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EP0018607A1 - Procédé et dispositif de prébroyage d'amandes de cacao - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de prébroyage d'amandes de cacao Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018607A1
EP0018607A1 EP80102250A EP80102250A EP0018607A1 EP 0018607 A1 EP0018607 A1 EP 0018607A1 EP 80102250 A EP80102250 A EP 80102250A EP 80102250 A EP80102250 A EP 80102250A EP 0018607 A1 EP0018607 A1 EP 0018607A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
mill
treatment
stage
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80102250A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0018607B1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Kuster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0018607A1 publication Critical patent/EP0018607A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0018607B1 publication Critical patent/EP0018607B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of cocoa or cocoa products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of cocoa or cocoa products
    • A23G1/06—Apparatus for preparing or treating cocoa beans or nibs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of cocoa or cocoa products
    • A23G1/10—Mixing apparatus; Roller mills for preparing chocolate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for pre-grinding cocoa seed material, in which the cocoa seed material is fed to and ground in a pre-grinding device and the ground product is removed from the mill.
  • cocoa seed is to be understood to mean both roasted and unroasted, peeled cocoa beans, which may have already broken.
  • the core material to be processed is therefore very coarse-grained, so that it must first be subjected to a pre-grinding process. In relation to a subsequent fine grinding stage, roughly 4 to 5 times the amount of heat is generated when pre-grinding cocoa seed. There is a risk that undesirable aroma changes or other damage to the product may occur due to excessive heating of the core material.
  • a starting product e.g. Cocoa kernels, or cocoa kernel
  • a series of treatment processes among which the crushing and liquefaction of the latter play an important role.
  • the starting product is fed to a pre-grinding device and subjected to a grinding process and a subsequent further treatment process in which the already ground product is mixed, homogenized and transported. Operation takes place at atmospheric pressure and at grinding temperatures of 100 ° to 130 ° C.
  • An initial product is supplied to the pre-grinding device, which has a moisture content of not more than 2.5%.
  • the product removed from the pre-grinding device is still loaded with undesirable, volatile substances and has essentially the same temperatures and the same moisture content. Accordingly, the product will be released at a later date C onchiervon stirred, dehumidified and freed from unwanted, volatile substances, ie refined.
  • the high grinding temperatures that occur mean unused heat and energy losses and possibly a deterioration in the product.
  • the humidity level of the starting point must not exceed 2.5%, which means a serious limitation.
  • a wetter starting product would therefore have to be pre-dried in order to be successfully milled.
  • the refinement must be carried out in a separate process step in a special facility.
  • the required investment, energy and manufacturing costs are undesirably high.
  • the pre-grinding heat is not used here and additional heating energy is required.
  • the cocoa and chocolate mass is conveyed in a thin layer after the pre-grinding through a preferably heated vacuum evaporation space, volatile substances being drawn off. Aromas that have escaped can be recovered later.
  • the object of the present invention is to dehumidify or degas cocoa kernel even at higher moisture contents than previously customary in the pre-grinding stage without the aroma being damaged by overheating and additional heating energy being required.
  • the invention provides that, while the product is pre-ground, the vapors from an at least one grinding chamber of the pre-grinding device at an absolute pressure of at most 0.8 bar, preferably at most 0.6 bar and in particular at about 0.2 bar is continuously withdrawn. Due to the vacuum applied to the pre-grinding device according to the invention with a negative pressure At least 0.2, preferably 0.4 and preferably about 0.8 bar, such a strong evaporation or evaporation process is started within the pre-grinding device that the ground material is cooled to temperatures of at most 8 0 to 100 0 C. This ensures that aroma damage caused by overheating the ground material is avoided.
  • the dehumidification or degassing of the millbase which at the same time means refinement, is carried out without heating the millbase requiring energy.
  • the heat generated during the pre-grinding process is advantageously used in optimal interaction with the vacuum applied for dehumidification and degassing.
