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EP0089702A1 - Method of guiding a track-positioning device, and apparatus for that purpose - Google Patents

Method of guiding a track-positioning device, and apparatus for that purpose Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089702A1
EP0089702A1 EP83200270A EP83200270A EP0089702A1 EP 0089702 A1 EP0089702 A1 EP 0089702A1 EP 83200270 A EP83200270 A EP 83200270A EP 83200270 A EP83200270 A EP 83200270A EP 0089702 A1 EP0089702 A1 EP 0089702A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
track
point
machine
curvature
equivalent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83200270A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0089702B1 (en
Inventor
Ivo Cicin-Sain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Original Assignee
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Canron Inc Sucursale Crissier
Canron Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Matisa Materiel Industriel SA, Canron Inc Sucursale Crissier, Canron Inc filed Critical Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Priority to AT83200270T priority Critical patent/ATE16295T1/en
Publication of EP0089702A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089702A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0089702B1 publication Critical patent/EP0089702B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/16—Guiding or measuring means, e.g. for alignment, canting, stepwise propagation

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a method for guiding a rail track positioning device fitted to a machine for renewing or maintaining a rail track with respect to a reference base secured to the machine and a machine for the implementation of the process.
  • the new track or the track after the maintenance When renewing or carrying out maintenance work on a railway track such as cleaning up the ballast, the new track or the track after the maintenance must be placed in the position it occupied before this work or possibly moved by compared to the old position to take account of a displacement in certain places of the track compared to the initial layout caused by a subsidence of the ground or a similar reason.
  • the rails are subjected to forces which cause geometric deformations of the track.
  • These operations are carried out by one or more site machines specially equipped.
  • the dressing work cannot always be carried out immediately after the ballast has been cleaned up due to differences in speed of construction machines and the requirements of rail traffic, especially if it is a single track, it the track must be laid after the remediation of the ballast in a desired position either in the position before the remediation or in a position slightly offset from the old position.
  • the device to achieve this goal must be integrated into the renewal or maintenance machine respecting the template.
  • the methods usually used for dressing a railroad use a reference base composed of three distinct points two on the already erected track and one on the track to be erected as described in patent FR-1,429,056. According to this latter method, the deflection of the point located on the arc of the section of track erected with respect to the rope determined by the two points furthest from each other is measured and the value of the arrow of a second point located on the section of track to be erected and the track is blown at this second point until the value of the arrow measured at this point takes the desired and determined value.
  • the devices for implementing the method described in patent FR 1 429 056 use the geometry theorem known as the "power of a point with respect to a circle". Indeed the power of a point compared to a circle is equal to the product of segments delimited by this point and the points of intersection with the circle of any secant passing through this point. The point can be both inside and outside the circle.
  • the point in question is materialized by a pivot through which pass two lines based respectively on the two reference points. The materialization of these straight lines is carried out in a first execution by two rods forming scissors, the pivot being inside the arc, the length of two rods being determined so that their four ends must rest on the 'arc of the track so that the arc is correctly erected.
  • One rod rests on the end of the arc not yet erected and on an intermediate point already erected while the second rests on the second end of the arc already erected the other end indicating the correct position of a fourth point of the arc which is brought to this position by shifting.
  • Another device described in patent FR 1 429 056, similar to the previous one, uses two straight segments intersecting on the outside of the arc at a pivot point, one resting on the erect end of the arc and passing through a second point already erected while the second rests at the end of the un-erected arc and an intermediate point of this straight line indicates the position which must occupy the point to be erected.
  • the invention overcomes these difficulties and provides a method for copying the existing track before its renewal or maintenance which on one side is sufficient for a temporary dressing and on the other side allows to speed up the process of final dressage especially if the previous course of the track does not require a correction.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by claim 1.
  • the reference base depending exclusively on the old track, we have the assurance that the track will not be moved from its old position unless we want a displacement relative to this position to compensate for a displacement relative to the initial accidentally occurring trace, this displacement being obtained by introducing a factor into the function giving the direction of the straight line passing through the rear end of the rope secured to the machine.
  • the implementation of the method is facilitated because the reference base and the positioning device are located in different places and there is no problem to solve as regards their arrangement on the renewal machine or 'interview.
  • the positioning of the point after the renewal or the maintenance of the track can be done in two ways either one records the curvature of the section of the old track and after its renewal or its maintenance one positions a point of this section using the value recorded so that the point occupies its old position, or when measuring the curvature of a section of the old track, this value is used to position a point located on the part of the track that has undergone renewal or l 'maintenance if the section of the track comprising the point and the section of the old track has a constant curvature or if the said section has a variable curvature a value depends on the curvature measured and a factor taking into account the variation curvature.
  • This is the second variant which we will describe below.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for implementing the method.
