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EP0071084A1 - Apparatus for the preparation of binding fibres from polymer dispersions - Google Patents

Apparatus for the preparation of binding fibres from polymer dispersions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0071084A1
EP0071084A1 EP82106300A EP82106300A EP0071084A1 EP 0071084 A1 EP0071084 A1 EP 0071084A1 EP 82106300 A EP82106300 A EP 82106300A EP 82106300 A EP82106300 A EP 82106300A EP 0071084 A1 EP0071084 A1 EP 0071084A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fibers
stirrer
feed hopper
funnel
Prior art date
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Application number
EP82106300A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0071084B1 (en
Inventor
Richard Dr. Bung
Karl Gans
Gerold Schreyer
Gerhard Dr. Welzel
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/40—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by applying a shearing force to a dispersion or solution of filament formable polymers, e.g. by stirring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the production of binding fibers, in particular for the production of nonwovens by the wet process with agents for bringing together polymer dispersions which contain anionic or nonionic dispersants and aqueous solutions containing cationic precipitants which cause fiber formation of precipitated polymer particles.
  • the polymer dispersion is injected under pressure in a thin jet through narrow nozzles into the moderately stirred precipitation bath, the polymer having to have a certain glass transition temperature (Tg).
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • fibrils are obtained by precipitation in a shear field which is generated by nozzles and in which the individual jets had a speed of at least 5 m / s.
  • the precipitation in a shear field with an average energy density of at least 5 W.sec / cm 3 is also described in DOS 25 16 561.
  • the object of the present invention was to find a device which allows polymer dispersions of various chemical origins to be easily formed both into fibrils and into thin, at least 1 millimeter long fibers which are suitable as binding fibers for the consolidation of nonwovens to process. Smaller binding fibers can get into the filtrate during dewatering, become deposited in the water cycle and lead to malfunctions. In addition, they are lost as binders for the fleece.
  • a discharge space is preferably connected downstream of the homogenization space.
  • binding fibers or fibrils with a length of 1 to 6 mm and more can be produced in the laminar-flowing precipitation bath with low shear springs.
  • a stirrer 7 and the precipitant flowing in through a metering device 10 produce a drum 3 in the feed hopper 4 and a rotating precipitation bath in the homogenization chamber 8.
  • the polymer dispersion is produced in a thin jet from a container with a nozzle 1 connected downstream
  • the resulting dispersion thread 2 travels downward in the form of a spiral in the drum 3.
  • the surface of the thread is at least partially fixed by coagulation of the thread-shaped dispersion.
  • the coagulated dispersion thread is swirled into binding fibers or fibrils in a swirl chamber 5 and in the roller gap 6.
  • Im Homogenization chamber 8 in the rotating overflowing precipitation bath, the resulting fibers or fibrils are fixed by final coagulation and transported into a discharge chamber 9.
  • the pressure in the nozzle 1 and the width of the nip 6, fibers are formed with different lengths , possibly fibrils, with more or less strong ramifications on the surface and the ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for the preparation of bonding fibers, especially for the production of nonwovens by a wet-lay process, wherein a polymer dispersion, containing an anionic or nonionic dispersant, and an aqueous solution, containing a dissolved cationic precipitant, are combined to cause fiber formation from precipitated polymer particles, which apparatus includes a feed funnel spaced above the bottom of a homogenization vessel with both a nozzle for introducing the polymer dispersion and a metering device for the precipitant, which are so arranged and aimed into the funnel that in co-operation with a stirrer a vortex is produced in a column of liquid in the feed funnel, and fibers are formed and broken up while passing through a turbulence chamber, located at the bottom of the funnel, and a gap into a homogenization chamber.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Bindefasern, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Faservliesen nach dem Naßverfahren mit Mitteln zu Zusammenbringen von Polymerisatdispersionen, die anionische oder nichtionische Dispergiermittel enthalten, und von kationische Fällmittel enthaltenden wäßrigen Lösungen, die eine Faserbildung gefällter Polymerteilchen bewirken.The present invention relates to a device for the production of binding fibers, in particular for the production of nonwovens by the wet process with agents for bringing together polymer dispersions which contain anionic or nonionic dispersants and aqueous solutions containing cationic precipitants which cause fiber formation of precipitated polymer particles.

