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EP0020761B1 - Procede pour le tri de matiere en grains ou de semences et installations de tri - Google Patents

Procede pour le tri de matiere en grains ou de semences et installations de tri Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020761B1
EP0020761B1 EP19800900550 EP80900550A EP0020761B1 EP 0020761 B1 EP0020761 B1 EP 0020761B1 EP 19800900550 EP19800900550 EP 19800900550 EP 80900550 A EP80900550 A EP 80900550A EP 0020761 B1 EP0020761 B1 EP 0020761B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damming
screen
members
sieve
material flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800900550
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0020761A1 (fr
Inventor
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AT80900550T priority Critical patent/ATE1168T1/de
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0020761A1 publication Critical patent/EP0020761A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0020761B1 publication Critical patent/EP0020761B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B07B1/522—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
    • B07B13/05—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size using material mover cooperating with retainer, deflector or discharger

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for classifying grain or seeds, such as for classifying cereal grains, seeds, legumes, rice grains, corn kernels, coffee beans or the like.
  • the invention also relates to a classifying device which is preferably suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the size of the grain is a quality criterion and as such must be adhered to within the narrowest possible limits.
  • classifying devices were also mostly limited to classifying only a small number of different classifying goods, since the respective classifying device was adapted accordingly to the different requirements of the individual good in the interest of a high discharge yield.
  • the object of the invention is to find a classification method in which the classification improves in size and the negative influence of form factors of the classified material is switched off as far as possible.
  • a method is to be found which, even in the case of such classification products, still permits the use of flat sieves in which the desired classification accuracy could not otherwise be achieved.
  • the method according to the invention should meet the highest demands both in terms of its performance and its classification accuracy, without the need for complicated additional expenditure.
  • the invention is also intended to find a device for carrying out such a method according to the invention, which is suitable for use with a large number of very different classifying goods (such as cereals, legumes, soybeans, coffee beans, seeds or the like) and with which a particularly good classification can be achieved, which is particularly important in the extraction of seeds, on which a substantial part of the progress possible in agricultural production is based.
  • classifying goods such as cereals, legumes, soybeans, coffee beans, seeds or the like
  • this object is achieved in a method for classifying grain or seed by placing the material on a sieve surface which is preferably linearly vibrated and over which the material is moved, while simultaneously moving the material flow over the sieve surface at several " successive points by means of mechanical means Limbs are acted on, in that the material cleaned in a first stage of foreign substances is accumulated during its movement over the sieve surface by means of the mechanical limbs in such a way that a reverse flow overlying the main flow of the material occurs in the accumulation area.
  • the method according to the invention has surprisingly achieved great success in practice.
  • the principle previously represented in the specialist world that the sieving capacity is at a maximum at a relatively low dumping height and decreases with increasing dumping height is completely broken through in the invention by deliberately requiring repeated jam there.
  • a targeted grain movement in the grain layer is achieved in the process according to the invention, in particular also counter to the general flow direction of the material, which results in a surprisingly good sieving effect.
  • the individual grains are literally “set up” and can thus fall through the perforated screen with their smallest cross-sectional area.
  • Grains e.g. coming into contact with the screen perforation at a slight incline are literally set up by the grain layer above and guided into the opening with a slight pressure.
  • the product stowage also has the particular advantage that the product is repeatedly forced to recirculate. This means that a grain is given more than once in each barrage to take a favorable position for passage through the perforated screen.
  • the crop stream is preferably dammed up to a height of 2 to 5 cm and conveyed from dam stage to dam stage in an area directly above the sieve surface (the height dimensions given being particularly favorable for the processing of rice; in the case of corn, it is advisable to thaw even more than 5 cm high).
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that a dam member directed at a low pressure against the crop flow is used as the mechanical member forming a dam stage and the size of the passage cross section is regulated as a function of the crop flow.
  • the deflection of the dam member can be associated with a progressively increasing force.
  • the passage cross-section will usually have a size corresponding to one to three times the thickness of a single grain or will oscillate approximately at such a value; if more product is being conveyed at the moment, the passage cross-section should be able to adapt by opening it accordingly.
  • the device according to the invention is based on a classifying device with at least one flat sieve, which preferably has a linearly acting vibration drive and has one or more conveying and classifying sections on its sieve surface for the material flow to be classified, several of which are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the sieve and in the direction mechanical links extending towards the screen surface are provided.
  • the mechanical members are designed as damming members for the local build-up of the flow of material on the sieve surface in such a way that a backward flow overlying the main flow of the material occurs in the accumulation area.
  • the screen is in the longitudinal direction is divided into at least two compartments and each compartment has dam members.
  • a particularly simple but effective design for the dam members can be achieved in a classifying device according to the invention in that the dam members are designed as hanging swing doors that can be opened by the flow of material in its conveying direction.
