es die erzeugte Wärme an zwei wärmeleitende Isoliermaterialplatten (42, 44) abgibt, zwischen die es unter Druck eingespannt ist, wobei das Heizelement auf den beiden freien, die Kontaktschichten aufweisenden Seiten unter Zwischenlage von jeweils einer Schicht aus nachgiebigem Material mit den Isoliermaterialplatten belegt ist. Um den Fertigungsaufwand durch leichte Montage herabzusetzen und das Heizelement aus Kaltleitermaterial gegen Beschädigungen beim Transport und bei der Montage zu schützen, wird vorgeschlagen, das Heizelement in eine Durchgangsöffnung eines Isoliermaterialrahmens (18; 512; 612) einzulegen und die nachgiebigen Materialschichten in Form von elektrisch leitenden, als Stromzuführung dienenden Elektrodenplatten (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644) auszubilden, die das Heizelement zwischen sich einschließend am Isoliermaterialrahmen verankert sind. Vorzugsweise dienen zur Verankerung der Elektrodenplatten am Isoliermaterialrahmen Nietverbindungen (64, 66; 564; 664) die gleichzeitig die Verbindung mit den elektrischen Anschlußleitungen bilden können.The heating element (22, 24; 522, 622) made of thermistor material has, on two opposite surfaces, electrically conductive coatings (26, 28) as a contact layer for power supply, through which it releases the heat generated to two heat-conducting insulating material plates (42, 44), between which it is clamped under pressure, the heating element being covered with the insulating material plates on the two free sides having the contact layers with the interposition of one layer each of flexible material. In order to reduce the manufacturing effort by easy assembly and to protect the heating element made of thermistor material against damage during transport and assembly, it is proposed to insert the heating element into a through opening of an insulating material frame (18; 512; 612) and the flexible material layers in the form of electrically conductive , To serve as a power supply electrode plates (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644), which are anchored between the heating element on the insulating material frame. Preferably used for anchoring the electrode plates to the insulating material frame are riveted connections (64, 66; 564; 664) which can simultaneously form the connection with the electrical connecting lines.

Description

mindestens Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung mit einem Heizelement aus Kaltleitermaterial, das an zwei gegenüberliegenden Flächen elektrisch leitende Beschichtungen als Kontaktschicht zur Stromzufuhr aufweist, durch die hindurch es die erzeugte Wärme an zwei wärmeleitende Isoliermaterialplatten abgibt, zwischen die es unter Druck eingespannt ist, wobei das Heizelement auf den beiden freien, die Kontaktschichten aufweisenden Seiten unter Zwischenlage von jeweils einer Schicht aus nachgiebigem Material mit den Isoliermaterialplatten belegt ist.At least the invention relates to an electrical heating device with a heating element made of PTC thermistor material, which has on two opposite surfaces electrically conductive coatings as a contact layer for power supply, through which it gives off the heat generated to two thermally conductive insulating material plates, between which it is clamped under pressure, the The heating element is covered with the insulating material plates on the two free sides, which have the contact layers, with the interposition of a layer of flexible material.