Zur Herstellung von Bindefasern ist eine Reihe von Verfahren bekannt. Nach der US-PS 2 988 782 und zahlreichen Folgepublikationen, von denen vor allem die DE-AS 23 26 143 hervorgehoben werden soll, werden Polymerisate in einem Lösungsmittel gelöst, und die erhaltenen Lösungen in einem das Polymerisat nicht lösendem Lösungsmittel unter Einwirkung von Scherkräften gefällt, wobei die gefällten Polymerisatteilchen zerfasert werden. Hierbei entstehen, insbesondere wenn man besondere spezielle Bedingungen, wie sie die DE-AS 23 26 143 lehrt, einhält, sehr kurze dünne Fäserchen, die üblicherweise auch "Fibrillen" genannt werden. Mit solchen Fibrillen kann man direkt z.B. synthetische Spezialpapiere herstellen. Zur Verfestigung von Faservliesen, wozu man Bindefasern benötigt, sind derartige Fibrillen jedoch nicht in allen Fällen geeignet, da sie zu kurze und zu stark verästelte Strukturen aufweisen. Hierfür benötigt man längere und dünnere Fasern.A number of processes are known for producing binding fibers. According to US Pat. No. 2,988,782 and numerous subsequent publications, of which DE-AS 23 26 143 in particular is to be emphasized, polymers are dissolved in a solvent and the solutions obtained are precipitated in a solvent which does not dissolve the polymer under the action of shear forces , whereby the precipitated polymer particles are defibrated. This results in very short, thin fibers, which are usually also called "fibrils", especially if special special conditions, as taught in DE-AS 23 26 143, are observed. With such fibrils you can directly e.g. Produce special synthetic papers. However, such fibrils are not suitable in all cases for the consolidation of nonwovens, for which binding fibers are required, since they have structures which are too short and too strongly branched. This requires longer and thinner fibers.

Aus der DE-AS 21 59 871 ist bekannt, daß man bestimmte anionische Polymerisatdispersionen zu längeren Bindefasern verarbeiten kann, wenn man die Dispersionen in dünnem Strahl zu einer wäßrigen kationischen Polymerisatlösung gibt, wodurch eine faserförmige Ausfällung der Polymerisatteilchen bewirkt wird, Gemäß dieser Publikation müssen als anionisch dispergierte Polymerisate solche verwendet werden, deren Glasübergangstemperaturen zwischen +250C und -52°C liegen. Diese Bedingungen führen aber zu recht kurzen Fasern oder besser Fibrillen, deren Länge im Beispiel 1 der letztgenannten Publikation mit maximal 500 /um angegeben ist.From DE-AS 21 59 871 it is known that certain anionic polymer dispersions can be processed into longer binding fibers if the dispersions are added in a thin jet to an aqueous cationic polymer solution, thereby causing a fibrous precipitation of the Polymer particles is effected, according to this publication have to be used as the anionic polymers dispersed those whose glass transition temperatures are between +25 0 C and -52 ° C. These conditions lead to relatively short fibers or fibrils better, the length of which is given in Example 1 of the latter publication, a maximum of 500 / um.

Bisher wurden Bindefasern oder Fibrillen aus Polymerdispersionen oder -lösungen für die Verfestigung von Faservliesen immer durch Ausfällen der Dispersion oder Lösung mit einem Fällbad unter hohen Scherbeanspruchungen hergestellt. So wurde gemäß dem Patent US 2 999 788 die Fällung in einem Kessel unter starkem Rühren oder durch Einspritzen bei hoher relativer Geschwindigkeit des Fällbads vorgeschlagen. Die DOS 16 60 628 beschreibt die Fällung nach Austritt der Dispersion aus Kapillaren durch ein an diesen Kapillaren unmittelbar vorbeifließendes, turbulentes Fällbad. In der Patentschrift CH-487 672 wird ein Fällaggregat beschrieben, das mit Rotoren und Scherblättern eine starke Scherung erzeugt. Nach der DOS 21 59 871 spritzt man die Polymerdispersion unter Druck in dünnem Strahl durch enge Düsen in das mäßig gerührte Fällbad ein, wobei das Polymere eine bestimmte Glastemperatur (Tg) haben muß. Nach der DOS 23 26 143 werden Fibrillen durch Fällung in einem Scherfeld erhalten, das durch Düsen erzeugt wird, und bei dem die einzelnen Strahlen mindestens 5 m/s Geschwindigkeit hatten. Schließlich wird auch in der DOS 25 16 561 die Fällung in einem Scherfeld mit einer mittleren Energiedichte von mindestens 5 W.sec/cm3 beschrieben.Until now, binding fibers or fibrils from polymer dispersions or solutions for the consolidation of nonwovens have always been produced by precipitating the dispersion or solution with a precipitation bath under high shear stresses. Thus, according to the patent US Pat. No. 2,999,788, precipitation in a boiler with vigorous stirring or by injection at a high relative speed of the precipitation bath was proposed. DOS 16 60 628 describes the precipitation after the dispersion emerges from capillaries by means of a turbulent precipitation bath flowing directly past these capillaries. Patent specification CH-487 672 describes a felling unit which generates strong shear with rotors and shear blades. According to DOS 21 59 871, the polymer dispersion is injected under pressure in a thin jet through narrow nozzles into the moderately stirred precipitation bath, the polymer having to have a certain glass transition temperature (Tg). According to DOS 23 26 143, fibrils are obtained by precipitation in a shear field which is generated by nozzles and in which the individual jets had a speed of at least 5 m / s. Finally, the precipitation in a shear field with an average energy density of at least 5 W.sec / cm 3 is also described in DOS 25 16 561.

