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EP0072004A2 - Installation de signalisation et de contrôle pour cibleries - Google Patents

Installation de signalisation et de contrôle pour cibleries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0072004A2
EP0072004A2 EP82107145A EP82107145A EP0072004A2 EP 0072004 A2 EP0072004 A2 EP 0072004A2 EP 82107145 A EP82107145 A EP 82107145A EP 82107145 A EP82107145 A EP 82107145A EP 0072004 A2 EP0072004 A2 EP 0072004A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
targets
status
hit
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82107145A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0072004A3 (fr
Inventor
Lindsay C. Knight
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Australasian Training Aids Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Australasian Training Aids Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Australasian Training Aids Pty Ltd filed Critical Australasian Training Aids Pty Ltd
Publication of EP0072004A2 publication Critical patent/EP0072004A2/fr
Publication of EP0072004A3 publication Critical patent/EP0072004A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J11/00—Target ranges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to machine status indicators and controllers and specifically to target range status indicators and controllers.
  • the ranges will have a plurality of lanes, one for each marksman, and in the lanes there may be a plurality of targets located at different distances from the firing line behind which the marksman is located.
  • each target may have a raising and lowering mechanism which is responsive to controls located at some distance from the firing line, preferably in a control building of some sort. It is further desirable to accumulate scores indicating the number of times a target has been hit and relate these scores to the marksmen in their respective lanes. Furthermore, the status of each target, whether raised or lowered, illuminated, etc., in addition to fault identification, is useful information to the Range Control Officer who may be located in the control building.
  • ranges were controlled by specialized panels or consoles which utilized a plurality of switches to provide control outputs to the targets and a plurality of lamps and/or digital displays for indicating the status and/or scores relating to each target. It can be seen that where there are a large number of lanes (for example 16) and each lane has a plurality of targets therein at different distances (for example 7) the resultant number of lamps and digital displays to provide target up/down, fault and/or hit information is relatively large (112 indicators for each item of information). In the past, these indicators have been located on a specialized panel or console in some logical arrangement corresponding to the arrangement of targets on the target range.
  • a display dimmer is included, in order to avoid destruction of the night vision of the Range Control Officer or other personnel in the control building, this merely adds to the cost of wiring the panel or console in the first place.
  • VDU computer-driven video display unit
  • a processor to interrogate a plurality of target condition sensors located at each target in a sequential manner and to apply the information achieved through interrogation to a video display unit.
  • the same processor is also utilized in preferred embodiments to adjust the position status, lighting conditions, and implement any visual and/or audio retaliation effects for each target in a manual, semiautomatic, or fully pre-programmed automatic manner.
  • different training programs can be pre-programmed to provide the optimum training benefit for a "raw" recruit or for a skilled marksman undergoing a refresher course.
  • the present invention not only permits fault indication on the cathode ray tube display but also permits any additional function or status information which is available at some time in the future by a simple reprogramming of the digital processor.
  • any additional function or status information which is available at some time in the future by a simple reprogramming of the digital processor.
  • the technology of target systems improves, not only can the fact of a target being hit be detected and counted but also the quality of that hit (“fatal” or “non-fatal”) can be indicated and totaled with pre-programmed differences in score providing a "lethality index" at each target and at each firing position for a lane of targets.
  • a modern military training facility cannot justify the extreme costs associated with lamps and dials in the complex and expensive hard wired systems.
  • variable image display unit such as a cathode ray tube for displaying target status information
  • CRT-sensitive means such as a light pencil, touch-sensitive or photodiode array
  • Applicant's computer control system utilizes a separate control tablet to input control information to the computer
  • Applicant's invention by virtue of the cathode ray tube status indicator and digital processor system can easily incorporate such future improvements.
  • the present invention is compatible with hit position detecting devices such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,281,241 issued July 28, 1981, to Knight et al entitled “Firing Range” and the subject matter thereof is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the present invention is completely compatible with the indication and the implementation of night effects for a firing range such as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,203,232 issued May 20, 1980, to Knight et al entitled “Night Effects Simulator", which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • additional function information can be incorporated in the computer and target sensor through the utilization of hit position and ricochet detection information generated by the devices disclosed in Marksmanship Training Apparatus, U.S. Serial No. 110,471 filed January 8, 1980, by Lindsay C. Knight, also herein incorporated by reference.