  • AFBC is an arc representing the middle of the track or an equivalent rail or arc at constant distance and determined of the way.
  • a and B are two points of this arc located or corresponding to the section of the old track.
  • Point P is the point where the track is processed and which causes the geometric deformation of the track.
  • the PC arc is shown exaggeratedly deformed and represents the actual position of the channel after the treatment (maintenance or renewal) while the PC arc in dotted lines is the desired position of the channel.
  • the points of the arc extending after point C have already been positioned.
  • the distance AB a is constant and determined, F is the midpoint of the arc AB but it could as well be another intermediate point.
  • the distance between points B and C is equal to b which is a constant and determined value.
  • the screen stripper is made up of a tractor vehicle 1 running on track 2 to be cleaned and a second vehicle 3 running on the cleaned track.
  • the towing vehicle 1 supports transporters 4,5 for the evacuation of litter and a screener 6 for the purification of the ballast brought by the transporters 7,8 and excavated by the stripping device 9.
  • Other transporters 10 and 11 bring the cleaned ballast and distribute it behind the stripper 9 where it will be groomed by a tamping device 12, and behind the groomer to complete the missing ballast.
  • a device not shown lifts the track to facilitate the stripping operation.
  • Behind the purified ballast distribution conveyor 11 is a shifting device 14 for positioning the railway on the sanitized ballast.
  • a rectangular frame 16 is suspended by four jacks 17 from the chassis 18 of the tractor vehicle 1.
  • the frame is composed of four U-shaped sections, the perpendicularity being ensured by brackets 43 fixed to the four corners of the frame.
  • Two track probes 19 and 20 are fixed to the two crosspieces 21, 22 of the frame 16 by ears 23, 24, respectively 25, 26. The position of these two probes 19 and 20 is fixed relative to the frame 16 and they serve to materialize the reference points A and B. More precisely, it is the midpoints A ′ and B ′ of their axes of rotation which are permanently located on the virtual arc 27 of the middle of the railroad track 2 which constitute the reference base.
  • a third track probe 28 is fixed to a spacer 29 of the frame 16 by two ears 30,31.
  • the midpoint F 'of its axis of rotation coincides with the midpoint of the arc A', B '.
  • the probe 28 can move transversely relative to the frame 16 in order to always follow the track of the track.
  • point C ' is the midpoint of the track at the point where the shifting device 14 operates.
  • the distances between points A ', B' and B ', C' are constant and determined.
  • the measurement of the deflection of point F 'in relation to chord A', B ' is the deviation of point F' in relation to line segment A ', B' when the track probes 19,20,28 are in contact with a line of rails of track 2.
  • a spring 32 or 33 ensures contact of the probe 28 with a line of rails.
  • a mechanical multiplier system automatically indicates the position of point E 'or its equivalent is composed of an arm 13 articulated to the probe 28, through pours 29 and a bar 36 parallel to the crossbar 29 by their respective midpoints F ′, 34 and 35.
  • the ends of the bar 36 are articulated respectively at one of the ends of the two arms 37, 38 articulated in turn at two points 39 and 40 of two brackets 41, 42 ensuring the positioning of the cross member 29.
  • the joints 34, 39 and 40 are fixed while the others are mobile.
  • the position of the fixed joints 34, 39 and 40 relative to the arms 13, 37 and 38 is such that at a displacement f 'of the point F' corresponding a displacement y 'of the free ends 44 and 45 of the arms 37 and 38 in accordance with the relation (IV) above.
  • the materialization of the EBC cord being carried out here by a light beam coming from a transmitter 46 occupying the place of point E or its equivalent is received by a receiver 47 occupying the place of point C or its equivalent it is advisable to place these two devices so that the light beam is not likely to be interrupted by an obstacle.
  • the transmitter 46 and the receiver 47 are then placed at a location offset laterally and vertically from the arc A ', B', C ', that is to say that an arc A ", B” is considered, C "equivalent to the arc A ', B', C 'obtained in principle by a homothety and a translation.
  • the point A" is not materialized because it is not of interest, the point B "is materialized by a small vertical slit on a screen 52 intercepting the light beam emitted by the emitter 46 being at point E ", and thus letting through a thin beam of light 48 materializing the cord B", C ".
  • the transmitter 46 occupies at all times, insofar as the feelers 19, 20 and 28 are in contact with the file of rails, the position E "which is at a distance y" from the cord A ", B".
  • the transmitter 46 is supported by a vertical rod 49 (fig. 4) articulated to a horizontal arm 50 pivotally mounted on an axis 51 at the end 45 of the arm 38.
  • the axis 51 is guided at its upper end by a slide 53 sliding on a slide 54 fixed on the cross member 29.
  • the articulations of the rod 49 and of the arm 50 allow the transmitter to be brought back inside the template determined by the frame 16.
  • the perforated screen 52 is fixed in a similar manner to the frame 16 in the extension of the axis of the probe 28.
  • the receiver 47 is composed of several photosensitive elements and it is divided into three vertical zones. If the light beam 48 passing through the screen 52 is picked up by the elements of the middle zone, the point of the path corresponding to point C "is at the desired position, if on the other hand it is picked up by the elements of one of the others zones the track must be moved so that the beam is captured by the elements of the middle zone.
  • the receiver 47 is fixed on the shifting device 14. When the light beam is captured by the elements of one of the external zones of the sensor 47 a signal is sent to a device indicating the direction and the displacement which the track must undergo to occupy the desired position.
  • the device described also serves to control the alignment of the track on the straight line sections, the points E “, B” and C “having to be aligned parallel to the track.
  • the transmitter 46, the receiver 47 and the screen 52 can be installed on one side or the other of the machine. It can be installed on two sides (E “', B”', C “') because they also make it possible to check that the gauge is not. exceeded or not obstructed by a foreign body, in fact if an obstacle interrupts the light beam between the transmitter and the receiver a buzzer sounds and the running of the machine is interrupted.
  • the mechanical multiplier device described can be replaced by a pneumatic or electric hydraulic device.
  • the frame 16 For walking up and down, the frame 16 is retracted under the chassis 18 of the tractor vehicle 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

