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EP0011765A1 - Mixer for thick materials, for example filter cakes, slurries or the like, and its use - Google Patents

Mixer for thick materials, for example filter cakes, slurries or the like, and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011765A1
EP0011765A1 EP79104469A EP79104469A EP0011765A1 EP 0011765 A1 EP0011765 A1 EP 0011765A1 EP 79104469 A EP79104469 A EP 79104469A EP 79104469 A EP79104469 A EP 79104469A EP 0011765 A1 EP0011765 A1 EP 0011765A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fixed
knife
housing
knives
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79104469A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0011765B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Schwing
Udo Pindras
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
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Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH filed Critical Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Priority to AT79104469T priority Critical patent/ATE316T1/en
Publication of EP0011765A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011765A1/en
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Publication of EP0011765B1 publication Critical patent/EP0011765B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B01F27/902—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms  cooperating with intermeshing elements fixed on the receptacle walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixer for thick matter, e.g. Filter cake, sludge or the like with a fixed flow container in which a shaft with mixing tools rotates.
  • Such mixers are used in particular for mixtures of substances which have a relatively low liquid content and are therefore obtained in chunks, lumps or clods. Such substances often need to be transported before they can be processed further.
  • the purpose of the mixing in these cases is to produce a conveyable, ie pumpable, product from the starting mass.
  • Examples of the applicability of the invention are filter cakes which are obtained on filter presses or dewatered thick materials which are to be fed from settling tanks to feed pumps, for example in order to be burned.
  • Another group of thick matter comprises pasty slurries in a fibrous or lumpy to crumbly state.
  • a two-shaft pressure mixer is known, the shaft axes of which run parallel in the trough and are equipped with paddle-shaped mixing tools.
  • Such a device is limited to stirring and loosening the feed material, but is not suitable as a continuous mixer and is therefore not suitable for processing large quantities of thick matter.
  • a continuous screw mixer which has a screw conveyor with a fully threaded screw under a feed hopper; the shaft is extended into a subsequent housing part, in which it is covered with paddles and conveys the goods to a discharge opening.
  • the material to be conveyed forms a compact body that rotates in the container. Then the run comes to a standstill, so that the conveyance of low-viscosity thick materials through pipes cannot be managed with this mixed fluid.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a mixer which Conveying thick matter continuously from a feed opening to a discharge opening and mixing it, and, if necessary, comminuting foreign matter, so that a substrate to be conveyed further through pipelines is released from the mixer.
  • Such a mixer has the advantage that the material must first pass through the knife screws and the tear knives interacting with them. As a result, the material is divided, and both bales of material and trapped foreign bodies are cut. The material then gets into the narrowing housing part. In this, the pre-mixed material is gripped by the slug segments and pushed on in the direction of passage. As a result of the narrowing of the housing, there is a desired compression of the conveyed material in this part of the mixer. The ribs fixed to the housing, however, oppose the movement of the goods against the housing wall, as a result of which the goods are braked at this point.
  • the mixer according to the invention has the further advantage that even up to now not considered pumpable thick materials can be mixed and processed in such a way that they become a homogeneous medium to be pumped through pipelines without it would be necessary to increase the initial moisture content. This homogenization also occurs, for example, with digested sludge, which often contains rags and other tearable solids.
  • Another advantage is that the device can be realized with a pressure or a closed housing and can be set up so that the direction of flow is horizontal, inclined or vertical. For this reason, the mixer according to the invention can be connected directly upstream of a piston or screw pump. Special advantages with regard to an increase in the tearing effect are achieved if the knives are provided with fixed fangs on their blades.
  • the conveying effect can be increased in the direction of flow of the mixer.
  • the number of blades of the knife screws and the number of fixed knives assigned to them in one plane expediently increase in the direction of passage, which, viewed in the direction of passage, results in an increasing homogenization by mixing the material. If you want to reduce the rotational resistance of the shaft and make better use of the motor power, then the leading edges of the knife blades become concave and the knife back convex curved, and the blade edges of the fixed knives first run over by the shaft-fixed knives, while the rear edges of which are convexly curved.
  • the mixer has an upper cylindrical section 1 of a housing 2 which is initially to be passed through by the good cylindrical section 1 is connected at 3 to a conical housing 4 which narrows in the direction of passage.
  • the output of the mixer is flanged at 5 to a pump 6 having a plurality of delivery cylinders, the details of which are known and are therefore not shown.
  • a drive 7 rests on the cylindrical housing 1 and rotates a shaft 8 which is extended at 9 in the narrowing housing section 4.
  • the direction of shaft rotation is shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, which is drawn at the entrance to the narrowing housing 4.
  • the material to be conveyed into the cylindrical housing at 10 is first subjected to the action of a two-winged knife screw 11.
  • the two knife blades are designated 13 and 14 (see also FIG. 3).
  • the blades have fangs on their top, which are designated 15 and 16 in the knife blade 13 and 17 in the knife blade 14.
  • the underside of the knife blades is also equipped with fangs.
  • the fangs are identical. They have a leading concave edge 24 and an arcuate, ie convexly curved trailing edge 25 ( Figure 1).
  • the knife blades are also inclined, as can be seen in FIG. 3, in such a way that the knife blade rises from the leading edge 26 to the trailing edge 27.
  • the leading edge 26 is in turn, as shown in FIG. 3, concave, while the trailing edge 27 has convex curvatures.
  • This design which is described using the example of knife blades 13 and 14, also returns in further, this time four winged knife screws again, which are denoted by 27a in FIG. 1 and whose knife blades are shown at 28, 29, 30, 31 in FIG. 3.
  • the two knife screws 11 and 27a are mounted in the vertically arranged planes I and III in the cylindrical section 1. Between levels I and III, levels II and IV lie one below the other. In these levels there are housing-fixed, i.e. fixed ripping knife. The number of ripping knives in levels II and IV is the same.
  • the tear knives of plane II which are denoted by 33, 34, 35, are arranged offset from one another by the same arc angle. These knives are also equipped with tear knives 36 and 37, the shape and size of which correspond to the tear knives on the associated knife blades of knife screws 11 and 27a, respectively.
  • the arrangement is such that the blade edges 38 first run over by the shaft-fixed knives are concave and the rear edges 39 are convexly curved.
  • This design corresponds to the fixed knives 40, 41, 42 arranged in plane IV, which are therefore also offset from the housing wall by the same arc angle so that they can be run over like the knives 33, 34, 35 by the blades of the knife screws .
  • guide ribs 53 which are fixed to the housing and which are arranged spirally in the direction of rotation of the shaft or its extension 9 on the inside of the housing 4. They work together with guide vanes 54 and 55, which are fixed to the housing and are arranged directly at the discharge opening 56 of the housing.
  • FIG. 4 shows, above the guide vanes 54 and 55 there are two knives 62, 63 offset by the same arc angle in a likewise common radial plane, the design of which corresponds to the fixed knives in the planes II and IV in the cylindrical section 1.
  • the blade edges 64 first run over by the slugs are concave, but the rear edges 65 are convexly curved.
  • the top and bottom of the knife blades are equipped with fangs 66 and 67, as above for the knife blades have been explained in the cylindrical section 1.
  • the material leaving the cylindrical housing section 1 first arrives in the tapered housing 4 in the area of action of the slug or its segments 48 and 49. These segments are offset by 180 °, approximately the size of a quarter circle, and follow the contour of the conical housing 4.
  • the they carrying flat struts 46 and 47 are also set in the direction of action of the slug segments 48 and 49 and the effects emanating from these elements are already given by those in the upper part existing sections of the ribs 53 supplemented. This leads to a compression effect desired for cloddy or lumpy media, the delaying action of the ribs 53 preventing the conveying action from being interrupted in the direction of flow.
  • the blades 71, 72 and 57, 58, 59 following the screw segments 48 and 49 produce the required conveying effect in the direction of passage.
  • the fixed knife blades have a dividing effect in the case of a stiff plastic or strongly inhomogeneous medium.
  • the material reaches the areas of the guide vanes 54 and 55 fixed to the housing, through which it is pressed out of the opening 56.
  • an inspection opening can be located in the housing wall.
  • the guide vanes 71, 72 and the screw 60 can be interchangeably attached to the shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A mixer for viscous material has a plurality of rotating knife impellers which coact with stationary breaking knives in a cylindrical housing. The cylindrical housing has a converging portion containing guide ribs, stationary knives, and guide paddles. The shaft, in the converging portion, mounts helical ribbon segments and thrust paddles.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Mischer für Dickstoffe, z.B. Filterkuchen, Schlämme o. dgl. mit einem feststehenden Durchlaufbehälter, in dem eine mit Mischwerkzeugen besetzte Welle umläuft.The invention relates to a mixer for thick matter, e.g. Filter cake, sludge or the like with a fixed flow container in which a shaft with mixing tools rotates.