Derartige elektrische Heizeinrichtungen wurden bereits vorgeschlagen in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 27 43 880. Die in dieser Schrift vorgeschlagenen Heizeinrichtungen müssen sehr sorgfältig zusammengebaut werden, um ungewollte Kontakte des Kaltleiterelementes mit dem Heizkörper in den es eingebaut wird zu vermeiden, d.h. elektrische Kurzschlüsse zu vermeiden. Insbesondere ist dabei auch die Durchführung der elektrischen Stromzuführung durch den beheizten Heizkörper umständlich.Such electrical heating devices have already been proposed in German Offenlegungsschrift 27 43 880. The heating devices proposed in this document must be assembled very carefully in order to avoid undesired contacts of the PTC thermistor element with the radiator in which it is installed, i.e. to avoid electrical short circuits. In particular, the implementation of the electrical power supply through the heated radiator is cumbersome.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, deren Fertigungsaufwand herabgesetzt ist, indem sie insbesondere weniger Montageaufwand beim Zusammenbau erfordert.The invention has for its object to provide an electrical heating device of the type described, the manufacturing cost is reduced, in particular, requiring less assembly effort during assembly.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Heizelement in eine Durchgangsöffnung eines Isoliermaterial. rahmens eingelegt und die nachgiebigen Materialschichten in Form von, am Isoliermaterialrahmen verankerten elektrisch leitenden, als Stromzuführungen dienenden Elektrodenplatten ausgebildet sind. Diese Bauweise hat den Vorteil, daß die zusammen eine Heizung bildenden Kaltleiterelemente, z.B. zwei oder drei nebeneinanderliegende Elemente zwischen den Elektroden und in dem Isoliermaterialrahmen festgehalten sind und als fertige Baugruppe gelagert und bei der Montage eingebaut werden können. Ferner hat diese Bauweise den Vorteil, daß der Isoliermaterialrahmen und die Elektrodenplatten die sehr bruchempfindlichen Kaltleiterelemente beim Transport und beim Einbau in die Heizeinrichtung gegen Beschädigungen schützen. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung sind zur Verankerung die Elektrodenplatten mittels Nietverbindungen mit dem Isoliermaterialrahmen verbunden wobei die Nietverbindungen gleichzeitig elektrische Anschlußleitungen zur Stromzufuhr zu den Elektrodenplatten festhalten und eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung herstellen können. Die angenieteten Anschlußleitungen erleichtern ebenfalls die Montage, da die Heizungsbaugruppe an den Anschlußleitungen erfaßt und in die dafür vorgesehene Ausnehmung eingesetzt werden können.This object is achieved in that the heating element in a through opening of an insulating material. frame inserted and the flexible material layers in the form of electrically anchored to the insulating material frame conductive electrode plates serving as current leads are formed. This design has the advantage that the PTC thermistor elements, for example two or three adjacent elements, which form a heater, are held between the electrodes and in the insulating material frame and can be stored as a finished assembly and installed during assembly. This construction also has the advantage that the insulating material frame and the electrode plates protect the very break-sensitive PTC thermistor elements against damage during transport and installation in the heating device. According to an advantageous further development, the electrode plates are connected to the insulating material frame by means of rivet connections for anchoring, the rivet connections simultaneously holding electrical connection lines for supplying current to the electrode plates and being able to establish an electrically conductive connection. The riveted connection lines also facilitate assembly, since the heating assembly can be gripped on the connection lines and inserted into the recess provided for this purpose.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Nietverbindung von an den Elektrodenplatten ausgebildeten Nietverbindungselementen gebildet, wodurch separate Nieten entfallen und auch die elektrische Verbindung sicherer werden kann, da damit auch jeweils eine Berührungskontaktsteile zwischen dem Niet und der Elektrodenplatte entfällt.The rivet connection is expediently formed by rivet connection elements formed on the electrode plates, as a result of which separate rivets are dispensed with and the electrical connection can also be made more reliable, since a contact contact part between the rivet and the electrode plate is thus also eliminated.

Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei die Elektrodenplatten und die elektrische Anschlußleitung an verschiedenen Seiten des Isoliermaterialrahmens angeordnet und der Niet stellt jeweils die elektrische Verbindung dazwischen her. Auf diese Weise wird der niedrige zur Verfügung stehende Raum gut genutzt und der Isoliermaterialrahmen wird dadurch in einer mittleren Lage relativ zur Dicke der Kaltleiterelemente festgehalten. Der vom Niet durchsetzte Teil der Isoliermaterialplatte ist vorzugsweise ein kleines Stück auf die Isoliermaterialplatte zu abgekröpft, damit ein diesen abgekröpften Teil überragender Nietkopf die Auflage einer flachen Isoliermaterialscheibe auf die Elektrode nicht behindert. Außerdem wird dadurch die richtige Lage des Isoliermaterialrahmens gesichert. Die Elektrodenplatten weisen vorteilhafterweise an ihrer der Nietverbindung, über die Kaltleiterelemente hinweg abgelegenen Seite lappenförmige Ansätze auf, die so abgekröpft sind, daß sie scharnierartig in dafür vorgesehene Durchgangsöffnungen des Isoliermaterialrahmens einhängbar sind um auf diese einfache Weise an einer von der Nietverbindung abgelegenen Stelle eine weitere Verbindung mit dem Isoliermaterialrahmen zu erreichen und die Baugruppe damit noch solider zu machen. Als Isoliermaterialrahmen dient vorteilhafterweise eine dünne Glimmer-Materialscheibe oder eine Glimmerscheibe.The electrode plates and the electrical connecting line are advantageously arranged on different sides of the insulating material frame and the rivet establishes the electrical connection between them. In this way, the low available space is used well and the insulating material frame is thereby held in a middle position relative to the thickness of the PTC thermistor elements. The part of the insulating material plate which is penetrated by the rivet is preferably bent to a small extent on the insulating material plate, so that a rivet head which projects from this bent part does not hinder the bearing of a flat insulating material disc on the electrode. It also makes the right one Position of the insulating material frame secured. The electrode plates advantageously have tab-shaped projections on their side remote from the rivet connection, over the PTC thermistor elements, which are bent in such a way that they can be hung like a hinge in the openings provided in the insulating material frame, in order in this way to provide a further connection at a location remote from the rivet connection to achieve with the insulating material frame and thus make the assembly even more solid. A thin mica material disc or a mica disc advantageously serves as the insulating material frame.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand schematischer Zeichnungen an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic drawings using an exemplary embodiment.

Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 in einem Vertikalschnitt im wesentlichen entlang der Linie I-I in Figur 3 eine Wasserschale eines elektrischen Eierkochers, deren Boden von einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizeinrichtung gebildet wird, wobei zur Vereinbarung der Darstellung nur der Aufnahmeraum für die Heizelementbaugruppe dargestellt, diese aber weggelassen ist;
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht von unten in Figur 1 gesehen eines Deckels des Aufnahmeraumes für die Heizelementbaugruppe;
  • Fig. 3 in vergrößertem Maßstab ausschnittsweise eine Ansicht der Wasserschale gemäß Figur 1 von unten, wobei der Deckel des Aufnahmeraumes sowie die untere Isoliermaterialplatte weggenommen sind, um den Isoliermaterialrahmen und die untere Elektrodenplatte zu zeigen;
  • Fig. 4 in weiter vergrößertem Maßstab einen Schnitt im wesentlichen entlang der Linie IV-IV in Figur 3;
  • Fig. 5 in vergrößertem Maßstab einen Schnitt entlang der Linie V-V in Figur 3;
  • Fig. 6 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform ausschnittsweise in einem Schnitt entsprechend dem der Figur 4 und
  • Fig. 7 eine weitere abgewandelte Ausführungsform ausschnittsweise in einem Schnitt entsprechend dem der Figur 4.
It shows
  • Fig. 1 in a vertical section substantially along the line II in Figure 3, a water bowl of an electric egg cooker, the bottom of which is formed by a heating device according to the invention, with only the receiving space for the heating element assembly being shown to agree the illustration, but this is omitted;
  • FIG. 2 shows a view from below in FIG. 1 of a cover of the receiving space for the heating element assembly;
  • 3 shows an enlarged section of a view of the water bowl according to FIG. 1 from below, the cover of the receiving space and the lower insulating material plate being removed in order to show the insulating material frame and the lower electrode plate;
  • 4 shows a section on a further enlarged scale substantially along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;
  • 5 shows a section on an enlarged scale along the line VV in FIG. 3;
  • Fig. 6 shows a modified embodiment in sections in a section corresponding to that of Figures 4 and
  • 7 shows a further modified embodiment in sections in a section corresponding to that of FIG. 4.

