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EP0097153A1 - Foyer de chaudiere. - Google Patents

Foyer de chaudiere.

Info

Publication number
EP0097153A1
EP0097153A1 EP19820900499 EP82900499A EP0097153A1 EP 0097153 A1 EP0097153 A1 EP 0097153A1 EP 19820900499 EP19820900499 EP 19820900499 EP 82900499 A EP82900499 A EP 82900499A EP 0097153 A1 EP0097153 A1 EP 0097153A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
combustion chamber
flue gas
diameter
firing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19820900499
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0097153B1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Dr-Ing Schoppe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0097153A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097153A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0097153B1 publication Critical patent/EP0097153B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/285—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged alongside the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing device for boilers, in particular boilers fired with pulverized coal, comprising a firing chamber, at least one burner arranged on one of the essentially vertically directed walls of the firing chamber and at least one flue gas flue starting at the bottom of the firing chamber near one end thereof.
  • the invention is concerned with the firing of heavily loaded boilers.
  • Highly loaded boilers are to be understood as those with a combustion chamber load of the order of 10 ° kcal / m 3 / h.
  • a combustion chamber load of the order of 10 ° kcal / m 3 / h.
  • the invention has for its object to further simplify and improve this device so that boilers with small dimensions and a correspondingly high combustion chamber load can be fired with coal dust and yet clean heating surfaces and a complete removal of the ash can be achieved in dry form.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the burner is arranged above the horizontal central axis of the combustion chamber, which is oriented essentially perpendicular to the combustion chamber wall supporting the burner, and in that an injection opening is also provided at the end of the combustion chamber opposite the flue gas flue, near the bottom of the combustion chamber the inlet opening of the flue gas duct is arranged in the direction of blowing.
  • the inlet opening of the flue gas flue is arranged near the end of the combustion chamber on the burner side, the axis of the burner being oriented essentially parallel to the central axis of the combustion chamber.
  • the inlet opening of the flue gas duct is arranged near the end of the combustion chamber distant from the burner, the burner being oriented such that its axis points at an angle to the central axis of the combustion chamber essentially in the direction of the inlet opening of the flue gas duct. The angle
  • OMPI between the burner axis and the central axis of the combustion chamber is preferably approximately 17 °.
  • the flue gas duct comprises a plurality of flue gas pipes which are arranged horizontally next to one another, tangentially into a collector pipe directed horizontally and transversely to them, which at one end Closed at the other end and connected at its other end to an exhaust pipe of smaller diameter and which has a tangentially positioned outlet pipe, which at its inlet opening points essentially in the direction of flow of the flue gases flowing around the axis of the collecting pipe.
  • the ash particles in the flue gases do not distribute themselves evenly in the collecting pipe, but collect on a spiral path close to the wall, so that the majority of the ash particles can be drawn off through the outlet pipe.
  • the fine and finest ash particles remain in an area of the collecting pipe near the axis and can be fed through the exhaust pipe to a fine filter.
  • the diameter of the collecting pipe should preferably be approximately twice as large, but at least 100 mm larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust pipe can protrude into the header pipe by a distance of at most - B -
  • the outlet pipe expediently attaches to the collecting pipe.
  • the firing device according to the invention is not only suitable for the combustion of coal dust, but can also burn oil or gas.
  • the burner can have a coal dust injection lance and a gas supply device for simultaneous or alternative operation of the burner with coal dust and / or gas.
  • the coal dust injection lance can also be exchangeable for an oil atomizing nozzle. Mixed operation of gas and heating oil in any ratio is also possible in this way.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a first embodiment of a firing device containing the central axis of the firebox
  • FIG. 2 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 1 through a second embodiment: form of the guide device
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a boiler using a firing device according to FIG. 1 in a section corresponding to this FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combustion chamber in the form of a flame tube 10 with a cylindrical jacket 12 and end walls 14 and 16 which are curved outwards.
  • the jacket 12 and the end walls 14 and 16 are water-cooled.
  • the mouth 20 of a burner described in more detail in FIG. 3 is arranged above the flame tube axis 18. Coal dust is blown into the flame tube 10 through the mouth 20 and burned to form a flame 22.
  • the burner mouth 20 is oriented such that the axis 24 of the burner mouth is essentially diagonally drawn through the flame tube 10 around the lower end of the opposite end wall 14.
