EP0084387B1 - Cooler or heater drum for particulate material - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A circular cooler or heater for treating lump material in direct contact with gases, characterized by the following features : a) a stationary, central column b) a carrying frame, which rotates about the central column, and c) radially extending segments secured to the carrying frame, wherein d) each segment consists of radially extending side walls, which define between them à segment chamber that opens into the interior chamber and is open at the rear, a cell for the lump material is disposed in front of the open rear and of the segment chamber and is defined by tangential inner and outer gas-permeable walls and a bottom structure, and an outer tangential gastight wall is spaced from the cell-defining outer gas-permeable wall and is connected at its bottom by a sheet metal element to the side walls and the outer wall defining the cell, e) a circular stationary sealing channel, into which the lower edges of the outer walls of the segments extend, f) a circular outer sealing channel provided at the top edges of the outer walls of the segments and a circular inner sealing channel at the top of the chambers in front of the cell-defining inner gas-permeable walls, g) a stationary circular gas duct, which is open-bottomed and extends over the cells and has two legs, which extend into the outer and inner sealing channels, respectively h) an interruption of the gas duct at the charging and discharging station, which interruption is effected by vertical blocking walls disposed in front of and behind said station, and a horizontal covering, which is disposed at said station and has a charging opening, i) means for discharging the cells at their bottom adjacent to the discharging station, j) stationary shutters for closing the openings in the chambers of those segments which are adjacent to the charging and discharging station, k) supply and discharge ducts for conducting the gases to the gas duct and to the openings in the segment chambers.

Description

The invention relates to a round cooler or heater for treating lumpy material by direct contact with gases.

In some cases, hot, lumpy material has to be cooled for transport or further processing, the cooling taking place both in an oxidizing atmosphere and in a neutral or reducing atmosphere. Examples of cooling in an oxidizing atmosphere are the cooling of hot iron ore sinter or cement clinker. Examples of cooling in neutral or reducing cooling are the cooling of hot sponge iron or coke. In many cases, the heat of the hot bulk material is destroyed because it is too expensive to recover. In addition, environmental problems often arise from the cooling gases.

In other cases, cold lumpy material must be preheated or brought to the reaction temperature. In some cases, this requires complex equipment.

From DE-PS-1 944 669 a round cooler for cooling hot bulk material is known, in which a support structure is supported and rotated on an inner spherical slewing ring and on an outer circular rail by means of rollers. The annular cooling space for the material is formed by two circular, gas-permeable walls. Radial segments extend from the free central space, which are formed by radial side walls to the inner, gas-permeable wall. The segments are closed at the top by a lid and at the bottom by a base, while the front and rear sides are open. Partitions are arranged in the cooling space in an extension of the radial side walls, so that cells are formed in the cooling space. The cells are emptied by lowering the corresponding parts of the floor. The outer gas-permeable wall is freely movable on the floor. The cooling air is forced out of the interior through the segments and the material in the cooling space into the atmosphere. The heat content of the cooling air is lost and its dust content is released into the environment.

The invention has for its object to provide a unit that allows the recovery of heat from cooling gases with relatively little effort, prevents pollution from cooling gases or enables the heating of lumpy material with good heat utilization and avoiding pollution.

• a) eine stationäre Mittelsäule,
• b) ein um die Mittelsäule rotierendes Traggerüst,
• c) an dem Traggerüst befestigte Segmente, die sich in radialer Richtung erstrecken, wobei
• d) jedes Segment aus radial angeordneten Seitenwänden besteht, zwischen denen zunächst eine Kammer mit einer Öffnung im Innenraum und offener hinterer Seite angeordnet ist, vor der offenen hinteren Seite der Kammer eine Zelle für das stückige Material mit einer inneren und einer äußeren tangentialen gasdurchlässigen Wand sowie einem Boden angeordnet ist, und mit Abstand zu der äußeren gasdurchlässigen Wand der Zelle eine tangentiale gasdichte Außenwand angeordnet ist, die unten durch ein Blech mit den Seitenwänden und der äußeren Wand der Zelle verbunden ist,
• e) einer kreisförmigen stationären Dicht-Tasse, in welche die Unterkanten der Außenwände der Segmente eintauchen,
• f) einer kreisförmigen äußeren Dicht-Tasse an den Oberkanten der Außenwände der Segmente und einer kreisförmigen inneren Dicht-Tasse an den Oberseiten der Kammern vor den inneren gasdurchlässigen Wänden der Zellen,
• g) einen stationären kreisförmigen, nach unten offenen Gaskanal über den Zellen, der mit einem Schenkel in die äußere und dem anderen Schenkel in die innere Dicht-Tasse eintaucht,
• h) einer Unterbrechung des Gaskanals an der Be- und Entladestelle der Zellen durch vertikale Absperrwände vor und hinter dieser Stelle und horizontale Abdeckung dieser Stelle mit einer Einfüllvorrichtung,
• i) einer Bodenentleerung der Zellen im Bereich der Entladestelle,
• j) stationär angeordnete Verschlußvorrichtungen für die Öffnungen in den Kammern derjenigen Segmente, die sich im Bereich der Be- und Entladestelle befinden,
• k) Zuleitungen und Ableitungen für die Gase zu dem Gaskanal und zu den Öffnungen in den Kammern.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a round cooler or heater with the following features:

• a) a stationary center column,
• b) a supporting structure rotating around the central column,
• c) segments fastened to the supporting frame, which extend in the radial direction, wherein
• d) each segment consists of radially arranged side walls, between which a chamber with an opening in the interior and an open rear side is arranged, in front of the open rear side of the chamber a cell for the lumpy material with an inner and an outer tangential gas-permeable wall and a bottom is arranged, and a tangential gas-tight outer wall is arranged at a distance from the outer gas-permeable wall of the cell, which is connected at the bottom by a plate to the side walls and the outer wall of the cell,
• e) a circular stationary sealing cup into which the lower edges of the outer walls of the segments are immersed,
• f) a circular outer sealing cup on the upper edges of the outer walls of the segments and a circular inner sealing cup on the upper sides of the chambers in front of the inner gas-permeable walls of the cells,
• g) a stationary circular, downwardly open gas channel above the cells, which dips one leg into the outer and the other leg into the inner sealing cup,
• h) an interruption of the gas channel at the loading and unloading point of the cells by vertical barrier walls in front of and behind this point and horizontal covering of this point with a filling device,
• i) emptying the bottom of the cells in the area of the unloading point,
• j) stationary closure devices for the openings in the chambers of those segments which are located in the area of the loading and unloading point,
• k) Inlets and outlets for the gases to the gas channel and to the openings in the chambers.

The base of the scaffolding is supported on the outside by rollers on a circular rail and inside by a bearing on the center column. The arrangement of individual components is always shown from the center. The segments form closed units, into which the gas can only enter or exit on the inside through the openings in the chambers and on the outside only through the gap between the outer gas-tight wall and the outer gas-permeable wall of the cell. can occur. The sealing cups preferably contain water as the sealing medium. However, other liquids or fine-grained solids, such as. B. sand can be used. Cold water is expediently introduced into the inner sealing cup, flows out of it through radial pipes into the outer sealing cup, flows out of this through overflow pipes into a collecting trough, is cooled and then introduced again into the inner sealing cup. The sealing cups can on the upper end so that only a gap remains open for the leg of the gas channel. The sealing cups can be placed on the top edges of the walls or on the upper part of the walls. To interrupt the circular gas channel, the vertical barrier walls are arranged up to just above the top edges of the cells and the horizontal cover between the two barrier walls is also arranged just above the top edges of the cells. If necessary, the remaining gap below the vertical barriers can be sealed with flexible seals. The filling device goes through the horizontal cover and can be designed sealed again, for. B. in the form of a double cone closure. The cells can be emptied from the floor by means of hinged closures or by sloping lowering of the floor. The closure devices for the openings in the chambers of the segments are fixedly attached to non-rotating parts, so that the openings of the chambers rotate in front of these closure devices during their rotation and are thereby closed. The closure devices generally consist of sheets with sliding seals. The expression «circular also includes a polygonal design.