  • the inclination of the damming members and / or their distance from the screen surface can be or is adjustable in a classifying device according to the invention. It is particularly advantageous if the dam members arranged in the sieve box of the sieve are adjustable from the outside and if the sieve box for controlling the setting of the dam members is at least partially made of transparent material, preferably transparent plastic, such as e.g. Plexiglas, is carried out, which means that the classification quality can also be checked during operation.
  • transparent material preferably transparent plastic, such as e.g. Plexiglas
  • the dam members are made of solid rubber, plastic or reinforced material.
  • congestion links made of rubber of medium softness has proven particularly good.
  • the dam members have a function which corresponds to that of a curtain, as has been used in the past (but only to hold back spray particles).
  • the retention force of the damming member should always be so great that product stagnation is ensured in all operating cases, the height of the product stowage should advantageously be approximately approximately twice as large or even greater than the corresponding layer height in the previously known normal sieving technology.
  • the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1, in which, in a manner known per se, the product to be classified is first cleaned in a stage 1 and then in the actual classification stage 2 into the desired size classes. In this way, the classifying screen is not burdened from the outset by undesirable additives.
  • the classifying screen has several outputs.
  • a screening device 4 is shown with two parallel compartments 5 and 6, which are separated by an intermediate floor 7.
  • the inclination (a) of the sieve device 4 as a whole is adjustable.
  • the scheme parts 8 and 9 are arranged in the head part 10 of the screening device 4 and the necessary scheme parts 12 in the foot part 11 of the screening device.
  • the flow of the classified material e.g. a grain flow or a flow of coffee beans is fed into the sieving device 4 via the inlets 13 and 14 of the head part 10.
  • the diarrhea of the sieves 15 and 15 is passed on via an outlet 17 and 19, and the repulsion of the sieves 15 and 16 in each case via an outlet 18 and 20.
  • the sieve device 4 has damming members 21 which divide the entire sieve zone or the corresponding process zone into several units.
  • a vibrator P symbolically represented in FIG. 2 as an electromagnet, sets the sieve device 4 in vibration.
  • unbalance vibrators can also be used in practice, the inclination ( ⁇ ) of which can be adjusted and which, by suitable attachment, can produce a, preferably linear, oscillating movement.
  • Figure 3 shows a single screen 30 which is provided with five dam members 21.
  • the sieve bottom consists of a sieve surface 31 and a wire mesh 32, both of which form a cavity 33 in which balls 34 are located for the continuous cleaning of the sieve 30.
  • FIG. 4 shows the combination of the dam members 21: two wooden strips 40 separate the entire sieve zone into three longitudinal channels as longitudinal strips and are fastened to a sieve 43 with screws 42.
  • FIG. 5 shows the representation of a dam member 53.
  • Screws 51 are attached in a wooden strip 50 and fastened by means of nuts 52.
  • the actual dam member 53 is angled sen 54 connected to the screw 51.
  • the angle iron 54 is fixed by nuts 55 and 56.
  • the angle iron 54 and thus the dam member 53 can be adjusted in its height 57 (relative to the sieve).
  • the dam member 53 is advantageously made of materials such as rubber, plastic, reinforced or rigid fabrics and - in special cases - also of sheet metal. It is essential that the damming element 53 opposes the product flow with a resistance, through which it can cause a certain damming effect. Possibly. Even a single dam member 53 on a screen surface can lead to a significant improvement in the classification.
  • the distance (X) between the dam member and the sieve surface adjusts itself.
  • dam members could, however, also be designed as pendulum flaps hanging on hinges and deflectable by the product flow in the direction of product flow, whereby a simple but effective self-regulation of the passage cross-section can also be achieved depending on the strength of the product flow.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the sequence of movements of the flow of the classified material.
  • the entire screening zone is divided into a number of individual processing zones 60 by the various damming members.
  • the main product flow along the screen is overlaid by a backward flow in the individual process zones.
  • the damming member 61 jams the product flow, the individual grains performing a vertical movement upwards and then being moved backwards in accordance with the direction of the arrow 62 due to the (linear) vibration of the sieve box.
  • 61 grains are only shown on the left of the damming element in FIG. 7, on the other hand only a sieve plate without grains on the right (although grains are of course present in the practical process).
  • the longitudinal direction is shown by the arrow L.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment for a dam member, which here is in the form of a brush 65, preferably made of plastic, which is attached above the sieve bottom 67.
  • the product is fed into the screening device 4 via the inlet.
  • the dam members divide the entire sieve zone into several individual units, with FIG. 7 very clearly showing how it works within a single unit.
  • the product flow is jammed over the damming members, whereby the individual grains move vertically upwards; they are conveyed backwards by the forward movement of a lowermost grain layer on the one hand and the linear movement of the screening device 4 on the other hand (cf. FIG. 7).
  • the accumulating grains inhibit the lowest grain position in the forward movement, which creates a rollover effect.
  • the grains of the lowest grain layer are regularly brought into a vertical position and fall down over their smallest cross-section through the perforated sieve.
  • a side wall of the screening device is preferably formed from plexiglass. Since the dam members, for example according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, can be adjusted in their height, an adjustment can be made both on the basis of the observation by the operator and on the basis of the sieving performance until the desired grain movement in the individual sieving zones is optimal, i.e. until the highest classification performance occurs.
  • the dam members can also be easily replaced. This makes it possible to adapt the retention force of the damming elements to the flow properties of the product and thereby optimally classify different products.
  • the use of up to six damming elements per meter of screen length has proven to be particularly advantageous. It is also advantageous to make the sieve inclination and the vibration intensity adaptable to the respective application. A particularly effective use of the sieve inclination setting is given because the product cannot simply swim away as a push-off in the case of a larger inclined position.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