  • Near the lower end of the sti nwand 14 are inlet openings 26 of flue gas flues 28, which do not start according to the dust content of the combustion gases, as usual in the upper area of the combustion chamber but at the bottom of the same, in order to enable the ash extraction.
  • the flame 22 is directed in the direction of the inlet openings 26 of the flue gas flues 28. This way the main part the dust-like ash is blown in the direction of the inlet openings 26 of the flue gas flues 28.
  • the pulse of the flame 22 forms an upper and a lower gas recirculation, which are indicated by arrows 30 and 32, respectively.
  • the lower gas recirculation 32 can be dangerous insofar as ash can be thrown out by centrifugal force in the area labeled A at the lower end of the end wall 16, which then remains in the designated area A and would nevertheless crust over time.
  • a blowing nozzle 34 is arranged at this point, through which air or exhaust gases are blown essentially parallel to the lower bottom of the flame tube 10, so that ash dust possibly precipitating in area A in the direction of the inlet openings 26 Flue gas flues 28 is blown.
  • the amount of air or exhaust gas blown through the blowing nozzle 34 should be between 10 and 50% of the amount of burner air, preferably 20 to 30%.
  • the blowing speed should be at least 25 m / s, preferably 30 to 40 m / s, for a furnace length of approximately 1.5 m. At these gas quantities and velocities, the effect of the blowing nozzle 34 is sufficient to avoid deposits of ash on the floor of the combustion chamber, in particular in area A, with a combustion chamber length of 1.5 m.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment described above in that the inlet openings 26 of the flue gas flues 28 are arranged at the end of the flame tube 10 on the burner side.
  • the burner mouth is arranged so that its axis 24 and thus also the flame 22 that is produced is directed essentially parallel to the flame tube axis 18.
  • the flame 22 in this case creates a recirculation, which by the arrows 36 is indicated. During this recirculation, there is a risk of dust being ejected in the area marked B.
  • the blowing nozzle is therefore arranged in this case on the end wall 14 opposite the burner mouth 20, so that the gas entering through the blowing nozzle 34 blows the possibly precipitated dust in the direction of the inlet openings 26 of the flue gas flues 28.
  • FIG. 3 shows a complete boiler with a firing device according to FIG. I.
  • the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the boiler generally designated 38, is shown as a hot water boiler for heating purposes with a water inlet 40 and a water outlet 42.
  • the flue gas flues 30 which attach to the bottom of the combustion chamber 10 each comprise flue gas pipes 44 and 46 which are connected to one another by a U-bend 48.
  • flue gas pipes 44 and 46 which are connected to one another by a U-bend 48.
  • this is achieved by arranging the flue gas tubes 46 next to one another and letting them open tangentially into a horizontal header tube 50 directed perpendicular to them.
  • the header pipe 50 is closed on one end face, while an exhaust pipe 52 attaches to its other end face.
  • the diameter of the manifold 50 is approximately twice the diameter of the exhaust pipe 52, but is preferably at least 100 mm larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe 52.
  • the exhaust pipe 52 protrudes into the collecting pipe 50 by a maximum length corresponding to its diameter.
  • the main advantage of this is that a cyclone is not required, but rather the flue gas flow which arises due to the special arrangement of the collecting pipe 50, the exhaust pipe 52 and the exhaust pipe 54 is used in order to remove a considerable proportion of the ash from the flue gases immediately.
  • FIG. 3 shows a burner which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method described above.
  • the burner generally designated 56, is arranged in a tubular extension 58 of the boiler 38 and comprises a slim burner muffle 60 of axial length 12 which widens conically from a diameter d2 in the direction of the combustion chamber 10 to a diameter d3.
  • An acceleration nozzle 62 of length 11 adjoins the larger diameter end of the burner muffle 60, which converges towards the burner mouth 20 and ends in the burner mouth 20 with the diameter d.
  • the combustion air is fed via a fan (not specified in more detail) through an air inlet 64 to a radial vane grille 66, the vanes of which extend over an axial width b and form an angle ⁇ with the circumference.
  • a fuel supply 68 and ignition and control devices 70 are arranged in a known manner.
  • the fuel supply can be designed in the form of a lance through which the coal dust is blown.
  • Accelerator nozzle length 11 430 mm
  • Burner muffle length 12 - 580 mm angle ⁇ between detector axis and combustion chamber axis ⁇ £ • 15-20 °, preferably 17 °
  • Blade angle ß ß 6 to 12 ° preferably 8 to 10 °
  • Flue gas pipes 44, length 14 1570 mm
  • the boiler can be operated with the same output with coal dust, heating oil or gas. Mixed operation of gas and heating oil as well as gas and coal dust is also possible in any ratio.
  • the boiler according to the invention is therefore a three-fuel boiler that can be switched from coal dust to gas and back at any time. To change from coal dust to l, the replacement of the coal dust injection lance with an injection nozzle for oil is necessary. Ignition, monitoring and burner control remain unchanged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