The gas can be routed in such a way that the gas is introduced into the gas channel, flows from there through the segments and exits through the openings of the chambers, or in such a way that the gas is introduced into the openings of the chambers which Flows through segments to the outside and then enters the gas channel. The gas emerging from the apparatus can be recycled after an appropriate treatment.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by a further interruption of the gas channel by vertical shut-off walls and horizontal cover between these walls. This makes it possible to flow a gas stream successively through two treatment zones, increasing its heat content or making better use of it, or increasing its content of reaction products. Or it is possible to pass only one separate gas stream through the separate treatment zones and thereby to obtain gas streams with different temperatures or concentrations of reaction products or to carry out different reactions in the treatment zones. If necessary, further interruptions of the gas channel can also be arranged with corresponding closure devices for the openings in the chambers of the segments, and further subdivisions can thus be generated.

One embodiment consists in that a lid that closes the interior is fastened to the inner sealing cup and rests on a sliding seal on the center column, the openings in the chambers are arranged in the free interior, and the closed interior as a supply or discharge line for the Gases is formed to the openings in the chambers. The rotating lid closes off the free interior. When the gas is introduced into the interior from above, the interior acts as a feed to the openings in the chambers of the segments, and the gas stream (s) are withdrawn from the circular gas channel. When the gas channel is interrupted and the gas is introduced into one section of the gas channel, the interior acts as a connection between the openings of the chambers. The gas emerges from the openings of the chambers of the segments, which are located in the region of the part of the gas channel which serves as a feed line. The escaping gas flows through the interior into the openings of the chambers of the segments which are located in the region of the other part of the gas channel and is withdrawn from this part of the gas channel. The stationary closure devices for the openings in the chambers are attached to the central column.

One embodiment consists in that a box-shaped gas space is arranged stationarily on the center column, which has an annular opening at the bottom, and the openings of the chambers of the segments are connected to the opening of the box-shaped gas space via grinding seals. The box-shaped gas space has a closed ceiling and side wall. An annular opening is arranged in the bottom. This annular opening can be pulled down under the floor. The openings of the chambers of the segments are arranged in upwardly directed connecting pieces and connected to the ring-shaped opening of the box-shaped gas space via grinding seals. In the annular opening in the zones at which the gas channel is interrupted, baffles are arranged which act as a closing device for the openings in the chambers when the segments reach these zones. The interior of the box-shaped gas space can be kept free of gas flow. The gas can be routed analogously as already described for the rotating lid.

A preferred embodiment is that an annular disc is attached to the inner sealing cup, which lies on a sliding seal on the box-shaped gas space. This creates a double seal if gases escape inside the unit.

A preferred embodiment is that a horizontal disc is attached to the chambers below the openings in the interior, which rests on a sliding seal on the center column. As a result, when the gas is routed through the interior, the part of the interior used as the gas guidance space is reduced; when using the box-shaped gas space on the center column, a double seal is achieved.

One embodiment consists of the fact that the gas is supplied or discharged to the openings of the Chambers a circular, open-topped duct is arranged stationarily below the supporting structure, the openings of the chambers are connected to the opening in the duct via grinding seals, and supply or discharge lines for the gas are arranged on the gas duct. The circular channel is located below the rotating support structure. The openings of the chambers of the segments are directed downwards and extended to below the supporting structure. There they are connected to the circular opening of the channel by means of grinding seals. The annular opening of the channel is closed at the points where the gas channel is interrupted above the cells. The channel can also be interrupted at these points. The gas can be routed in a manner analogous to that already described for the version with a rotating lid.

A preferred embodiment consists in that in the interior of the chambers above the openings a horizontal disc is attached, which rests on a sliding seal on the center column. This creates a double seal if the sliding seals between the openings of the chambers and the opening in the lower channel do not completely seal.

A preferred embodiment consists in that a cover which closes the interior is fastened to the inner sealing cup and rests on a sliding seal on the center column. As a result, the entire interior is double sealed against leaks.

The invention is both suitable for a pure heat exchange between the lumpy material and the gas without chemical reactions - such. B. the cooling of hot iron ore sinter or cement clinker by means of air, the cooling of hot sponge iron or coke by means of non-oxidizing gases, or the heating of cold material by means of hot gases - as well as for heat transfer under chemical processes - such. B. the smoldering of oil shale to produce oil. The individual treatment zones can be connected in series on the gas side or can be completely separated from one another.

