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EP0089975A1 - Renforcement de materiaux plastiques avec du jute - Google Patents

Renforcement de materiaux plastiques avec du jute

Info

Publication number
EP0089975A1
EP0089975A1 EP82902824A EP82902824A EP0089975A1 EP 0089975 A1 EP0089975 A1 EP 0089975A1 EP 82902824 A EP82902824 A EP 82902824A EP 82902824 A EP82902824 A EP 82902824A EP 0089975 A1 EP0089975 A1 EP 0089975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
fibres
jute
reinforcement
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82902824A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henry Wells
David Mcallister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tay Textiles Ltd
Original Assignee
Tay Textiles Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB08212323A external-priority patent/GB2102037B/en
Application filed by Tay Textiles Ltd filed Critical Tay Textiles Ltd
Publication of EP0089975A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089975A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/413—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing granules other than absorbent substances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/68—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the reinforcement of plastics materials with jute.
  • the reinforcement of plastics with fibres has been known for many years. Reinforced polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxy or phenolic resins are widely used, with methods of manufacture including moulding and pultrusion.
  • One method of reinforcement involves the use of a chemically bound, non-woven mat of fibres. Suitable binding agents can be PVA, EVA, or Polyester adhesives.
  • jute fibres could be used in such a mat. It has. however been stated that the natural springiness of the jute fibre prevents adequate compacting of the reinforcement and results in brittle, resin-rich products with a resin: fibre ratio of 5 to 1 or more. This is a particular problem with contact moulding under low pressure, e.g. hand lay-up. Doubts have also been expressed on the strength figures which can be obtained. As a result, commercial applications for jute as reinforcement have been limited and generally restricted to the use.of woven jute cloths.
  • a product for the reinforcement of plastics comprising a non woven array of chopped jute fibres, having a length of 10 cm or less, held together by a binding agent.
  • the chopped fibre length is less than 5 cm, and a preferred range for practical purposes may be 1 to 3cm. It has, however been found that very short fibre lengths may be advantageous, and depending on the applications, lengths of a fraction of a millimetre might be employed. The practical limit though may be about 0.5 mm.
  • the aspect ratio of fibres used for reinforcement can affect the strength properties. Since however jute fibres are of relatively small diameter, it is possible to chop to fairly short lengths whilst still retaining an adequate aspect ratio.
  • the binding agent may for example be aqueous starch solution, PVA, EVA or Polyester adhesives, the choice depending inter-alia on the compatibility of the adhesive with subsequent processing steps.
  • the degree of binding should be such that the fibres are held together in a reasonably coherent fashion, to prevent the array pulling apart to an undesirable extent during subsequent processing steps.
  • the degree of binding and quantity of agent used should not be such that the array becomes too rigid and unmanageable.
  • the array be flexible and capable of being wound on drums and such like, and of course be capable of deformation during subsequent moulding techniques.
  • the array of fibres will generally be in the form of a mat, strip or tape, although it could for example be in the form of a tube. Generally speaking, the array will be several fibres thick.
  • the invention provides a method of producing a product for the reinforcement of plastics wherein non-woven jute fibres having a length of 10 cm or less are formed into an array and treated with a binding agent to hold the fibres together whilst maintaining the array flexible.
  • the binding agent can be applied to both, or to one side only of e.g. a mat, strip, or tape of fibres. Leaving one side unaffected by binding agent may be desirable for certain further processing stages.
  • the application of binding agent can be by means of a spray, by saturation whilst passing between a pair of belts or rollers, by suction application, by bath impregnation or by any other suitable method.
  • the array may if desired be dried by means of e.g. infra red heaters.
  • the use of belts or rollers to compress the array, whether whilst applying the binding agent or afterwards, before it has set, has particular advantages.
  • the array may be wound onto drums or the like for storage, or may be used immediately in the production of a- reinforced plastics article.
  • the fibres could be aligned, i.e. parallel to each other. It is however felt that, particularly in view of the short fibre length to be used, the invention may be more advantageously applicable in the case of non-aligned fibres. Whilst aligned fibres could be provided by a conventional jute drawing frame with a carding arrangement, non-aligned fibres may be made into a suitable array by means of a a random web forming machine. Both types of machine are well known, as are suitable machines for chopping fibres. Various additions may be made to products in accordance with the invention to modify or improve their properties. Thus various mixtures of fibres may be used if desired, whether aligned or non aligned. Thus glass fibres would increase strength (although cost as well), and carbon fibres would also increase conductivity if required.
  • inorganic reinforcement filler materials to mats of jute fibres will have several advantages. Such inorganic materials can be deposited and fixed on those areas of the resultant bonded mat where their use will improve the mechanical and physical properties. The deposition of inorganic material of higher stiffness than the fibres, even if only on the surface of the mat, will improve the stiffness of the mat to a significant degree and provide improved mechanical properties in the tensile and compressive areas of the mat.
  • a particularly advantageous additive has been found to be mica.
  • Mica has a high stiffness, with its Modulus E being 25 x 10° psi, compared to 10 x 10 psi for glass and 7-8x10° psi for jute.
  • the mica can be deposited in the form of powder or small flakes and easily bonded to the mat.
  • the mica is plate like its properties are not directional. It is also very water and chemically resistant and it is anticipated that there will be significant improvements in these properties of laminates formed from such composite materials.
  • a particularly advantageous product comprises a mat of random jute fibres with mica plates, and a binding agent such as P.V.A.
  • An additive which could be used in any of the above products is chalk or another, hygroscopic material, in the form e.g. of powder, which will reduce the water absorption of the fibres.
  • Other additives could react chemically to reduce the water absorption, e.g. alums.
  • additional reinforcement materials such as mica at the stage of manufacturing the mat or the like has a distinct advantage over adding such materials, separately to the resin to be reinforced.
  • the web then passed through a pair of relatively high squeeze nip rollers, working up to e.g. 100 psi, to remove excess solution and compress the web. It was then dried under infra red elements before being wound onto a drum.
  • the resultant mat was found to be flexible yet coherent and resistant to being pulled apart, as well as being reasonably stiff. It was found to give satisfactory results in the reinforcement of plastics articles, giving reasonable strength and stiffness at lower cost and with less weight than using e.g. glass fibres.
  • the web passed over a support in the form of an endless metal mesh belt passing over rollers. Foamed adhesive was sucked through the web from below the support belt by a suitable suction attachment.
  • mica particles such as:- 1. Mica flake - 2 mesh to 4 mesh
  • All four types can be applied by the scattering technique described.
  • a different technique can be used.
  • the mica can be incorporated in the adhesive to be foamed and the scattering arrangement can be omitted.
  • the products in accordance with the invention show particular improvements over known jute and similar products in the field of low pressure contact moulding, e.g. using hand lay up.
  • samples were, prepared of a polyester resin test piece reinforced by various types of fibre mat.
  • the test pieces measured- inch thick by 1 inch wide by 3 inches long and were made in accordance with a Fabrication Technique similar to BS 3496/1973.
  • the pieces were cured for 24 hours at room temperature and 2 hours at 100°C. They were then tested using test ASTM.D790 and the results were as follows:- Mat 'construction % fibres in Mean flexual Mean composite by strength flexural weight (Psi x 10 3 ) modulus (psi x 10 6 )