Solche Mischer werden insbesondere für Stoffgemische verwendet, welche einen verhältnismäßig geringen Flüssigkeitsanteil besitzen und daher in Brocken, Klumpen oder Schollen anfallen. Solche Substanzen müssen häufig transportiert werden, bevor sie weiter verarbeitet werden können. Die Durchmischung bezweckt in diesen Fällen die Herstellung eines förderfähigen, d.h. pumpbaren Fördergutes aus der Ausgangsmasse. Beispiele für die Anwendbarkeit der Erfindung sind Filterkuchen, die auf Filterpressen anfallen oder entwässerte Dickstoffe, welche aus Absetzbehältern Förderpumpen zugeführt werden sollen, um beispielsweise verbrannt zu werden. Eine weitere Gruppe von Dickstoffen umfaßt pastöse Schlämme in faserigem oder klumpigem bis bröckeligem Zustand. Es kommen auch Substanzen in Betracht, welche Fremdkörper enthalten, die vor ihrer Weiterverwendung mehr oder weniger stark zerschnitten bzw. zerkleinert werden sollen.Such mixers are used in particular for mixtures of substances which have a relatively low liquid content and are therefore obtained in chunks, lumps or clods. Such substances often need to be transported before they can be processed further. The purpose of the mixing in these cases is to produce a conveyable, ie pumpable, product from the starting mass. Examples of the applicability of the invention are filter cakes which are obtained on filter presses or dewatered thick materials which are to be fed from settling tanks to feed pumps, for example in order to be burned. Another group of thick matter comprises pasty slurries in a fibrous or lumpy to crumbly state. There are also substances which contain foreign bodies which are to be cut or crushed to a greater or lesser extent before they are used again.