  • the Applicant's invention is characterized by a high degree of cost effectiveness combined with variable operational capability which is provided by combining a video display unit for displaying target operational conditions with an information processing target range control system.
  • Targets 10 are located in firing "lanes" at varying distances from the firing line 12 behind which the marksmen 14 are located. For example, at 50 meters distance the right-hand target is up with the left-hand target down. The targets at 100 and 150 meters are up and targets at 200, 250, and 300 meters are down.
  • each of the targets in a "bank” (a line of targets parallel to the firing line) are connected to a Field Equipment Module (FEM) 16 for that particular bank.
  • FEM Field Equipment Module
  • the FEMs for the 50 meters, 100 meters, 150 meters, 200 meters, 250 meters and 300 meters banks are all connected to the digital processing means 18 located in the range control building 20.
  • a Range Control Officer can monitor the status and control the positioning and response of each target on the range to optimize the beneficial effect of the training sequence.
  • a video display unit (VDU) 22 and a control tablet 24 provide range status/hit information and range function control, respectively.
  • Figure 2 illustrates one embodiment of a single target 10 pivotally mounted to be raised and lowered between “up” and “down” positions by target mechanism 38.
  • a bullet or other projectile having a trajectory 34 strikes the target setting up target vibrations 36 which travel outward away from the impact point of the projectile.
  • hit detector 32 which may be an inertia switch or any other device for detecting the presence of certain vibrations.
  • the target mechanism provides an indication to its respective FEM (when interrogated) that it has been "hit”.
  • sensors Sl-54 are placed in a protected position below ground level in front of the target.
  • the acoustic shock waves emanating from the passage of a supersonic projectile activates sensors S-1, S-3 and S-4 at different points in time, the difference in time intervals being indicative of the position of the projectile's trajectory with respect to the sensors.
  • sensors S-1 and S-2 located substantially parallel with the projectile's trajectory, determine the speed of the projectile and serves to discriminate between ricochet hits on the target and properly aimed "hits" on the target.
  • a simple limit switch which is closed when the target is "up” provides target position information to the respective FEM.
  • the target position information and "hit” information may be considered target "condition” information which is provided the CPU when the target is interrogated.
  • the target mechanism may include cartridges and/or lights for simulation of "return fire” by the target. It may also include lighting to silhouette the target or to indicate that the target has been hit. These functions are dependent upon the occurrence of a command signal from the CPU indicative that the target has been hit by a projectile, etc. The occurrence of such a command, causes the target function mechanism to react in the predetermined specified manner.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the functional interconnection of the target mechanisms and hit detectors with the FEMs and the digital processing means 18.
  • the digital processing means through the Serial Communication Interface (SCI) 30 therein, interrogates the FEMs sequentially in each bank such that the FEMs provide a sequential output indicative of the target status (up/down) and/or "hit" information generated by the hit detector 32.
  • This information is fed serially into the SCI 30 and from there into Computer Processing Unit (CPU) 40.
  • Desired target status inputs are provided by means of control tablet 24 to the CPU and compared with the actual target status information received from the FEMs. If there is a difference, the FEMs command the appropriate target or bank of targets to move to the control panel indicated status.
  • the actual status or commanded status of the range can be displayed on the video display unit 22 along with target hit information along with any other data desired.
  • an optional printer 42 (shown connected by a dotted line) can be energized to provide a hard copy printout of marksmen's names and scores associated therewith.
  • the VOU or printer can also point out defective modules of equipment which can easily be replaced in the unlikely event that a difficulty does arise, thus ensuring a minimum of target range down time.
  • FIG 3 the arrows indicate the direction of informational flow and as can be seen, target status commands travel from the control panel to the digital processing means and from there to the FEM and to the selected target mechanism with target position information fed back through the FEM and the digital processing means and displayed on the video display unit.
  • FIG 3 only two FEMs have been shown in a range such as that depicted in Figure 1, six FEMs would be utilized (one is used for both 50 meter targets, i.e., for the "right” target and for the "left” target) with each FEM interrogating and controlling 16 targets.
  • variable image display unit Such a unit could be a charge coupled device (CCD) or, in a preferred abodiment, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT).
  • CCD charge coupled device
  • CRT Cathode Ray Tube
  • This variable image display unit must have the capability of electronically changing the visual image format of the video display.
  • the term variable image display unit is believed to encompass and describe such a device.
  • the target mechanism status in one of three modes is displayed: “down”; “up”, but drop when "hit”; and "up” whether or not "hit”.
