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EP0096607A1 - Devices for separating cleaning bodies in pipe heat exchangers from their carrying fluids - Google Patents

Devices for separating cleaning bodies in pipe heat exchangers from their carrying fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096607A1
EP0096607A1 EP83401008A EP83401008A EP0096607A1 EP 0096607 A1 EP0096607 A1 EP 0096607A1 EP 83401008 A EP83401008 A EP 83401008A EP 83401008 A EP83401008 A EP 83401008A EP 0096607 A1 EP0096607 A1 EP 0096607A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hopper
trigger guard
downstream
cleaning bodies
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83401008A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0096607B1 (en
Inventor
André Gérard Bizard
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Technos et Cie
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Technos et Cie
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Publication date
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Application filed by Technos et Cie filed Critical Technos et Cie
Priority to AT83401008T priority Critical patent/ATE12141T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/12—Fluid-propelled scrapers, bullets, or like solid bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to installations intended for exchanging heat between two fluids, installations comprising a tube exchanger, in particular of the condenser type, and in which the tubes are cleaned internally using solid bodies, generally spherical and elastic, entrained in these tubes by the fluid which circulates there.
  • It relates more particularly to devices used to separate the body fluid-cleaning which carries them, at their outlet tubes, for no - MENT for recycling to the inlet of the tubes, devices comprising firstly two separator stages successive grids or the like mounted in a section of the outlet pipe of the exchanger and on the other hand a collector connected to the outlet of the second separator stage and arranged so as to receive the cleaning bodies separated from the main stream of the fluid and to evacuate them out of the pipe, this collector being constituted in particular by the suction nozzle (or nozzles) of a recycling pump.
  • the two separator stages are intended to bring together the cleaning bodies in respectively two transverse directions X and Y, perpendicular to each other, of the pipe section considered, of axis Z.
  • the first of these stages, or upstream stage comprises at least one grid composed of equidistant parallel bars whose spacing is less than the smallest overall dimension of the cleaning bodies, this grid being mounted obliquely across the pipe section considered with its parallel bars to the plane containing the direction X and the axis Z of this section, so that the fluid passes through said grid. but that the cleaning bodies are stopped by it and are guided along its bars to its downstream end while being deflected by them in the direction X.
  • the second stage is in the general form of a relatively flat hopper converging downstream and in the direction Y, hopper mounted so as to receive the cleaning bodies coming from the downstream end of the first stage , the cross section of this hopper being elongated in the direction Y, at least one of its walls extending in this direction Y being permeable to the fluid, but not to the cleaning bodies, and at least one of its parallel walls in direction X constituting a deflector capable of deflecting the cleaning bodies, in direction Y, up to the downstream collector.
  • the permeable wall of the hopper which constitutes the second stage being able for example to be constituted by the downstream extension of a grid constituting the first stage, this extension can even be connected to the rest of the grid by a curved area without sharp angles.
  • impurities such as shells, wood debris, etc.
  • these impurities conveyed at the same time as the cleaning bodies by the grid of the first stage in the hopper of the second, can, under certain conditions, be applied against the permeable wall of this hopper and seal it.
  • This clogging reduces the flow rate of the fluid through said wall, which reduces the suction force of the cleaning bodies in the hopper in the direction of the collector.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to propose other particularly effective and economical means for remedying the reported drawback of clogging of the permeable wall of the hopper.
  • the separation devices of the kind in question are essentially characterized in that they comprise a trigger guard extending, across the channel delimiting the stream of fluid charged with cleaning bodies, at a level comprised between the downstream regions of the two separator stages, these regions included, that is to say at the level of the entry of the above current into the hopper or a little upstream of this level or even inside the hopper, from 'a wall of said channel to the opposite wall in the direction X, but not in the direction Y, the downstream collector being arranged so that its upstream orifice opens facing one of the threads of the vortices created by the presence of said trigger guard on said current downstream of this trigger guard.
  • the invention includes, apart from these main provisions, certain other provisions which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
  • the separator is mounted across a pipe section 1 of axis Z in which the fluid leaving a tube heat exchanger circulates, fluid represented schematically by the arrows F.
  • This fluid carries with it cleaning bodies 2 preferably, but not necessarily, consisting of balls of elastic material whose diameter is slightly greater than that of the tubes to be cleaned.
  • the separator comprises two stages serving to collect the cleaning bodies 2 respectively in two transverse directions X and Y. perpendicular to each other of the section 1 so as to separate them from the greater part of the current of entraining fluid and to pour them into the upstream orifice of an external manifold 3. to the pipe, orifice constituted in particular by the (or them) suction nozzle (s) of a recycling pump.
  • the first stage of the separator, or upstream stage comprises at least one grid 4 arranged obliquely with respect to the axis Z so as to allow itself to be traversed by the fluid F but not by the bodies 2.
  • This grid 4 is composed of parallel bars 5 equidistant whose mutual spacing is less than the largest overall dimension of the bodies 2.
  • the bodies 2 driven axially by the fluid F are deflected transversely by this grid in the direction X and are guided by their sliding along the bars 5 to the downstream end of this grid.
  • the second stage of the separator, or downstream stage, is constituted by a flat hopper 6 converging downstream and in the direction Y.
  • This hopper 6 e 'st structured and disposed so as to automatically receive the cleaning bodies delivered by the downstream end of the gate 4.
  • At least one of its walls 7 extending in this direction Y is permeable to the fluid F but not to the cleaning bodies 2; here the second wall 7 is formed by a part of the pipe section 1 itself.
  • At least one of the two walls 8 of the hopper 6, parallel to the direction X constitutes a solid deflector capable of deflecting the bodies 2 in the direction Y to the downstream end of the hopper: here is the case of the two walls 8.
  • a small bridge or trigger guard 9 connecting right through the facing walls of this hopper in the direction X, but not in the direction Y.
  • This trigger guard is therefore placed across the main stream of fluid F tending to enter the hopper normally, which deflects a portion of this stream in the direction Y, but not in the direction X.
  • the general shape of the vortex movement imparted to the flow of fluid loaded into the downstream volume of the hopper is that of two vortices symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane P defined above when, as is the preferred case , the trigger guard 7 is arranged in the middle of the width of the hopper in the direction Y and that this hopper is itself symmetrical with respect to the plane P.
  • an asymmetrical hopper such as that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9: such an asymmetrical hopper can be deduced from the previous one by materializing the plane -P above by a solid partition in the downstream part of the hopper, each half of this downstream portion then corresponding to said asymmetric hopper.
  • the trigger guard is adjacent not only to the two walls of the hopper parallel to the direction Y, but also to one of the walls of this hopper, parallel to the direction X.
  • the trigger guard generally consists of a piece of flat sheet metal possibly including a folded or curved portion, generally at its center.
  • the width of this trigger guard in direction X is that of the hopper.
  • the trigger guard can be fixed, in particular by welding, on the permeable wall 7 on which it projects perpendicularly: this is what has been illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the trigger guard is fixed to the pipe section 1: such a variant is visible in FIGS. 5 and 6, where the upstream orifice of the manifold 3 opens just downstream of the trigger guard 9; in this variant, the central portion 9 1 of the trigger guard has a semi-circular section open downstream and constitutes the upstream section of the manifold 3.
  • the width of the trigger guard 9 in the direction Y is a fraction of the width L of the hopper in this direction at the trigger guard (see Figure 4).
  • This fraction is preferably between 0.3 and 0.4 and is more generally between 0.2 and 0.9: for values less than 0.2, the trigger guard would be too narrow and the vortices would only extend over too small a part of the volume the hopper located downstream of this trigger guard; for values greater than 0.9, the flow rate of fluid loaded with cleaning bodies accessing said volume downstream of the hopper would be too small compared to the size of the vortices and the latter would lack vigor.
  • the width L is generally between 20 and 60 cm.
  • this distance h is advantageously between 0.5 1 and 2 1, an advantageous value being 1, 2 1.
  • this hopper preferably has itself a certain width, which gives it a trapezoidal shape and not triangular: this width j is generally between 0.5 1 and L, and preferably of the same order of magnitude as 1; if it reaches the value L, the downstream portion of the hopper has a rectangular longitudinal section which is of little interest in itself, but, in operation, the two downstream corners of such a hopper are filled with cleaning bodies and / or impurities , which are not evacuated towards the collector, and the surfaces of the piles of these bodies and impurities accumulated in these corners delimit an interior free volume of trapezoidal appearance having good extraction efficiency. '
  • the permeable wall 7 may consist of a grid, this grid possibly being the downstream end of the grid 4 folded down for this purpose parallel to the axis Z.
  • said permeable wall is constituted by a perforated sheet having a relatively high void rate, for example equal to 50%.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from the previous ones in that the separator housed in the pipe section 1 is broken down into two elementary separators symmetrical to one another with respect to an axial plane parallel to the direction Y and in which the first stages gather the cleaning bodies, in the direction X, not towards the side wall of the section 1, but towards the axis of this section.
  • this hopper is constituted by two elementary hoppers 6 1 , 6 2 (see FIG. 8) arranged side by side in the direction Y, connected respectively to two upstream sockets 3 1 , 3 2 of the collector 3: this construction makes it possible to considerably reduce the axial dimension of the hoppers.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 schematically show a simplified variant of the split construction which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the hopper 6 is still in the center of section 1, but it is further broken down. of two elementary hoppers juxtaposed side by side in the direction Y: in FIG. 11, the number of these elementary hoppers is equal to 4, two dissymmetrical elementary half-hoppers of the kind of that illustrated in FIG. 9 being provided in addition to the two transverse ends of the sequence.
  • the various full upstream portions 11 of the hoppers and the various bridges 9 are constituted by a single and same U-shaped profile 14 with sharp edges open upstream and having a flat perforated bottom at 15.
  • the upstream section of the manifold 3 is also constituted by such a U-shaped section 16 open upstream, this upstream opening being partially closed by a succession of caps 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for separating, from the fluid (F) which transports them, the cleaning bodies (2) leaving the tubes of an exchanger with this fluid after having cleaned these tubes, which device comprises two stages for gathering together the bodies respectively in two transverse direction X and Y perpendicular to each other, namely a first stage formed by an oblique grid (4) and a second stage formed by a hopper (6) converging toward the downstream direction, which hopper has a permeable wall (7) parallel to direction Y and is elongate in this direction. A bridge (9) is provided across the hopper, which bridge extends on each side of this hopper in direction X, but not in direction Y, which creates in the downstream region of the hopper swirls preventing any clogging up of the wall (7).