Bekannt ist ein Zweiwellendruckmischer, dessen Wellenachsen parallel im Trog umlaufen und mit paddelförmigen Mischwerkzeugen besetzt sind. Ein solches Gerät beschränkt sich auf ein Durchrühren und Auflockern des Aufgabegutes, eignet sich jedoch nicht als Durchlaufmischer und kommt daher nicht für die Verarbeitung großer Mengen an Dickstoffen in Betracht.A two-shaft pressure mixer is known, the shaft axes of which run parallel in the trough and are equipped with paddle-shaped mixing tools. Such a device is limited to stirring and loosening the feed material, but is not suitable as a continuous mixer and is therefore not suitable for processing large quantities of thick matter.

Bekannt ist auch ein Durchlaufschneckenmischer, der unter einem Aufgabetrichter einen Schneckenförderer mit einer Vollgewindeschnecke aufweist; die Welle ist in einen anschließenden Gehäuseteil verlängert, in dem sie mit Paddeln besetzt ist und das Gut zu einer Abgabeöffnung fördert. Bei solchen Geräten formt sich das Fördergut zu einem verdichteten Körper, welcher sich im Behälter dreht. Dann kommt der Durchlauf zur Ruhe, so daß die Förderung flüssigkeitsarmer Dickstoffe durch Rohrleitungen mit diesem Mischf nicht zu bewältigen ist.Also known is a continuous screw mixer, which has a screw conveyor with a fully threaded screw under a feed hopper; the shaft is extended into a subsequent housing part, in which it is covered with paddles and conveys the goods to a discharge opening. With such devices, the material to be conveyed forms a compact body that rotates in the container. Then the run comes to a standstill, so that the conveyance of low-viscosity thick materials through pipes cannot be managed with this mixed fluid.

Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet is löst die Aufgabe, einen Mischer zu schaffen, welcher den Dickstoff von einer Aufgabeöffnung zu einer Austragsöffnung laufend fördert und hierbei mischt,sowie erforderlichenfalls Fremdkörper zerkleinert, so daß ein durch Rohrleitungen weiter zu förderndes Substrat aus dem Mischer abgegeben wird.The invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a mixer which Conveying thick matter continuously from a feed opening to a discharge opening and mixing it, and, if necessary, comminuting foreign matter, so that a substrate to be conveyed further through pipelines is released from the mixer.

Ein solcher Mischer hat den Vorteil, daß das Gut zunächst die Messerschrauben und die mit diesen zusammenwirkenden Reißmesser passieren muß. Hierdurch wird das Gut zerteilt, wobei sowohl Stoffballen wie auch eingeschlossene Fremdkörper zerschnitten werden. Das Gut gelangt dann in den sich verengenden Gehäuseteil. In diesem wird das bereits vorgemischte Gut von den Bandschneckensegmenten erfaßt und in Durchlaufrichtung weitergeschoben. Infolge der Gehäuseverengung ergibt sich in diesem Teil des Mischers eine erwünschte Verdichtung des Fördergutes. Die gehäusefesten Rippen setzen der Bewegung des Gutes jedoch einen Widerstand an der Gehäusewand entgegen, wodurch das Gut an dieser Stelle abgebremst wird. Infolgedessen ergibt sich eine Zirkulationsströmung, die bei stark kohäsivem bzw. athäsivem Gut verhindert, daß das Gut seine Form und Viskosität beibehält. Das Gut wird einwandfrei verdichtet und weitergeschoben. In entsprechender Weise wirken die gehäusefesten Messer-und Leitschaufeln zerteilend und vorschiebend auf das Gut, wodurch sich im Gut eine Zirkulation einstellt, die ihrerseits mischend wirkt. Das Ergebnis ist ein vollständig homogenisiertes Gut, in dem Fremdkörper weitgehend zerteilt sind, so daß sich das Gut mit Klumpen verschiedener Konstruktionsprinzipien durch Förderleitungen pumpen läßt. Der Mischer nach der Erfindung bietet weiter den Vorteil, daß auch bislang nicht als pumpbar geltende Dickstoffe so gemischt und dadurch aufbereitet werden können, daß sie zu einem durch Rohrleitungen zu pumpenden homogenen Medien werden, ohne daß es erforderlich wäre, den Ausgangsfeuchtigkeitsgehalt zu steigern. Diese Homogenisierung tritt auch z.B. bei Faulschlämmen ein, die häufig Lumpen und andere zerreißbare Feststoffe enthalten. Vorteilhaft wirkt sich ferner aus, daß das Gerät mit einem Druck- oder einem geschlossenen Gehäuse verwirklicht und so aufgestellt werden kann, daß die Durchlaufrichtung horizontal, geneigt oder vertikal verläuft. Deswegen läßt sich der erfindungsgemäße Mischer unmittelbar einer Kolben- oder Schraubenpumpe vorschalten. Besondere Vorteile im Hinblick auf eine Erhöhung der Zerreißwirkung erreicht man, wenn die Messer auf ihren Klingen mit feststehenden Reißzähnen versehen sind.Such a mixer has the advantage that the material must first pass through the knife screws and the tear knives interacting with them. As a result, the material is divided, and both bales of material and trapped foreign bodies are cut. The material then gets into the narrowing housing part. In this, the pre-mixed material is gripped by the slug segments and pushed on in the direction of passage. As a result of the narrowing of the housing, there is a desired compression of the conveyed material in this part of the mixer. The ribs fixed to the housing, however, oppose the movement of the goods against the housing wall, as a result of which the goods are braked at this point. As a result, there is a circulation flow which prevents the good from maintaining its shape and viscosity in the case of strongly cohesive or adhesive material. The goods are properly compacted and pushed on. In a corresponding manner, the knife blades and guide vanes fixed to the housing have a dividing and advancing effect on the material, which results in a circulation in the material, which in turn has a mixing effect. The result is a completely homogenized material in which foreign bodies are largely broken up, so that the material can be pumped through lumps with different construction principles. The mixer according to the invention has the further advantage that even up to now not considered pumpable thick materials can be mixed and processed in such a way that they become a homogeneous medium to be pumped through pipelines without it would be necessary to increase the initial moisture content. This homogenization also occurs, for example, with digested sludge, which often contains rags and other tearable solids. Another advantage is that the device can be realized with a pressure or a closed housing and can be set up so that the direction of flow is horizontal, inclined or vertical. For this reason, the mixer according to the invention can be connected directly upstream of a piston or screw pump. Special advantages with regard to an increase in the tearing effect are achieved if the knives are provided with fixed fangs on their blades.

