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EP0018691B1 - Roof covering strip - Google Patents

Roof covering strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018691B1
EP0018691B1 EP80200394A EP80200394A EP0018691B1 EP 0018691 B1 EP0018691 B1 EP 0018691B1 EP 80200394 A EP80200394 A EP 80200394A EP 80200394 A EP80200394 A EP 80200394A EP 0018691 B1 EP0018691 B1 EP 0018691B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof covering
covering strip
strip according
coating
roof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200394A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0018691A3 (en
EP0018691B2 (en
EP0018691A2 (en
Inventor
Gert Dipl.-Vw. Even
Josef Kern
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruenau Illertissen GmbH
Original Assignee
Schusterinsel Opladen Textilveredlungsgesellschaft mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Schusterinsel Opladen Textilveredlungsgesellschaft mbH filed Critical Schusterinsel Opladen Textilveredlungsgesellschaft mbH
Priority to AT80200394T priority Critical patent/ATE2231T1/en
Publication of EP0018691A2 publication Critical patent/EP0018691A2/en
Publication of EP0018691A3 publication Critical patent/EP0018691A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0018691B1 publication Critical patent/EP0018691B1/en
Publication of EP0018691B2 publication Critical patent/EP0018691B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2049—Each major face of the fabric has at least one coating or impregnation
    • Y10T442/2057—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y10T442/2066—Different coatings or impregnations on opposite faces of the fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2525—Coating or impregnation functions biologically [e.g., insect repellent, antiseptic, insecticide, bactericide, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/259—Coating or impregnation provides protection from radiation [e.g., U.V., visible light, I.R., micscheme-change-itemave, high energy particle, etc.] or heat retention thru radiation absorption
    • Y10T442/2607—Radiation absorptive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y10T442/2713—Halogen containing