Description

L'invention est relative aux installations destinées à échanger de la chaleur entre deux fluides, installations comportant un échangeur à tubes, notamment du type condenseur, et dans lesquelles les tubes sont nettoyés intérieurement à l'aide de corps solides, généralement sphériques et élastiques, entraînés dans ces tubes par le fluide qui y circule.The invention relates to installations intended for exchanging heat between two fluids, installations comprising a tube exchanger, in particular of the condenser type, and in which the tubes are cleaned internally using solid bodies, generally spherical and elastic, entrained in these tubes by the fluid which circulates there.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement les dispositifs utilisés pour séparer les corps-nettoyants du fluide qui les transporte, à leur sortie des tubes, en vue no- tamment de leur recyclage vers l'entrée de ces tubes, dispositifs comportant d'une part deux étages séparateurs successifs à grille ou analogue montés dans un tronçon de la conduite de sortie de l'échangeur et d'autre part un collecteur raccordé à la sortie du second étage séparateur et agencé de façon à recevoir les corps nettoyants séparés du courant principal du fluide et à les évacuer hors de la conduite, ce collecteur étant constitué notamment par la buse (ou les buses) d'aspiration d'une pompe de recyclage.It relates more particularly to devices used to separate the body fluid-cleaning which carries them, at their outlet tubes, for no - MENT for recycling to the inlet of the tubes, devices comprising firstly two separator stages successive grids or the like mounted in a section of the outlet pipe of the exchanger and on the other hand a collector connected to the outlet of the second separator stage and arranged so as to receive the cleaning bodies separated from the main stream of the fluid and to evacuate them out of the pipe, this collector being constituted in particular by the suction nozzle (or nozzles) of a recycling pump.

Les deux étages séparateurs sont destinés à rassembler les corps nettoyants selon respectivement deux directions transversales X et Y, perpendiculaires entre elles, du tronçon de conduite considéré, d'axe Z.The two separator stages are intended to bring together the cleaning bodies in respectively two transverse directions X and Y, perpendicular to each other, of the pipe section considered, of axis Z.

Le premier de ces étages, ou étage amont, comporte au moins une grille composée de barreaux parallèles équidistants dont l'écartement est inférieur à la plus petite dimension hors tout des corps nettoyants, cette grille étant montée obliquement en travers du tronçon de conduite considéré avec ses barreaux parallèles au plan contenant la direction X et l'axe Z de ce tronçon, de façon telle que le fluide traverse ladite grille. mais que les corps nettoyants soient arrêtés par elle et soient guidés le long de ses barreaux jusqu'à son extrémité aval en étant déviés par eux selon la direction X.The first of these stages, or upstream stage, comprises at least one grid composed of equidistant parallel bars whose spacing is less than the smallest overall dimension of the cleaning bodies, this grid being mounted obliquely across the pipe section considered with its parallel bars to the plane containing the direction X and the axis Z of this section, so that the fluid passes through said grid. but that the cleaning bodies are stopped by it and are guided along its bars to its downstream end while being deflected by them in the direction X.

Le second étage, ou étage aval, se présente sous la forme générale d'une trémie relativement plate convergente vers l'aval et selon la direction Y, trémie montée de façon à recevoir les corps nettoyants en provenance de l'extrémité aval du premier étage, la section transversale de cette trémie étant allongée selon la direction Y, au moins l'une de ses parois s'étendant selon cette direction Y étant perméable au fluide, mais non aux corps nettoyants, et au moins l'une de ses parois parallèles à la direction X constituant un déflecteur propre à dévier les corps nettoyants, selon la direction Y, jusqu'au collecteur aval.The second stage, or downstream stage, is in the general form of a relatively flat hopper converging downstream and in the direction Y, hopper mounted so as to receive the cleaning bodies coming from the downstream end of the first stage , the cross section of this hopper being elongated in the direction Y, at least one of its walls extending in this direction Y being permeable to the fluid, but not to the cleaning bodies, and at least one of its parallel walls in direction X constituting a deflector capable of deflecting the cleaning bodies, in direction Y, up to the downstream collector.

Les deux étages séparateurs qui viennent d'être définis peuvent être nettement distincts l'un de l'autre.The two separator stages which have just been defined can be clearly distinct from each other.

Mais ils peuvent également se fondre l'un dans l'autre d'une manière continue, la paroi perméable de la trémie qui constitue le second étage pouvant être par exemple constituée par le prolongement aval d'une grille constitutive du premier étage, ce prolongement pouvant même être raccordé au restant de la grille par une zone incurvée sans angle vif.But they can also merge into one another in a continuous manner, the permeable wall of the hopper which constitutes the second stage being able for example to be constituted by the downstream extension of a grid constituting the first stage, this extension can even be connected to the rest of the grid by a curved area without sharp angles.