Bilden die feststehenden Messerklingen Ausschnitte aus Schraubenflächen, die parallel zu den Flächen der Messerschrauben bzw. der Bandschneckensegmenten verlaufen, dann kann die Förderwirkung in Durchlaufrichtung des Mischers gesteigert werden.If the fixed knife blades form cutouts from screw surfaces that run parallel to the surfaces of the knife screws or the slug segments, the conveying effect can be increased in the direction of flow of the mixer.

Man kann die Bandschneckensegmente aber auch an der Wellenverlängerung mit Hilfe von Radialstreben befestigen, die in Durchlaufrichtung angestellte Schrägflächen aufweisen.You can also fasten the slug segments to the shaft extension with the help of radial struts that have inclined surfaces in the direction of travel.

Die Flügelzahl der Messerschrauben und die Zahl der ihnen in einer Ebene jeweils zugeordneten feststehenden Messer nehmen in Durchlaufrichtung zweckmässig zu, wodurch sich in Durchlaufrichtung gesehen eine zunehmende Homogenisierung durch Mischung des Gutes ergibt. Will man den Drehwiderstand der Welle verringern und die Motorleistung besser ausnutzen, dann werden die vorlaufenden Kanten der Messerklingen konkav und die Messerrücken konvex gekrümmt, und die von den wellenfesten Messern zuerst überfahrene Klingenkanten der feststehenden Messer konkav ausgebildet, während deren Hinterkanten konvex gekrümmt sind.The number of blades of the knife screws and the number of fixed knives assigned to them in one plane expediently increase in the direction of passage, which, viewed in the direction of passage, results in an increasing homogenization by mixing the material. If you want to reduce the rotational resistance of the shaft and make better use of the motor power, then the leading edges of the knife blades become concave and the knife back convex curved, and the blade edges of the fixed knives first run over by the shaft-fixed knives, while the rear edges of which are convexly curved.

Wenn man ferner die Leitschaufeln von außen verstellbar ausbildet, dann kann man die für ein bestimmtes Gut jeweils optimale Schaufelstellung vermitteln und einstellen.If you also make the guide vanes adjustable from the outside, then you can convey and set the optimal vane position for a particular good.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von lediglich Ausführungsformen darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 in Seitenansicht eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mischers mit geschlossenem Gehäuse und senkrecht von oben nach unten gelaufener Durchlaufrichtung,
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die gehäusefesten Teile im oberen Mischerabschnitt,
  • Figur 3 in der Figur 2 entsprechender Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf die wellenfesten Teile im oberen Gehäuseabschnitt,
  • Figur 4 eine Draufsicht auf die gehäusefesten Teile im anschließenden Gehäuseabschnitt und
  • Figur 5 in Seitenansicht und teilweise aufgebrochen eine Wiedergabe der Stelle des Mischers, an dem die beiden Gehäuseteile aneinander anschließen.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings which only show embodiments. It shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of the mixer according to the invention with the housing closed and the flow direction running vertically from top to bottom,
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the parts fixed to the housing in the upper mixer section,
  • FIG. 3, in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, is a plan view of the shaft-fixed parts in the upper housing section,
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the housing-fixed parts in the subsequent housing section and
  • Figure 5 in side view and partially broken away a representation of the location of the mixer at which the two housing parts connect to each other.

Der Mischer hat einen oberen, vom Gute zunächst zu durchlaufenden zylindrischen Abschnitt 1 eines Gehäuses 2. Der zylindrische Abschnitt 1 ist bei 3 an ein sich in der Durchlaufrichtung verengendes, d.h. konisches Gehäuse 4 angeschlossen. Der Ausgang des Mischers ist bei 5 an eine mehrere Förderzylinder aufweisende Pumpe 6 angeflanscht, deren Einzelheiten als bekannt und daher nicht dargestellt sind.The mixer has an upper cylindrical section 1 of a housing 2 which is initially to be passed through by the good cylindrical section 1 is connected at 3 to a conical housing 4 which narrows in the direction of passage. The output of the mixer is flanged at 5 to a pump 6 having a plurality of delivery cylinders, the details of which are known and are therefore not shown.