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Un produit de jute pour le renforcement de matériaux plastiques consiste en des fibres de jute coupées non tissées d'une longueur maximum de 10 cm, de préférence 1-2 cm, maintenues ensemble avec un agent de liaison tel qu'un adhésif PVA. Le produit se présente de préférence sous la forme d'une natte flexible de fibres orientées au hasard. Pendant la fabrication, la natte est soumise à une compression, par exemple entre des rouleaux, avant la prise de l'agent de liaison.
EP82902824A 1981-10-05 1982-10-01 Renforcement de materiaux plastiques avec du jute Withdrawn EP0089975A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8129994 1981-10-05
GB8129994 1981-10-05
GB08212323A GB2102037B (en) 1981-04-28 1982-04-28 Jute reinforcement of plastics materials
GB8212323 1982-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0089975A1 true EP0089975A1 (fr) 1983-10-05

Family

ID=26280895

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82902824A Withdrawn EP0089975A1 (fr) 1981-10-05 1982-10-01 Renforcement de materiaux plastiques avec du jute

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0089975A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU8910082A (fr)
WO (1) WO1983001260A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4139226A1 (de) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-11 Pelz Ernst Empe Werke Faserverbundmaterial auf der basis von naturfaservliesen sowie verfahren zu dessen kontinuierlicher herstellung und weiterverarbeitung zu pressformteilen
FR2996904B1 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2014-11-21 Saint Gobain Isover Produit isolant
GB201402486D0 (en) * 2014-02-12 2014-03-26 Global Display Projects Ltd Novel Material

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2681866A (en) * 1951-03-09 1954-06-22 Alexander J Auchterlonie Resin coated fibrous mass and method for producing same
FR1394749A (fr) * 1963-10-17 1965-04-09 Composition et procédé pour le moulage de pièces contournées et produits conformes à ceux ainsi obtenus
DE2251028A1 (de) * 1971-10-20 1973-04-26 Unilever Nv Verfahren zur herstellung von nichtgewebten produkten
GB1402733A (en) * 1972-11-14 1975-08-13 Nitto Boseki Co Ltd Process for producing shaped articles of fibre reinforced plastics
ZA775567B (en) * 1976-09-23 1978-10-25 Rohm & Haas Non-woven fabrics
US4291087A (en) * 1979-06-12 1981-09-22 Rohm And Haas Company Non-woven fabrics bonded by radiation-curable, hazard-free binders

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8301260A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1983001260A1 (fr) 1983-04-14
AU8910082A (en) 1983-04-27

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19831215

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: WELLS, HENRY

Inventor name: MCALLISTER, DAVID