Lorsque le fluide traversant les dispositifs de séparation du genre en question contient un grand nombre d'impuretés (telles que coquillages, débris de bois, etc..) de dimensions voisines de celles des corps nettoyants, ces impuretés, acheminées en même temps que les corps nettoyants par la grille du premier étage dans la trémie du second, peuvent, dans certaines conditions, s'appliquer contre la paroi perméable de cette trémie et la colmater.When the fluid passing through the separation devices of the kind in question contains a large number of impurities (such as shells, wood debris, etc.) of dimensions close to those of the cleaning bodies, these impurities, conveyed at the same time as the cleaning bodies by the grid of the first stage in the hopper of the second, can, under certain conditions, be applied against the permeable wall of this hopper and seal it.

Ce colmatage réduit le débit du fluide à travers ladite paroi, ce qui réduit d'autant la force d'aspiration des corps nettoyants dans la trémie en direction du collecteur.This clogging reduces the flow rate of the fluid through said wall, which reduces the suction force of the cleaning bodies in the hopper in the direction of the collector.

Cette réduction peut aboutir à une immobilisation et à une accumulation des corps nettoyants en amont de ladite trémie ou tout au moins en amont dudit collecteur, ce qui met en défaut la séparation recherchée.This reduction can result in immobilization and accumulation of the cleaning bodies upstream of said hopper or at least upstream of said collector, which defeats the desired separation.

Il se trouve en effet que le débit normal du fluide à travers la paroi perméable de la trémie exerce un rôle prépondérant pour l'entraînement de ces corps vers le collecteur, le débit en question étant plus élevé que celui, résiduel, du fluide considéré, qui accompagne les corps nettoyants dans le collecteur, le premier étant notamment de l'ordre de 20 fois plus élevé que le second.It turns out that the normal flow rate of the fluid through the permeable wall of the hopper exerts a preponderant role for the drive of these bodies towards the collector, the flow rate in question being higher than that, residual, of the fluid considered, which accompanies the cleaning bodies in the collector, the first being in particular of the order of 20 times higher than the second.

Pour écarter ce grave inconvénient, il a déjà été proposé de nettoyer périodiquement la paroi perméable de la trémie, notamment en inversant provisoirement le sens de traversée de cette paroi par le fluide.To overcome this serious drawback, it has already been proposed to periodically clean the permeable wall of the hopper, in particular by temporarily reversing the direction of passage of this wall by the fluid.

L'invention a pour but, surtout, de proposer d'autres moyens particulièrement efficaces et économiques pour remédier à l'inconvénient signalé du colmatage de la paroi perméable de la trémie.The object of the invention is, above all, to propose other particularly effective and economical means for remedying the reported drawback of clogging of the permeable wall of the hopper.

A cet effet, les dispositifs de séparation du genre en question sont essentiellement caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent un pontet s'étendant, en travers du chenal délimitant le courant de fluide chargé de corps nettoyants, à un niveau compris entre les régions aval des deux étages séparateurs, ces régions incluses, c'est-à-dire au niveau de l'entrée du courant ci-dessus dans la trémie ou un peu en amont de ce niveau ou encore à l'intérieur de la trémie, à partir d'une paroi dudit chenal jusqu'à la paroi opposée selon la direction X, mais non pas selon la direction Y, le collecteur aval étant disposé de façon telle que son orifice amont débouche en regard de l'un des filets des tourbillons créés par la présence dudit pontet sur ledit courant en aval de ce pontet.To this end, the separation devices of the kind in question are essentially characterized in that they comprise a trigger guard extending, across the channel delimiting the stream of fluid charged with cleaning bodies, at a level comprised between the downstream regions of the two separator stages, these regions included, that is to say at the level of the entry of the above current into the hopper or a little upstream of this level or even inside the hopper, from 'a wall of said channel to the opposite wall in the direction X, but not in the direction Y, the downstream collector being arranged so that its upstream orifice opens facing one of the threads of the vortices created by the presence of said trigger guard on said current downstream of this trigger guard.

Dans des modes de réalisation préférés, on a recours en outre à l'une et/ou à l'autre des dispositions suivantes :

  • - le pontet est constitué par un morceau de tôle plate ou incurvée au moins localement,
  • - dans un séparateur pour lequel le pontet est disposé à l'intérieur de la trémie, la portion, de la paroi perméable de la trémie, située en amont du pontet, est pleine,
  • - la paroi perméable de la trémie est constituée par une tôle perforée présentant notamment un taux de vide de l'ordre de 50%,
  • - le rapport entre la dimension 1 du pontet selon la direction Y et la largeur intérieure L du chenal selon cette direction Y au niveau dudit pontet est compris entre 0,2 et 0,9, de préférence entre 0,3 et 0,4,
  • - la distance, comptée parallèlement à l'axe Z, entre le pontet et le fond aval de la trémie est comprise entre 0,5 et 2 fois la dimension 1 de ce pontet selon la direction Y,
  • - le pontet est disposé au milieu de la largeur intérieure du chenal selon la direction Y, la section droite de la trémie selon un plan perpendiculaire à la direction X présente la forme d'un trapèze isocèle, et la petite base de ce trapèze isocèle est au moins égale à la moitié de la dimension 1 du pontet selon la direction Y,
  • - la trémie est dissymétrique et le pontet est adjacent non seulement aux deux parois de la trémie s'étendant selon la direction Y mais aussi à l'une de ses parois parallèles à la direction X,
  • - le pontet est fixé,notamment par soudure,sur une paroi perméable délimitant le chenal,
  • - le pontet est fixé sur le tronçon de conduite,
  • - l'orifice amont du collecteur débouche juste en aval du pontet.
In preferred embodiments, use is also made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements:
  • - the trigger guard is formed by a piece of flat or curved sheet metal at least locally,
  • - in a separator for which the trigger guard is arranged inside the hopper, the portion of the permeable wall of the hopper, located upstream of the trigger guard, is full,
  • the permeable wall of the hopper is formed by a perforated sheet having in particular a vacuum rate of the order of 50%,
  • the ratio between the dimension 1 of the trigger guard in the direction Y and the internal width L of the channel in this direction Y at the trigger guard is between 0.2 and 0.9, preferably between 0.3 and 0.4,
  • the distance, counted parallel to the axis Z, between the trigger guard and the downstream bottom of the hopper is between 0.5 and 2 times the dimension 1 of this trigger guard in the direction Y,
  • - the trigger guard is arranged in the middle of the internal width of the channel in the direction Y, the cross section of the hopper according to a plane perpendicular to the direction X presents the shape of an isosceles trapezium, and the small base of this isosceles trapezium is at least equal to half the dimension 1 of the trigger guard in the Y direction,
  • the hopper is asymmetrical and the trigger guard is adjacent not only to the two walls of the hopper extending in the direction Y but also to one of its walls parallel to the direction X,
  • - the trigger guard is fixed, in particular by welding, on a permeable wall delimiting the channel,
  • - the trigger guard is fixed on the pipe section,
  • - the upstream opening of the collector opens just downstream of the trigger guard.

L'invention comprend, mises à part ces dispositions principales, certaines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après.The invention includes, apart from these main provisions, certain other provisions which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.

Dans ce qui suit, l'on va décrire des modes de réalisation préférés de l'invention en se référant aux dessins ci-annexés d'une manière bien entendu non limitative.In what follows, we will describe preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in a manner of course not limiting.