Auf dem zylindrischen Gehäuse 1 ruht ein Antrieb 7, welcher eine Welle 8 dreht, die in den sich verengenden Gehäuseabschnitt 4 bei 9 verlängert ist. Die Wellendrehrichtung gibt der Pfeil in Figur 1 wieder, der am Eingang des sich verengenden Gehäuses 4 gezeichnet ist.A drive 7 rests on the cylindrical housing 1 and rotates a shaft 8 which is extended at 9 in the narrowing housing section 4. The direction of shaft rotation is shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, which is drawn at the entrance to the narrowing housing 4.

Das bei 10 in das zylindrische Gehäuse gelangende Fördergut wird zunächst der Einwirkung einer zweiflügeligen Messerschraube 11 unterworfen. Die beiden Messerklingen sind mit 13 und 14 bezeichnet (vgl. auch Figur 3). Die Klingen tragen auf ihrer Oberseite Reißzähne, die bei der Messerklinge 13 mit 15 und 16, bei der Messerklinge 14 mit 17 bezeichnet sind. Auch die Unterseite der Messerklingen ist mit Reißzähnen versehen. Diese tragen im Fall der Messerklinge 13 die Bezugszeichen 18, 19, 20 und bei der Klinge 14 die Bezugszeichen 21, 22, 23. Die Reißzähne sind abgesehen von ihren durch die Breite der Messerklinge bestimmten Abmessungen identisch ausgebildet. Sie besitzen eine vorlaufende konkave Kante 24 und eine bogenförmige, d.h. konvex gekrümmte Nachlaufkante 25 (Figur 1). Die Messerklingen sind außerdem, wie Figur 3 erkennen läßt, geneigt, und zwar so, daß die Messerklinge ausgehend von der jeweils vorlaufenden Kante 26 zur nachlaufenden Kante 27 ansteigt. Die vorlaufende Kante 26 ist ihrerseits wie Fig. 3 erkennen läßt, konkav gekrümmt, während die nachlaufende Kante 27 konvexe Krümmungen aufweist. Diese am Beispiel der Messerklingen 13 und 14 beschriebene Ausbildung kehrt auch in weiteren, diesmal vier--flügeligen Messerschrauben wieder, die in Figur 1 mit 27a bezeichnet sind und deren Messerklingen bei 28, 29, 30, 31 in Figur 3 wiedergegeben sind.The material to be conveyed into the cylindrical housing at 10 is first subjected to the action of a two-winged knife screw 11. The two knife blades are designated 13 and 14 (see also FIG. 3). The blades have fangs on their top, which are designated 15 and 16 in the knife blade 13 and 17 in the knife blade 14. The underside of the knife blades is also equipped with fangs. In the case of the knife blade 13, these bear the reference symbols 18, 19, 20 and in the case of the blade 14 the reference symbols 21, 22, 23. Apart from their dimensions determined by the width of the knife blade, the fangs are identical. They have a leading concave edge 24 and an arcuate, ie convexly curved trailing edge 25 (Figure 1). The knife blades are also inclined, as can be seen in FIG. 3, in such a way that the knife blade rises from the leading edge 26 to the trailing edge 27. The leading edge 26 is in turn, as shown in FIG. 3, concave, while the trailing edge 27 has convex curvatures. This design, which is described using the example of knife blades 13 and 14, also returns in further, this time four winged knife screws again, which are denoted by 27a in FIG. 1 and whose knife blades are shown at 28, 29, 30, 31 in FIG. 3.

Die beiden Messerschrauben 11 und 27a sind in vertikal untereinander angeordneten Ebenen I und III im zylindrischen Abschnitt 1 angebracht. Zwischen den Ebenen I und III liegen die Ebenen II und IV untereinander. In diesen Ebenen befinden sich gehäusefeste, d.h. feststehende Reißmesser. Die Anzahl der Reißmesser in den Ebenen II und IV ist gleich.The two knife screws 11 and 27a are mounted in the vertically arranged planes I and III in the cylindrical section 1. Between levels I and III, levels II and IV lie one below the other. In these levels there are housing-fixed, i.e. fixed ripping knife. The number of ripping knives in levels II and IV is the same.

Wie Figur 2 erkennen läßt, sind die Reißmesser der Ebene II, die mit 33, 34, 35 bezeichnet sind, um gleiche Bogenwinkel gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet. Auch diese Messer sind mit Reißmessern 36 und 37 besetzt, deren Form und Größe den Reißmessern auf den zugeordneten Messerklingen der Messerschrauben 11 bzw. 27a entsprechen. Dabei ist die Anordnung so getroffen, daß die von den wellenfesten Messern zuerst überfahrene Klingenkanten 38 konkav und die Hinterkanten 39 konvex gekrümmt sind.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the tear knives of plane II, which are denoted by 33, 34, 35, are arranged offset from one another by the same arc angle. These knives are also equipped with tear knives 36 and 37, the shape and size of which correspond to the tear knives on the associated knife blades of knife screws 11 and 27a, respectively. The arrangement is such that the blade edges 38 first run over by the shaft-fixed knives are concave and the rear edges 39 are convexly curved.

