EP0090881B1 - Tie to hold an electrical cable in the upper groove of a rigid insulator - Google Patents
Tie to hold an electrical cable in the upper groove of a rigid insulator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0090881B1 EP0090881B1 EP82106988A EP82106988A EP0090881B1 EP 0090881 B1 EP0090881 B1 EP 0090881B1 EP 82106988 A EP82106988 A EP 82106988A EP 82106988 A EP82106988 A EP 82106988A EP 0090881 B1 EP0090881 B1 EP 0090881B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- tie
- insulator
- ring
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/20—Pin insulators
- H01B17/22—Fastening of conductors to insulator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/44—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof
- Y10T24/44239—Encircling gripping member including semirigid band and operator for tightening
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/44—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof
- Y10T24/44966—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof having gripping member shifted by operator
- Y10T24/44974—Threaded cylindrical rod and mating cavity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ligature for retaining an electric cable in the upper groove of a rigid insulator which also has a circumferential groove, this ligature comprising two branches substantially symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry of the orthogonal insulator to said cable, each branch having its first end in the form of a spiral attachment on said cable and its second end in the form of a loop maintained in the circumferential groove by a clamping means disposed in the circumferential groove.
- Such a ligature is known, for example from document US-A 2421 286.
- the tightening means according to this document is a wire which is threaded in the loops of the two branches and which surrounds the circumferential groove. The ends of this wire are twisted on themselves.
- Such a ligature is not of simple use. In fact, threading the tightening wire through the eyelets or loops of the two branches is a delicate operation on the site. In addition, this clamping wire can only be used once. It would therefore be useful to be able to have a reusable tightening means which does not require, during installation, to be threaded through eyelets of the branches.
- Document FR-E 41 450 discloses a ligature for retaining an electric cable in the circumferential groove of an insulator comprising a retaining wire, which surrounds at least twice the cable to be retained as well as the circumferential groove of the insulator.
- the ends of this retaining wire have eyelets through which a tightening bolt passes. This retaining wire is therefore stretched by the bolt.
- this ligature is not suitable for placing a cable in an upper groove of an insulator.
- it is not easy to use when you want to replace the insulator head. It is not possible to perform this operation without damaging the ligature. Indeed, as soon as you undo the turns of the ligature, you deform it irreversibly.
- the invention therefore aims to provide a ligature for laying a cable in the upper groove of an insulator facilitating the laying of the cable and simplifying the exchange operations of an insulator.
- the ligature is made of spring wire, preferably stainless steel or alumoweld, and consists of two branches 5 terminated at one end by a loop 6 and at the other by a spiral part 7.
- a first ring 8 curved in half -circle is arranged in the lateral groove of the insulator, its ends being substantially diametrically opposite.
- a second ring 9 of elongated shape is arranged in the upper groove.
- Each branch 5 crosses a loop of the ring 8 and the loop of the corresponding ring 9.
- the rings can be formed by folding a metal wire, and at each end there is a superposition of at least one fold in a hairpin and an open turn.
- Figure 3 illustrates such a ring.
- the metal wire constituting the ring forms a fold 22,23 in a hairpin which is superimposed with an open turn 24, 25.
- the change of direction of the cable fastening is therefore done by resting on two sections ring wire, which reduces the risk of damage to the ligation.
- the two end parts 26, 27 of the wire forming the ring are slightly bent so as to lie substantially in the same plane towards the "inside" of the ring, so that the end points 28, 29 do not injure or the cable, nor the insulator glass.
- the wire used to constitute the ring can be alumoweld (aluminum + steel), or stainless steel, or Almelec.
- each branch of the ligature can be formed by a wire of the same kind folded in the middle so as to form the loop 6. After this, the two metal wires can be joined, thus forming a ribbon which is spiraled around cable 10.
- the clamping means for holding the loops in the lateral groove of the insulator comprises a rod 2 threaded at its ends and nuts 11.
- this threaded rod can carry at least one elastomer part advantageously supported in the bottom of the lateral groove of the insulator.
- the cable 10 comes on the ring 9, the parts spiral 7 of the branches 5 are wound around the cable; the nuts 11 are tightened, which has the effect of blocking in the lateral groove the part of the ligature located between the rod 2 and the ring 8, and simultaneously applying the ring 9 against the upper groove of the insulator and to hold the cable 10 against this ring 9.