  • Les figures 1 et 2, de ces dessins, montrent respectivement en coupe axiale selon I-I, figure 2 et en vue axiale un dispositif séparateur établi selon l'invention.Figures 1 and 2 of these drawings show respectively in axial section along I-I, Figure 2 and in axial view a separator device established according to the invention.
  • La figure 3 montre en vue latérale à plus grande échelle la portion aval d'un composant de ce dispositif séparateur.Figure 3 shows in side view on a larger scale the downstream portion of a component of this separator device.
  • La figure 4 est une vue explicative semblable à celle de la figure 3.Figure 4 is an explanatory view similar to that of Figure 3.
  • Les figures 5 et 6 montrent respectivement en coupe latérale selon V-V, figure 6 et en coupe axiale selon VI-VI, figure 5, la portion aval d'un autre dispositif séparateur selon l'invention.Figures 5 and 6 show respectively in side section along V-V, Figure 6 and in axial section along VI-VI, Figure 5, the downstream portion of another separator device according to the invention.
  • Les figures 7 et 8 montrent respectivement en coupes axiales selon deux directions perpendiculaires entre elles encore un autre dispositif séparateur conforme à l'invention.Figures 7 and 8 show respectively in axial sections in two directions perpendicular to each other yet another separator device according to the invention.
  • La figure 9 montre schématiquement une variante dissymétrique d'un tel séparateur.FIG. 9 schematically shows an asymmetrical variant of such a separator.
  • Les figures 10 et 11 montrent respectivement en coupes axiales selon deux directions perpendiculaires entre elles encore un autre dispositif séparateur selon l'invention.Figures 10 and 11 show respectively in axial sections in two directions perpendicular to each other yet another separator device according to the invention.

Dans chaque cas, le séparateur est monté en travers d'un tronçon de conduite 1 d'axe Z dans lequel circule le fluide sortant d'un échangeur de chaleur à tubes, fluide représenté schématiquement par les flèches F.In each case, the separator is mounted across a pipe section 1 of axis Z in which the fluid leaving a tube heat exchanger circulates, fluid represented schematically by the arrows F.

Ce fluide entraîne avec lui des corps nettoyants 2 constitués de préférence, mais non obligatoirement, par des boules en matière élastique dont le diamètre est légèrement supérieur à celui des tubes à nettoyer.This fluid carries with it cleaning bodies 2 preferably, but not necessarily, consisting of balls of elastic material whose diameter is slightly greater than that of the tubes to be cleaned.

D'une façon connue en soi, le séparateur comprend deux étages servant à rassembler respectivement les corps nettoyants 2 selon deux directions transversales X et Y . perpendiculaires entre elles du tronçon 1 de façon à les séparer de la plus grande partie du courant de fluide entraîneur et à les déverser dans l'orifice amont d'un collecteur 3 extérieur.à la conduite, orifice constitué notamment par la (ou les) buse(s) d'aspiration d'une pompe de recyclage.In a manner known per se, the separator comprises two stages serving to collect the cleaning bodies 2 respectively in two transverse directions X and Y. perpendicular to each other of the section 1 so as to separate them from the greater part of the current of entraining fluid and to pour them into the upstream orifice of an external manifold 3. to the pipe, orifice constituted in particular by the (or them) suction nozzle (s) of a recycling pump.

Le premier étage du séparateur, ou étage amont, comporte au moins une grille 4 disposée obliquement par rapport à l'axe Z de façon à se laisser traverser par le fluide F mais non par les corps 2.The first stage of the separator, or upstream stage, comprises at least one grid 4 arranged obliquely with respect to the axis Z so as to allow itself to be traversed by the fluid F but not by the bodies 2.

Cette grille 4 est composée de barreaux parallèles 5 équidistants dont l'écartement mutuel est inférieur à la plus grande dimension hors tout des corps 2.This grid 4 is composed of parallel bars 5 equidistant whose mutual spacing is less than the largest overall dimension of the bodies 2.

Ces barreaux 5 s'étendent parallèlement à la ligne de plus grande pente de la grille, ligne contenue elle-même dans le plan P qui contient l'axe Z et la direction X.These bars 5 extend parallel to the line of greatest slope of the grid, a line itself contained in the plane P which contains the axis Z and the direction X.

En parvenant contre la grille 4, les corps 2 entrai- nés axialement par le fluide F sont déviés transversalement par cette grille selon la direction X et sont guidés par leur glissement le long des barreaux 5 jusqu'à l'extrémité aval de cette grille.Arriving against the grid 4, the bodies 2 driven axially by the fluid F are deflected transversely by this grid in the direction X and are guided by their sliding along the bars 5 to the downstream end of this grid.

Le second étage du séparateur, ou étage aval, est constitué par une trémie plate 6 convergeant vers l'aval et selon la direction Y.The second stage of the separator, or downstream stage, is constituted by a flat hopper 6 converging downstream and in the direction Y.

Cette trémie 6 e'st agencée et disposée de façon à recevoir automatiquement les corps nettoyants délivrés par l'extrémité aval de la grille 4.This hopper 6 e 'st structured and disposed so as to automatically receive the cleaning bodies delivered by the downstream end of the gate 4.

Sa section transversale, de forme générale rectangulaire, est allongée selon la direction Y.Its cross section, generally rectangular in shape, is elongated in the direction Y.

Au moins l'une de ses parois 7 s'étendant selon cette direction Y est perméable au fluide F mais non aux corps nettoyants 2; ici la seconde paroi 7 est constituée par une partie du tronçon de conduite 1 lui-même.At least one of its walls 7 extending in this direction Y is permeable to the fluid F but not to the cleaning bodies 2; here the second wall 7 is formed by a part of the pipe section 1 itself.

Au moins l'une des deux parois 8,de la trémie 6, parallèles à la direction X constitue un déflecteur plein propre à dévier les corps 2 selon la direction Y jusqu'à l'extrémité aval de la trémie: c'est ici le cas des deux parois 8.At least one of the two walls 8 of the hopper 6, parallel to the direction X constitutes a solid deflector capable of deflecting the bodies 2 in the direction Y to the downstream end of the hopper: here is the case of the two walls 8.

C'est dans ladite trémie 6 que débouche l'orifice d'aspiration du collecteur 3.It is in said hopper 6 that the suction port of the collector 3 opens.

Pour écarter les risques de colmatage de la paroi perméable 7, selon l'invention, on prévoit dans la trémie un petit pont ou pontet 9 reliant de part en part les parois en regard de cette trémie selon la direction X, mais non selon la direction Y.To avoid the risk of clogging of the permeable wall 7, according to the invention, there is provided in the hopper a small bridge or trigger guard 9 connecting right through the facing walls of this hopper in the direction X, but not in the direction Y.

Ce pontet est donc disposé en travers du courant principal de fluide F tendant à pénétrer normalement dans la trémie, ce qui dévie une portion de ce courant selon la direction Y, mais non selon la direction X.This trigger guard is therefore placed across the main stream of fluid F tending to enter the hopper normally, which deflects a portion of this stream in the direction Y, but not in the direction X.

La totalité de ce courant, chargé de corps nettoyants 2 et éventuellement d'impuretés, pénètre donc "tangentiellement" dans le volume confiné, convergeant vers l'aval, qui constitue la portion aval de la trémie, savoir sa portion disposée en aval du pontet 9.All of this current, loaded with cleaning bodies 2 and possibly with impurities, therefore penetrates "tangentially" into the confined volume, converging downstream, which constitutes the downstream portion of the hopper, namely its portion disposed downstream of the trigger guard 9.