Dieser Ausbildung entsprechen die in der Ebene IV angeordneten feststehenden Messer 40, 41, 42, die deshalb ebenfalls um gleiche Bogenwinkel versetzt an der Gehäusewand so angebracht sind, daß sie ebenso wie die Messer 33, 34, 35 von den Klingen der Messerschrauben überfahren werden können.This design corresponds to the fixed knives 40, 41, 42 arranged in plane IV, which are therefore also offset from the housing wall by the same arc angle so that they can be run over like the knives 33, 34, 35 by the blades of the knife screws .

Auf der Verlängerung 9 der Welle 8 im sich verengenden Gehäuseteil 4 sind mit Hilfe von flachen Radialstreben 46, 47 Bandschneckensegmente 48 bzw. 49 angebracht. Die nachlaufenden Kanten 50 bzw. 51 sind jeweils mit Messerklingen 52 und 53 besetzt. Wie die Figur 5 erkennen läßt, schließt die Ebene des Bandschneckensegmentes 48 bzw. 49 mit der Wand 52 des sich verjüngenden Gehäuses 4 einen Winkel ein. Dieser Winkel kann unterschiedlich gewählt werden. Wenn er gemäß Figur 5 gegenüber Figur 1 zur Horizontalen größer wird, verringert sich die Verpressung des Mediums gegen die Wand 52 des Trichters, wobei gleichzeitig der Fördereffekt in Richtung auf die Auslauföffnung vergrößert wird. Man kann also durch geeignete Wahl des Winkels α den Leistungsbedarf für den Antrieb der Rührwelle entsprechend den Bedingungen des Aufgabegutes bestimmen.On the extension 9 of the shaft 8 in the narrowing housing part 4, flat spiral struts 46, 47 are used to attach slug segments 48 and 49, respectively. The trailing edges 50 and 51 are each equipped with knife blades 52 and 53. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the plane of the slug segment 48 or 49 forms an angle with the wall 52 of the tapered housing 4. This angle can be chosen differently. If, according to FIG. 5, it becomes larger compared to FIG. 1 to the horizontal, the compression of the medium against the wall 52 of the funnel is reduced, the conveying effect in the direction of the outlet opening being increased at the same time. One can therefore determine the power requirement for driving the agitator shaft according to the conditions of the feed material by a suitable choice of the angle α.

In dem sich in Durchlaufrichtung verengenden Gehäuse 4 (Figur1) befinden sich gehäusefeste Leitrippen 53, die spiralförmig in Drehrichtung der Welle bzw. ihrer Verlängerung 9 an der Innenseite des Gehäuses 4 angeordnet sind. Sie wirken zusammen mit gehäusefesten Leitschaufeln 54 bzw. 55, welche unmittelbar an der Austragsöffnung 56 des Gehäuses angeordnet sind.In the housing 4 narrowing in the direction of passage (FIG. 1) there are guide ribs 53 which are fixed to the housing and which are arranged spirally in the direction of rotation of the shaft or its extension 9 on the inside of the housing 4. They work together with guide vanes 54 and 55, which are fixed to the housing and are arranged directly at the discharge opening 56 of the housing.

Vor diesen Leitschaufeln 55 liegen wellenfeste Vorschubschaufeln, wobei drei um jeweils 120° versetzte Vorschubschaufeln 57; 58, 59 zu einer Schraube 60 zusammengefaßt sind, welche das Gut in Durchlaufrichtung preßt.In front of these guide vanes 55 there are shaft-fixed feed vanes, three feed vanes 57; 58, 59 are combined to form a screw 60 which presses the material in the direction of passage.

Wie Figur 4 zeigt, befinden sich oberhalb der Leitschaufeln 54 und 55 in einer ebenfalls gemeinsamen Radialebene zwei um gleiche Bogenwinkel versetzte Messer 62, 63, deren Ausbildung den feststehenden Messern in den Ebenen II und IV im zylindrischen Abschnitt 1 entspricht. Infolgedessen sind die von den Bandschnecken zuerst überfahrenen Klingenkanten 64 konkav, die rückwärtigen Kanten 65 jedoch konvex gekrümmt. Die Oberseite und die Unterseite der Messerklingen sind mit Reißzähnen 66 bzw. 67 bestückt, wie sie oben für die Messerklingen im zylinderischen Abschnitt 1 erläutert worden sind.As FIG. 4 shows, above the guide vanes 54 and 55 there are two knives 62, 63 offset by the same arc angle in a likewise common radial plane, the design of which corresponds to the fixed knives in the planes II and IV in the cylindrical section 1. As a result, the blade edges 64 first run over by the slugs are concave, but the rear edges 65 are convexly curved. The top and bottom of the knife blades are equipped with fangs 66 and 67, as above for the knife blades have been explained in the cylindrical section 1.

Zwischen den Ebenen und der im sich verjüngenden Gehäuse 4 festen Teile bewegt sich jedoch nicht nur die Schraube 60. Oberhalb der feststehenden Messer 62 und 63 befinden sich auf der Wellenverlängerung 9 weitere Vorschubschaufeln 70 und 71, während unterhalb der Ebene, in der die feststehenden Messer 62 und 63 angeordnet sind, wellenfeste Vorschubschaufeln 72 angeordnet sind.However, not only the screw 60 moves between the planes and the parts fixed in the tapered housing 4. Above the fixed knives 62 and 63 there are 9 further feed blades 70 and 71 on the shaft extension, while below the plane in which the fixed knives are located 62 and 63 are arranged, shaft-fixed feed blades 72 are arranged.