  • an indication is provided of the number of times that target is hit.
  • the VDU display format is substantially identical to the target range layout with banks of targets indicated in horizontal rows with their distance from the firing enumerated in the left-hand margin.
  • Target range lane numbers are set forth at the bottom of each vertical row of targets with a total score for each lane indicated just above the lane number.
  • Each target is displayed on the VDU in an area of two horizontal cells by four vertical cells. The top two cells indicate target selection in the manual mode by a white down arrow in the first cell as shown in the 50 meter left target of lane 1.
  • the second two-cell horizontal line indicates the target position "up” or “down” and may also indicate, when the "up” position is selected, whether the target has been requested to "illuminate", and/or "retaliate".
  • the "up" target indication color is green with a perimeter flahsing from black to a color indicating the functions that the target will provide, for example: illuminate-cyan; retaliate-yellow; and detonate-red. If there is a fault indication in the target (generated when the target is commanded to "up” and yet remains in the "down” position), the target status is indicated as down with a fault indication being given on line 3.
  • line 3 When a faulty target is indicated by the computer, the video display unit in line 3 is indicated as yellow with a perimeter flashing from yellow to black. Without a fault indication, line 3 indicates the function status of the target mechanism when a target is hit. Line 3 will be red if the target mechanism drops the target to the "down" position when hit and will indicate all green if the target "hold” mode is selected (when the target remains in the "up” position regardless of being hit or not).
  • the bottom line or line 4 is a counter to record individual target scores of from 00 to 99. If the score becomes greater than 99, it can no longer be displayed by the two-digit counter, so a flashing 99 will be displayed until the score is reset to 00.
  • the video display unit At the upper portion of the video display unit are sections which indicate range power status, time and date. Should an automatic mode of operation be selected, the particular program number that the computer procesing unit is utilizing is displayed as well as the length of time necessary to fully complete the automatic program. A progress indication as far as completion of the computer program is concerned is indicated with the step number indicator. Additionally, the run time in hours and minutes and the stopwatch in minutes and seconds provide additional useful information.
  • the present embodiment indicates the status of six banks of targets (the 50 meter targets are considered one bank, even though separate status and score information is provided for "right” and "left” targets and 16 lanes, any number of banks and lanes could be displayed on either one or a plurality of cathode ray tube display systems.
  • the present invention utilizes a separate control panel, described hereinafter, it is anticipated that future modifications of the present invention will-include utilizing the video display unit CRT as both a control panel and a video display unit hy means of a light pencil, a touch-sensitive service covering the display screen or a photodiode/photo- transistor array located immediately adjacent the screen.
  • Such a system would have even more flexibility than the present system, but would require additional computer support for the operation thereof.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention utilizes a separate control tablet 24 to provide input information to the central processing unit 40 of the digital processing means 18.
  • a separate control tablet 24 to provide input information to the central processing unit 40 of the digital processing means 18.
  • the Target Selection portion 51 of the control tablet comprises push button switches (printed circuit board (PCB) mounted) provided in 16 vertical rows which correspond to the 16 lanes on the target range. Seven horizontal rows are provided which correspond to the seven banks of targets as shown in Figure 1 (again, the 50 meter right and 50 meter left targets are considered the same bank because they are the same distance from the firing line). Any individual target or targets can be singled out for action by pressing the button in the appropriate lane and bank corresponding to the target desired.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the desired function which is to be commanded to that target must be selected.
  • the buttons in the Target selection portion of the control table there are a number of buttons which will provide a target function command, for example, target "Up” or target “Down". Normally if target up is selected, the target will remain up only until it is hit and then will fall. However, target "Hold” can be actuated in which case the target remains up until commanded down or until hit after target "Hold” has been deenergized with respect to the selected target.
  • "Illum on” and “Illum off” relate to the illumination of targets during night firing simulations.
  • "Print Out” will command a remote printer 42 to make a permanent record of the status of the selected target or targets.
  • the "Hit/Burst” button controls whether a target indicates each individual hit or indicates bursts of hits (a plurality of individual hits which are not separated by more than a predetermined length of time are registered as one hit).
  • "Prog. Run” and “Prog. Pause” relate to controlling individual targets or groups of targets by means of an automatic control program which can either be pre-programmed by the control tablet operator or can be established consistent with a predetermined marksmanship training program.
  • the scores indicated at each target and at each lane can be reset either individually or for the entire range by commanding a target selection and the range function "Reset Score".