  • a special combination effect is achieved in which the desired dehumidification and degassing is accompanied by cooling, which, however, is limited to such an extent that additional heating of the material to be ground is unnecessary.
  • the moisture content of the cocoa kernel serving as the starting product for the process according to the invention is more than 3%, for example between 3 and 6%, a completely satisfactory dehumidification can be achieved with the process according to the invention.
  • Both lightly roasted core material with a moisture content of up to 4% and unroasted core material with a moisture content of 3 to 6% can be processed.
  • the dehumidification brought about according to the invention is also the important because it can achieve better liquefaction because less water remains in the regrind due to the water removal.
  • the negative pressure in the grinding chamber results in significantly lower grinding temperatures, greater evaporation of the moisture contained in the product and better deacidification and degassing. Which is carried kontinuieliches removing rough rude. Product refined, so that an additionally necessary finishing process is significantly simplified. This saves energy and costs. Furthermore, a product which has not been or has only been slightly dried can be used as the starting material, which likewise makes a significant contribution to saving energy.
  • the vacuum is therefore preferably set to such a value that the ground material assumes a temperature of 80 to 1000 ° C.
  • the preferred device for carrying out the method according to the invention with a pre-grinding device for grinding cocoa seed having at least one step is characterized in that each step of the pre-grinding device has a narrow gap mill that a sealing device is provided on the input side of the pre-grinding device, which seals the entrance of the pre-grinding device to the outside , and that a vacuum generating device is provided on the output side of the last stage of the pre-grinding device, which draws off vapors at least from the last stage and at the same time generates the vacuum there.
  • the treatment room for the ground product is mainly used to stir the product so that as much surface as possible in the treatment Exposed space is exposed, so that the dehumidification or evaporation is promoted.
  • the grinding process according to the invention advantageously takes place in an impact mill disclosed in DE-AS 15 07 473 with an inevitably and continuously working product supply to a rotor.
  • impact tools of the rotor are surrounded at a short distance by a cylindrical boundary surface which is at least partially designed as a sieve.
  • the impact tools protrude at certain circumferential distances from the rotor as rigid walls or pins on its closed circumferential surface. They can be inserted in transverse, appropriately designed grooves along the circumferential surface of the rotor.
  • the refinement is carried out in devices and machines separate from the impact mill, usually in a conche.
  • the grinding device can also be a ball mill, in particular an agitator mill or a friction slit mill.
  • the additional design effort required is relatively low.
  • an impact and shear mill can advantageously be provided per stage, which has an inevitably and continuously working product feed to a rotor.
  • impact tools of the rotor are surrounded at a small distance by a cylindrical boundary surface, at least partially designed as a sieve, and protrude from its closed peripheral surface at certain circumferential distances of the rotor.
  • Such mills have been built for some time and have proven themselves well for the present purpose.
  • the vacuum device is connected to the side of the treatment device that is opposite to the outlet of this treatment device. Then the product transported away from this port. It is shown that B etechnischsvoriques on the side to extend the vacuum port on the connection with the grinder.
  • the pre-grinding device 1 for example an impact and shear mill, is preceded by a feed device 12 and a treatment device 2 with a screw 4, which is driven by a drive device 3, is connected downstream.
  • a feed device 12 which in practice is a feed screw
  • a dosing screw 9 a sealing device 10, for example a lock, in particular lellenradschleuse, and arranged in the feeder 12 opening, designed as a funnel intermediate piece 11.
  • the inlet funnel 8 serves as a feed device for the starting product, whereas the magnetic slide is provided for the separation of iron parts.
  • the treatment device 2 has at its end facing the drive device 3 the suction box 6, for example a cascade separator, the vacuum pump 7 connected to it via the line 13, for example a water ring pump, and the outlet box 5 at its outlet end.