A guidance system permits of guiding the railroad track positioning device of a track renewal and maintenance machine as the machine moves in the track working direction. To this end the curvature of a track section to be worked upon comprised in a chord of predetermined length is measured and as a function of this curvature the direction of a second chord is measured, one end of this second chord being coincident with the rear end of the section whereas its predetermined and constant length is so selected that its other end lies on the already renewed or maintained track section and shows the position of a point of this section before the renewal or maintenance works.

Description

L'objet de la présente invention est un procédé de guidage d'un dispositif de positionnement de voie ferrée équipant une machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien d'une voie ferrée par rapport à une base de référence solidaire de la machine et une machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.The object of the present invention is a method for guiding a rail track positioning device fitted to a machine for renewing or maintaining a rail track with respect to a reference base secured to the machine and a machine for the implementation of the process.

Lors du renouvellement ou des travaux de l'entretien d'une voie ferrée tel que l'assainissement du ballast il faut poser la nouvelle voie ou la voie après l'entretien à la position qu'elle occupait avant ces travaux ou éventuellement la déplacer par rapport à l'ancienne position pour tenir compte d'un déplacement à certains endroits de la voie par rapport au tracé initial provoqué par un affaissement du terrain ou une raison similaire.When renewing or carrying out maintenance work on a railway track such as cleaning up the ballast, the new track or the track after the maintenance must be placed in the position it occupied before this work or possibly moved by compared to the old position to take account of a displacement in certain places of the track compared to the initial layout caused by a subsidence of the ground or a similar reason.

En soulevant la voie ferrée, par exemple pour le dégarnissage lors des travaux d'assainissement du ballast, on soumet les rails à des forces qui provoquent des déformations géométriques de la voie. Afin que la voie soit dressée correctement il faut procéder au bourrage, au nivellage et au ripage de la voie. Ces opérations sont réalisées par une ou plusieurs machines de chantier spécialement équipées. Néanmoins les travaux de dressage ne pouvant pas toujours s'effectuer immédiatement après l'assainissement du ballast à cause de différences de vitesse de machines de chantier et des impératifs du trafic ferroviaire, surtout s'il s'agit d'une voie unique, il faut que la voie ferrée soit posée après l'assainissement du ballast à une position désirée soit à la position avant l'assainissement soit à une position légèrement décalée par rapport à l'ancienne position.By lifting the track, for example for stripping during ballast remediation work, the rails are subjected to forces which cause geometric deformations of the track. In order for the track to be erected correctly, it is necessary to tamp, level and shift the track. These operations are carried out by one or more site machines specially equipped. However, the dressing work cannot always be carried out immediately after the ballast has been cleaned up due to differences in speed of construction machines and the requirements of rail traffic, especially if it is a single track, it the track must be laid after the remediation of the ballast in a desired position either in the position before the remediation or in a position slightly offset from the old position.

Le dispositif permettant d'atteindre ce but doit être intégré à la machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien respectant le gabarit.The device to achieve this goal must be integrated into the renewal or maintenance machine respecting the template.

Les procédés mis en oeuvre habituellement pour le dressage d'une voie ferrée utilisent une base de référence composée de trois points distincts deux sur la voie déjà dressée et un sur la voie à dresser comme décrit dans le brevet FR-1.429.056. D'après ce dernier procédé on mesure la flèche du point situé sur l'arc de la section de voie dressée par rapport à la corde déterminée par les deux points les plus éloignés l'un de l'autre et on détermine la valeur de la flèche d'un second point situé sur la section de voie à dresser et on fait riper la voie en ce second point jusqu'à ce que la valeur de la flèche mesurée en ce point prenne la valeur voulue et déterminée.The methods usually used for dressing a railroad use a reference base composed of three distinct points two on the already erected track and one on the track to be erected as described in patent FR-1,429,056. According to this latter method, the deflection of the point located on the arc of the section of track erected with respect to the rope determined by the two points furthest from each other is measured and the value of the arrow of a second point located on the section of track to be erected and the track is blown at this second point until the value of the arrow measured at this point takes the desired and determined value.

Les dispositifs de mise en oeuvre du procédé décrit dans le brevet FR 1 429 056 utilisent le théorème de géométrie dit de la "puissance d'un point par rapport à un cercle". En effet la puissance d'un point par rapport à un cercle est égale au produit de segments délimités par ce point et les points d'intersection avec le cercle de toute sécante passant par ce point. Le point peut être aussi bien à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur du cercle. Le point en question est matérialisé par un pivot par lequel passent deux droites s'appuyant respectivement sur les deux points de référence. La matérialisation de ces droites est réalisée dans une première exécution par deux tiges formant des ciseaux, le pivot se trouvant à l'intérieur de l'arc, la longueur de deux tiges étant déterminée de sorte que leurs quatre extrémités doivent s'appuyer sur l'arc de la voie pour que l'arc soit correctement dressé. Une tige s'appuiè sur l'extrémité de l'arc non encore dressé et sur un point intermédiaire déjà dressé tandis que la seconde s'appuie sur la seconde extrémité de l'arc déjà dressé l'autre extrémité indiquant la position correcte d'un quatrième point de l'arc que l'on amène à cette position par ripage.The devices for implementing the method described in patent FR 1 429 056 use the geometry theorem known as the "power of a point with respect to a circle". Indeed the power of a point compared to a circle is equal to the product of segments delimited by this point and the points of intersection with the circle of any secant passing through this point. The point can be both inside and outside the circle. The point in question is materialized by a pivot through which pass two lines based respectively on the two reference points. The materialization of these straight lines is carried out in a first execution by two rods forming scissors, the pivot being inside the arc, the length of two rods being determined so that their four ends must rest on the 'arc of the track so that the arc is correctly erected. One rod rests on the end of the arc not yet erected and on an intermediate point already erected while the second rests on the second end of the arc already erected the other end indicating the correct position of a fourth point of the arc which is brought to this position by shifting.

Un autre dispositif, décrit dans le brevet FR 1 429 056, analogue au précédent utilise deux segments de droite se coupant à l'extérieur de l'arc à un point de pivotement l'un s'appuyant à l'extrémité dressée de l'arc et passant par un second point déjà dressé tandis que le second s'appuie à l'extrémité de l'arc non dressé et un point intermédiaire de cette droite indique la position qui doit occuper le point à dresser.Another device, described in patent FR 1 429 056, similar to the previous one, uses two straight segments intersecting on the outside of the arc at a pivot point, one resting on the erect end of the arc and passing through a second point already erected while the second rests at the end of the un-erected arc and an intermediate point of this straight line indicates the position which must occupy the point to be erected.

Les autres variantes proposées dans le brevet FR 1 429 056 sont analogues à celles déjà décrites, la matérialisation de droites étant réalisée par des cordons, des câbles ou des tiges et les arcs étant soit l'axe de la voie soit les rails soit un arc virtuel à distance déterminée de la voie.The other variants proposed in patent FR 1 429 056 are similar to those already described, the materialization of straight lines being produced by cords, cables or rods and the arcs being either the axis of the track or the rails or an arc virtual at a fixed distance from the track.