Landscapes
- Insulators (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
- Patch Boards (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
- Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne une ligature pour la retenue d'un câble électrique dans la gorge supérieure d'un isolateur rigide qui présente en outre une gorge circonférentielle, cette ligature comportant deux branches sensiblement symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie de l'isolateur orthogonal audit câble, chaque branche présentant sa première extrémité sous la forme d'une attache spiralée sur ledit câble et sa seconde extrémité sous la forme d'une boucle maintenue dans la gorge circonférentielle par un moyen de serrage disposé dans la gorge circonférentielle.The invention relates to a ligature for retaining an electric cable in the upper groove of a rigid insulator which also has a circumferential groove, this ligature comprising two branches substantially symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry of the orthogonal insulator to said cable, each branch having its first end in the form of a spiral attachment on said cable and its second end in the form of a loop maintained in the circumferential groove by a clamping means disposed in the circumferential groove.
Une telle ligature est connue, par exemple à partir du document US-A 2421 286. Le moyen de serrage selon ce document est un fil qui est enfilé dans les boucles des deux branches et qui entoure la gorge circonférentielle. Les extrémités de ce fil sont retordues sur elles-mêmes.Such a ligature is known, for example from document US-A 2421 286. The tightening means according to this document is a wire which is threaded in the loops of the two branches and which surrounds the circumferential groove. The ends of this wire are twisted on themselves.
Une telle ligature n'est pas d'une utilisation simple. En effet, enfiler le fil de serrage dans les oeillets ou boucles des deux branches constitue une opération délicate sur le chantier. En outre, ce fil de serrage ne peut être employé qu'une seule fois. Il serait donc utile de pouvoir disposer d'un moyen de serrage réutilisable ne nécessitant pas, lors de la pose, d'être enfilé dans des oeillets des branches.Such a ligature is not of simple use. In fact, threading the tightening wire through the eyelets or loops of the two branches is a delicate operation on the site. In addition, this clamping wire can only be used once. It would therefore be useful to be able to have a reusable tightening means which does not require, during installation, to be threaded through eyelets of the branches.
Par le document FR-E 41 450, on connaît une ligature pour la retenue d'un câble électrique dans la gorge circonférentielle d'un isolateur comportant un fil de retenue, qui entoure au moins deux fois le câble à retenir ainsi que la gorge circonférentielle de l'isolateur. Les extrémités de ce fil de retenue comportent des oeillets par lesquels passe un boulon de serrage. Ce fil de retenue est donc tendu par le boulon.Document FR-E 41 450 discloses a ligature for retaining an electric cable in the circumferential groove of an insulator comprising a retaining wire, which surrounds at least twice the cable to be retained as well as the circumferential groove of the insulator. The ends of this retaining wire have eyelets through which a tightening bolt passes. This retaining wire is therefore stretched by the bolt.
Il est à noter que cette ligature n'est pas adaptée à la mise en place d'un câble dans une gorge supérieure d'un isolateur. En outre, elle n'est pas d'une utilisation simple lorsqu'on souhaite remplacer la tête de l'isolateur. Il n'est pas possible d'effectuer cette opération sans abimer la ligature. En effet, dès que l'on défait les spires de la ligature, on la déforme de manière irréversible.It should be noted that this ligature is not suitable for placing a cable in an upper groove of an insulator. In addition, it is not easy to use when you want to replace the insulator head. It is not possible to perform this operation without damaging the ligature. Indeed, as soon as you undo the turns of the ligature, you deform it irreversibly.
Lors de la pose d'un câble dans la gorge de l'isolateur, il faut donc enrouler le fil de retenue autour du câble et autour de l'isolateur. Cela constitue, comme dans le cas précédent, une opération délicate sur le chantier. L'invention a donc pour but de proposer une ligature pour la pose d'un câble dans la gorge supérieure d'un isolateur facilitant la pose du câble et simplifiant les opérations d'échange d'un isolateur.When laying a cable in the groove of the insulator, it is therefore necessary to wrap the retaining wire around the cable and around the insulator. This constitutes, as in the previous case, a delicate operation on the site. The invention therefore aims to provide a ligature for laying a cable in the upper groove of an insulator facilitating the laying of the cable and simplifying the exchange operations of an insulator.
Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par la ligature telle qu'elle est spécifiée dans la revendication 1. En ce qui concerne des réalisations préférées de cette ligature, référence est faite aux sous- revendications.This object is achieved according to the invention by the ligation as specified in claim 1. With regard to preferred embodiments of this ligation, reference is made to the subclaims.
L'invention sera décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide d'un exemple de réalisation en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels
- - la fig. 1 montre schématiquement en perspective un isolateur muni d'une ligature selon l'invention, portant un câble dans sa gorge supérieure,
- - la fig. 2 est une vue de dessus très schématique de la ligature de la fig. 1, l'isolateur n'étant pas représenté, le câble ayant été coupé dans la partie centrale pour une meilleure compréhension du dessin,
- - la fig. 3 montre plus en détail un anneau faisant partie de la ligature selon l'invention.