  • the reset score must be depressed and followed by depressing the "Yes" button in the Programming portion 56 of the control tablet.
  • the Operating Mode portion (58) of the control tablet turns the range on and off with the "Range On/Off" switch which, to prevent loss of data, must be operated in conjunction with the "Yes" switch in the Programming portion of the control tablet.
  • the "Manual” button when operated, permits manual operation of the targets by means of the "Target Selection” and “Range Functions” portions of the control tablet.
  • the "Auto” switch transfers control of target selection and range function to a stored program in the Digital Processing Means 18 or other storage medium.
  • the "Program Generation” switch when depressed, permits the control tablet operator to pre-program a sequence of target selection and range function actions over a period of time which can then be utilized in the "Auto" operating mode.
  • the Programming portion of the tablet includes not only the “yes” and “no” switches but also numbers 0 through 9 and a number of function keys.
  • the "Prog. No” key when depressed, indicates that the number to follow is either the number of a program being generated (if in the program generation mode) or the program selected (if in the auto operating mode).
  • the "Repeat” key requires that the previous inputted information be repeated.
  • the “Step No” key indicates that the next inputted number is a step number in the program generation mode.
  • the “Clear” button clears any previously inputted tablet button depression information and allows a correction to be made.
  • Depressing the "Time” button in the programming portion of the control tablet indicates that the following number is the length of time that a particular step will take prior to the program moving on to the next step in sequence.
  • the "Interlock” button must be depressed to mark the last digit of any number entered on the numerical key.
  • the target range can be advantageously controlled either manually or automatically and the automatic operation can be either a previously prepared program or a program prepared by the control tablet operator in accordance with the wishes of the Range Control Officer or other director of training.
  • this particular control tablet is a preferred embodiment, it will be seen that other range functions, operating modes and programming functions could be added if desirable to the system user.
  • the method of target selection could be modified if there were different numbers of lanes and/or banks in a given target range system.
  • an additional horizontal row of buttons could be utilized to activate all targets in a designated lane in much the same manner as the Bank Common buttons select all targets in the designated bank.
  • control tablet operates and interacts very closely with the information presented on the previously discussed video display unit which displays either the actual status of the range or the commanded status of the range (depending on the user requirement) when operating in the manual or automatic modes and displays the effect of the program being generated when the control tablet is in the program generation mode of operation.
  • the Field Equipment Modules 16 are shown in more detail in Figure 6 and their interrelationship with the rest of the system can be seen in Figure 3.
  • a separate FEM is provided for each bank or group of targets and handles bidirectional communication between the Serial Communication Interface (SCI) of the digital processing means 18 and the individual target mechanisms.
  • SCI Serial Communication Interface
  • the FEM communicates through multichannel links to the targets associated with that FEM (in the preferred embodiment there would be 16 targets associated with each FEM although greater or lesser numbers of targets could be utilized depending upon the target range involved).
  • the bidirectional communication link with the SCI is shown.
  • Requests for information or function instructions (both of which are considered commands) from the SCI on the bidirectional communication link are inputted to the electrical isolation block 60 and passed on to the receiver 61.
  • the sequencing controller 62 sequences the passing of the received signal and the operation of the serial-to-parallel converter 63 such that parallel pattern is provided through electrical isolation block 64 to the targets.
  • the command identifies which target in this bank is concerned and applies the function signal or request for information to that target.
  • the target mechanism 38 is responsive to command signals from the FEM and causes the target to operate appropriately (up/down, etc.).
  • the target mechanism in turn provides a parallel signal indicative compliance with the function signal or provides the information (in the case of a request for information) to the electrical isolation block 64 and is subsequently supplied to the parallel-to-serial converter 65.
  • the operation and output of the parallel-to-serial converter 65 is sequenced by sequencing controller 62 such that transmitter 66 outputs a serial word indicative of the command response or information requested from the target through the electrical isolation block 60 to the bidirectional communications link with the SCI.
  • each field equipment module is capable of distributing signals from the bidirectional communications link in multiplexed form to the individual target mechanisms and, in the opposite direction, demultiplexing signals from the target mechanisms for transmission back to the SCI.