Le principal inconvénient du procédé décrit dans le brevet FR 1 429 056 est que l'un des points de la base de référence se trouve sur la partie de la voie à dresser et par conséquent sa position est imprécise ainsi la mesure de la flèche du troisième point de référence et le positionnement du point dressé sont imprécises.The main drawback of the process described in patent FR 1 429 056 is that one of the points of the reference base is on the part of the track to be erected and therefore its position is imprecise, thus measuring the deflection of the third reference point and the positioning of the erected point are imprecise.

Un autre inconvénient de ce procédé est que la base de référence s'étend de part et d'autre du point à positionner ce qui complique sa mise en oeuvre sur une machine de chantier de chemin de fer telle qu'une dégarnisseuse-cribleuse.Another drawback of this method is that the reference base extends on either side of the point to be positioned, which complicates its implementation on a railway construction machine such as a stripper-screener.

L'invention permet d'obvier à ces difficultés et propose un procédé permettant de copier la voie existante avant son renouvellement ou son entretien ce qui d'un côté est suffisant pour un dressage provisoire et de l'autre côté permet de faire accélérer le processus du dressage définitif surtout si le tracé antérieur de la voie ne nécessite pas une correction.The invention overcomes these difficulties and provides a method for copying the existing track before its renewal or maintenance which on one side is sufficient for a temporary dressing and on the other side allows to speed up the process of final dressage especially if the previous course of the track does not require a correction.

Il est également possible de déplacer une partie de la voie par rapport à son ancienne position si un déplacement dans l'autre sens par rapport au tracé initial a été provoqué accidentellement.It is also possible to move part of the track from its old position if a movement in the other direction from the original layout was caused accidentally.

Le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé par la revendication 1.The method according to the invention is characterized by claim 1.

Les avantages de ce procédé sont : la base de référence dépendant exclusivement de l'ancienne voie on a l'assurance que la voie ne sera pas écartée de son ancienne position sauf si l'on désire un déplacement par rapport à cette position pour compenser un déplacement par rapport au tracé initial survenu accidentellement, ce déplacement étant obtenu en introduisant un facteur dans la fonction donnant la direction de la droite passant par l'extrémité postérieure de la corde solidaire de la machine. Pour la même raison la mise en oeuvre du procédé est facilitée car la base de référence et le dispositif de positionnement se trouvent à des endroits différents et il n'y a pas de problème à résoudre quant à leur disposition sur la machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien.The advantages of this process are: the reference base depending exclusively on the old track, we have the assurance that the track will not be moved from its old position unless we want a displacement relative to this position to compensate for a displacement relative to the initial accidentally occurring trace, this displacement being obtained by introducing a factor into the function giving the direction of the straight line passing through the rear end of the rope secured to the machine. For the same reason, the implementation of the method is facilitated because the reference base and the positioning device are located in different places and there is no problem to solve as regards their arrangement on the renewal machine or 'interview.

Le positionnement du point après le renouvellement ou l'entretien de la voie peut s'opérer de deux manières soit on enregistre la courbure du tronçon de l'ancienne voie et après son renouvellement ou son entretien on positionne un point de ce tronçon en utilisant la valeur enregistrée de sorte que le point occupe son ancienne position, soit lors de la mesure de la courbure d'un tronçon de l'ancienne voie on utilise cette valeur pour positionner un point situé sur la partie de la voie ayant subi le renouvellement ou l'entretien si la section de la voie comprenant le point et le tronçon de l'ancienne voie présente une courbure constante ou si ladite section présente une courbure variable on utilise une valeur dépendant de la courbure mesurée et d'un facteur tenant compte de la variation de la courbure. C'est la seconde variante que nous allons décrire par la suite.The positioning of the point after the renewal or the maintenance of the track can be done in two ways either one records the curvature of the section of the old track and after its renewal or its maintenance one positions a point of this section using the value recorded so that the point occupies its old position, or when measuring the curvature of a section of the old track, this value is used to position a point located on the part of the track that has undergone renewal or l 'maintenance if the section of the track comprising the point and the section of the old track has a constant curvature or if the said section has a variable curvature a value depends on the curvature measured and a factor taking into account the variation curvature. This is the second variant which we will describe below.

L'invention concerne également une machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.The invention also relates to a machine for implementing the method.

Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, un dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé.

  • La figure 1 sert à illustrer le principe du procédé.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de côté d'une dégarnisseuse-cribleuse équipée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en plan de la figure précédente représentant uniquement le dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé.
  • La figure 4 représente un détail.
The accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, a device for implementing the method.
  • Figure 1 is used to illustrate the principle of the process.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of a screen stripper equipped for the implementation of the method of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the previous figure showing only the device for implementing the method.
  • Figure 4 shows a detail.

AFBC est un arc de cercle représentant le milieu de la voie ou un rail ou un arc équivalent à distance constante et déterminée de la voie. A et B sont deux points de cet arc se trouvant ou correspondant au tronçon de l'ancienne voie. Le point P est le point où la voie est traitée et qui occasionne la déformation géométrique de la voie. L'arc PC est représenté exagérément déformé et représente la position réelle de la voie après le traitement (entretien ou renouvellement) tandis que l'arc PC en pointillé est la position désirée de la voie. Les points de l'arc s'étendant après le point C ont déjà été positionnés.AFBC is an arc representing the middle of the track or an equivalent rail or arc at constant distance and determined of the way. A and B are two points of this arc located or corresponding to the section of the old track. Point P is the point where the track is processed and which causes the geometric deformation of the track. The PC arc is shown exaggeratedly deformed and represents the actual position of the channel after the treatment (maintenance or renewal) while the PC arc in dotted lines is the desired position of the channel. The points of the arc extending after point C have already been positioned.