Die in den Figuren dargestellte Wasserschale 2 eines elektrischen Eierkochers weist als Boden eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung 4 auf. Die Heizeinrichtung 4 umfaßt einen Heizkörper 6 mit einer Bodenplatte 8, von der sich eine Ringwand 10 nach unten erstreckt, um einen Aufnahmeraum 12 für eine Heizelementbaugruppe 14 zu bilden. Der Aufnahmeraum 12 ist nach unten durch einen mit Druck auf die in Figur 1 nicht dargestellte Heizelementbaugruppe aufgepreßten und in den ringförmigen Ansatz 10 eingepreßten Deckel 16 verschlossen, der die von der Heizelementbaugruppe nach unten abgegebene Wärme zu dem Ansatz 10 des Heizkörpers 6 überträgt.The water bowl 2 of an electric egg cooker shown in the figures has an electric heating device 4 as the bottom. The heating device 4 comprises a heating element 6 with a base plate 8, from which an annular wall 10 extends downward in order to form a receiving space 12 for a heating element assembly 14. The receiving space 12 is closed at the bottom by a cover 16 which is pressed with pressure onto the heating element assembly (not shown in FIG. 1) and pressed into the annular extension 10 and which transfers the heat given off by the heating element assembly downwards to the extension 10 of the radiator 6.

Der Aufbau der in den Aufnahmeraum 12 eingesetzten Heizelementbaugruppe ist aus den Figuren 3 bis 5 zu ersehen. Ein Isoliermaterialrahmen 18 in Form einer runden dünnen Glimmermaterialscheibe liegt lose in dem, einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Aufnahmeraum 12 und enthält, in eine große zentrale rechteckige Durchgangsöffnung 20 lose eingelegt, zwei nebeneinanderliegende Heizelemente 22 und 24 aus Kaltleitermaterial, die jeweils an ihrer Oberseite und Unterseite mit Kontaktschichten 26 und 28 in Form elektrisch leitender Beschichtungen, z.B. aus Aluminium, versehen sind und mindestens damit oben und unten ein Stück aus dem Isoliermaterialrahmen herausragt. Eine deckseitige Elektrodenplatte 30 aus Aluminium, die etwas größer ist als die, die Kontaktelemente aufnehmende Ausnehmung 20 des Isoliermaterialrahmens 18, liegt auf der Kontaktschicht 26 der Heizelemente auf und weist zwei abgeköpfte Justageansätze 32 und 34 auf, die zur Ankerung der Elektrodenplatte gegen Verschieben und Verdrehen durch Justageöffnungcn 36 und 38 des Isoliermaterialrahmens 18 eingreifen und sich dahinter mit gekröpften Abschnitten 33 und 35 scharnierartig festhaken. Darüber hinaus weist die Elektrodenplatte 30 noch eine Kontaktfahne 62 auf. Zwischen die Elektrodenplatte und die die Decke des Aufnahmeraumes 12 bildende Bodenplatte 8 ist eine kreisrunde Isoliermaterialplatte 42 eingesetzt. Bodenseitig ist auf die Kontaktschichten 28 der Heizelemente 22 und 24 eine Elektrodenplatte 44 aufgelegt, die, ebenso wie die deckseitige Elektrodenplatte 30, aus einem weichen Aluminium besteht und durch Justageöffnungen 46 und 48 des Isoliermaterialrahmens 18 greifende, gekröpfte Halterungs- bzw. Justageansätze 50 und 52 aufweist sowie eine sich gekröpft seitlich weg erstreckende Kontaktfahne 60. Zwischen die bodenseitige Elektrodenplatte 44 und den, den Aufnahmeraum verschließenden eingepreßten Deckel 16 ist eine in ihrer Grundrißform dem in Figur 2 im Grundriß dargestellten Deckel entsprechende Isoliermaterialplatte 56 eingesetzt. Beide Isoliermaterialplatten bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem wärmeleitenden Keramikmaterial, wie z.B. Aluminium-Oxyd oder auch einem Silikonharz. Jedoch können vorteilhaft auch dünne Glimmermaterialscheiben verwendet werden. Wie insbesondere aus Figur 5 zu ersehen ist, weisen Elektrodenplatten auf der den Justageansätzen abliegenden Seiten eine breite daran ausgebildete Kontaktfahnen 60 und 62 auf, die in den Raum zwischen die Isoliermaterialplatten 46 und 56 abgekröpft sind, um flach an dem in mittlerer Höhe der Kaltleiterelemente gehaltenen Isoliermaterialrahmen 18 