• Figur 1 ist ein senkrechter Schnitt durch einen runden Kühler mit Inertgas als Kühlmittel, Wärmerückgewinnung aus dem Inertgas und Rückführung des gekühlten Inertgases.
• Figur 2 ist eine Draufsicht auf Fig. 1.
• Figur 3 ist ein Schnitt gemäß I-I in Fig. 1.
• , Figur 4 ist ein Schnitt gemäß 11-11 in Fig. 1
• Figur 5 ist ein senkrechter Schnitt durch eine Ausführung mit kastenförmigem Gasraum.
• Figur 6 ist ein senkrechter Schnitt durch eine Ausführung mit einem kreisförmigen Kanal unterhalb der Tragkonstruktion.
• Figur 7 ist ein Querschnitt oberhalb der Öffnungen der Kammern der Segmente mit Ansicht nach unten bei einem Kühler gemäß Fig. 1.

The invention is explained in more detail and schematically on the basis of figures.

• Figure 1 is a vertical section through a round cooler with inert gas as the coolant, heat recovery from the inert gas and recirculation of the cooled inert gas.
• FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1.
• FIG. 3 is a section according to II in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 4 is a section according to 11-11 in FIG. 1
• Figure 5 is a vertical section through an embodiment with a box-shaped gas space.
• Figure 6 is a vertical section through an embodiment with a circular channel below the support structure.
• FIG. 7 is a cross section above the openings of the chambers of the segments, looking downward in a cooler according to FIG. 1.

The supporting frame 2 is rotatably attached to the stationary center column 1. The segments 3 are fastened to the support frame 2 in the radial direction. Each segment 3 consists of the radially arranged side walls 4a, 4b, between which - viewed from the center - the chamber 5 is initially arranged, which has an opening 6 in the interior 7. The cell 8 is arranged in front of the open rear side of the chamber 5. It consists of a tangentially arranged inner gas-permeable wall 9 and an outer gas-permeable wall 10 and a floor 11. At a distance from the outer gas-permeable wall 10, the gas-tight outer wall 12 is arranged tangentially, the bottom by a sheet 13 with the side walls 4a, 4b and the outer gas permeable wall 10 is connected. The lower edge of the outer wall 12 dips into the circular, stationary sealing cup 14. The circular outer sealing cup 15 is arranged on the upper edge of the outer wall 12 and the circular inner sealing cup 16 is arranged in front of the inner gas-permeable wall 9 on the upper side of the chambers 5. Arranged above the cell 3 is the circular gas channel 17, which is open at the bottom and dips into the outer sealing cup 15 with one leg and into the inner sealing cup 16 with the other leg. The circular gas channel 17 is interrupted at the loading and unloading point 18 of the cells 3 by vertical shut-off walls 19. A barrier wall 19 is in front and a barrier wall 19 is arranged behind the loading and unloading point 18. A horizontal cover plate 20 is arranged between the shut-off walls 19 just above the upper edge of the segments 3. An opening for the filling device 21 of the bulk material is made in this cover plate 20. The cells 3 are emptied by opening the bottom emptying 11a. In the area of the loading and unloading point 18, the openings 6 of the chambers 5 are closed by stationary locking devices 22. The gas is introduced via line 23 and discharged via line 24. At another point, the gas channel 17 has a further interruption 25, which likewise consists of vertical shut-off walls 19a and a horizontal cover plate 20a. The openings 6 in the chambers 5 can also be closed at this point, but they can also remain open.

1, 3 and 4, the interior 7 is closed at the top by the cover 26. The cover 26 is attached to the inner sealing cup 16 in a gas-tight manner and rests on the sliding seal 27 on the center column 1. As a result, the interior space 7 can be used as a supply line for the gas to the openings 6, as a discharge line for the gas from the openings 6 or as a connecting line for the gas from one part of the openings 6 to the other part of the openings 6.

In FIG. 5, a box-shaped gas space 28 is arranged on the center column 1 in a stationary manner and has a downwardly directed annular opening 29. The openings 6 of the chambers 5 are over Grinding seals 30 connected to the annular opening 29. The closure devices for the openings 6 are arranged in the annular opening 29 at the corresponding locations. An annular disk 31 is attached to the inner sealing cup 16 in a gas-tight manner and rests on a sliding seal 32 attached to the gas space 28. It serves as an additional seal for the interior 7.

1, 3, 4 and 5, the horizontal disk 32 is attached in a gas-tight manner in the interior 7 to the chambers 5 below the openings 6 and rests on the grinding seal 33, which is attached to the center column 1.