La distance AB = a est constante et déterminée, F est le point milieu de l'arc AB mais il pourrait aussi bien être un autre point intermédiaire. La distance entre les points B et C est égale à b qui est une valeur constante et déterminée. Selon le procédé en mesurant la flèche du point F on peut calculer l'angle β entre les deux cordés virtuelles AB et BC de sorte que le point C se trouve également sur le même cercle que les points A et B. Après avoir matérialisé la position calculée du point C on déplace latéralement la voie en ce point pour l'amener à la position calculée.The distance AB = a is constant and determined, F is the midpoint of the arc AB but it could as well be another intermediate point. The distance between points B and C is equal to b which is a constant and determined value. According to the process by measuring the deflection of point F, we can calculate the angle β between the two virtual strings AB and BC so that point C is also on the same circle as points A and B. After having materialized the position calculated from point C the track is moved laterally to this point to bring it to the calculated position.

La détermination de l'angle/3 s'obtient par les calculs suivants pour lesquels on a simplifié certaines expressions mathématiques sur la base des considérations suivantes :

  • Le rayon d'un arc de voie est habituellement de l'ordre de quelques centaines de mètres tandis que la longueur de cordes AB et BC est de l'ordre de 10 à 20 mètres et les flèches maximales pour ces valeurs sont de l'ordre de quelques centimètres. Ainsi on obtient les expressions simplifiées suivantes pour la flèche f et le calcul de l'angle β
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002
The determination of the angle / 3 is obtained by the following calculations for which certain mathematical expressions have been simplified on the basis of the following considerations:
  • The radius of a track arc is usually of the order of a few hundred meters while the length of AB and BC strings is of the order of 10 to 20 meters and the maximum arrows for these values are of the order a few centimeters. Thus we obtain the following simplified expressions for the arrow f and the calculation of the angle β
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002

valeur de la longueur du segment GE de la médiatrice de la corde AB, E étant le point d'intersection de la corde BC avec la médiatrice. En réalité plutôt que de calculer l'angle il suffit de calculer la position du point E ainsi on détermine la position de la corde EBC. La position du point E est déterminée par la valeur de la longueur, du segment GE = y = (2(a+b)/a) f (IV). La machine de mise en oeuvre du procédé décrit ci-dessous tient compte de cette dernière remarque. Si la courbure de l'arc ABC n'est pas constante il faut introduire un facteur tenant compte de la variation de la courbure, de même si l'on désire un déplacement de la voie par rapport à son ancienne position.value of the length of the segment GE of the perpendicular bisector of the cord AB, E being the point of intersection of the cord BC with the perpendicular bisector. In reality, rather than calculating the angle, it suffices to calculate the position of point E, thus determining the position of the EBC chord. The position of point E is determined by the value of the length of the segment GE = y = (2 (a + b) / a) f (IV). The machine implementing the method described below takes this last remark into account. If the curvature of the arc ABC is not constant, a factor must be introduced which takes account of the variation in the curvature, similarly if one wishes a displacement of the track compared to its old position.

Nous allons décrire une dégarnisseusse-cribleuse pour l'assainissement du ballast équipée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention. Il est évident que toute autre machine d'entretien ou de renouvellement peut être équipée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.We will describe a screen stripper for sanitation of the ballast equipped for the implementation of the method of the invention. It is obvious that any other maintenance or renewal machine can be equipped for implementing the process.

La dégarnisseuse-cribleuse est composée d'un véhicule tracteur 1 roulant sur la voie 2 à assainir et d'un second véhicule 3 roulant sur la voie assainie. Le véhicule tracteur 1 supporte des transporteurs 4,5 pour l'évacuation des détritus et une cribleuse 6 pour l'épuration du ballast amené par les transporteurs 7,8 et excavé par le dispositif de dégarnissage 9. D'autres transporteurs 10 et 11 amènent le ballast épuré et le distribuent derrière la dégarnisseuse 9 où il sera damé par un dispositif de damage 12, et derrière la dameuse pour compléter le ballast manquant. Devant la dégarnisseuse 9 un dispositif non représenté soulève la voie pour faciliter l'opération de dégarnissage. Derrière le transporteur de distribution du ballast épuré 11 se trouve un dispositif de ripage 14 pour le positionnement de la voie ferrée sur le ballast assaini.The screen stripper is made up of a tractor vehicle 1 running on track 2 to be cleaned and a second vehicle 3 running on the cleaned track. The towing vehicle 1 supports transporters 4,5 for the evacuation of litter and a screener 6 for the purification of the ballast brought by the transporters 7,8 and excavated by the stripping device 9. Other transporters 10 and 11 bring the cleaned ballast and distribute it behind the stripper 9 where it will be groomed by a tamping device 12, and behind the groomer to complete the missing ballast. In front of the stripper 9 a device not shown lifts the track to facilitate the stripping operation. Behind the purified ballast distribution conveyor 11 is a shifting device 14 for positioning the railway on the sanitized ballast.

Les dispositifs mentionnés sont connus de l'homme du métier et ils sont susceptibles d'être modifiés sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention qui concerne uniquement le procédé de guidage d'un dispositif de positionnement d'une voie ferrée et une machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien d'une voie ferrée équipée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.The devices mentioned are known to those skilled in the art and they are capable of being modified without departing from the scope of the present invention which relates solely to the method of guiding a device for positioning a railway track and a renewal machine. or maintenance of a railway track equipped for the implementation of the process.