Procede et installation pour le tri de matieres en grains ou de semences comme par exemple des grains de cafe. Le probleme principal lors du tri de matieres de ce genre, reside dans la forme des grains qui est tres eloignee d'une forme ronde, ce qui a pour consequence que les grains traversent les mailles d'un tamis egalement en fonction de leur position par rapport a ce tamis. Dans le procede decrit la matiere a trier est dans une premiere etape debarrassee des matieres etrangeres puis triee dans un tamis en mouvement (15, 16) de preference lineaire. Le mouvement vibratoire en liaison avec des chicanes de barrage produit un etalement de la matiere sur la surface du tamis et contraint les grains a se deplacer suivant leur axe longitudinal. On augmente ainsi la probabilite que les grains se presentent par leur section la plus reduite et traversent ainsi les mailles du tamis. Le rendement de l'operation de tamisage s'en trouve augmente. L'installation comporte au-dessus du tamis (15, 16) des chicanes de barrage (21) transversales au mouvement de la matiere realisees de preference en une matiere elastique comme du caoutchouc rigide.

Claims (11)

1. Procédé de triage de grains ou de semences en faisant passer le produit sur une surface de criblage ou tamisage plane mise en oscillations de préférence linéaires (15, 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67), que franchit le produit, en agissant en même temps sur le courant de matière se déplaçant sur la surface de tamisage (15, 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67) en plusieurs emplacements successifs au moyen d'organes mécaniques (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) caractérisé en ce que l'on accumule le produit débarrassé de substances étrangères dans un premier stade, pendant son mouvement sur la surface de tamisage (15, 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67) au moyen des organes mécaniques (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) de façon qu'il se forme dans chaque zone d'accumulation un contre-courant superposé au courant de matière principal.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le courant de produit s'accumule dans chaque cas de préférence à une hauteur de 2 à 5 cm et est acheminé d'un stade d'accumulation à l'autre dans une zone située juste au-dessus de la surface de tamisage (15, 16 ; 11 ; 43 ; 67).
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme organe mécanique constituant chaque stade d'accumulation un organe d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) dirigé avec une faible pression contre le courant de produit, et en ce que l'on règle la valeur (x) de la section de passage en fonction du courant de produit.
4. Appareil de triage comportant au moins un tamis plan qui comporte un mécanisme de mise en oscillations P agissant de préférence linéaire- ment et sur sa surface de tamisage (15, 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67) un ou plusieurs parcours de transport et de triage pour le courant de produit à trier, comportant plusieurs organes mécaniques (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) s'étendant perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale du tamis plan et en direction de la surface de tamisage, notamment pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les organes mécaniques sont conformés en organes d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) pour accumuler localement le courant de produit à la surface de tamis (15 ; 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67) plan de façon qu'il se forme dans la zone d'accumulation un courant de sens contraire se superposant au courant de produit principal.
5. Appareil selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que trois organes d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) au moins sont disposés dans le sens de la longueur du tamis.
6. Appareil selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que les organes d'accumulation 53 sont conformés en portes battantes qui peuvent être ouvertes par le courant de produit dans son sens de transport.
7. Appareil selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le tamis est subdivisé dans le sens de la longueur en au moins deux sections (5, 6) et en ce que chaque section comporte des organes d'accumulation 21.
8. Appareil selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison des organes d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) et/ou leur distance 57 à la surface de tamisage (15, 16 ; 31 ; 43 ; 67) sont/est réglable(s).
9. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les organes d'accumulation (53) placés dans le boîtier du tamis sont réglables en hauteur, et en ce que le boîtier de tamis est au moins en partie en matière transparente pour contrôler le réglage des organes d'accumulation (53).
10. Appareil selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé par le fait que les organes d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61 ; 65) sont fournis par des bandes en matériau élastique disposés sur un support fixe.
11. Appareil selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé par le fait que les organes d'accumulation (21 ; 53 ; 61) sont en caoutchouc, matière plastique ou en un matériau renforcé.
EP19800900550 1979-03-05 1980-09-24 Procede pour le tri de matiere en grains ou de semences et installations de tri Expired EP0020761B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80900550T ATE1168T1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-03-05 Verfahren zum klassieren von korngut oder saatgut und klassiervorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH212779 1979-03-05
CH2127/79 1979-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020761A1 EP0020761A1 (fr) 1981-01-07
EP0020761B1 true EP0020761B1 (fr) 1982-06-09