  • the construction of parallel-to-serial converters, transmitters, receivers, the multiplexers and demultiplexers contained in electrical isolation block 64 would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art and would depend, to a large extent, on how information is generated in the target mechanism and how the information is utilized in the central processing unit. Obviously, different computer systems and target mechanisms may require a different FEM. Additionally, if hard wired communication is acceptable (although it has poor reliability and maintainability characteristics), information could be directly inputted in parallel form to the maxibus eliminating the need for the FEM.
  • the operation of the serial communications interface is more clearly shown in Figure 7.
  • the SCI is a computer peripheral device which correctly supplies information in the appropriate format to and from the CPU.
  • the block diagram in Figure 7 indicates the functional blocks necessary in order to condition information from the bidirectional communication link such that it is usable on the maxibus of the CPU utilized in the present invention (the Computer Automation, Inc. Mini 4/90).
  • the information flow is relatively straightforward with the command and/or request for information being generated in the CPU and applied in parallel form to the maxibus.
  • the maxibus information is converted to serial form in the parallel-to-serial converter 90 and applied through transmitter 91 to the electrical isolation block 92.
  • the isolation block applies the command or request for information to the bidirectional communications link which supplies the information to all FEMs, only one of which responds to the applied signal as noted above.
  • the returning serial signal from the FEM on the bidirectional communication link is applied to the electrical isolation block 92 and from there to receiver 93.
  • the operation of transmitter 9] and receiver 93 is controlled time-wise by timing control 94.
  • the output of receiver 93 is forwarded to serial-to-parallel converter 94 and the function response or requested information is supplied to the maxibus in parallel form and from there to RAM and magnetic storage and/or the CPU.
  • the CPU can transfer the status of data bus lines (a data bus line is a portion of the maxibus) in a selective manner to the FEMs and, for for information moving in the opposite direction, the CPU can sense the status of multiplexed control lines as they arrive from the target mechanisms to the FEMs.
  • a sequence to send the same target a "down" control is as follows:
  • a sequence to extract hit and up indication data from a different FEM is as follows:
  • the main logic flow components comprise two tables, the Target New Table 70 and the Target Now Table 72.
  • the Target New Table contains the desired range configuration and can be changed by information from the range or information from a range control system, which may be either manually or program controlled.
  • the Target Now Table contains information as to the actual condition existing at a target (primarily up/down information). Obviously, when a target is up but has been commanded down, the Target New Table will have the down command allocated for that target but until the target has actually moved to the down position, the Target Now Table will indicate that the target is still up.
  • the manual inputs to the Target New Table are provided by control inputs from control tablet 24 in a preferred embodiment which provides not only target selection information from the target selection portion of the tablet, but also function selection information.
  • the function selection table When the function selection table is accessed by the control input, it provides the selected function information after the target selection information in a code which is supplied to the Target New Table.
  • the table for the target and function selected is adjusted to reflect any change in function for that target which has been keyed into the tablet.
  • range status control signals can be provided by a stored program which will identify the appropriate targets and functions in a desired sequence. Furthermore, when certain functions such as “retaliate” and/or “detonate” and/or “drop target when hit” are designated, the Target New Table responds to "hit” information from the range. This information similarly is in the form of a code word identifying the target which has been hit and assuming that the manual or programmed range status controller has enabled the range to "retaliate”, “detonate” and/or "drop target when hit", the occurrence of a hit will energize the desired function command in the Target New Table 70.
  • Converter 74 serves to convey the target selection information and the desired function change information to a form usable by the range which is then sent out serially in well-known fashion.
  • the status of the Target New Table is provided to a range status information block 76 which converts the information to a form compatible with the video display unit 22.
  • the "hit" information from the range is also accumulated in the individual target score block 78 and is also added to determine target score for each lane in the add target box 80.
  • Individual target scores and lane total scores are provided to video display unit 22 in a conventional manner.
  • “Status" information from the range regarding each target is supplied to the Target Now Table 72 and compared in the range status information block 76. Where a discrepancy is maintained between Target New Table 70 and Target Now Table 72 for more than the required transition period of a target from an up position to a down position, the range status information block 76 will provide a fault indication to video display unit 22.
  • the present invention is a combined target range status indicator and controller which, in the preferred embodiment, utilizes one cathode ray tube to provide target status information as well as "hit” and scoring information.
  • target status information as well as "hit” and scoring information.
  • other variable image display devices could be used and that numerous modifications to the specific logic and hardware utilized in this invention can be supplied by those of ordinary skill in the computer art in view of the above disclosure depending upon the specific requirements of the user of the invention.