anzuliegen und diesen in der richtigen Höhe zu halten. Die Kontaktfahne und der Isoliermaterialrahmen weisen jeweils eine Durchgangsöffnung auf, durch die zur Herstellung einer Nietverbindung ein diese beiden Teile verbindender Hohlniet 64 bzw. 66 gezogen ist, der darüberhinaus noch auf der der Kontaktfahne abgelegenen Seite des Isoliermaterialrahmens 18 eine Anschlußleitung 68 bzw. 70 festklemmt. Der Isoliermaterialrahmen 18 weist in Verlängerung der Kontaktfahnen 60 und 62 Randausnehmungen 72 und 74 auf, durch die sich die Netzanschlußleitungen zur Erleichterung der Montage erstrecken können. Die Netzanschlußleitungen 68 und 70 sind durch vertikale Kanäle 76 und 78 in der Innenwandung der Ringwand 10 an dem Deckel 16 vorbei nach unten herausgeführt.The structure of the heating element assembly used in the receiving space 12 can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 5. An insulating material frame 18 in the form of a round, thin mica material disc lies loosely in the receiving space 12, which has a circular cross section, and, loosely inserted into a large central rectangular through opening 20, contains two adjacent heating elements 22 and 24 made of thermistor material, each with their top and bottom sides Contact layers 26 and 28 are provided in the form of electrically conductive coatings, for example made of aluminum, and at least therewith a piece protrudes above and below from the insulating material frame. A cover-side electrode plate 30 made of aluminum, which is somewhat larger than the recess 20 of the insulating material frame 18 which receives the contact elements, lies on the contact layer 26 of the heating elements and has two skewed adjustment lugs 32 and 34 which are used to anchor the electrodes engage plate against displacement and rotation through adjustment openings 36 and 38 of the insulating material frame 18 and hook behind it with cranked sections 33 and 35 in a hinge-like manner. In addition, the electrode plate 30 also has a contact tab 62. A circular insulating material plate 42 is inserted between the electrode plate and the bottom plate 8 forming the ceiling of the receiving space 12. On the bottom, an electrode plate 44 is placed on the contact layers 28 of the heating elements 22 and 24, which, like the cover-side electrode plate 30, is made of a soft aluminum and cranked mounting or adjustment approaches 50 and 52 which reach through adjustment openings 46 and 48 of the insulating material frame 18 has and an offset laterally extending contact tab 60. Between the bottom-side electrode plate 44 and the pressed-in cover 16, which closes the receiving space, an insulating material plate 56 is inserted in its plan shape corresponding to the cover shown in FIG. 2. Both insulating material plates are preferably made of a heat-conducting ceramic material, such as aluminum oxide or a silicone resin. However, thin mica material discs can also be used advantageously. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, electrode plates on the side remote from the adjustment lugs have a wide contact tabs 60 and 62 formed thereon, which are bent into the space between the insulating material plates 46 and 56 in order to hold flat on the thermistor elements held at medium height To put insulating material frame 18 and keep it at the right height. The contact lug and the insulating material frame each have a through opening through which a hollow rivet 64 or 66 connecting these two parts is drawn, which furthermore clamps a connecting line 68 or 70 on the side of the insulating material frame 18 remote from the contact lug. The insulating material frame 18 has in the extension of the contact tabs 60 and 62 edge recesses 72 and 74 through which the power supply lines can extend to facilitate assembly. Power lines 68 and 70 are through vertical channels 76 and 78 in the inner wall of the annular wall 10 past the cover 16 downwards.