Family

ID=4226503

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800200342 Expired EP0015633B1 (fr) 1979-03-05 1980-03-05 Procédé et dispositif de classement de grains ou de semences
EP19800900550 Expired EP0020761B1 (fr) 1979-03-05 1980-09-24 Procede pour le tri de matiere en grains ou de semences et installations de tri

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800200342 Expired EP0015633B1 (fr) 1979-03-05 1980-03-05 Procédé et dispositif de classement de grains ou de semences

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0015633B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS56500324A (fr)
BR (1) BR8007232A (fr)
DE (1) DE3060512D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK419980A (fr)
WO (1) WO1980001885A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4302360A1 (de) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-04 Zimmermann Wolfgang Mischvorrichtungen für Siebe
JP2660664B2 (ja) * 1994-07-11 1997-10-08 新キャタピラー三菱株式会社 作業用自走車の掘削篩い選別装置
CN1095737C (zh) * 1997-04-17 2002-12-11 麦特索控制板有限公司 用于分级和散布尤其是纤维状微粒的设备
NL1012513C2 (nl) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-08 Kaliwaal Bijland B V Zeef.
DE102007052473A1 (de) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Schott Solar Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aussieben von Partikeln
CN108480215B (zh) * 2018-06-07 2024-03-26 福建天天源生物科技有限公司 提升式菌菇分选装置
CN112517391A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-19 楼小莲 一种农业用种子除杂晾晒装置
CN113019927B (zh) * 2021-04-22 2022-03-11 河南农业大学 一种荷花种子饱瘪筛分装置
CN115254625B (zh) * 2022-08-08 2023-08-25 中建一局集团第五建筑有限公司 一种基于分层式结构建筑用砂石筛分装置及其筛分方法
CN117563945B (zh) * 2024-01-17 2024-04-19 吉林省向宇农副产品有限公司 一种瓜子加工用筛选机

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE555642C (de) * 1932-07-27 Edwin Goodwin Steele Sortierherd fuer Getreide o. dgl.
DE282289C (fr) *
BE389758A (fr) *
US1523389A (en) * 1923-01-29 1925-01-20 Otto F Beythan Grain sorting and cleaning machine
FR648206A (fr) * 1927-10-03 1928-12-06 Machine automatique permettant d'obtenir, séparées des coques et classées, des amandes, noix, noisettes et autres fruits déjà cassés
US1981081A (en) * 1931-06-22 1934-11-20 Lowe E Simpson Sifting apparatus
US2187273A (en) * 1937-07-12 1940-01-16 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Hammer screen
US2954124A (en) * 1957-02-06 1960-09-27 Roy N Young Separator
US3844411A (en) * 1972-09-25 1974-10-29 M Lewis Object segregating mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0020761A1 (fr) 1981-01-07
DE3060512D1 (en) 1982-07-29
JPS56500324A (fr) 1981-03-19
EP0015633A1 (fr) 1980-09-17
BR8007232A (pt) 1981-02-03
WO1980001885A1 (fr) 1980-09-18
DK419980A (da) 1980-10-03
EP0015633B1 (fr) 1981-11-25

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