  • the video display unit instead of the video display unit utilizing the target status command signal as an indication of the target status, it could just as easily respond to the range generated target status information.
  • Hit position information as well as descrimination between ricochet hits and actual hits can be incorporated into the target scoring and the video display unit to provide an index of lethality as feedback provided each marksman during use of the target range.
  • the computer processing unit was made by Computer Automation, Inc., at Irvin, California, which is designated Model 4/90.
  • the video display unit comprises any standard 19-inch color monitor having 48 lines with 80 characters per line and in this instance was an ISC Graphic 8001 GB with accessories, manufactured by Intelligent Systems Corporation, 5965 Peach Tree Circle E, Norcross, GA.
  • the up sensor in a preferred embodiment comprises a limit switch with positive logic, but negative logic could be utilized with very slight reprogramming.
  • the hit detector in a preferred embodiment is the "inertial switch" as described in the aforementioned Knight Patent.
  • the computer processing unit may be programmed as required depending upon the precise computer or video display unit, sensor logic, hit detector or target layout. These source listings are believed to be in the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the above disclosure. Although the processing means has been discussed with respect to a digital embodiment, analog or hybrid systems could be adapted for use in this system in view of the present disclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Digital Computer Display Output (AREA)
  • Audible And Visible Signals (AREA)
EP82107145A 1981-08-10 1982-08-06 Installation de signalisation et de contrôle pour cibleries Withdrawn EP0072004A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29179081A 1981-08-10 1981-08-10
US291790 1981-08-10

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0072004A2 true EP0072004A2 (fr) 1983-02-16
EP0072004A3 EP0072004A3 (fr) 1983-05-11

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EP82107145A Withdrawn EP0072004A3 (fr) 1981-08-10 1982-08-06 Installation de signalisation et de contrôle pour cibleries

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0245396U (fr) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-28
EP0797070A3 (fr) * 1996-03-20 1999-02-03 Karl Stefan Riener Système de gestion pour galerie de tir
US6363294B1 (en) 1997-12-30 2002-03-26 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for semiconductor wafer fabrication process real-time in-situ interactive supervision
EP1398595A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 2004-03-17 Beamhit L.L.C. Système en réseau pour l'entraínement au tir d'arme à feu sur cible utilisant un laser
US6935864B2 (en) 2000-01-13 2005-08-30 Beamhit, Llc Firearm laser training system and method employing modified blank cartridges for simulating operation of a firearm
US6966775B1 (en) 2000-06-09 2005-11-22 Beamhit, Llc Firearm laser training system and method facilitating firearm training with various targets and visual feedback of simulated projectile impact locations
US7329127B2 (en) 2001-06-08 2008-02-12 L-3 Communications Corporation Firearm laser training system and method facilitating firearm training for extended range targets with feedback of firearm control

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203232A (en) * 1977-02-02 1980-05-20 Australasian Training Aids Pty. Ltd. Night effects simulator
GB1580253A (en) * 1977-02-21 1980-11-26 Australasian Training Aids Pty Firing range
US4222564A (en) * 1977-06-13 1980-09-16 Aba Electromechanical Systems, Inc. Automated scoring target system
DE2748993A1 (de) * 1977-11-02 1979-05-03 Diether Dipl Phys Dr Haina Einrichtung zum trainieren von schuetzen
GB2042696B (en) * 1979-01-08 1983-11-02 Australasian Training Aids Pty Marksmanship training apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0245396U (fr) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-28
EP0797070A3 (fr) * 1996-03-20 1999-02-03 Karl Stefan Riener Système de gestion pour galerie de tir
EP1398595A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 2004-03-17 Beamhit L.L.C. Système en réseau pour l'entraínement au tir d'arme à feu sur cible utilisant un laser
US6363294B1 (en) 1997-12-30 2002-03-26 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for semiconductor wafer fabrication process real-time in-situ interactive supervision
US6935864B2 (en) 2000-01-13 2005-08-30 Beamhit, Llc Firearm laser training system and method employing modified blank cartridges for simulating operation of a firearm
US6966775B1 (en) 2000-06-09 2005-11-22 Beamhit, Llc Firearm laser training system and method facilitating firearm training with various targets and visual feedback of simulated projectile impact locations
US7329127B2 (en) 2001-06-08 2008-02-12 L-3 Communications Corporation Firearm laser training system and method facilitating firearm training for extended range targets with feedback of firearm control

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