Definitions

  • Plastic roofing membranes are known. They usually consist of foils approximately 1 mm thick made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A mesh fabric 3 x 3 to 6 x 6 can also be inserted into the film for reinforcement, or such a mesh fabric is laminated between two thinner PVC films.
  • the roof covering sheets made of PVC have the advantage that they can be prefabricated and are therefore inexpensive and easy to install and have a higher water vapor permeability than sheets made of bitumen or synthetic rubber.
  • Their mechanical vulnerability to pointed objects, such as roof nails accidentally left behind or pointed gravel stones has proven to be disadvantageous. If PVC roof foils harden or become brittle and shrink over time, this is primarily due to the loss of plasticizer through evaporation, migration or decomposition. If a conventional PVC roof covering sheet is laid on a bitumen roof without an intermediate layer, part of the plasticizer migrates into the bitumen over time.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a roofing membrane that no longer has the disadvantages described and is characterized above all by great mechanical stability, against perforation caused by carelessness, or other damage, is practically insensitive in construction, any elongation or everyone Shrinking opposes, so that even after many years, no destructive tensions caused by shrinkage or on sloping roofs no elongations caused by tensile stress due to its own weight can occur.
  • the mechanical stability should be so great that punctiform fastening becomes the rule and the usual gravel can be dispensed with.
  • the roof covering membrane should be able to be manufactured in extremely large widths and should be so strong that it can be nailed down without any problems.
  • the water vapor permeability should be so high that the roof covering membrane, e.g.
  • the underside of the roof covering membrane should be bitumen-resistant so that the membrane can be laid directly on a bitumen roof that has become leaky and the old roof structure does not have to be removed beforehand.
  • a suitable chemical composition, both of the fabric and the PVC coating should ensure that the roof covering sheet has a long service life, even under extreme conditions, so that, for example, the usual gravel is not required for flat roofs.
  • the roof covering membrane should be flame-retardant in the sense of the building regulations, because even the renovation of an easily flammable roof leads to much greater resistance to flying sparks and radiant heat simply by covering with such a membrane.
  • roof covering sheets made of a PVC-coated fabric on both sides in that the fabric is a full fabric made of high-strength synthetic single fibers or continuous yarns with a basis weight of 150 to 300 g / m 2 and a fabric tear strength of at least 200 daN / 5 cm.
  • Fabrics made of polyesters or aramids customary for textile purposes are particularly suitable.
  • the use of such a tightly closed or closed fabric made of high-strength fibers forms a barely destructible and extremely dimensionally stable backbone of the roof covering sheet according to the invention and reduces the risk of perforations, elongation or shrinkage to a minimum.
  • the great mechanical stability enables punctiform attachment.
  • the PVC coating of the top and bottom of the roof covering sheet according to the invention is preferably different and adapted to the respective requirements. If, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the underside is to be bitumen-resistant, the PVC coating here contains only polymer plasticizers as plasticizers. These are customary in the trade. Polyester plasticizers based on dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 10 C atoms and diols with 2 to 6 C atoms have proven particularly useful. The polymer plasticizers are used in a ratio of about 85 to 105 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of PVC. The advantage of polymer plasticizers is that even when laying on bitumen, they do not migrate into the bitumen, but remain in the PVC coating and therefore prevent it from hardening or becoming brittle.
  • plasticizers are selected for the top layer of the roof covering sheet, which are immiscible with the polymer plasticizer of the bottom layer. This ensures that Even the plasticizer of the top layer cannot migrate through the fabric and the bottom layer into the bitumen of an old roof covering if the roof covering sheet is used for a long time.
  • Suitable plasticizers for the upper coating which are very stable and not very volatile and therefore neither evaporate nor be destroyed by weather influences, are, for example, phthalate plasticizers with 12 to 24 aliphatic carbon atoms in the alcohol component of the ester. If it is not important during use that the roof covering sheet is resistant to bitumen, oily wood preservatives or the like, the plasticizers customary for PVC, in particular phthalate plasticizers, can also be used for the lower coating.
  • the roof covering sheets according to the invention are produced anyway by a plurality of spreads applied one after the other, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to use this production technique for the lower and / or upper coating to consist of 6 to 10 differently composed individual layers.
  • the usual UV absorbers e.g. based on anthraquinone derivatives, mainly incorporated in the outer cover layers of the top in concentrations of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight of the coating.
  • the pigments such as. B. Titan white, which ensures that the top is not only extremely light and weather resistant, but also very bright. This results in a strong radiation of incoming solar heat and, as a result, a lower temperature of the roof skin. This is also beneficial for the life of the roof covering.
  • the construction of the roof covering sheet according to the invention in different layers makes it possible to use different fungicides, e.g. To accommodate arsenic, tin or mercury compounds in concentrations of 1 to 3 percent by weight of the coating in different layers. You then get by with smaller amounts of the fungicide in the individual layer and this increases the compatibility of the fungicides with the PVC and the other necessary additives such as stabilizers and additives. Fungi that have developed a certain resistance to a certain fungicide after a long time then encounter a fungicide in the next layer that they are not yet resistant to. This also increases the service life of the roof covering membrane constructed in this way.
  • fungicides e.g. To accommodate arsenic, tin or mercury compounds in concentrations of 1 to 3 percent by weight of the coating in different layers. You then get by with smaller amounts of the fungicide in the individual layer and this increases the compatibility of the fungicides with the PVC and the other necessary additives such as stabilizers and additives. Fung
  • the roof covering sheets according to the invention also contain the other stabilizers and additives which are customary for PVC roofing sheets and which ensure, for example, that the roof covering sheet is hydrolysis-proof, or that traces of acids, e.g. neutralized and rendered harmless by the addition of active calcium carbonate.
  • the flame-resistant equipment is made with the usual additives, e.g. B. by incorporating antimony trioxide in amounts of 5 to 18 weight percent, based on the coating.
  • top and / or bottom with a top coat is preferably made of polyvinyl halides and has, among other things. an effective barrier against plasticizer losses. Top coats consisting primarily of polyacrylates have also proven their worth.
  • the cover sheets according to the invention can be manufactured in extremely large widths of 205 to 320 cm. This makes installation easier and increases safety because fewer weld seams are required.
  • the top of the roof covering sheet can be embossed, for example in the form of flattened pyramids, in order to make the sheet non-slip and non-slip.
  • the roof covering membrane according to the invention fulfills the requirements set out at the outset and, due to its high strength and the special chemical structure, solves all problems with warm roofs, cold roofs, laying on wood, concrete, steel roofs, flat roofs, sloping roofs, and direct laying on bitumen roofs and sched roofs in need of repair Inclinations and constructions.
  • the major advantage of renovating old roofs is that the old roof covering does not have to be removed, with moisture and cracks not playing a role. Gravel can be dispensed with for flat roofs, even on high-rise buildings.
  • the adhesive coat (approx. 100 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 5% by weight of an isocyanate-based adhesion promoter and 1% by weight of a fungicide A.
  • the first top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 1% by weight of a second fungicide B.
  • the second top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 1% by weight of a third fungicide C and 0.25% by weight of an anthraquinone-based UV absorber.
  • the paste contained the usual stabilizers and pigments known to the person skilled in the art and 5% by weight of Sb 2 0 3 as a flame-retardant additive.
  • the first top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally received 1% of the fungicide B, the second top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) 1% of the fungicide C.
  • top coat which mainly contained acrylates.
  • the result was a product that is excellently suited for roofing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A roofing web copmrising a fabric coated on both surfaces with plasticized polyvinyl chloride compositions containing different immiscible plasticizers.