  • the devices 9 and 12 are connected to one another via a drive mechanism 18, for example a chain drive, and their rotational speeds, which are in a fixed relation to one another, can be set by means of the variator 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the impact and shear pre-grinding device 1 known from DE-AS 15.07-473 with a feed device 12 and an intermediate piece 11 designed as a feed funnel.
  • a screw conveyor 21 is rotatably arranged, the roller bearing 23 held between the housing 20 and a cover 22 being used to support it.
  • the screw conveyor 21 is driven via the drive wheel 24.
  • the housing 20 with the screw conveyor 21 is connected to a housing 25 of the pre-grinding device 1.
  • a screen 26 forming the housing 25 is arranged between two side end walls (not visible in FIG. 2).
  • a closed wall 29 is provided following a connecting piece 27 with an inlet opening 28 from the feed device 12, while at a distance therefrom and at a distance from one another individual retaining webs 30 arranged between the said end walls are provided.
  • a rotor 31 is fastened on the shaft 32 in the housing 25. The rotor 31 is driven via this.
  • the impact tools 34 are included. These consist of strips 35 and are provided with pins 36 projecting on both sides.
  • the length of the impact tools 34 largely corresponds to the width of the rotor 31, and this in turn essentially corresponds to the distance between the side end walls.
  • the space outside the housing 25 is designed as a collecting duct 37 and delimited by a duct wall 38. This channel wall 38 converges to an outlet 39. The product flows from the grinding device 1 into the treatment device 2 via this.
  • the initial cocoa seed e.g. in the form of cocoa kernel
  • the ground product flows from the grinding device 1 into the treatment device 2 and is conveyed through the screw 1 to the outlet box 5 and discharged by means of the product feed pump .
  • Vapor is continuously drawn off by the vacuum pump 7 from the grinding device 1 and the treatment device 2 via the suction box 6. The required vacuum is thus generated in devices 1 and 2. With the vapor, air, moisture and unwanted volatile substances escape from the product, which thus leaves the treatment device 2 in a refined state.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the one described above in that the mill has two stages connected in series, each with a pre-grinding device 1, 1 ', for example an impact mill, and a treatment device 2, 2'.
  • the inlet funnel 8, the metering screw 9, the sealing device 10 and the feed device 12 are on the inlet side of the first pre-grinding device 1, whereas the suction box 6, the vacuum pump 7 and the line 13 are arranged on the outlet end of the second treatment device 2 '.
  • the product flows from the first treatment device 2 into the second grinding device 1 'via the inlet connection 14.
  • the drive motor 15 and the drive mechanism 19, consisting of disks, belts, drive the grinding devices 1, 1', and the drive motor 16 drives the lock.
  • the variator 17 with the drive mechanism 18 also serves here for the stepless adjustment of the speeds of the parts 9 and 12.
  • both stages 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' can be kept under negative pressure.
  • the operation of this embodiment can be carried out under the following conditions:
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 5 also has a pre-grinding device with two stages, which is the same as that according to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the sealing device 10 is arranged on the input side of the second stage 1 '- between the first treatment device 2 and the second feed device 12'.
  • a metering screw 9 'and an inlet funnel 8 feeding it are arranged on the input side of the first stage 1.
  • the dosing screw 9 'and the feed device 12' are each assigned a variator 17 or 17 'for setting their speeds.
  • the feed device 12 ' receives the cocoa product from the treatment device 2 via the sealing device 10 and feeds it to the second stage 1'.
  • the grinding can only be carried out under atmospheric pressure in the first stage, but also under negative pressure in the second stage.
  • a targeted control of the finishing process can e.g. can be achieved in that the mill is supplied with a vaporous or gaseous carrier medium continuously or at intervals, which is particularly suitable for taking along unwanted, volatile substances.
  • the carrier medium can e.g. Air, nitrogen or one of the inert gases.