La chaudière, notamment une chaudière dans laquelle est brûlée de la poussière de charbon, comporte une chambre de combustion (10), au moins un brûleur (56) disposé sur une des parois verticales de la chambre de combustion (10) et au moins un conduit d'évacuation des gaz de combustion (44, 46, 48) raccordé au fond de la chambre, au voisinage de l'une de ses extrémités. Le brûleur (56) est disposé au-dessus de l'axe horizontal (18) de la chambre (10), qui est essentiellement perpendiculaire à la paroi (16) portant le brûleur (56). Sur l'extrémité de la chambre (10) opposée au conduit d'évacuation des gaz de combustion (44, 46, 48), et à proximité du fond de celle-ci, est aménagée une ouverture d'insufflation (34) pour l'air ou le gaz de combustion, qui est dirigée vers l'ouverture d'entrée (26) du conduit d'évacuation (44, 46, 48) de telle sorte que la poussière de cendre tombant éventuellement dans cette zone soit soufflée vers cette ouverture d'entrée (26).
EP19820900499 1981-12-30 1981-12-30 Foyer de chaudiere Expired EP0097153B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1981/000235 WO1983002309A1 (fr) 1981-12-30 1981-12-30 Foyer de chaudiere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097153A1 true EP0097153A1 (fr) 1984-01-04
EP0097153B1 EP0097153B1 (fr) 1985-10-02

Family

ID=6723556

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820900499 Expired EP0097153B1 (fr) 1981-12-30 1981-12-30 Foyer de chaudiere

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0097153B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1983002309A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100724619B1 (ko) * 1999-12-14 2007-06-04 톰슨 라이센싱 멀티미디어 포토 앨범

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10301857A1 (de) 2003-01-17 2004-07-29 Schoppe, Fritz, Dr.-Ing. Verfahren zum Befeuern eines Flammrohrkessels mit einem staubförmigen Brennstoff sowie staubgefeuerter Flammrohrkessel
RU208437U1 (ru) * 2021-06-29 2021-12-17 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" Муфельный предтопок для безмазутной растопки паровых и водогрейных котлов

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE572249C (de) * 1933-03-13 Aeg Kohlenstaubfeuerung fuer Flammrohrkessel
FR1327540A (fr) * 1962-07-02 1963-05-17 Calor Oil Générateur d'eau chaude ou de vapeur
FR1526322A (fr) * 1967-04-14 1968-05-24 Brûleur pour foyer
GB1454923A (en) * 1974-06-15 1976-11-10 Le Polt I Im M I Kalinina Furnaces
DE2527618C2 (de) * 1975-06-20 1985-09-26 Fritz Dr.-Ing. 8026 Ebenhausen Schoppe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Kohlenstaub

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8302309A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100724619B1 (ko) * 1999-12-14 2007-06-04 톰슨 라이센싱 멀티미디어 포토 앨범

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1983002309A1 (fr) 1983-07-07
EP0097153B1 (fr) 1985-10-02

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