Description

Kunststoffdachbahnen sind bekannt. Sie bestehen üblicherweise aus Folien von etwa 1 mm Dicke aus Polyvinylchlorid (PVC). In die Folie kann auch zur Verstärkung ein Gittergewebe 3 x 3 bis 6 x 6 eingelegt sein oder ein solches Gittergewebe wird zwischen zwei dünneren PVC-Folien einkaschiert. Die Dachabdeckbahnen aus PVC haben den Vorteil, dass sie vorgefertigt werden können und daher preiswert und einfach zu verlegen sind und eine höhere Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit als Bahnen aus Bitumen oder Synthesekautschuk haben. Als nachteilig hat sich ihre mechanische Verwundbarkeit durch spitze Gegenstände, wie versehentlich liegengebliebene Dachnägel oder spitze Steine der Bekiesung herausgestellt. Wenn PVC-Dachfolien im Laufe der Zeit verhärten oder brüchig werden und schrumpfen, so ist das in erster Linie auf Weichmacherverluste durch Verdampfung, Auswandern oder Zersetzung zurückzuführen. Wird eine herkömmliche PVC-Dachabdeckbahn ohne Zwischenschichtaufein Bitumendach verlegt, so wandert mit der Zeit ein Teil des Weichmachers in das Bitumen.Plastic roofing membranes are known. They usually consist of foils approximately 1 mm thick made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A mesh fabric 3 x 3 to 6 x 6 can also be inserted into the film for reinforcement, or such a mesh fabric is laminated between two thinner PVC films. The roof covering sheets made of PVC have the advantage that they can be prefabricated and are therefore inexpensive and easy to install and have a higher water vapor permeability than sheets made of bitumen or synthetic rubber. Their mechanical vulnerability to pointed objects, such as roof nails accidentally left behind or pointed gravel stones, has proven to be disadvantageous. If PVC roof foils harden or become brittle and shrink over time, this is primarily due to the loss of plasticizer through evaporation, migration or decomposition. If a conventional PVC roof covering sheet is laid on a bitumen roof without an intermediate layer, part of the plasticizer migrates into the bitumen over time.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Dachabdeckbahn zu schaffen, die nicht mehr die geschilderten Nachteile besitzt und sich vor allem durch grosse mechanische Stabilität auszeichnet, gegen durch Unachtsamkeit verursachte Perforation, oder sonstige Beschädigungen, im Baubetrieb praktisch unempfindlich ist, sich jeder Längung oder jedem Schrumpf widersetzt, so dass auch nach vielen Jahren keine durch Schrumpf ausgelösten zerstörenden Spannungen oder an schrägen Dächern keine durch Zugbeanspruchung, infolge des Eigengewichts verursachte Längungen auftreten können. Die mechanische Stabilität sollte so gross sein, dass eine punktförmige Befestigung zum Regelfall wird und auf die übliche Bekiesung verzichtet werden kann. Die Dachabdeckbahn sollte in extrem grossen Breiten hergestellt werden können und eine solche Ausreissfestigkeit besitzen, dass sie auch problemlos festgenagelt werden kann. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit sollte so hoch sein, dass man die Dachabdeckbahn, z.B. bei der Altdachsanierung auch ohne weiteres auf ein durchnässtes Dach bzw. bei feuchter Witterung verlegen kann. Für die Altdachsanierung sollte die Unterseite der Dachabdeckbahn bitqmenbeständig sein, damit die Bahn direkt auf ein undicht gewordenes Bitumendach verlegt werden kann und der alte Dachaufbau vorher nicht beseitigt werden muss. Ferner sollte durch geeignete chemische Zusammensetzung, sowohl des Gewebes als auch der PVC-Beschichtung für eine lange Lebensdauer der Dachabdeckbahn auch unter extremen Bedingungen gesorgt sein, so dass man beispielsweise bei Flachdächern auf die übliche Bekiesung verzichten kann. Schliesslich sollte die Dachabdeckbahn im Sinne der baupolizeilichen Vorschriften schwer entflammbar sein, denn selbst die Sanierung eines leicht brennbaren Daches führt schon allein durch Bedecken mit einer solchen Bahn zu wesentlich grösserer Widerstandfähigkeit gegenüber Funkenflug und strahlender Wärme.The invention has for its object to provide a roofing membrane that no longer has the disadvantages described and is characterized above all by great mechanical stability, against perforation caused by carelessness, or other damage, is practically insensitive in construction, any elongation or everyone Shrinking opposes, so that even after many years, no destructive tensions caused by shrinkage or on sloping roofs no elongations caused by tensile stress due to its own weight can occur. The mechanical stability should be so great that punctiform fastening becomes the rule and the usual gravel can be dispensed with. The roof covering membrane should be able to be manufactured in extremely large widths and should be so strong that it can be nailed down without any problems. The water vapor permeability should be so high that the roof covering membrane, e.g. when renovating old roofs, it can also be laid on a wet roof or in damp weather. For the old roof renovation, the underside of the roof covering membrane should be bitumen-resistant so that the membrane can be laid directly on a bitumen roof that has become leaky and the old roof structure does not have to be removed beforehand. In addition, a suitable chemical composition, both of the fabric and the PVC coating, should ensure that the roof covering sheet has a long service life, even under extreme conditions, so that, for example, the usual gravel is not required for flat roofs. Finally, the roof covering membrane should be flame-retardant in the sense of the building regulations, because even the renovation of an easily flammable roof leads to much greater resistance to flying sparks and radiant heat simply by covering with such a membrane.