Die Elektrodenplatten 30 und 44 werden bei einer Vormontage der Heizungsbaugruppe auf der einen Seite der Kaltleiterelemente 22 und 24 in dem Isoliermaterialrahmen 18 eingehakt und dann über die Kaltleiterelemente gelegt und auf der anderen Seite derselben zusammen mit der Anschlußleitung durch einen Niet am Isoliermaterialrahmen festgehalten. So wird in relativ einfacher Weise eine Baugruppe erhalten, in der die Kaltleiterelemente gut festgehalten sind und die davon abstehende Anschlußdrähte aufweist, an denen die Baugruppe bei der Endmontage erfaßt und in den dafür vorgesehenen Aufnahmeraum 12 des Heizkörpers 6 eingesetzt werden kann. Der Isoliermaterialrahmen 18 und die Isoliermaterialplatten 42 und 56 bestehen vorteilhafterweise aus ausgestanztem plattenförmigem Glimmermaterial, wobei der Isoliermaterialrahmen z.B. 0,7 mm dick sein kann, während die bei-den anderen Isoliermaterialplatten 0,07 mm dick sind.When the heater assembly is preassembled, the electrode plates 30 and 44 are hooked into the insulating material frame 18 on one side of the PTC thermistor elements 22 and 24 and then placed over the PTC thermistor elements and, on the other side, are held together with the connecting line by a rivet on the insulating material frame. In this way, an assembly is obtained in a relatively simple manner, in which the PTC thermistor elements are firmly held and has the connecting wires projecting therefrom, on which the assembly is grasped during final assembly and can be inserted into the receiving space 12 of the radiator 6 provided for this purpose. The insulating material frame 18 and the insulating material plates 42 and 56 advantageously consist of punched-out plate-shaped mica material, the insulating material frame e.g. Can be 0.7 mm thick, while the other two insulation material plates are 0.07 mm thick.

Die in Figur 6 dargestellte abgewandelte Baugruppe aus Kaltleiterelementen 522 in einem Isoliermaterialrahmen 512 und Elektrodenplatten 530 und 544 unterscheidet sich von der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 5 vor allem dadurch, daß die Nietverbindung von an den Elektrodenplatten ausgebildeten Nietverbindungselementen 564 gebildet wird. Die untere Elektrodenplatte 544 weist eine Kontaktfahne 560 auf die mit einem den Niet bildenden Endabschnitt 1 durch eine Offnung 563 des Isoliermaterialrahmens sowie eine entsprechende Öffnung einer auf den Isoliermaterialrahmen 512 gelegten Kontaktfahne 568 greift und über der Kontaktfahne abgewinkelt ist, wodurch die Elektrodenplatte 544 und die Kontaktfahne 568 am Isoliermaterialrahmen 512 befestigt sind. An die Kontaktfahne 568, die vorzugsweise aus Kupfer oder Messing besteht, kann eine elektrische Anschlußleitung mittels eines Steckverbindungselementes angeschlossen werden.The modified assembly of thermistor elements 522 in an insulating material frame 512 and electrode plates 530 and 544 shown in FIG. 6 differs from the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5 primarily in that the rivet connection is formed by rivet connection elements 564 formed on the electrode plates. The lower electrode plate 544 has a contact tab 560 which engages with an end section 1 forming the rivet through an opening 563 of the insulating material frame and a corresponding opening of a contact tab 568 placed on the insulating material frame 512 and is angled above the contact tab, as a result of which the electrode plate 544 and the contact tab 568 are attached to the insulating material frame 512. An electrical connecting line can be connected to the contact lug 568, which preferably consists of copper or brass, by means of a plug connection element.