Ce courant est soumis à un violent mouvement tourbillonnaire dans ladite portion aval, comme visible en T sur la figure 4: aucune autre possibilité n'est en effet donnée pour la circulation dudit courant à l'intérieur dudit volume confiné avant l'évacuation de la plus grande partie du fluide porteur F constitutif de ce courant à travers la paroi perméable 7, c'est-à-dire perpendiculairement au plan du tourbillon (flèche G, figure 1).This current is subjected to a violent vortex movement in said downstream portion, as visible at T in FIG. 4: no other possibility is in fact given for the circulation of said current inside said confined volume before the evacuation of the greater part of the carrier fluid F constituting this current through the permeable wall 7, that is to say perpendicular to the plan of the tourbillon (arrow G, figure 1).

L'expérience montre qu'il suffit de disposer l'orifice amont du collecteur d'aspiration 3 à proximité immédiate de l'un des filets du tourbillon T pour que les corps nettoyants et autres impuretés transportés par ces filets, et trop gros pour traverser la paroi 7, soient évacués automatiquement et rapidement vers ce collecteur.Experience shows that it suffices to have the upstream orifice of the suction manifold 3 in the immediate vicinity of one of the threads of the vortex T so that the cleaning bodies and other impurities transported by these threads, and too large to pass through. the wall 7, are evacuated automatically and quickly to this collector.

Ce résultat surprenant, obtenu par la simple addition du pontet décrit ci-dessus en travers de la trémie, présente un très grand intérêt dans la pratique : il se traduit en effet par une suppression quasi totale des risques ce colmatage qui ont été signalés précédemment pour la paroi perméable de la trémie, ce qui réduit considérablement l'importance et la fréquence des nettoyages de cette paroi.This surprising result, obtained by the simple addition of the trigger guard described above across the hopper, is of very great interest in practice: it results in fact in an almost total elimination of the risks of this clogging which were previously reported for the permeable wall of the hopper, which considerably reduces the importance and the frequency of cleaning of this wall.

La forme générale du mouvement tourbillonnaire imprimé au courant de fluide chargé dans le volume aval de la trémie est celle de deux tourbillons symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport au plan P défini ci-dessus lorsque, comme c'est le cas préféré, le pontet 7 est disposé au milieu de la largeur de la trémie selon la direction Y et que cette trémie est elle-même symétrique par rapport au plan P.The general shape of the vortex movement imparted to the flow of fluid loaded into the downstream volume of the hopper is that of two vortices symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane P defined above when, as is the preferred case , the trigger guard 7 is arranged in the middle of the width of the hopper in the direction Y and that this hopper is itself symmetrical with respect to the plane P.

Dans ce cas les deux tourbillons prennent en quelque sorte appui latéralement l'un contre l'autre le long du plan P.In this case the two vortices somehow bear laterally against each other along the plane P.

Mais on pourrait également concevoir une trémie dissymétrique telle que celle schématisée sur la figure 9 : une telle trémie dissymétrique peut être déduite de la précédente en matérialisant le plan -P ci-dessus par une cloison pleine dans la partie aval de la trémie, chaque moitié de cette portion aval correspondant alors à ladite trémie dissymétrique. Dans ce dernier cas, le pontet est adjacent non seulement aux deux parois de la trémie parallèles à la direction Y, mais aussi à l'une des parois, de cette trémie, parallèles à la direction X.But we could also design an asymmetrical hopper such as that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9: such an asymmetrical hopper can be deduced from the previous one by materializing the plane -P above by a solid partition in the downstream part of the hopper, each half of this downstream portion then corresponding to said asymmetric hopper. In the latter case, the trigger guard is adjacent not only to the two walls of the hopper parallel to the direction Y, but also to one of the walls of this hopper, parallel to the direction X.

Le pontet est généralement constitué par un morceau de tôle plane comprenant éventuellement une portion pliée ou incurvée, généralement en son centre.The trigger guard generally consists of a piece of flat sheet metal possibly including a folded or curved portion, generally at its center.

La largeur de ce pontet selon la direction X est celle de la trémie.The width of this trigger guard in direction X is that of the hopper.

Mais ce pontet n'est pas obligatoirement solidarisé avec les deux parois qu'il relie.But this trigger guard is not necessarily secured to the two walls that it connects.

C'est en particulier le cas lorsque le séparateur est monté pivotant autour d'un axe transversal 10 parallèle à la direction Y, de façon telle que l'on puisse inverser provisoirement son inclinaison par rapport au sens de circulation du fluide F à des fins de nettoyage.This is in particular the case when the separator is pivotally mounted about a transverse axis 10 parallel to the direction Y, so that one can temporarily reverse its inclination relative to the direction of circulation of the fluid F for purposes of cleaning.

Dans un tel cas, le pontet peut être fixé, notamment par soudure, sur la paroi perméable 7 sur laquelle il fait saillie perpendiculairement : c'est ce qui a été illustré sur les figures 1 à 4.In such a case, the trigger guard can be fixed, in particular by welding, on the permeable wall 7 on which it projects perpendicularly: this is what has been illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Selon une variante du même cas, le pontet est fixé sur le tronçon de conduite 1 : une telle variante est visible sur les figures 5 et 6, où l'orifice amont du collecteur 3 débouche juste en aval du pontet 9 ; dans cette variante, la portion centrale 91 du pontet présente une section semi-circulaire ouverte vers l'aval et constitue le tronçon amont du collecteur 3.According to a variant of the same case, the trigger guard is fixed to the pipe section 1: such a variant is visible in FIGS. 5 and 6, where the upstream orifice of the manifold 3 opens just downstream of the trigger guard 9; in this variant, the central portion 9 1 of the trigger guard has a semi-circular section open downstream and constitutes the upstream section of the manifold 3.

Il peut être avantageux de constituer par une cloison pleine la portion 11, de la paroi perméable 7, qui est située en amont du pontet.It may be advantageous to constitute by a solid partition the portion 11 of the permeable wall 7, which is located upstream of the trigger guard.

Le mode de réalisation des figures 5 et 6 se prête bien à une telle disposition, la portion pleine 11 pouvant alors être solidarisée avec le tronçon 91 et une ossature 12 étant alors prévue pour solidariser entre elles la grille 4 et la paroi perméable 7 de la trémie 6.The embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 lends itself well to such an arrangement, the solid portion 11 can then be secured to the section 9 1 and a frame 12 is then provided to secure together the grid 4 and the permeable wall 7 of hopper 6.

La largeur du pontet 9 selon la direction Y est une fraction de la largeur L de la trémie selon cette direction au niveau de ce pontet (voir figure 4).The width of the trigger guard 9 in the direction Y is a fraction of the width L of the hopper in this direction at the trigger guard (see Figure 4).

Cette fraction est de préférence comprise entre 0,3 et 0,4 et est plus généralement comprise entre 0,2 et 0,9 : pour les valeurs inférieures à 0,2, le pontet serait trop étroit et les tourbillons ne s'étendraient que sur une trop petite partie du volume de la trémie situé en aval de ce pontet; pour les valeurs supérieures à 0,9, le débit de fluide chargé de corps nettoyants accédant audit volume aval de la trémie serait trop petit par rapport à la taille des tourbillons et ces derniers manqueraient de vigueur.This fraction is preferably between 0.3 and 0.4 and is more generally between 0.2 and 0.9: for values less than 0.2, the trigger guard would be too narrow and the vortices would only extend over too small a part of the volume the hopper located downstream of this trigger guard; for values greater than 0.9, the flow rate of fluid loaded with cleaning bodies accessing said volume downstream of the hopper would be too small compared to the size of the vortices and the latter would lack vigor.

Dans la pratique, la largeur L est généralement comprise entre 20 et 60 cm.In practice, the width L is generally between 20 and 60 cm.