Diese Aufgaben werden erfindungsgemäss bei Dachabdeckbahnen aus einem beidseitig PVCbeschichteten Gewebe dadurch gelöst, dass das Gewebe ein Vollgewebe aus hochfesten synthetischen Einzelfasern oder Endlosgarnen mit einem Flächengewicht von 150 bis 300 g/m2 und einer Gewebereissfestigkeit von wenigstens 200 daN/ 5 cm ist. Besonders geeignet sind Gewebe aus für textile Zwecke üblichen Polyestern oder Aramiden. Die Verwendung eines solchen dichtgeschlagenen bzw. geschlossenen Gewebes aus hochfesten Fasern bildet ein kaum zu zerstörendes und extrem formstabiles Rückgrad der erfindungsgemässen Dachabdeckbahn und reduziert die Gefahr von Perforationen, Längung oder Schrumpf auf ein Minimum. Die grosse mechanische Stabilitätermöglichteine punktförmige Befestigung. Damit kann auf die übliche Bekiesung verzichtet werden. Das erlaubt leichtere Dachkonstruktionen und somit eine zusätzliche aber sehr wesentliche Kosteneinsparung. Im Gegensatz zu vollflächig verklebten Dachbelägen passt sich eine punktförmig befestigte Dachhaut den immer vorhandenen Bewegungen des Daches oder Baukörpers sehr gut an. Wegen der hohen Ausreissfestigkeit kann eine Dachabdeckbahn aus diesem Vollgewebe auch problemlos genagelt werden. Eine weitere Verbesserung dieser Eigenschaften kann erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Schussfäden des geschlossenen Polyestergewebes mit Vorspannung in der PVC-Beschichtung fixiert sind. Entsprechendes gilt für die in Längsrichtung der Bahn verlaufenden Kettfäden. Diese Fixierung mit Vorspannung wird erreicht, indem das geschlossene Polyestergewebe während des Beschichtungsvorgangs sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung gespannt wird.According to the invention, these objects are achieved in roof covering sheets made of a PVC-coated fabric on both sides in that the fabric is a full fabric made of high-strength synthetic single fibers or continuous yarns with a basis weight of 150 to 300 g / m 2 and a fabric tear strength of at least 200 daN / 5 cm. Fabrics made of polyesters or aramids customary for textile purposes are particularly suitable. The use of such a tightly closed or closed fabric made of high-strength fibers forms a barely destructible and extremely dimensionally stable backbone of the roof covering sheet according to the invention and reduces the risk of perforations, elongation or shrinkage to a minimum. The great mechanical stability enables punctiform attachment. This means that the usual gravel can be dispensed with. This allows lighter roof constructions and thus an additional but very significant cost saving. In contrast to fully bonded roof coverings, a point-fixed roof skin adapts very well to the always existing movements of the roof or building structure. Because of the high pull-out strength, a roof covering sheet can also be nailed from this full fabric without any problems. A further improvement of these properties can be achieved according to the invention in that the weft threads of the closed polyester fabric are fixed with pre-tension in the PVC coating. The same applies to the warp threads running in the longitudinal direction of the web. This fixation with pretension is achieved by stretching the closed polyester fabric in both the longitudinal and transverse directions during the coating process.