Un cadre rectangulaire 16 est suspendu par quatre vérins 17 au châssis 18 du véhicule tracteur 1. Le cadre est composé de quatre profilés en U la perpendicularité étant assuré par des équerres 43 fixées aux quatre angles du cadre. Deux palpeurs de voie 19 et 20 sont fixés aux deux traverses 21,22 du cadre 16 par des oreilles 23,24 respectivement 25,26. La position de ces deux palpeurs 19 et 20 est fixe par rapport au cadre 16 et ils servent à matérialiser les points A et B de référence. Plus précisément ce sont les points milieu A' et B' de leurs axes de rotation qui se trouvent en permanence sur l'arc virtuel 27 du milieu de la voie ferrée 2 qui constituent la base de référence. Un troisième palpeur de voie 28 est fixé sur une entretoise 29 du cadre 16 par deux oreilles 30,31. Le point milieu F' de son axe de rotation coïncide avec le point milieu de l'arc A',B'. Le palpeur 28 peut se déplacer transversalement par rapport au cadre 16 afin de suivre toujours le tracé de la voie. Enfin le point C' est le point milieu de la voie à l'endroit où le dispositif de ripage 14 opère. Les distances entre les points A',B' et B',C' sont constantes et déterminées. La mesure de la flèche du point F' par rapport à la corde A',B' est l'écart du point F' par rapport au segment de droite A',B' quand les palpeurs de voie 19,20,28 sont en contact avec une file de rails de la voie 2. Un ressort 32 ou 33 assure le contact du palpeur 28 avec une file de rails. Un système mécanique multiplicateur indique automatiquement la position du point E' ou de son équivalent est composé d'un bras 13 articulé au palpeur 28, à la traverse 29 et à une barre 36 parallèle à la traverse 29 par leurs points milieux respectifs F', 34 et 35. Les extrémités de la barre 36 sont articulées respectivement à une des extrémités des deux bras 37, 38 articulés à leur tour à deux points 39 et 40 de deux équerres 41, 42 assurant le positionnement de la traverse 29. Les articulations 34, 39 et 40 sont fixes tandis que les autres sont mobiles. La position des articulations fixes 34,39 et 40 par rapport aux bras 13, 37 et 38 est telle que à un déplacement f' du point F' correspondant un déplacement y' des extrémités libres 44 et 45 des bras 37 et 38 conformément à la relation (IV) susmentionnée. La matérialisation de la corde EBC étant réalisée ici par un faisceau lumineux provenant d'un émetteur 46 occupant la place du point E ou de son équivalent est capté par un récepteur 47 occupant la place du point C ou de son équivalent il convient de placer ces deux dispositifs de sorte que le faisceau lumineux ne risque pas d'être interrompu par un obstacle.A rectangular frame 16 is suspended by four jacks 17 from the chassis 18 of the tractor vehicle 1. The frame is composed of four U-shaped sections, the perpendicularity being ensured by brackets 43 fixed to the four corners of the frame. Two track probes 19 and 20 are fixed to the two crosspieces 21, 22 of the frame 16 by ears 23, 24, respectively 25, 26. The position of these two probes 19 and 20 is fixed relative to the frame 16 and they serve to materialize the reference points A and B. More precisely, it is the midpoints A ′ and B ′ of their axes of rotation which are permanently located on the virtual arc 27 of the middle of the railroad track 2 which constitute the reference base. A third track probe 28 is fixed to a spacer 29 of the frame 16 by two ears 30,31. The midpoint F 'of its axis of rotation coincides with the midpoint of the arc A', B '. The probe 28 can move transversely relative to the frame 16 in order to always follow the track of the track. Finally point C 'is the midpoint of the track at the point where the shifting device 14 operates. The distances between points A ', B' and B ', C' are constant and determined. The measurement of the deflection of point F 'in relation to chord A', B 'is the deviation of point F' in relation to line segment A ', B' when the track probes 19,20,28 are in contact with a line of rails of track 2. A spring 32 or 33 ensures contact of the probe 28 with a line of rails. A mechanical multiplier system automatically indicates the position of point E 'or its equivalent is composed of an arm 13 articulated to the probe 28, through pours 29 and a bar 36 parallel to the crossbar 29 by their respective midpoints F ′, 34 and 35. The ends of the bar 36 are articulated respectively at one of the ends of the two arms 37, 38 articulated in turn at two points 39 and 40 of two brackets 41, 42 ensuring the positioning of the cross member 29. The joints 34, 39 and 40 are fixed while the others are mobile. The position of the fixed joints 34, 39 and 40 relative to the arms 13, 37 and 38 is such that at a displacement f 'of the point F' corresponding a displacement y 'of the free ends 44 and 45 of the arms 37 and 38 in accordance with the relation (IV) above. The materialization of the EBC cord being carried out here by a light beam coming from a transmitter 46 occupying the place of point E or its equivalent is received by a receiver 47 occupying the place of point C or its equivalent it is advisable to place these two devices so that the light beam is not likely to be interrupted by an obstacle.