Si l'on appelle h la distance, comptée parallèlement à l'axe Z, entre le pontet 9 et le fond de la trémie, cette distance h est avantageusement comprise entre 0,5 1 et 2 1, une valeur avantageuse étant de 1,2 1.If the distance h, counted parallel to the axis Z, between the trigger guard 9 and the bottom of the hopper is called h, this distance h is advantageously between 0.5 1 and 2 1, an advantageous value being 1, 2 1.

Le fond de cette trémie présente de préférence lui-même une certaine largeur, ce qui donne à celle-ci une forme trapézoïdale et non pas triangulaire : cette largeur j est en général comprise entre 0,5 1 et L, et de préférence du même ordre de grandeur que 1 ; si elle atteint la valeur L, la portion aval de la trémie présente une section longitudinale rectangulaire peu intéressante en elle-même, mais, en fonctionnement, les deux coins aval d'une telle trémie se remplissent de corps nettoyants et/ou d'impuretés, lesquels ne sont pas évacués vers le collecteur, et les surfaces des tas de ces corps et impuretés accumulés dans ces coins délimitent un volume libre intérieur d'allure trapézoïdale présentant une bonne efficacité d'extraction.'The bottom of this hopper preferably has itself a certain width, which gives it a trapezoidal shape and not triangular: this width j is generally between 0.5 1 and L, and preferably of the same order of magnitude as 1; if it reaches the value L, the downstream portion of the hopper has a rectangular longitudinal section which is of little interest in itself, but, in operation, the two downstream corners of such a hopper are filled with cleaning bodies and / or impurities , which are not evacuated towards the collector, and the surfaces of the piles of these bodies and impurities accumulated in these corners delimit an interior free volume of trapezoidal appearance having good extraction efficiency. '

La paroi perméable 7 peut être constituée par une grille, cette grille étant éventuellement l'extrémité aval de la grille 4 rabattue à cet effet parallèlement à l'axe Z.The permeable wall 7 may consist of a grid, this grid possibly being the downstream end of the grid 4 folded down for this purpose parallel to the axis Z.

Dans les modes de réalisation préférés, ladite paroi perméable est constituée par une tôle perforée présentant un taux de vides relativement élevé, par exemple égal à 50%.In the preferred embodiments, said permeable wall is constituted by a perforated sheet having a relatively high void rate, for example equal to 50%.

Le mode de réalisation des figures 7 et 8 diffère des précédents en ce que le séparateur logé dans le tronçon de conduite 1 est décomposé en deux séparateurs élémentaires symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport à un plan axial parallèle à la direction Y et dans lesquels les premiers étages rassemblent les corps nettoyants, selon la direction X, non pas vers la paroi latérale du tronçon 1, mais vers l'axe de ce tronçon.The embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from the previous ones in that the separator housed in the pipe section 1 is broken down into two elementary separators symmetrical to one another with respect to an axial plane parallel to the direction Y and in which the first stages gather the cleaning bodies, in the direction X, not towards the side wall of the section 1, but towards the axis of this section.

Les trémies constituant les seconds étages de ces. deux séparateurs sont alors confondues en une seule trémie centrale 6 dont les parois 7, parallèles à la direction Y, sont toutes les deux ajourées.The hoppers constituting the second stages of these. two separators are then merged into a single central hopper 6 whose walls 7, parallel to the direction Y, are both perforated.

Sur les dessins, cette trémie est constituée par deux trémies élémentaires 61, 62 (voir figure 8) disposées côte à côte selon la direction Y, raccordées respectivement à deux prises amont 31, 32 du collecteur 3 : cette construction permet de réduire considérablement la dimension axiale des trémies.In the drawings, this hopper is constituted by two elementary hoppers 6 1 , 6 2 (see FIG. 8) arranged side by side in the direction Y, connected respectively to two upstream sockets 3 1 , 3 2 of the collector 3: this construction makes it possible to considerably reduce the axial dimension of the hoppers.

On voit encore sur ces figures 7 et 8 :

  • - des ossatures 12 remplissant exactement le même rôle que l'ossature 12 illustrée sur la figure 6,
  • - des caissons latéraux 13 montés à l'intérieur du tronçon 1 et délimités dans ce tronçon par des parois longitudinales planes déterminant le volume accessible au fluide F au centre du tronçon 1 de façon à rendre possibles sans jeu latéral les basculements des séparateurs autour de leurs axes de rotation transversaux 101, 102 aux fins de nettoyage.
We still see in these figures 7 and 8:
  • - frames 12 fulfilling exactly the same role as the frame 12 illustrated in FIG. 6,
  • - lateral boxes 13 mounted inside the section 1 and delimited in this section by flat longitudinal walls determining the volume accessible to the fluid F at the center of the section 1 so as to make possible the lateral tilting of the separators around their transverse axes of rotation 10 1 , 10 2 for cleaning purposes.

Les figures 10 et 11 montrent schématiquement une variante de réalisation simplifiée de la construction dédoublée qui vient d'être décrite en référence aux figures 7 et 8.FIGS. 10 and 11 schematically show a simplified variant of the split construction which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

Dans cette variante, la trémie 6 se trouve encore au centre du tronçon 1, mais elle est décomposée en plus. de deux trémies élémentaires juxtaposées côte à côte selon la direction Y : sur la figure 11, le nombre de ces trémies élémentaires est égal à 4, deux demi-trémies élémentaires dissymétriques du genre de celle illustrée sur la figure 9 étant prévues en outre aux deux extrémités transversales de la suite.In this variant, the hopper 6 is still in the center of section 1, but it is further broken down. of two elementary hoppers juxtaposed side by side in the direction Y: in FIG. 11, the number of these elementary hoppers is equal to 4, two dissymmetrical elementary half-hoppers of the kind of that illustrated in FIG. 9 being provided in addition to the two transverse ends of the sequence.

Dans ce cas, les différentes portions amont pleines 11 des trémies et les différents pontets 9 sont constitués par un seul et même profilé 14 en U à arêtes vives ouvert vers l'amont et présentant un fond plat ajouré en 15.In this case, the various full upstream portions 11 of the hoppers and the various bridges 9 are constituted by a single and same U-shaped profile 14 with sharp edges open upstream and having a flat perforated bottom at 15.

Le tronçon amont du collecteur 3 est également constitué par un tel profilé 16 en U ouvert vers l'amont, cette ouverture amont étant partiellement obturée par une succession de chapeaux 17.The upstream section of the manifold 3 is also constituted by such a U-shaped section 16 open upstream, this upstream opening being partially closed by a succession of caps 17.

Les différents chapeaux 17, disposés en regard des ouvertures 15, délimitent les fonds, des différentes trémies élémentaires ci-dessus et sont constitués chacun par deux bouts de tôle plane recourbés chacun selon un quart de cylindre de révolution et accolés entre eux de façon à former des sortes d'accents circonflexes (voir figure 11).The various caps 17, disposed opposite the openings 15, delimit the bottoms, of the various elementary hoppers above and are each constituted by two ends of flat sheet metal each curved according to a quarter of a cylinder of revolution and joined together so as to form sort of circumflex accents (see figure 11).

En suite de quoi, et quel que soit le mode de réalisation adopté, on dispose finalement d'un séparateur du genre décrit ci-dessus dont la constitution, le fonctionnement et les avantages, notamment la suppression automatique de tout risque de colmatage de la paroi perméable aval, résultent suffisamment de ce qui précède.Following which, and whatever the embodiment adopted, there is finally a separator of the kind described above whose constitution, operation and advantages, in particular the automatic removal of any risk of clogging of the wall. permeable downstream, result sufficiently from the above.