Die PVC-Beschichtung der Unter- bzw. Oberseite der erfindungsgemässen Dachabdeckbahn ist vorzugsweise unterschiedlich und den jeweiligen Anforderungen angepasst. Wenn die Unterseite nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung bitumenbeständig sein soll, dann enthält die PVC-Beschichtung hier als Weichmacher ausschliesslich Polymerweichmacher. Diese sind handelsüblich. Bewährt haben sich vor allem Polyesterweichmacher auf Basis von Dicarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 10 C-Atomen und Diolen mit 2 bis 6C-Atomen. Die Polymerweichmacherwerden im Mengenverhältnis von etwa 85 bis 105 Gewichtsteilen auf 100 Gewichtsteile PVC eingesetzt. Die Polymerweichmacher haben den Vorteil, dass sie auch beim Verlegen auf Bitumen nicht in das Bitumen wandern, sondern in der PVC-Beschichtung verbleiben und daher verhindern, dass diese verhärtet oder brüchig wird.The PVC coating of the top and bottom of the roof covering sheet according to the invention is preferably different and adapted to the respective requirements. If, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the underside is to be bitumen-resistant, the PVC coating here contains only polymer plasticizers as plasticizers. These are customary in the trade. Polyester plasticizers based on dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 10 C atoms and diols with 2 to 6 C atoms have proven particularly useful. The polymer plasticizers are used in a ratio of about 85 to 105 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of PVC. The advantage of polymer plasticizers is that even when laying on bitumen, they do not migrate into the bitumen, but remain in the PVC coating and therefore prevent it from hardening or becoming brittle.

Für die Oberschicht der Dachabdeckbahn werden erfindungsgemäss Weichmacher gewählt, die mit dem Polymerweichmacher der Unterschicht nicht mischbar sind. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass auch der Weichmacher der Oberschicht bei längerem Gebrauch der Dachabdeckbahn nicht durch das Gewebe und die Unterschicht in das Bitumen eines alten Dachbelags wandern kann. Geeignete Weichmacher für die obere Beschichtung, die sehr stabil und wenig flüchtig sind und daher weder verdampfen noch durch Witterungseinflüsse zerstört werden, sind beispielsweise Phthalatweichmacher mit 12 bis 24 aliphatischen C-Atomen in der Alkoholkomponente des Esters. Wenn es bei der Verwendung nicht darauf ankommt, dass die Dachabdeckbahn gegen Bitumen, ölige Holzschutzmittel oder dergleichen beständig ist, können die für PVC üblichen Weichmacher, insbesondere Phthalatweichmacher auch für die untere Beschichtung verwendet werden.According to the invention, plasticizers are selected for the top layer of the roof covering sheet, which are immiscible with the polymer plasticizer of the bottom layer. This ensures that Even the plasticizer of the top layer cannot migrate through the fabric and the bottom layer into the bitumen of an old roof covering if the roof covering sheet is used for a long time. Suitable plasticizers for the upper coating, which are very stable and not very volatile and therefore neither evaporate nor be destroyed by weather influences, are, for example, phthalate plasticizers with 12 to 24 aliphatic carbon atoms in the alcohol component of the ester. If it is not important during use that the roof covering sheet is resistant to bitumen, oily wood preservatives or the like, the plasticizers customary for PVC, in particular phthalate plasticizers, can also be used for the lower coating.