- - fig. 1 schematically shows in perspective an isolator provided with a ligature according to the invention, carrying a cable in its upper groove,
- - fig. 2 is a very schematic top view of the ligature of FIG. 1, the insulator not being shown, the cable having been cut in the central part for a better understanding of the drawing,
- - fig. 3 shows in more detail a ring forming part of the ligature according to the invention.
La ligature est en fil formant ressort, préférentiellement en acier inoxydable ou en alumoweld, et se compose de deux branches 5 terminées à une extrémité par une boucle 6 et à l'autre par une partie en spirale 7. Un premier anneau 8 incurvé en demi-cercle est disposé dans la gorge latérale de l'isolateur, ses extrémités étant sensiblement diamétralement opposées. Un deuxième anneau 9 de forme allongée est disposé dans la gorge supérieure. Chaque branche 5 traverse une boucle de l'anneau 8 et la boucle de l'anneau 9 correspondante.The ligature is made of spring wire, preferably stainless steel or alumoweld, and consists of two
Les anneaux peuvent être constitués par repli d'un fil métallique, et à chaque extrémité il y a superposition d'au moins un repli en épingle à cheveu et d'une spire ouverte.The rings can be formed by folding a metal wire, and at each end there is a superposition of at least one fold in a hairpin and an open turn.
La figure 3 illustre un tel anneau.Figure 3 illustrates such a ring.
A chaque extrémité le fil métallique constituant l'anneau forme un repli 22,23 en épingle à cheveu qui est superposé avec une spire ouverte 24, 25. Le changement de direction de l'attache du câble se fait donc en prenant appui sur deux sections du fil de l'anneau, ce qui diminue le risque d'endommagement de la ligature.At each end the metal wire constituting the ring forms a
En outre les deux parties extrêmes 26, 27 du fil formant l'anneau sont légèrement cintrées de manière à se trouver sensiblement dans un même plan vers «l'intérieur» de l'anneau, pour que les pointes extrêmes 28, 29 ne blessent ni le câble, ni le verre de l'isolateur. Le fil utilisé pour constituer l'anneau peut être de l'alumoweld (aluminium+acier), ou de l'acier inoxydable, ou de l'Almelec.In addition, the two
De même, chaque branche de la ligature peut être constituée par un fil de même nature replié en son milieu de manière à former la boucle 6. Après celle-ci, les deux fils métalliques peuvent être solidarisés, formant ainsi un ruban qui est spiralé autour du câble 10.Similarly, each branch of the ligature can be formed by a wire of the same kind folded in the middle so as to form the loop 6. After this, the two metal wires can be joined, thus forming a ribbon which is spiraled around
Ainsi que représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le moyen de serrage destiné à maintenir les boucles dans la gorge latérale de l'isolateur comprend une tige 2 filetée à ses extrémités et des écrous 11. Eventuellement, cette tige filetée peut porter au moins une pièce en élastomère prenant avantageusement appui dans le fond de la gorge latérale de l'isolateur.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the clamping means for holding the loops in the lateral groove of the insulator comprises a
On pourrait également utiliser dans un but d'économie plusieurs rondelles présentant des diamètres différents de manière à épouser sensiblement le fond de la gorge latérale.One could also use, for the purpose of economy, several washers having different diameters so as to substantially match the bottom of the lateral groove.
Pour la mise en oeuvre du dispositif conforme à l'invention, on place celui-ci desserré sur l'isolateur, le câble 10 vient sur l'anneau 9, les parties spiralées 7 des branches 5 sont enroulées autour du câble; on serre les écrous 11, ce qui a pour effet de bloquer dans la gorge latérale la partie de la ligature située entre la tige 2 et l'anneau 8, et simultanément d'appliquer l'anneau 9 contre la gorge supérieure de l'isolateur et de maintenir le câble 10 contre cet anneau 9.For the implementation of the device according to the invention, place it loose on the insulator, the
L'invention présente en particulier les avantages suivants:
- Le dispositif, empêche les déplacements oscillatoires relatifs du câble et de la ligature par rapport au diélectrique et évite donc son usure ainsi que celle du câble et de la ligature.
- The device prevents relative oscillatory movements of the cable and the ligature with respect to the dielectric and therefore prevents its wear as well as that of the cable and the ligature.
Il permet d'avoir même moyen de serrage pour la disposition du câble 10 soit dans la gorge latérale, soit dans la gorge supérieure.It makes it possible to have the same clamping means for the arrangement of the
Il assure une meilleure retenue résiduelle du câble sur l'isolateur en cas de fragmentation de sa tête.It ensures better residual retention of the cable on the insulator in the event of fragmentation of its head.
En supprimant le jeu entre ligature et diélectrique, il donne de meilleures performances à l'égard des perturbations radiophoniques.By eliminating the play between ligature and dielectric, it gives better performances with regard to radio disturbances.