Comme il va de soi, et comme il résulte d'ailleurs déjà de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes d'application et de réalisation qui ont été plus spécialement envisagés ; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes, notamment :

  • - celles où la distance h définie ci-dessus entre le pontet et le fond de la trémie ne serait pas infrieure. à la dimension axiale de la trémie, mais égale ou supérieure à celle-ci, le pontet 9 étant dans ce dernier cas placé un peu en amont de la zone de transition reliant les deux étages du séparateur, ainsi qu'il a été schématisé en 9' sur la figure 7, le niveau où se trouve ledit pontet pouvant être ainsi généralement défini comme "compris entre les régions aval des deux étages séparateurs, ces régions incluses",
  • - celles où le morceau de tôle ou de plaque constitutif du pontet serait recourbé sur toute son étendue selon une tuile romaine tournant sa convexité vers l'amont ou encore plié selon un dièdre présentant sa pointe vers l'amont, les deux pans de ce dièdre pouvant être recourbés avec leur concavité orientée notamment vers l'amont de façon à guider le fluide juste en amont de ce pontet,
  • - celles où le pontet serait constitué par un autre élément qu'un morceau de tôle ou de plaque, par exemple par un prisme creux ou plein présentant en section droite la forme d'un triangle éventuellement curviligne dont un côté rectiligne s'étendrait transversalement par rapport à la direction générale d'écoulement du fluide en amont du pontet et dont les autres côtés s'étendraient obliquement par rapport à cette direction générale, ces côtés obliques étant éventuellement recourbés et tournant notamment leur concavité vers l'amont, ou encore par un demi-tube creux ou plein tournant sa convexité vers l'amont, l'ouverture diamétrale de ce demi-tube, orientée vers l'aval, pouvant être elle-même fermée à l'aide d'un panneau plan,
  • - et celles où la face aval du pontet serait elle-même conformée de façon à guider le (ou les) tourbillon(s) le long de cette face et présenterait notamment à cet effet, dans le cas d'une trémie symétrique, une excroissance en forme de dièdre, à pans plans ou curvilignes.
As it goes without saying, and as it already follows from the foregoing, the invention is in no way limited to those of its modes of application and embodiments which have been more especially envisaged; on the contrary, it embraces all variants, in particular:
  • - those where the distance h defined above between the trigger guard and the bottom of the hopper would not be less. to the axial dimension of the hopper, but equal to or greater than this, the trigger guard 9 being in the latter case placed a little upstream of the transition zone connecting the two stages of the separator, as has been shown schematically in 9 ′ in FIG. 7, the level at which said trigger guard is located, which can thus be generally defined as "lying between the downstream regions of the two separating stages, these regions included",
  • - those where the piece of sheet metal or plate constituting the trigger guard would be bent over its entire extent according to a Roman tile turning its convexity upstream or even folded according to a dihedral presenting its point upstream, the two sides of this dihedral can be curved with their concavity oriented in particular upstream so as to guide the fluid just upstream of this trigger guard,
  • - those where the trigger guard would be constituted by another element than a piece of sheet metal or plate, for example by a hollow or solid prism having in cross section the shape of a possibly curvilinear triangle of which a rectilinear side would extend transversely by relative to the general direction of flow of the fluid upstream of the trigger guard and the other sides of which extend obliquely with respect to this general direction, these oblique sides possibly being curved and turning in particular their concavity upstream, or even by a hollow or full half-tube turning its convexity upstream, the diametrical opening of this half-tube, oriented downstream, which can itself be closed using a flat panel,
  • - And those where the downstream face of the trigger guard would itself be shaped so as to guide the vortex (s) along this face and would present in particular for this purpose, in the case of a symmetrical hopper, a protuberance in the form of a dihedral, with flat or curvilinear sides.

Claims (12)