Da die erfindungsgemässen Dachabdeckbahnen ohnehin durch mehrere nacheinander aufgebrachte Aufstriche hergestellt werden, hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, diese Fertigungstechnik dafür zu nutzen, dass die untere und/oder obere Beschichtung aus 6 bis 10 unterschiedlich zusammengesetzten Einzelschichten besteht. Dementsprechend werden die üblichen UV-Absorber, z.B. auf Basis von Anthrachinonderivaten, vorwiegend in den äusseren Deckschichten der Oberseite in Konzentrationen von 0,05 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent der Beschichtung eingearbeitet. Ähnliches gilt für die Pigmente, wie z. B. Titanweiss, mit deren Hilfe dafür gesorgt wird, dass die Oberseite nicht nur äusserst licht- und witterungsbeständig, sondern auch sehr hell gestaltet ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine starke Abstrahlung einfallender Sonnenwärme und als Folge eine niedrigere Temperatur der Dachhaut. Auch das ist günstig für die Lebensdauer des Dachbelages. Durch den Aufbau der erfindungsgemässen Dachabdeckbahn in verschiedenen Schichten wird es möglich, unterschiedliche Fungizide, z.B. Arsen-, Zinn- oder Quecksilberverbindungen in Konzentrationen von 1 bis 3 Gewichtsprozent der Beschichtung in verschiedenen Schichten unterzubringen. Man kommt dann mit geringeren Mengen des Fungizids in der einzelnen Schicht aus und dadurch wird die Verträglichkeit der Fungizide mit dem PVC und den anderen notwendigen Zusätzen wie Stabilisatoren und Additiven erhöht. Pilze, die nach längerer Zeit eine gewisse Resistenz gegen ein bestimmtes Fungizid entwickelt haben, treffen dann in der nächsten Schicht auf ein Fungizid, gegen das sie noch nicht resistent sind. Auch das erhöht die Lebensdauer der so aufgebauten Dachabdeckbahn.Since the roof covering sheets according to the invention are produced anyway by a plurality of spreads applied one after the other, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to use this production technique for the lower and / or upper coating to consist of 6 to 10 differently composed individual layers. Accordingly, the usual UV absorbers, e.g. based on anthraquinone derivatives, mainly incorporated in the outer cover layers of the top in concentrations of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight of the coating. The same applies to the pigments, such as. B. Titan white, which ensures that the top is not only extremely light and weather resistant, but also very bright. This results in a strong radiation of incoming solar heat and, as a result, a lower temperature of the roof skin. This is also beneficial for the life of the roof covering. The construction of the roof covering sheet according to the invention in different layers makes it possible to use different fungicides, e.g. To accommodate arsenic, tin or mercury compounds in concentrations of 1 to 3 percent by weight of the coating in different layers. You then get by with smaller amounts of the fungicide in the individual layer and this increases the compatibility of the fungicides with the PVC and the other necessary additives such as stabilizers and additives. Fungi that have developed a certain resistance to a certain fungicide after a long time then encounter a fungicide in the next layer that they are not yet resistant to. This also increases the service life of the roof covering membrane constructed in this way.

Auch die erfindungsgemässen Dachabdeckbahnen enthalten die anderen für PVC-Dachbahnen üblichen Stabilisatoren und Additive, durch die beispielsweise dafür gesorgt wird, dass die Dachabdeckbahn hydrolysefest ist, bzw. dass Spuren von Säuren, z.B. durch den Zusatz von aktivem Calciumcarbonat neutralisiert und unschädlichgemachtwerden. DieflammfesteAusrüstung erfolgt mit den hierfür üblichen Zusätzen, z. B. durch Einarbeiten von Antimontrioxid in Mengen von 5 bis 18 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf die Beschichtung.The roof covering sheets according to the invention also contain the other stabilizers and additives which are customary for PVC roofing sheets and which ensure, for example, that the roof covering sheet is hydrolysis-proof, or that traces of acids, e.g. neutralized and rendered harmless by the addition of active calcium carbonate. The flame-resistant equipment is made with the usual additives, e.g. B. by incorporating antimony trioxide in amounts of 5 to 18 weight percent, based on the coating.

Insgesamt wird ferner dafür gesorgt, dass eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von 3 bis 8 g/m2. 24 h gewährleistet ist. Diese ermöglicht, dass die erfindungsgemässe Dachabdeckbahn ohne weiteres auf ein durchnässtes Dach oder bei feuchter Witterung verlegt werden kann. Eine solche Dachbahn wirkt dann nicht als Dampfsperre sondern die Feuchtigkeit ist schon nach wenigen Wochen als Dampf von innen nach aussen diffundiert während Wasser in umgekehrter Richtung die Dachabdeckbahn nicht durchdringen kann.Overall, it is also ensured that a water vapor permeability of 3 to 8 g / m 2 is guaranteed for 24 hours. This enables the roof covering sheet according to the invention to be easily installed on a soaked roof or in damp weather. Such a roofing membrane then does not act as a vapor barrier, but the moisture has diffused as steam from the inside out after only a few weeks, while water in the opposite direction cannot penetrate the roofing membrane.