In allen diesen Fällen werden bei der Koagulation im Scherfeld nur sehr kleine oder kurze Fibrillen oder Bindefasern erhalten, selbst nach der DOS 21 59 871 werden die Bindefasern höchstens 0,5 mm lang.In all of these cases, only very small or short fibrils or binding fibers are obtained during coagulation in the shear field, even according to DOS 21 59 871, the binding fibers are at most 0.5 mm long.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand in der Auffindung einer Vorrichtung, die es gestattet, in einfacher Weise Polymerisatdispersionen von verschiedener chemischer Herkunft sowohl zu Fibrillen als auch zu dünnen, mindestens 1 Millimeter langen Fasern, die sich als Bindefasern für die Verfestigung von Faservliesen eigenen, zu verarbeiten. Kleinere Bindefasern können nämlich beim Entwässern ins Filtrat gehen, sich im Wasserkreislauf ablagern und zu Störungen führen. Zudem gehen sie so als Bindemittel für das Vlies verloren.The object of the present invention was to find a device which allows polymer dispersions of various chemical origins to be easily formed both into fibrils and into thin, at least 1 millimeter long fibers which are suitable as binding fibers for the consolidation of nonwovens to process. Smaller binding fibers can get into the filtrate during dewatering, become deposited in the water cycle and lead to malfunctions. In addition, they are lost as binders for the fleece.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art gelöst, bei der erfindungsgemäß

  • a) eine Düse für das Einbringen der Polymerisatdispersion in einen Einzugstrichter sowie eine Dosiervorrichtung für das Fällmittel derart angeordnet sind, daß im Zusammenwirken mit einem Rührer in dem Einzugstrichter eine Trombe erzeugt wird,
  • b) zwischen dem Rührer und dem Einzugstrichter eine Wirbelkammer angeordnet ist, die über einen Walzenspalt in einem Homogenisierungsraum mündet.
This object is achieved by a device of the type described in the opening paragraph in the case of the invention
  • a) a nozzle for introducing the polymer dispersion into a feed hopper and a metering device for the precipitant are arranged in such a way that a trombone is generated in cooperation with a stirrer in the feed hopper,
  • b) a vortex chamber is arranged between the stirrer and the feed hopper, which opens into a homogenization chamber via a nip.

Bevorzugt ist dem Homogenisierungsraum ein Abflußraum nachgeschaltet.A discharge space is preferably connected downstream of the homogenization space.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß man im laminar strömenden Fällungsbad mit geringen Scherfedern Bindefasern oder Fibrillen mit einer Länge von 1 bis 6 mm und mehr herstellen kann.The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that binding fibers or fibrils with a length of 1 to 6 mm and more can be produced in the laminar-flowing precipitation bath with low shear springs.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.

"Durch einen Rührer 7 und das durch eine Dosiervor- ' richtung 10 einströmende Fällungsmittel wird im Einzugstrichter 4 eine Trombe 3 und im Homogenisierungsraum 8 ein rotierendes Fällbad erzeugt. In Drehrichtung der Trombe 3 wird aus einem Behälter mit nachgeschalteter Düse 1 die Polymerisatdispersion in dünnem Strahl eingebracht. Der entstehende Dispersionsfaden 2 wandert in der Trombe 3 spiralenförmig nach unten. Dabei wird durch Koagulation der fadenförmigen Dispersion die Oberfläche des Fadens zumindest teilweise fixiert. In einer Wirbelkammer 5 und im Walzenspalt 6 wird der koagulierte Dispersionsfaden zu Bindefasern bzw. Fibrillen verwirbelt. Im Homogenisierungsraum 8, im rotierenden überlaufenden Fällbad, werden die entstandenen Fasern bzw. Fibrillen durch endgültiges Koagulieren fixiert und in einen Abflußraum 9 transportiert. Je nach Umdrehungszahl und Form des Rührers 7, dem Druck in der Düse 1 und der Breite des Walzenspaltes 6, entstehen Fasern mit unterschiedlichen Längen, ggf. Fibrillen, mit mehr oder weniger starken Verästelungen an der Oberfläche und den Enden."A stirrer 7 and the precipitant flowing in through a metering device 10 produce a drum 3 in the feed hopper 4 and a rotating precipitation bath in the homogenization chamber 8. In the direction of rotation of the drum 3, the polymer dispersion is produced in a thin jet from a container with a nozzle 1 connected downstream The resulting dispersion thread 2 travels downward in the form of a spiral in the drum 3. The surface of the thread is at least partially fixed by coagulation of the thread-shaped dispersion. The coagulated dispersion thread is swirled into binding fibers or fibrils in a swirl chamber 5 and in the roller gap 6. Im Homogenization chamber 8, in the rotating overflowing precipitation bath, the resulting fibers or fibrils are fixed by final coagulation and transported into a discharge chamber 9. Depending on the number of revolutions and the shape of the stirrer 7, the pressure in the nozzle 1 and the width of the nip 6, fibers are formed with different lengths , possibly fibrils, with more or less strong ramifications on the surface and the ends.