1. Dispositif pour séparer, du fluide (F) qui les. transporte, les corps nettoyants (2) sortant avec ce fluide d'un échangeur à tubes après en avoir nettoyé les tubes, comportant d'une part deux étages séparateurs successifs à grille ou analogue montés dans un tronçon (1) d'axe Z de la conduite de sortie de l'échangeur et destinés à rassembler les corps nettoyants selon respectivement deux directions transversales X et Y, perpendiculaires entre elles, dudit tronçon de conduite, et d'autre part un collecteur (3) raccordé à la sortie du second étage séparateur et agencé de façon à recevoir les corps nettoyants séparés du courant principal du fluide et à les évacuer hors de la conduite, le premier desdits étages, ou étage amont, comportant au moins une grille (4) composée de barreaux (5) parallèles équidistants dont l'écartement est inférieur à la plus petite dimension hors tout des corps nettoyants, cette grille étant montée obliquement en travers du tronçon de conduite considéré avec ses barreaux parallèles au plan contenant la direction X et l'axe Z de ce tronçon, de façon telle que le fluide traverse ladite grille mais que les corps nettoyants soient arrêtés par elle et soient guidés le long de ses barreaux jusqu'à son extrémité aval en étant déviés par eux selon la direction X, et le second étage, ou étage aval, se présentant sous la forme générale d'une trémie (6) convergente vers l'aval et selon la direction Y, trémie montée de façon à recevoir les corps nettoyants en provenance de l'extrémité aval du premier étage, la section transversale de cette trémie étant allongée selon la direction Y, au moins l'une de ses parois (7)s'étendant selon cette direction Y étant perméable au fluide, mais non aux corps nettoyants, et au moins l'une de ses parois (8) parallèles à la direction X constituant un déflecteur propre à dévier les corps nettoyants, selon la direction Y, jusqu'au collecteur aval, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un pontet (9) s'étendant, en travers du chenal délimitant le courant de fluide chargé de corps nettoyants, à un niveau compris entre les régions aval des deux étages séparateurs, ces régions incluses, à partir d'une paroi dudit chenal jusqu'à la paroi opposée selon la direction X, mais non pas selon la direction Y, le collecteur aval (3) étant disposé de façon telle que son orifice amont débouche en regard de l'un des filets des tourbillons (T) créés par la présence dudit pontet sur ledit courant en aval de ce pontet. 1 . Device for separating the fluid (F) which separates them. transports, the cleaning bodies (2) leaving with this fluid from a tube exchanger after having cleaned the tubes, comprising on the one hand two successive separator stages with a grid or the like mounted in a section (1) of axis Z of the outlet pipe of the exchanger and intended to gather the cleaning bodies in respectively two transverse directions X and Y, perpendicular to each other, of said pipe section, and on the other hand a manifold (3) connected to the outlet of the second stage separator and arranged so as to receive the cleaning bodies separated from the main stream of the fluid and to evacuate them out of the pipe, the first of said stages, or upstream stage, comprising at least one grid (4) composed of bars (5) parallel equidistant whose spacing is less than the smallest overall dimension of the cleaning bodies, this grid being mounted obliquely across the pipe section considered with its bars parallel to the plane containing the directio n X and the axis Z of this section, so that the fluid passes through said grid but the cleaning bodies are stopped by it and are guided along its bars to its downstream end being deflected by them according to the direction X, and the second stage, or downstream stage, being in the general form of a hopper (6) converging downstream and in direction Y, hopper mounted so as to receive the cleaning bodies coming from the downstream end of the first stage, the cross section of this hopper being elongated in the direction Y, at least one of its walls (7) extending in this direction Y being permeable to the fluid, but not to the cleaning bodies, and to the at least one of its walls (8) parallel to the direction X constituting a deflector capable of deflecting the cleaning bodies, according to direction Y, up to the downstream collector, characterized in that it comprises a bridge (9) extending, across the channel delimiting the stream of fluid loaded with cleaning bodies, at a level comprised between the downstream regions of the two separator stages, these regions included, from one wall of said channel to the opposite wall in direction X, but not in direction Y, the downstream collector (3) being arranged in such a way that its upstream opening opens out opposite one of the threads of the vortices (T) created by the presence of said trigger guard on said current downstream of this trigger guard. 2. Séparateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le pontet (9).est constitué par un morceau de tôle plate ou incurvée au moins localement.2. Separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger guard (9) .is constituted by a piece of flat sheet metal or curved at least locally. 3. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, pour lequel le pontet est disposé à l'intérieur de la trémie, caractérisé en ce que la portion, de la paroi perméable (7) de la trémie (6), située en amont du pontet (9), est pleine.3. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, for which the trigger guard is arranged inside the hopper, characterized in that the portion of the permeable wall (7) of the hopper (6), located upstream of the trigger guard (9) is full. 4. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que la paroi perméable (7) de la trémie est constituée par une tôle perforée présentant notamment un taux de vide de l'ordre de 50%.4. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permeable wall (7) of the hopper is constituted by a perforated sheet having in particular a vacuum rate of the order of 50%. 5. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la dimension 1 du pontet (9) selon la direction Y et la largeur intérieure L du chenal selon cette direction Y au niveau dudit pontet est compris entre 0,2 et 0,9, de préférence entre 0,3 et 0,4.5. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio between the dimension 1 of the trigger guard (9) in the direction Y and the internal width L of the channel in this direction Y at the said trigger guard is between 0 , 2 and 0.9, preferably between 0.3 and 0.4. 6. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que la distance, comptée parallèlement à l'axe Z, entre le pontet et le fond aval de la trémie, est comprise entre 0,5 et 2 fois la dimension 1 de ce pontet selon la direction Y.6. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance, counted parallel to the axis Z, between the trigger guard and the downstream bottom of the hopper, is between 0.5 and 2 times the dimension 1 of this trigger guard in direction Y. 7. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que le pontet (9) est disposé au milieu de la largeur intérieure du chenal selon la direction Y, en ce que la section droite de la trémie (6) selon un plan perpendiculaire à la direction X présente la forme générale d'un trapèze isocèle, et en ce que la petite base de ce trapèze isocèle est au moins égale à la moitié de la dimension 1 du pontet selon la direction Y.7. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trigger guard (9) is arranged in the middle of the internal width of the channel in the direction Y, in that the cross section of the hopper (6) according to a plane perpendicular to direction X has the general shape of an isosceles trapezoid, and in that the small base of this isosceles trapezoid is at least equal to half the dimension 1 of the trigger guard in direction Y. 8. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la trémie est dissymétrique et en ce que le pontet (9) est adjacent non seulement aux deux parois (7) de la trémie s'étendant selon la direction Y, mais aussi à l'une de ses parois (8) parallèles à la direction X.8. Separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hopper is asymmetrical and in that the trigger guard (9) is adjacent not only to the two walls (7) of the hopper extending in the direction Y, but also to one of its walls (8) parallel to the direction X. 9. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que le pontet (9) est fixé, notamment par soudure, sur une paroi perméable délimitant le chenal.9. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trigger guard (9) is fixed, in particular by welding, on a permeable wall delimiting the channel. 10. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que le pontet est fixé sur le tronçon de conduite (1).10. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trigger guard is fixed on the pipe section (1). 11. Séparateur selon la revendication 11, pour lequel le premier étage comprend deux grilles symétriques par rapport à un plan axial parallèle à la direction Y et rassemblant les corps nettoyants vers une trémie centrale, caractérisé en ce que cette trémie est composée d'une série de trémies élémentaires juxtaposées côte à côte selon la direction Y, et en ce que l'ensemble des pontets (9) relatifs à ces différentes trémies élémentaires sont constitués par le fond ajouré plat d'un même profilé en U (14) ouvert vers l'amont.11. Separator according to claim 11, for which the first stage comprises two grids symmetrical with respect to an axial plane parallel to the direction Y and gathering the cleaning bodies towards a central hopper, characterized in that this hopper is composed of a series of elementary hoppers juxtaposed side by side in the direction Y, and in that all of the bridges (9) relating to these various elementary hoppers are constituted by the flat perforated bottom of the same U-shaped profile (14) open towards the 'upstream. 12. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice amont du collecteur débouche juste en aval du pontet (9).12. Separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upstream orifice of the collector opens just downstream of the trigger guard (9).
EP83401008A 1982-06-09 1983-05-20 Devices for separating cleaning bodies in pipe heat exchangers from their carrying fluids Expired EP0096607B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83401008T ATE12141T1 (en) 1982-06-09 1983-05-20 DEVICE IN TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER TO SEPARATE THE CLEANING BODIES FROM THEIR CARRIER FLUID.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8210055 1982-06-09
FR8210055A FR2528331A1 (en) 1982-06-09 1982-06-09 IMPROVEMENTS IN DEVICES FOR SEPARATING FLUIDS THAT CARRY THEM, THE CLEANING BODIES OF TUBE EXCHANGERS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096607A1 true EP0096607A1 (en) 1983-12-21
EP0096607B1 EP0096607B1 (en) 1985-03-13

Family

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EP83401008A Expired EP0096607B1 (en) 1982-06-09 1983-05-20 Devices for separating cleaning bodies in pipe heat exchangers from their carrying fluids

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US4523634A (en)
EP (1) EP0096607B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59131894A (en)
KR (1) KR890000151B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE12141T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1197792A (en)
DE (1) DE3360073D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8402518A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2528331A1 (en)

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DE3406982C1 (en) * 1984-02-25 1985-08-01 Taprogge GmbH, 5802 Wetter Lock for cleaning bodies
DE3622396C2 (en) * 1986-07-03 1994-11-24 Taprogge Gmbh Device for separating cleaning bodies from a cooling liquid
US5010950A (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-04-30 Water Services Of America, Inc. Ball strainer for circulating ball cleaning system
US5473787A (en) * 1994-06-21 1995-12-12 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for cleaning tubes of heat exchangers
FR2815548B1 (en) * 2000-10-25 2003-08-15 Technos Et Cie SEPARATION GRID FOR SEPARATING CLEANING BODIES FROM A FLUID AND DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A GRID
DE112014002507B4 (en) * 2013-05-22 2025-10-02 C.Q.M. Ltd. Blocking elements for ball catcher screens
KR101687879B1 (en) 2014-12-24 2016-12-19 두산중공업 주식회사 Cleaning ball separate device

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FR2345690A1 (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-10-21 Taprogge Reinigungsanlagen DEVICE FOR SEPARATING AND DISCHARGING CLEANING ELEMENTS CIRCULATING WITH A FLUID CURRENT
EP0021007A2 (en) * 1979-06-11 1981-01-07 Josef Koller Device for separating cleaning bodies

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FR2345690A1 (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-10-21 Taprogge Reinigungsanlagen DEVICE FOR SEPARATING AND DISCHARGING CLEANING ELEMENTS CIRCULATING WITH A FLUID CURRENT
EP0021007A2 (en) * 1979-06-11 1981-01-07 Josef Koller Device for separating cleaning bodies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2528331B1 (en) 1985-01-11
ATE12141T1 (en) 1985-03-15
JPS59131894A (en) 1984-07-28
KR840005358A (en) 1984-11-12
ES522729A0 (en) 1984-03-01
ES8402518A1 (en) 1984-03-01
JPH0214633B2 (en) 1990-04-09
CA1197792A (en) 1985-12-10
EP0096607B1 (en) 1985-03-13
DE3360073D1 (en) 1985-04-18
KR890000151B1 (en) 1989-03-08
FR2528331A1 (en) 1983-12-16
US4523634A (en) 1985-06-18

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