Es hat sich ferner als zweckmässig erwiesen, die Unter- und/oder Oberseite noch mit einem Decklack zu versehen. Dieser Schlusslack besteht vorzugsweise aus Polyvinylhalogeniden und hat u.a. eine wirksame Sperrwirkung gegen Weichmacherverluste. Auch Decklacke, die vorwiegend aus Polyacrylaten bestehen, haben sich bewährt. Die erfindungsgemässen Abdeckbahnen können in extrem grossen Breiten von 205 bis 320 cm gefertigt werden. Das erleichtert die Verlegung und erhöht die Sicherheit, weil weniger Schweissnähte erforderlich sind. Zur Verwendung bei geneigten Dächern kann die Oberseite der Dachabdeckbahn geprägt sein, beispielsweise in Form abgeflachter Pyramiden, um die Bahn tritt- und rutschfest zu machen. Insgesamt erfüllt die erfindungsgemässe Dachabdeckbahn die eingangs dargelegten Forderungen und löst durch ihre hohe Festigkeit und den besonderen chemischen Aufbau alle Probleme beim Warmdach, Kaltdach, Verlegen auf Holz, Beton, Stahldach, flachen Dächern, geneigten Dächern, beim direkten Verlegen auf reparaturbedürftigen Bitumendächern und Scheddächern aller Neigungen und Konstruktionen. Beim Sanieren alter Dächer besteht der grosse Vorteil darin, dass der alte Dachbelag nicht entfernt zu werden braucht, wobei Feuchtigkeit und Risse keine Rolle spielen. Bei Flachdächern, sogar auf Hochhäusern kann auf eine Bekiesung verzichtet werden.It has also proven expedient to provide the top and / or bottom with a top coat. This top coat is preferably made of polyvinyl halides and has, among other things. an effective barrier against plasticizer losses. Top coats consisting primarily of polyacrylates have also proven their worth. The cover sheets according to the invention can be manufactured in extremely large widths of 205 to 320 cm. This makes installation easier and increases safety because fewer weld seams are required. For use on sloping roofs, the top of the roof covering sheet can be embossed, for example in the form of flattened pyramids, in order to make the sheet non-slip and non-slip. Overall, the roof covering membrane according to the invention fulfills the requirements set out at the outset and, due to its high strength and the special chemical structure, solves all problems with warm roofs, cold roofs, laying on wood, concrete, steel roofs, flat roofs, sloping roofs, and direct laying on bitumen roofs and sched roofs in need of repair Inclinations and constructions. The major advantage of renovating old roofs is that the old roof covering does not have to be removed, with moisture and cracks not playing a role. Gravel can be dispensed with for flat roofs, even on high-rise buildings.

Beispielexample

Ausgangsmaterialien:

  • Gewebe: Polyestergewebe, 9/9, 1100 dtex.
Starting materials:
  • Fabric: polyester fabric, 9/9, 1100 dtex.

Paste für Oberseite und Haftstrich:

  • 65 Teile Phthalatweichmacher (28 und 32 C-Atome) auf 100 Teile PVC. Die Paste enthielt die üblichen, dem Fachmann bekannten Stabilisatoren und Pigmente sowie 5 Gew% Sb203 als flammhemmenden Zusatz.
Paste for top and adhesive line:
  • 65 parts of phthalate plasticizer (28 and 32 carbon atoms) per 100 parts of PVC. The paste contained the usual stabilizers and pigments known to those skilled in the art and 5% by weight of Sb 2 0 3 as a flame-retardant additive.

Der Haftstrich (ca. 100 g/m2) enthielt zusätzlich 5 Gew.% eines Haftvermittlers auf Isocyanatbasis sowie 1 Gew.% eines Fungizids A.The adhesive coat (approx. 100 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 5% by weight of an isocyanate-based adhesion promoter and 1% by weight of a fungicide A.

Der erste Deckstrich (ca. 300 g/m2) enthielt zusätzlich 1 Gew.% eines zweiten Fungizids B.The first top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 1% by weight of a second fungicide B.

Der zweite Deckstrich (ca. 300 g/m2) enthielt zusätzlich 1 Gew.% eines dritten Fungizids C sowie 0,25 Gew.% eines UV-Absorbers auf Anthrachinonbasis.The second top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally contained 1% by weight of a third fungicide C and 0.25% by weight of an anthraquinone-based UV absorber.

