Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a liquid hydrocarbon fuel mixture with a flash point of at least 32 ° C, which contains a polyisobutylene with a molecular weight from the viscosity average greater than 10 6 dissolved.
• hydrocarbon fuels of this type an additive is required which on the one hand reduces the tendency of the liquid to particulate distribution or spreading when the surface of the fuel is subjected to shock, but on the other hand does not impair the use of such fuel mixtures for propelling aircraft with gas turbines.
• the shock can be such that part of the liquid is converted into a dispersion of fine liquid droplets in air, ie in a mist. This mist can be dangerous if it is flammable.
• One situation in which it is most important to keep the formation of such a mist to a minimum under shock conditions is, for example, the emergency landing of a flying machine, which results in damage to the tanks filled with combustible fuel.
• hydrocarbons currently used for aircraft gas turbine engines have a higher flash point than aviation gasoline used in piston engine machines, mists of hydrocarbons with flash points of 32 ° C or higher strongly speak of ignition by flame, electrical sparks or friction and the presence of hot metal in the aircraft, and there is therefore a significant fire hazard immediately after a flying machine collision.
• GB-PS 1 259 113 From GB-PS 1 259 113 it is already known to obtain an improved liquid hydrocarbon fuel with a reduced tendency to particulate propagation when exposed to shock by adding a polymer with a molecular weight of greater than 1 0 6 to the liquid.
• the proportion of the dissolved polymer should be 0.1 to 2 percent by weight, suitable polymers are polyisobutylene or an ethylene-propylene copolymer.
• the polymers are either dissolved directly in the liquid hydrocarbon or added to the fuel in the form of their aqueous dispersion, the water is removed and the polymer is simultaneously dissolved by appropriate heating.
• the object of the invention was to find a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with flash points of at least 32 ° C. which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above and which has a relatively small particle-shaped spread when exposed to shock, i.e. The formation of fog, shows and the risk of explosion and burning properties when subjected to shock is therefore considerably reduced.
• concentration of the polyisobutylene is 0.0010 to 0.0099, preferably 0.0050 to 0.0095 percent by weight, based on the weight of the fuel mixture.
• the liquid hydrocarbon fuel should have a flash point of at least 32 ° C (determined according to the test method ASTM Standard D 93).
• Suitable liquid hydrocarbon fuels with which the invention can be used include aircraft turbine fuels of the JP-8 quality (flash point at least 43 ° C., described in the "US Military Specification NIL-T-83 133"), the JP-5 quality ( Flash point min. 60 C, described in the "US Military Specification MIL-T-5 624 G"), the qualities Jet A and JetA-1 (flash point min. 43 0 C, described in the "ASTM Specification DI 655/66 T ”) and the quality AVTUR-NATO with the code No. F-35 (Flash point min. 38 ° C, described in the "UK Ministry of Aviation Specification", NO. D.Eng. RD 2494 (Issue 4).
• These materials are usually present in an amount of no more than 24 mg / l, and preferably at least 8.6 mg / l.
• the polyisobutylene used is a polymer of isobutylene with a molecular weight from the viscosity average greater than 10 6.
• Such polymers of isobutylene are known per se and, for example, in the reference “Chemical technology of plastics in individual representations of polyisobutylene” Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg, 1959, pages 77 to 105.
• the polyisobutylene used in the above-cited GB-PS 1 259 133 can also be used in the process according to the invention.
• the molecular weight of the polyisobuylene viscosity agent, determined in isooctane solution at 20 ° C. and a concentration of 0.1 g / 100 ml) should suitably be between 2.5 to 7.0 ⁇ 10 6 , preferably 3.5 to 6.0 ⁇ 10 6 lie.
• the solid polymer can be e.g. Simply add 20 ° C to the fuel.
• the solution then occurs after 3 - 10 days without any further mechanical or thermal measure. Accelerating the dissolving process and therefore advantageous is a division of larger pieces into smaller parts, z.3. by cutting with a knife or scissors.
• the polyisobutylene can also be dissolved directly in the intended application concentration or via a concentrate in the fuel, which is then further diluted.
• the viscosity of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is increased only slightly by the small addition of polyisobutylene.
• Another advantage is that the polyisobutylene dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon fuel remains in solution down to -40 ° C and does not fail.
• a constantly lit pilot flame was attached to a rail and a holder for a spray can was attached at a distance of 15-20 cm on the same rail.
• the spray can (type 60Z aluminum monoblock) was filled with 40 g Oppanol B 230 solution and 60 g propellant gas, consisting of a mixture of 50% fluorotrichloromethane and 50% difluorodichloromethane, for all tests.
• a reduction in the volume of the flame front can be estimated as follows:

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6145797

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (5)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1981
  • 1981-11-06 DE DE19813144135 patent/DE3144135A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1982
  • 1982-10-28 EP EP82109969A patent/EP0078998A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1982-11-02 CA CA000414682A patent/CA1205631A/fr not_active Expired

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events