In Figur 7 ist eine weitere abgewandelte Ausführungsform dargestellt mit einem Isoliermaterialrahmen 612 in dem die Kaltleiterelemente 622 aufgenommen sind und an dem eine obere Elektrodenplatte 630 und eine untere Elektrodenplatte 644 befestigt sind. Eine Kontaktfahne 640 der unteren Elektrodenplatte 644 weist einen daran ausgebildeten Durchzug 664 auf, der durch eine Öffnung 663 des Isoliermaterialrahmens 612 sowie eine entsprechende Öffnung einer Kontaktfahne 668 greift und oberhalb derselben aufgebördelt ist um die Nietverbindung zu bilden. Die obere Elektrodenplatte 630 ist mittels einer nicht dargestellten gleichartigen Nietverbindung mit dem Isoliermaterialrahmen sowie einer Kontaktfahne verbunden. An der von der Nietverbindung abgelegenen Seite sind die Elektrodenplatte jeweils mittels einer hakenartigen Scharnierverbindung wie bei der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 5 mit dem Isoliermaterialrahmen verbunden.FIG. 7 shows a further modified embodiment with an insulating material frame 612 in which the PTC thermistor elements 622 are received and on which an upper elec trode plate 630 and a lower electrode plate 644 are attached. A contact lug 640 of the lower electrode plate 644 has a passage 664 formed thereon, which extends through an opening 663 of the insulating material frame 612 and a corresponding opening of a contact lug 668 and is crimped above the same to form the rivet connection. The upper electrode plate 630 is connected to the insulating material frame and a contact tab by means of a similar rivet connection, not shown. On the side remote from the rivet connection, the electrode plate is each connected to the insulating material frame by means of a hook-like hinge connection, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In weiterer Abwandlung aller dargestellten Ausführungsformen können Kontaktfahnen zum Anschluß von Steckverbindungselementen der elektrischen Anschlußleitungen auch direkt an den Elektrodenplatten ausgebildet sein, die dann aus einem dafür geeigneten Material bestehen müssen. Die Nietverbindungen dienen in diesem Fall nur der Verankerung der Elektrodenplatten am Isoliermaterialrahmen, welche Funktion sie ja bei den vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen ebenfalls neben der Funktion die elektrische Verbindung herzustellen haben.In a further modification of all the illustrated embodiments, contact tabs for connecting plug-in connection elements of the electrical connecting lines can also be formed directly on the electrode plates, which then have to be made of a suitable material. In this case, the rivet connections only serve to anchor the electrode plates to the insulating material frame, which function they also have to produce the electrical connection in addition to the function in the exemplary embodiments described above.

Claims (10)

mindestens 1. Elektrische Heizeinrichtung mit einem Heizelement aus Kaltleitermaterial, das an zwei gegenüberliegenden Flächen elektrisch leitende Beschichtungen als Kontaktschicht zur Stromzufuhr aufweist, durch die hindurch es die erzeugte Wärme an zwei wärmeleitende Isoliermaterialplatten abgibt, zwischen die es unter Druck eingespannt ist, wobei das Heizelement auf den beiden freien, die Kontaktschichten aufweisenden Seiten unter Zwischenlage von jeweils einer Schicht aus nachgiebigem Material mit den Isoliermaterialplatten belegt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Heizelement (22, 24; 522; 622) in eine Durchgangsöffnung eines Isoliermaterialrahmens (18; 512; 612) eingelegt und die nachgiebigen Materialschichten in Form von elektrisch leitenden, als Stromzuführungen dienenden Elektrodenplatten (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644) ausgebildet sind, die das Heizelement zwischen sich einschließend am Isoliermaterialrahmen (18; 512; 612) verankert sind.at least 1.Electrical heating device with a heating element made of PTC thermistor material, which on two opposite surfaces has electrically conductive coatings as a contact layer for power supply, through which it emits the heat generated to two thermally conductive insulating material plates, between which it is clamped under pressure, the heating element on the two free sides, which have the contact layers, are interposed with the insulating material plates, each with a layer of flexible material, characterized in that the heating element (22, 24; 522; 622) is inserted into a through opening of an insulating material frame (18; 512; 612) inserted and the resilient material layers in the form of electrically conductive electrode plates (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644) serving as current leads, which enclose the heating element between them on the insulating material frame (18; 512; 612). 2. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Verankerung die Elektrodenplatten (30, 44, 530, 544; 630, 644) mittels Nietverbindungen (64, 66; 564; 664) mit dem Isoliermaterialrahmen (16; 512; 612) verbunden sind.2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that for anchoring the electrode plates (30, 44, 530, 544; 630, 644) by means of rivet connections (64, 66; 564; 664) connected to the insulating material frame (16; 512; 612) are. 3. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nietverbindungen (64, 66; 564; 664) gleichzeitig elektrische Anschlußleitungen (68, 70; 568; 668) zur Stromzufuhr zu den Elektrodenplatten festhalten und eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung herstellen.3. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rivet connections (64, 66; 564; 664) simultaneously hold electrical connecting lines (68, 70; 568; 668) for power supply to the electrode plates and establish an electrically conductive connection. 4. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nietverbindungen von an den Elektrodenplatten (530, 544; 630, 644) ausgebildeten Nietverbindungselementen (561, 564; 664) gebildet werden.4. Heating device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the rivet connections of the electrode plates (530, 544; 630, 644) formed rivet connection elements (561, 564; 664) are formed. 5. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrodenplatte (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644) und die elektrische Anschlußleitung (68, 70; 568, 668) jeweils an verschiedenen Seiten des Isoliermaterialrahmens (18; 512; 612) angeordnet sind und die Nietverbindung (64, 66, 564; 664) die elektrische Verbindung dazwischen herstellt.5. Heating device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the electrode plate (30, 44; 530, 544; 630, 644) and the electrical connecting line (68, 70; 568, 668) each on different sides of the insulating material frame ( 18; 512; 612) are arranged and the rivet connection (64, 66, 564; 664) establishes the electrical connection between them. 6. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nietverbindungen (64,66, 564, 664) jeweils an Kontaktfahnen (60, 62; 560; 660) der Elektrodenplatten (30, 44, 530, 544; 630, 644) angebracht sind, die abgekröpft sind um den Isoliermaterialrahmen auf halber Höhe der Kaltleiterelemente zu tragen.6. Heating device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the rivet connections (64,66, 564, 664) each on contact tabs (60, 62; 560; 660) of the electrode plates (30, 44, 530, 544; 630 , 644) are attached, which are bent to support the insulating material frame halfway up the PTC thermistor elements. 7. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrodenplatten (30, 44, 530, 544; 630, 644) an ihrer der Nietverbindung über die Kaltleiterelemente hinweg abgelegenen Seite gekröpfte Justageansätze (32, 34, 50, 52) aufweisen, die scharnierartig in dafür vorgesehene Durchgangsöffnungen (36, 38, 46, 48) des Isoliermaterialrahmens (18; 512, 612) einhängbar sind und eine Verankerung bilden.7. Heating device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the electrode plates (30, 44, 530, 544; 630, 644) on their side of the riveted connection remote from the PTC thermistor elements offset adjustment lugs (32, 34, 50, 52 ) which can be hung like a hinge in through openings (36, 38, 46, 48) of the insulating material frame (18; 512, 612) provided for this purpose and form an anchoring. 8. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizelement (22; 522; 622) beiderseits mindestens mit seinen Kontaktschichten (26, 28) ein Stück aus dem Isoliermaterialrahmen (18; 512; 612) herausragt.8. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heating element (22; 522; 622) protrudes on both sides at least with its contact layers (26, 28) a piece from the insulating material frame (18; 512; 612). 9. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrodenplatten (30, 44; 530, 544, 630, 644) die Kontaktschichten (26, 28) des Heizelementes (22, 44; 522; 622) ganz abdecken und seitlich ein Stück über diese Hinausragen.9. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the electrode plates (30, 44; 530, 544, 630, 644) completely cover the contact layers (26, 28) of the heating element (22, 44; 522; 622) and protruding a bit on the side. 10. Heinzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Isoliermaterialrahmen eine dünne Glimmermaterialscheibe (18) dient.10. A heating device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a thin mica material disc (18) is used as the insulating material frame.
EP80104219A 1979-08-07 1980-07-18 Electrical heating device with a heating element havin a low resistance at low temperatures Withdrawn EP0023644A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2932026 1979-08-07
DE19792932026 DE2932026A1 (en) 1979-08-07 1979-08-07 ELECTRICAL HEATING EQUIPMENT WITH A HEATING ELEMENT MADE OF PTC MATERIAL

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US4341949A (en) 1982-07-27
DE2932026A1 (en) 1981-02-26

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