Paste für die Unterseite:

  • 95 Teile Polymerweichmacher auf Polyesterbasis mit 12 C-Atomen in der Monomereinheit auf 100 Teile PVC.
Paste for the bottom:
  • 95 parts polyester-based polymer plasticizer with 12 C atoms in the monomer unit on 100 parts PVC.

Die Paste enthielt die üblichen, dem Fachmann bekannten Stabilisatoren und Pigmente sowie 5 Gew.% Sb203 als flammhemmenden Zusatz.The paste contained the usual stabilizers and pigments known to the person skilled in the art and 5% by weight of Sb 2 0 3 as a flame-retardant additive.

Der erste Deckstrich (ca. 300 g/m2) erhielt zusätzlich 1 % des Fungizids B, der zweite Deckstrich (ca. 300 g/m2) 1% des Fungizids C.The first top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) additionally received 1% of the fungicide B, the second top coat (approx. 300 g / m 2 ) 1% of the fungicide C.

Alle PVC-Striche wurden bei 180°C geliert.All PVC coatings were gelled at 180 ° C.

Schliesslich wurden beide Seiten mit einem Decklack, welcher hauptsächlich Acrylate enthielt, versehen.Finally, both sides were covered with a top coat, which mainly contained acrylates.

Es resultierte eine Ware, die für Dacheindeckungen ausgezeichnet geeignet ist.The result was a product that is excellently suited for roofing.

Claims (17)

1. Strip of roof covering material made of a textile fabric coated on both sides with PVC, characterized in that the textile fabric is a fully woven fabric of high-strength synthetic individual fibres or continuous yarns with a weight per unit area of 150 to 300 g/m2 and a textile fabric tensile strength of at least 200 daN/5 cm.
2. Roof covering strip according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibres or yarns are polyester fibres or yarns.
3. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the weft threads and the warp threads, running in longitudinal direction of the strip, of the closed polyester textile fabric are fixed under pretension in the PVC coating.
4. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by a coating layer of 900 to 1600 g/m2.
5. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by a coating layer of 1300 to 1500 g/mz.
6. Roof covering strip accordance to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coating of the underside contains, as plasticizers, exclusively polymer plasticizers.
7. Roof covering strip accordance to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plasticizer of the upper layer is not miscible with the polymer plasticizer of the lower layer.
8. Roof covering strip accordance to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lower and/or upper coating consists of differently composed individual layers.
9. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that different fungicides are present in the various layers.
10. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the UV-absorbers are incorporated predominantly in the outer covering layers of the upper layer.
11. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that as a whole it has a permeability to water vapour of 3 to 8 g/M 2 - 24 h.
12. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is flame-resistant.
13. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the underside and/or upper side is provided with a coating lacquer.
14. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the coating lacquer is polyvinylidene halide.
15. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the coating lacquer consists predominantly of polyacrylates.
16. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the coating of the upper side is embossed.
17. Roof covering strip according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the strip has a width of 205 to 320 cm.
EP80200394A 1979-05-05 1980-04-26 Roof covering strip Expired EP0018691B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80200394T ATE2231T1 (en) 1979-05-05 1980-04-26 ROOFING MEMBRANE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792918165 DE2918165A1 (en) 1979-05-05 1979-05-05 ROOF COVERING
DE2918165 1979-05-05

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0018691A2 EP0018691A2 (en) 1980-11-12
EP0018691A3 EP0018691A3 (en) 1981-05-20
EP0018691B1 true EP0018691B1 (en) 1983-01-12
EP0018691B2 EP0018691B2 (en) 1988-01-27

Family

ID=6070019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200394A Expired EP0018691B2 (en) 1979-05-05 1980-04-26 Roof covering strip

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4452850A (en)
EP (1) EP0018691B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE2231T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1153942A (en)
DE (2) DE2918165A1 (en)
DK (1) DK154578C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK196280A (en) 1980-11-06
US4452850A (en) 1984-06-05
CA1153942A (en) 1983-09-20
EP0018691A3 (en) 1981-05-20
EP0018691B2 (en) 1988-01-27
ATE2231T1 (en) 1983-01-15
DE2918165A1 (en) 1980-11-13
DK154578C (en) 1989-05-01
DE3061589D1 (en) 1983-02-17
DK154578B (en) 1988-11-28
EP0018691A2 (en) 1980-11-12

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