Dadurch, daß in den Ebenen I und III die Anzahl der in den Messerschrauben 11 und 27a zusammengefaßten Messerklingen sich verdoppelt, wird die Zahl der von den Messern ausgeführten Schnitte zeitlich so verteilt, daß sich wenige große Schnitte im Anfang mit mehreren kleinen Schnitten im unteren Teil des zylindrischen Abschnittes 1 ergänzen. Auf den Messerklingen angebrachte Reißzähne beschleunigen die Zerkleinerung. Es ergibt sich dadurch eine von oben nach unten im zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 1 zunehmende Zerkleinerung des Aufgabegutes entlang der Messerklingen, die von Ebene I bis Ebene IV immer stärker angestellt sind.Because the number of knife blades combined in knife screws 11 and 27a doubles in levels I and III, the number of cuts made by the knives is distributed over time in such a way that there are few large cuts in the beginning with several small cuts in the lower part complete the cylindrical section 1. Fangs attached to the knife blades accelerate comminution. This results in an increasing comminution of the feed material along the knife blades from top to bottom in the cylindrical housing section 1, which are increasingly employed from level I to level IV.

Das den zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 1 verlassende Gut gelangt im sich verjüngenden Gehäuse 4 zunächst in den Einwirkungsbereich der Bandschnecke bzw. ihrer Segmente 48 und 49. Diese Segmente sind um 180° versetzt angeordnet, etwa viertelkreisgroß und folgen hinsichtlich ihrer Kontur der des konischen Gehäuses 4. Die sie tragenden flachen Streben 46 und 47 sind ebenfalls in Wirkrichtung der Bandschneckensegmente 48 und 49 angestellt und die von diesen Elementen ausgehenden Wirkungen werden durch die im oberen Teil bereits vorhandenen Abschnitte der Rippen 53 ergänzt. Das führt zu einem für schollige oder klumpige Medien erwünschten Verdichtungseffekt, wobei die Verzögerungswirkung der Rippen 53 eine Unterbrechung der Förderwirkung in Durchlaufrichtung verhindert. Die auf die Schneckensegmente 48 und 49 folgenden Schaufeln 71, 72 bzw. 57, 58, 59 erzeugen den erforderlichen Fördereffekt in Durchlaufrichtung. Die feststehenden Messerklingen wirken bei steif plastischem bzw. stark inhomogenem Medium ihrerseits zerteilend. Schließlich gelangt das Gut in die Bereiche der gehäusefesten Leitschaufeln 54 und 55, durch die es aus der öffnung 56 ausgepreßt wird.The material leaving the cylindrical housing section 1 first arrives in the tapered housing 4 in the area of action of the slug or its segments 48 and 49. These segments are offset by 180 °, approximately the size of a quarter circle, and follow the contour of the conical housing 4. The they carrying flat struts 46 and 47 are also set in the direction of action of the slug segments 48 and 49 and the effects emanating from these elements are already given by those in the upper part existing sections of the ribs 53 supplemented. This leads to a compression effect desired for cloddy or lumpy media, the delaying action of the ribs 53 preventing the conveying action from being interrupted in the direction of flow. The blades 71, 72 and 57, 58, 59 following the screw segments 48 and 49 produce the required conveying effect in the direction of passage. The fixed knife blades have a dividing effect in the case of a stiff plastic or strongly inhomogeneous medium. Finally, the material reaches the areas of the guide vanes 54 and 55 fixed to the housing, through which it is pressed out of the opening 56.

Abweichend von der Darstellung in den Figuren kann sich in der Gehäusewand eine Revisionsöffnung befinden. Die Leitschaufeln 71, 72 sowie die Schraube 60 können auswechselbar auf der Welle angebracht sein.Deviating from the illustration in the figures, an inspection opening can be located in the housing wall. The guide vanes 71, 72 and the screw 60 can be interchangeably attached to the shaft.

Claims (9)