On dispose alors l'émetteur 46 et le récepteur 47 à un endroit décalé latéralement et verticalement de l'arc A',B',C' c'est-à-dire que l'on considère un arc A",B",C" équivalent à l'arc A',B',C' obtenu en principe par une homothétie et une translation. Le point A" n'est pas matérialisé car il ne présente pas d'intérêt, le point B" est matérialisé par une petite fente verticale sur un écran 52 interceptant le faisceau lumineux émis par l'émetteur 46 se trouvant au point E", et laissant ainsi passer un mince faisceau de lumière 48 matérialisant la corde B",C". L'émetteur 46 occupe à tout instant, pour autant que les palpeurs 19,20 et 28 sont en contact avec la file de rails, la position E" qui se trouve à une distance y" de la corde A",B". L'émetteur 46 est supporté par une tige verticale 49 (fig.4) articulée à un bras horizontal 50 monté pivotant sur un axe 51 à l'extrémité 45 du bras 38. L'axe 51 est guidé à son extrémité supérieur par une coulisse 53 glissant sur une glissière 54 fixée sur la traverse 29. Les articulations de la tige 49 et du bras 50 permettent de ramener l'émetteur à l'intérieur du gabarit déterminé par le cadre 16. L'écran perforé 52 est fixé d'une manière analogue sur le cadre 16 dans le prolongement de l'axe du palpeur 28. Le récepteur 47 est composé de plusieurs éléments photosensibles et il est divisé en trois zones verticales. Si le faisceau lumineux 48 traversant l'écran 52 est capté par les éléments de la zone du milieu le point de la voie correspondant au point C" est à la position voulue, si par contre il est capté par les éléments d'une des autres zones la voie doit être déplacée de sorte que le faisceau soit capté par les éléments de la zone du milieu. Le récepteur 47 est fixé sur le dispositif de ripage 14. Quand le faisceau lumineux est capté par les éléments d'une des zones extérieures du capteur 47 un signal est envoyé à un dispositf indiquant le sens et le déplacement que doit subir la voie pour occuper la position voulue.The transmitter 46 and the receiver 47 are then placed at a location offset laterally and vertically from the arc A ', B', C ', that is to say that an arc A ", B" is considered, C "equivalent to the arc A ', B', C 'obtained in principle by a homothety and a translation. The point A" is not materialized because it is not of interest, the point B "is materialized by a small vertical slit on a screen 52 intercepting the light beam emitted by the emitter 46 being at point E ", and thus letting through a thin beam of light 48 materializing the cord B", C ". The transmitter 46 occupies at all times, insofar as the feelers 19, 20 and 28 are in contact with the file of rails, the position E "which is at a distance y" from the cord A ", B". The transmitter 46 is supported by a vertical rod 49 (fig. 4) articulated to a horizontal arm 50 pivotally mounted on an axis 51 at the end 45 of the arm 38. The axis 51 is guided at its upper end by a slide 53 sliding on a slide 54 fixed on the cross member 29. The articulations of the rod 49 and of the arm 50 allow the transmitter to be brought back inside the template determined by the frame 16. The perforated screen 52 is fixed in a similar manner to the frame 16 in the extension of the axis of the probe 28. The receiver 47 is composed of several photosensitive elements and it is divided into three vertical zones. If the light beam 48 passing through the screen 52 is picked up by the elements of the middle zone, the point of the path corresponding to point C "is at the desired position, if on the other hand it is picked up by the elements of one of the others zones the track must be moved so that the beam is captured by the elements of the middle zone. The receiver 47 is fixed on the shifting device 14. When the light beam is captured by the elements of one of the external zones of the sensor 47 a signal is sent to a device indicating the direction and the displacement which the track must undergo to occupy the desired position.

Il est clair que pour les courbes de transition on doit tenir compte de la variation de la courbure en introduisant des facteurs de correction.It is clear that for the transition curves one must take into account the variation of the curvature by introducing correction factors.

Le dispositif décrit sert également à contrôler l'alignement de la voie sur les sections en ligne droite les points E",B" et C" devant être alignés parallèlement à la voie. L'émetteur 46, le récepteur 47 et l'écran 52 peuvent être installés d'un côté ou de l'autre de la machine. On peut en installer des deux côtés (E"',B"',C"') car ils permettent également à contrôler que le gabarit n'.est pas dépassé ou n'est pas obstrué par un corps étranger, en effet si un obstacle interrompe le faisceau lumineux entre l'émetteur et le récepteur une sonnerie retentit et la marche de la machine est interrompue.The device described also serves to control the alignment of the track on the straight line sections, the points E ", B" and C "having to be aligned parallel to the track. The transmitter 46, the receiver 47 and the screen 52 can be installed on one side or the other of the machine. It can be installed on two sides (E "', B"', C "') because they also make it possible to check that the gauge is not. exceeded or not obstructed by a foreign body, in fact if an obstacle interrupts the light beam between the transmitter and the receiver a buzzer sounds and the running of the machine is interrupted.

Le dispositif mécanique multiplicateur décrit peut être remplacé par un dispositif hydraulique pneumatique ou électrique.The mechanical multiplier device described can be replaced by a pneumatic or electric hydraulic device.

En agissant par exemple sur la longueur y on peut déplacer la voie par rapport à son ancienne position.By acting for example on the length y we can move the track relative to its old position.

Pour la marche haut-le-pied le cadre 16 est escamoté sous le châssis 18 du véhicule tracteur 1. A titre d'exemple nous donnons les distances entre les points A',B',C' d'une réalisation envisagée par le déposant.

Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
 For walking up and down, the frame 16 is retracted under the chassis 18 of the tractor vehicle 1. By way of example, we give the distances between points A ', B', C 'of an embodiment envisaged by the depositor .
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005

Il est possible d'intégrer un microprocesseur qui enregistre le tracé de l'ancienne voie et calcule la position de l'émetteur de sorte à reproduire le même tracé après le renouvellement ou l'entretien ou à le déplacer par rapport à l'ancienne position.It is possible to integrate a microprocessor which records the course of the old track and calculates the position of the transmitter so as to reproduce the same track after renewal or maintenance or to move it compared to the old position .

Claims (9)