  • a ball mill or a friction mill can be used as the pre-grinding device.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
EP19800102250 1979-04-26 1980-04-25 Procédé et dispositif de prébroyage d'amandes de cacao Expired EP0018607B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH396179 1979-04-26
CH3961/79 1979-04-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0018607A1 true EP0018607A1 (fr) 1980-11-12
EP0018607B1 EP0018607B1 (fr) 1982-04-07

Family

ID=4267181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800102250 Expired EP0018607B1 (fr) 1979-04-26 1980-04-25 Procédé et dispositif de prébroyage d'amandes de cacao

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EP (1) EP0018607B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3060277D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3406370A1 (de) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-27 Gebrüder Bühler AG, Uzwil Verfahren zum behandeln von schalenfruechten
EP0157896A1 (fr) * 1984-04-12 1985-10-16 Probat-Werke von Gimborn GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et appareil pour la prébroyage des graines oléagineuses, notamment de graines de cacao
EP0324400A3 (en) * 1988-01-14 1990-05-30 Johann Georg Dr. Schnitzer Method of and device for making mill products
WO2002021946A3 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-06-06 Mars Inc Matieres alimentaires a flaveur et fonctionnalite ameliorees du fait d'une reduction de taille en atmosphere modifiee
EP2806749B1 (fr) 2012-01-27 2015-12-02 Royal Duyvis Wiener B.V. Dispositif et procédé de conchage de masse comestible

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1007608B (de) * 1953-01-05 1957-05-02 Robert Sollich Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veredeln von Kakao- oder Schokoladenmassen
DE1226406B (de) * 1964-09-11 1966-10-06 Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feinmahlen von Kakaobohnen
DE1482515A1 (de) * 1965-08-05 1969-01-30 Ultrex Chemie Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Zerkleinern und Veredeln von Kakao- und Schokoladenmassen
FR1567475A (fr) * 1967-05-26 1969-05-16
DE1507473A1 (de) * 1966-05-11 1969-07-24 Buehler Ag Geb Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung und/oder teilweisen Verfluessigung von Gut sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1007608B (de) * 1953-01-05 1957-05-02 Robert Sollich Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veredeln von Kakao- oder Schokoladenmassen
DE1226406B (de) * 1964-09-11 1966-10-06 Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feinmahlen von Kakaobohnen
DE1482515A1 (de) * 1965-08-05 1969-01-30 Ultrex Chemie Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Zerkleinern und Veredeln von Kakao- und Schokoladenmassen
DE1507473A1 (de) * 1966-05-11 1969-07-24 Buehler Ag Geb Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung und/oder teilweisen Verfluessigung von Gut sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
FR1567475A (fr) * 1967-05-26 1969-05-16

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3406370A1 (de) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-27 Gebrüder Bühler AG, Uzwil Verfahren zum behandeln von schalenfruechten
EP0157896A1 (fr) * 1984-04-12 1985-10-16 Probat-Werke von Gimborn GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et appareil pour la prébroyage des graines oléagineuses, notamment de graines de cacao
EP0324400A3 (en) * 1988-01-14 1990-05-30 Johann Georg Dr. Schnitzer Method of and device for making mill products
WO2002021946A3 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-06-06 Mars Inc Matieres alimentaires a flaveur et fonctionnalite ameliorees du fait d'une reduction de taille en atmosphere modifiee
US6521278B1 (en) 2000-09-12 2003-02-18 Mars, Incorporated Food materials with improved flavor and functionality due to size reduction in a modified atmosphere
US6761924B2 (en) 2000-09-12 2004-07-13 Mars, Incorporated Food materials with improved flavor and functionality due to size reduction in a modified atmosphere
EP2806749B1 (fr) 2012-01-27 2015-12-02 Royal Duyvis Wiener B.V. Dispositif et procédé de conchage de masse comestible
EP2806749B2 (fr) † 2012-01-27 2018-09-26 Royal Duyvis Wiener B.V. Dispositif et procédé de conchage de masse comestible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0018607B1 (fr) 1982-04-07
DE3060277D1 (en) 1982-05-19

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