1. Mischer für Dickstoffe, z.B. Filterkuchen, Schlämme o. dgl. mit einem feststehenden Durchlaufbehälter, in dem eine mit Mischwerkzeugen besetzte Welle umläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Mischwerkzeuge mehrere mehrflügelige Messerschrauben (11, 27a) dienen, die mit feststehenden in Ebenen (II, IV) zwischen den Ebenen (I, III) der Messerschrauben (11, 27) angeordneten Reißmessern (33 - 35; 40 - 42) zusammenwirken, und daß die Welle (8) in ein sich in Durchlaufrichtung verengendes Gehäuse (4) verlängert ist, in dem gehäusefeste Leitrippen (53) sowie in aufeinanderfolgenden Radialebenen angeordnete feststehende Messer (62, 63) und gehäusefeste Leitschaufeln (54, 55) hintereinander angeordnet sind, wobei vor den feststehenden Messern (62, 63) wellenfeste Bandschneckensegmente (48, 49) und zwischen den folgenden Ebenen der im Gehäuse festen Teile (62, 63; 54, 55) wellenfeste Vorschubschaufeln (70 - 72; 60) angeordnet sind.1. Mixer for thick matter, e.g. Filter cake, sludge or the like with a fixed flow container, in which a shaft equipped with mixing tools rotates, characterized in that several multi-blade knife screws (11, 27a) serve as mixing tools, which are fixed in levels (II, IV) between the levels (I, III) of the knife screws (11, 27) arranged tear knives (33 - 35; 40 - 42) interact, and that the shaft (8) is extended into a housing (4) narrowing in the direction of passage, in which guide ribs fixed to the housing ( 53) and in successive radial planes fixed knives (62, 63) and housing-fixed guide vanes (54, 55) are arranged one behind the other, in front of the fixed knives (62, 63) shaft-fixed slug segments (48, 49) and between the following planes of the Housing fixed parts (62, 63; 54, 55) shaft-fixed feed blades (70 - 72; 60) are arranged. 2. Mischer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Messer auf ihren Klingen mit feststehenden Reißzähnen (15 - 20; 66) versehen sind.2. Mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives are provided on their blades with fixed fangs (15 - 20; 66). 3. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feststehenden Messerklingen (33 - 35; 40 - 42; 62,63) Ausschnitte aus Schraubenflächen sind, die parallel zu den Flächen der Messerschrauben (11, 27) bzw. der Bandschneckensegmente (48, 49) verlaufen.3. Mixer according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixed knife blades (33 - 35; 40 - 42; 62,63) are cutouts from screw surfaces which are parallel to the surfaces of the knife screws (11, 27) or Band auger segments (48, 49) run. 4. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Bandschneckensegmente (48, 49) an der Wellenverlängerung (9) mit Hilfe von Radialstreben (46, 47) befestigt sind, die in Durchlaufrichtung angestellte Schrägflächen aufweisen.4. Mixer according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slug segments (48, 49) on the shaft extension (9) with the help of radial struts (46, 47) are attached, which have inclined surfaces in the direction of passage. 5. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flügelzahl der Messerschrauben (11, 27) in Durchlaufrichtung zunimmt.5. Mixer according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the number of blades of the knife screws (11, 27) increases in the direction of passage. 6. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die vorlaufenden Kanten (20, 64) der Messerklingen konkav und die Messerrücken (27, 65) gekrümmt sind, und daß die von den wellenfesten Messern zuerst überfahrene Klingenkanten (38) der feststehenden Messer konkav und deren Hinterkanten (39) konvex gekrümmt sind.6. Mixer according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the leading edges (20, 64) of the knife blades are concave and the knife back (27, 65) are curved, and that the blade edges (38) first run over by the shaft-fixed knives fixed knives concave and the rear edges (39) are convexly curved. 7. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Leitschaufeln (54, 55) von außen. verstellbar sind.7. Mixer according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide vanes (54, 55) from the outside. are adjustable. 8. Mischer nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch zylindrisches Gehäuse (1), das die Messerschrauben (11, 27) und die mit ihnen zusammenwirkenden Reißmesser enthält sowie ein daran anschließender konischer Gehäuseteil (4).8. Mixer according to claims 1 to 7, characterized by a cylindrical housing (1) which contains the knife screws (11, 27) and the ripping knife interacting with them, and an adjoining conical housing part (4). 9. Verwendung des Mischers nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7 als Stopfvorrichtung für eine an den Austrag (56) des sich verengenden Gehäuses (4) angeschlossenen Zylinderpumpe (6).9. Use of the mixer according to claims 1 to 7 as a stuffing device for a cylinder pump (6) connected to the discharge (56) of the narrowing housing (4).
EP79104469A 1978-12-05 1979-11-13 Mixer for thick materials, for example filter cakes, slurries or the like, and its use Expired EP0011765B1 (en)

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AT79104469T ATE316T1 (en) 1978-12-05 1979-11-13 MIXER FOR THICK SUBSTANCES, E.G. FILTER CAKE, SLUDGE OR THE LIKE, AND ITS USE.

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DE2852499 1978-12-05
DE19782852499 DE2852499A1 (en) 1978-12-05 1978-12-05 MIXERS FOR DICKERS, e.g. FOR FILTER CAKE, SLUDGE OR THE LIKE

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EP0011765A1 true EP0011765A1 (en) 1980-06-11
EP0011765B1 EP0011765B1 (en) 1981-10-21

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EP (1) EP0011765B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5819328B2 (en)
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ZA (1) ZA796605B (en)

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FR1344719A (en) * 1963-01-18 1963-11-29 mixing or conveyor element
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US3675902A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-07-11 Union Carbide Corp Mixing of fluid materials
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CN106582972A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-04-26 无锡东恒新能源科技有限公司 Dispersing and grinding device for graphene slurry
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CN106423437B (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-05-29 无锡东恒新能源科技有限公司 A kind of graphene slurry dispersion grinder for generating electrostatic field
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CN109269290B (en) * 2018-10-31 2024-02-23 长沙万荣粉体设备科技有限公司 Rotor and depolymerization device
CN111790337A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-20 江西德盛精细化学品有限公司 Acid fixation agent produces and uses reation kettle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5579031A (en) 1980-06-14
ZA796605B (en) 1981-08-26
ATE316T1 (en) 1981-11-15
EP0011765B1 (en) 1981-10-21
JPS5819328B2 (en) 1983-04-18
DE2852499A1 (en) 1980-06-19
US4310124A (en) 1982-01-12

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