1. Procédé de guidage d'un dispositif de positionnement de voie ferrée, équipant une machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien d'une voie ferrée, par rapport à une base de référence solidaire de la machine, caractérisé par le fait que l'on mesure la courbure d'un tronçon (AFB) appartenant exclusivement à l'ancienne voie, avant le renouvellement ou l'entretien tendu par une corde (AB), solidaire de la machine, de longueur déterminée et constante (a), que l'on fait passer par le point (B) qui représente l'extrémité postérieure de la dite corde (AB) dans le sens de l'avancement de la machine, une droite dont la direction par rapport à ladite corde (AB) est une fonction de ladite courbure mesurée , et que l'on prend sur cette droite une longueur constante (b) mesurée à partir dudit point (B) et dont l'autre extrémité (C) définit la position voulue de la voie à positionner.1. Method for guiding a railway track positioning device, fitted to a railway track renewal or maintenance machine, with respect to a reference base secured to the machine, characterized in that one measures the curvature of a section (AFB) belonging exclusively to the old track, before renewal or maintenance stretched by a rope (AB), fixed to the machine, of determined and constant length (a), that the we pass through the point (B) which represents the rear end of said rope (AB) in the direction of advancement of the machine, a straight line whose direction relative to said rope (AB) is a function of said curvature measured, and that we take on this straight line a constant length (b) measured from said point (B) and whose other end (C) defines the desired position of the track to be positioned. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la direction de la dite droite est fonction uniquement de la courbure mesurée.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of said straight line is a function only of the measured curvature. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la direction de ladite droite est fonction de la courbure mesurée et d'un facteur tenant compte de la variation de la courbure ou/et d'un déplacement voulu par rapport à l'ancienne voie.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of said straight line is a function of the curvature measured and of a factor taking into account the variation of the curvature or / and of a desired displacement relative to the old way. 4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on enregistre la valeur de la courbure mesurée et que l'on détermine ladite position voulue en utilisant la valeur enregistrée.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of the measured curvature is recorded and that said desired position is determined by using the recorded value. 5. Machine de renouvellement ou d'entretien d'une voie ferrée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 équipée d'un dispositif de positionnement de la voie ferrée, d'une base de référence et des moyens de guidage du dispositif de positionnement, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif mesurant la courbure dudit tronçon est solidaire d'une partie de ladite machine se déplaçant sur l'ancienne voie et que le dispositif de positionnement se trouve sur une partie de la machine se déplaçant sur la voie ayant subi le renouvellement ou l'entretien.5. Machine for renewing or maintaining a railway for implementing the method according to claim 1, equipped with a positioning device for the railway track, a reference base and means for guiding the positioning device, characterized in that the device measuring the curvature of said section is integral with a part of said machine moving on the old track and that the positioning device is located on a part of the machine moving on the track having undergone renewal or maintenance. 6. Machine d'entretien, notamment pour l'assainissement du ballast, selon la revendication 5 comprenant notamment un véhicule tracteur (1) roulant sur l'ancienne voie et un second véhicule (3) roulant sur la voie ayant subi le renouvellement ou l'entretien, les deux véhicules (1,3) supportant des moyens pour soulever la voie des moyens de dégarnissage (9) du ballast, des moyens de criblage (6) des moyens de transport du ballast à assainir (7,8) du ballast assaini (10,11) et de détritus (4,5) et des moyens de ripage (14) pour le positionnement de la voie assainie, caractérisée par le fait qu'un cadre rectangulaire (16) est suspendu par des moyens extensibles (17) sous le châssis (18) du véhicule tracteur (1) parallèlement au plan de la voie, que ledit cadre (16) est muni de deux palpeurs de voie (19,20) fixes à distance constante et déterminée l'un de l'autre dont les centres (A',B') matérialisent les extrémités de la corde solidaire de la machine et d'un troisième palpeur de voie6. Maintenance machine, in particular for cleaning up the ballast, according to claim 5 comprising in particular a tractor vehicle (1) running on the old track and a second vehicle (3) running on the track having undergone renewal or maintenance, the two vehicles (1,3) supporting means for lifting the track of the stripping means (9) of the ballast, screening means (6) of the means of transporting the ballast to be remediated (7,8) of the ballast sanitized (10,11) and litter (4,5) and shifting means (14) for positioning the sanitized track, characterized in that a rectangular frame (16) is suspended by extendable means (17 ) under the chassis (18) of the tractor vehicle (1) parallel to the track plane, that said frame (16) is provided with two track sensors (19,20) fixed at a constant and determined distance one of the other whose centers (A ', B') materialize the ends of the rope secured to the machine and a third track probe (28) disposé entre lesdits palpeurs (19,20) mobile transversalement pour mesurer la flèche d'un point (F') du tronçon de la voie ou de son équivalent limité par les deux palpeurs fixes (19,20), qu'un dispositif mécanique, pneumatique, hydraulique ou électrique enregistre la valeur de la flèche dudit point (F') et calcule et indique la position d'un point lequel définit avec l' extrémité postérieure (B') de la corde solidaire de la machine ou son équivalent (B";B"') la direction dudit segment de droite (B'C'), ou de son équivalent (B"C";B"'C"') qu'un récepteur comparateur (47) solidaire au point (C') à positionner ou à son équivalent (C",C"') capte un signal émis d'un émetteur (46) disposé au point indiqué par ledit dispositif mécanique pneumatique, hydraulique ou électrique, ou à son équivalent (E";E"'), ledit signal indiquant la position qu'il doit occuper le point de la voie ou de son équivalent (C";C"') et l'écart entre la position indiquée et la position occupée par ledit point étant transmis à un dispositif commandant le dispositif de ripage (14).(28) disposed between said probes (19,20) movable transversely to measure the deflection of a point (F ') of the section of the track or its equivalent limited by the two fixed probes (19,20), that a mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or electric device records the value of the deflection of said point (F ') and calculates and indicates the position of a point which defines with the rear end (B') of the rope secured to the machine or its equivalent (B ";B"') the direction of said line segment (B'C'), or its equivalent (B "C"; B "'C"') that a comparator receiver (47) integral with the point (C ') to be positioned or its equivalent (C ", C"') picks up a signal emitted by a transmitter (46) disposed at the point indicated by said pneumatic, hydraulic or electric mechanical device , or its equivalent (E ";E"'), said signal indicating the position which it must occupy at the point of the track or its equivalent (C ";C"') and the difference between the position indicated and the position occupied by said point being transmitted to a device controlling the shifting device (14). 7. Machine selon la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que l'émetteur (46) est une source de lumière unidirectionnelle.7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the emitter (46) is a unidirectional light source. 8. Machine selon la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que le comparateur (47) est un capteur photoélec- trique divisé en trois zones verticales, la réception dudit signal par la zone du milieu indiquant que ledit point (C') ou son équivalent (C",C"') occupe la position indiquée.8. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the comparator (47) is a photoelectric sensor divided into three vertical zones, the reception of said signal by the zone of the medium indicating that said point (C ') or its equivalent (C ", C" ') occupies the position indicated.
EP83200270A 1982-03-24 1983-02-23 Method of guiding a track-positioning device, and apparatus for that purpose Expired EP0089702B1 (en)

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EP0089702B1 (en) 1985-10-30
DE3361094D1 (en) 1985-12-05
US4574704A (en) 1986-03-11
ATE16295T1 (en) 1985-11-15

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