On peut remplacer un isolateur sans avoir à dégager la ligature du câble et donc sans avoir à refaire le réglage de la ligne et cette opération est possible sous tension.You can replace an isolator without having to release the cable tie and therefore without having to redo the line adjustment and this operation is possible under voltage.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT82106988T ATE22746T1 (en) | 1982-04-06 | 1982-08-03 | BINDING FOR HOLDING AN ELECTRICAL WIRE IN THE TOP GROOVE OF A RIGID INSULATOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8205930A FR2524693A1 (en) | 1982-04-06 | 1982-04-06 | LIGATURE FOR THE RETENTION OF AN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR IN THE SUPERIOR THROAT OF A RIGID ISOLATOR |
| FR8205930 | 1982-04-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0090881A1 EP0090881A1 (en) | 1983-10-12 |
| EP0090881B1 true EP0090881B1 (en) | 1986-10-08 |
Family
ID=9272788
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82106988A Expired EP0090881B1 (en) | 1982-04-06 | 1982-08-03 | Tie to hold an electrical cable in the upper groove of a rigid insulator |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4409433A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0090881B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE22746T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8204570A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1176722A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3273682D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES273691Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2524693A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX152047A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO159468C (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA825624B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4741097A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1988-05-03 | Preformed Line Products | Line tie assembly and method |
| US7674982B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2010-03-09 | Bmc Innovation Inc. | Electric cable and insulator self-locking system, and method of installation thereof |
| USD894125S1 (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-08-25 | Electrical Materials Company | Insulator pin for overhead electrical lines |
| US11004579B2 (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2021-05-11 | Electrical Materials Company | Breakaway pin for overhead electrical lines |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US996211A (en) * | 1911-02-25 | 1911-06-27 | David Carswell | Fence-post clamp. |
| CH92818A (en) * | 1921-02-17 | 1922-03-16 | Sohn Ferdinand Walser | Device for fastening the conductor wire to the insulator of the conductor carrier of electrical lines. |
| FR701473A (en) * | 1930-08-30 | 1931-03-17 | Fastening clips for electrical conductors of all diameters on insulators of any type | |
| FR41450E (en) * | 1932-03-01 | 1933-01-10 | Fastening clips for electrical conductors of all diameters on insulators of any type | |
| US2421286A (en) * | 1945-03-24 | 1947-05-27 | Copperweld Steel Co | Insulator tie for line conductors |
| US2643283A (en) * | 1948-02-17 | 1953-06-23 | Harold S Sines | Insulator tie |
| US2911695A (en) * | 1956-06-21 | 1959-11-10 | United States Steel Corp | Tie for fastening a line wire to an insulator |
| US2897256A (en) * | 1956-07-31 | 1959-07-28 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company I | Line wire support |
| FR1313890A (en) * | 1961-11-20 | 1963-01-04 | Electro-mechanical fastener for overhead power lines | |
| US3918685A (en) * | 1972-06-02 | 1975-11-11 | Lindsay Mfg Co | Convertible conductor stringing assembly for power line use |
| FR2393450A1 (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1978-12-29 | Saae | HV insulator attachment system for power cable - uses simple spiral with twist resisting strip and grooved insulator body |
| FR2493585A1 (en) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-05-07 | Ceraver | PREFORMED LIGATURE FOR THE RETENTION OF A DRIVER IN THE THROAT OF A RIGID ISOLATOR |
-
1982
- 1982-04-06 FR FR8205930A patent/FR2524693A1/en active Granted
- 1982-07-21 US US06/400,370 patent/US4409433A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-08-03 NO NO822652A patent/NO159468C/en unknown
- 1982-08-03 EP EP82106988A patent/EP0090881B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-03 DE DE8282106988T patent/DE3273682D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-03 AT AT82106988T patent/ATE22746T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-08-04 ES ES1982273691U patent/ES273691Y/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-04 ZA ZA825624A patent/ZA825624B/en unknown
- 1982-08-04 MX MX193890A patent/MX152047A/en unknown
- 1982-08-04 CA CA000408666A patent/CA1176722A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-04 BR BR8204570A patent/BR8204570A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO159468B (en) | 1988-09-19 |
| CA1176722A (en) | 1984-10-23 |
| ZA825624B (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| DE3273682D1 (en) | 1986-11-13 |
| ES273691U (en) | 1983-12-01 |
| EP0090881A1 (en) | 1983-10-12 |
| ATE22746T1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| US4409433A (en) | 1983-10-11 |
| FR2524693B1 (en) | 1984-09-21 |
| ES273691Y (en) | 1984-07-16 |
| BR8204570A (en) | 1984-01-10 |
| FR2524693A1 (en) | 1983-10-07 |
| NO822652L (en) | 1983-10-07 |
| MX152047A (en) | 1985-05-24 |
| NO159468C (en) | 1989-01-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19840412 |
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| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
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