1, 3 and 4, the disk 32 reduces the interior space used for gas routing and in FIG. 5 serves as an additional seal of the interior space 7 towards the bottom.

In FIG. 6, a circular channel 34 open at the top is arranged below the supporting structure 2. The openings 6 of the chambers 5 are arranged at the bottom and extended to below the supporting structure 2. The openings 6 are connected to the channel 34 via grinding seals 30 a. The closure devices for the openings 6 are arranged in the annular opening in the channel 34 at the corresponding locations. The channel 34 is interrupted at the loading and unloading point and another point. In the interior 7, the horizontal disc 32 is attached to the chambers 5 in a gas-tight manner above the openings 6 and rests on the grinding seal 33 on the center column 1. This achieves a double seal with respect to seal 30a. The entire interior 7 is sealed again by the cover 26.

2, the cold inert gas is introduced through the feed line 23 into the front part of the gas channel 17. From there, the gas flows through the segments 3 and the openings 6 into the interior 7. The gas heated in the process flows from the interior 7 into the openings 6 of those segments 3 which are connected to the rear part of the gas channel 17. After flowing through these segments 3, the further heated gas enters the rear part of the gas channel 17 and is discharged through the discharge line 24. At 35 a dedusting takes place and at 36 an inert gas replenishment. The hot gas is cooled in a heat exchanger 37, dedusted in the cyclones 38 and pushed back into the feed line 23 by the circulation fan 39.

The advantages of the invention are that heat recovery or heat utilization is possible with relatively little effort, environmental problems are avoided and chemical reactions can also be carried out.

Claims (9)

1. A circular cooler or heater for treating lump material in direct contact with gases, characterized by the following features :

a) a stationary, central column

b) a carrying frame, which rotates about the central column, and

c) radially extending segments secured to the carrying frame, wherein

d) each segment consists of radially extending side walls, which define between them a segment chamber that opens into the interior chamber and is open at the rear, a cell for the lump material is disposed in front of the open rear and of the segment chamber and is defined by tangential inner and outer gas-permeable walls and a bottom structure, and an outer tangential gastight wall is spaced from the cell-defining outer gas-permeable wall and is connected at its bottom by a sheet metal element to the side walls and the outer wall defining the cell,

e) a circular stationary sealing channel, into which the lower edges of the outer walls of the segments extend,

f) a circular outer sealing channel provided at the top edges of the outer walls of the segments and a circular inner sealing channel at the top of the chambers in front of the cell-defining inner gas-permeable walls,

g) a stationary circular gas duct, which is open-bottomed and extends over the cells and has two legs, which extend into the outer and inner sealing channels, respectively

h) an interruption of the gas duct at the charging and discharging station, which interruption is effected by vertical blocking walls disposed in front of and behind said station, and a horizontal covering, which is disposed at said station and has a charging opening,

i) means for discharging the cells at their bottom adjacent to the discharging station,

j) stationary shutters for closing the openings in the chambers of those segments which are adjacent to the charging and discharging station,

k) supply and discharge ducts for conducting the gases to the gas duct and to the openings in the segment chambers.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas duct is interrupted at an additional point by vertical blocking walls and a horizontal cover between these walls.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internal chamber is closed by a cover, which is secured to the inner sealing channel and rests on a sliding seal provided on the central column, the openings in the segment chambers are provided in the free inner chamber and the closed inner chamber constitutes means for conducting the gases to or from the openings in the segment chambers.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a stationary boxlike gas chamber is fixed to the central column and has at its bottom an annular opening and the openings of the segment chambers communicate with the opening of the boxlike gas chamber through sliding seals.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that an annular disc is secured to the inner sealing channel and rests on the boxlike gas chamber with a sliding seal interposed.

6. Apparatus according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a horizontal disc is secured in the inner chamber to the segment chambers below the openings thereof and rests on a sliding seal provided on the central column.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a stationary open-topped circular lower duct is provided below the carrying structure and serves to conduct the gas to and from the openings of the segment chambers, said openings communicate through sliding seals with the opening in the lower duct and the gas duct is provided with gas supply or discharge ducts.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that a horizontal disc is secured to the segment chambers in the inner chamber above the openings of the segment chambers and rests on a sliding seal provided on the central column.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a cover which closes the inner chamber is secured to the inner sealing channel and rests on a sliding seal provided on the central column.

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