Claims (2)

1. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Bindefasern, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Faservliesen nach dem Naßverfahren, mit Mitteln zum Zusammenbringen von Polymerisatdispersionen, die anionische oder nichtionische Dispergiermittel enthalten und von kationische Fällmittel gelöst enthaltenden wäßrigen Lösungen, die eine Faserbildung gefällter Polymerteilchen bewirken, gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination folgender Merkmale: a) Eine Düse (1) für das Einbringen der Polymerisatdispersion in einen Einzugstrichter (4) sowie eine Dosiervorrichtung (10) für das Fällmittel, welche derart angeordnet sind, daß im Zusammenwirken mit einem Rührer (7) in dem Einzugstrichter (4) eine Trombe (3) erzeugt wird, b) eine zwischen dem Rührer (7) und dem Einzugstrichter (4) angeordnete Wirbelkammer (5), die über einen Walzenspalt (6) in einen Homogenisierungsraum (8) mündet. 1. Device for the production of binding fibers, in particular for the production of nonwovens by the wet process, with means for bringing together polymer dispersions which contain anionic or nonionic dispersants and aqueous solutions which contain cationic precipitants and which cause fiber formation of precipitated polymer particles, characterized by the Combination of the following features: a) A nozzle (1) for introducing the polymer dispersion into a feed hopper (4) and a metering device (10) for the precipitant, which are arranged such that in cooperation with a stirrer (7) in the feed hopper (4) a trombone (3) is generated b ) a swirl chamber (5) which is arranged between the stirrer (7) and the feed hopper (4) and opens into a homogenization chamber (8) via a roller gap (6). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Homogeniesierungsraum (8) ein Abflußraum (9) nachgeschaltet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the homogenization chamber (8) is followed by a drainage chamber (9).
EP82106300A 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Apparatus for the preparation of binding fibres from polymer dispersions Expired EP0071084B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82106300T ATE6875T1 (en) 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BINDING FIBERS FROM POLYMERIZATE DISPERSIONS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813128873 DE3128873A1 (en) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING BINDING FIBERS FROM POLYMERSATE DISPERSIONS
DE3128873 1981-07-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0071084A1 true EP0071084A1 (en) 1983-02-09
EP0071084B1 EP0071084B1 (en) 1984-03-28

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EP82106300A Expired EP0071084B1 (en) 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Apparatus for the preparation of binding fibres from polymer dispersions

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US (1) US4534720A (en)
EP (1) EP0071084B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5823912A (en)
AT (1) ATE6875T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3128873A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384234A1 (en) * 1989-02-18 1990-08-29 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing fibrils from open pore foams

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101563467A (en) * 2005-10-20 2009-10-21 马拉德克里科聚合物公司 Composite leather material
CN111763996B (en) * 2020-07-17 2023-08-29 中国科学技术大学 Codable hydrogel microfiber preparation device and method based on dynamic interfacial extrusion

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1505505A (en) * 1965-11-03 1967-12-15 Du Pont Microporous polyurethane manufacturing process
DE1803897A1 (en) * 1967-04-28 1970-05-14 Konink Papierfabrieken Van Gel Process for the production of a fibrous binder for nonwovens
DE2159871A1 (en) * 1970-12-02 1972-06-29 National Starch and Chemical Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.StA.) Process for the production of fiber fleece

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211737A (en) * 1974-11-19 1980-07-08 Montedison S.P.A. Process for producing synthetic fibers for use in paper-making

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1505505A (en) * 1965-11-03 1967-12-15 Du Pont Microporous polyurethane manufacturing process
DE1803897A1 (en) * 1967-04-28 1970-05-14 Konink Papierfabrieken Van Gel Process for the production of a fibrous binder for nonwovens
DE2159871A1 (en) * 1970-12-02 1972-06-29 National Starch and Chemical Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.StA.) Process for the production of fiber fleece

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384234A1 (en) * 1989-02-18 1990-08-29 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing fibrils from open pore foams

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5823912A (en) 1983-02-12
DE3128873A1 (en) 1983-02-10
EP0071084B1 (en) 1984-03-28
DE3260084D1 (en) 1984-05-03
US4534720A (en) 1985-08-13
ATE6875T1 (en) 1984-04-15

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