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EP0068165B1 - Brûleur pour découper et/ou dégrossir thermochimiquement des pièces à usiner en acier - Google Patents

Brûleur pour découper et/ou dégrossir thermochimiquement des pièces à usiner en acier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068165B1
EP0068165B1 EP82104845A EP82104845A EP0068165B1 EP 0068165 B1 EP0068165 B1 EP 0068165B1 EP 82104845 A EP82104845 A EP 82104845A EP 82104845 A EP82104845 A EP 82104845A EP 0068165 B1 EP0068165 B1 EP 0068165B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
bore
burner according
outlet
diameter
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Expired
Application number
EP82104845A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0068165B2 (fr
EP0068165A3 (en
EP0068165A2 (fr
Inventor
Franz Hennecke
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Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik
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Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik
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Application filed by Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik filed Critical Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik
Priority to AT82104845T priority Critical patent/ATE25760T1/de
Publication of EP0068165A2 publication Critical patent/EP0068165A2/fr
Publication of EP0068165A3 publication Critical patent/EP0068165A3/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/56—Nozzles for spreading the flame over an area, e.g. for desurfacing of solid material, for surface hardening or for heating workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
    • F23D14/54—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes for cutting or welding metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for thermochemical cutting or planing of thick workpieces made of steel with a thickness between 150 to 600 mm, with a cutting oxygen jet, the burner consisting essentially of a nozzle with a cutting oxygen inlet bore, a nozzle bore and a cutting oxygen outlet bore and there is a nozzle holder.
  • burners which are used for a wide variety of work, e.g. B. Separating thinner, thicker or thickest steel workpieces or for planing narrow joints up to the widest areas of steel workpieces.
  • thermochemical cutting and planing of workpieces made of steel the endeavor has to achieve ever greater performance, i. H.
  • To achieve greater flame speeds, greater flame width, greater flame depth, greater cutting speed and greater cutting thicknesses led to a large number of burner developments, including issues of the lowest possible gas consumption and narrow kerf widths and problems of safety, environmental friendliness, e.g. B. in terms of noise and less harmful emissions, as well as a long life of the nozzles and cheap maintenance played a role.
  • the cutting speeds achieved cannot be regarded as satisfactory, as the cutting speeds reach only a fraction of the chemical reaction speed despite the greatest oxygen purity if the reaction location is sufficiently heated by the burner heating and the exothermic heat generated during cutting.
  • This is due to the fact that the iron oxide skin that forms over the reactive iron always has to be removed by the kinetic energy of the cutting oxygen jet.
  • the kinetic energy of the cutting oxygen jet which is obtained from the conversion of the pressure of the supplied oxygen, there are, however, restrictions due to friction and shock losses when the nozzle is narrowed or enlarged, and due to insufficient jet formation.
  • Laval nozzle shapes or approximate designs (AU-B-417 614). These nozzles can only be used with thin material and are, apart from the manufacturing complexity of Laval nozzles, very sensitive to pressure fluctuations in terms of their effectiveness.
  • Another known nozzle embodiment consists of a central oxygen channel which tapers conically to a narrowed section and in turn widens conically from this section to the nozzle outlet (DE-A-2251 632). In this embodiment too, pressure losses are largely avoided, and the nozzle is only suitable for cutting metal sheets of smaller thickness.
  • Another problem is the formation of the kerf in the workpiece. If the kerf width is too large, a lot of material is lost, which also increases the amount of beard and increases the amount of rework.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of making a burner available which, in the case of insensitivity to pressure fluctuations, has a long service life due to a simple, inexpensive design and enables the formation of thin kerfs at a maximum working speed. In this way, the smallest possible beards are created with sharp edges and few pearls on the top, so that little rework is required.
  • nozzle bore is cylindrically shaped on its length lying between 0.5 and 10 mm and provided with a diameter between 1.5 and 3.6 mm and in that the transition from the Cutting oxygen inlet bore for the nozzle bore is sharp-edged.
  • an outlet bore with a final outlet diameter between 3 and 5.4 mm adjoins the nozzle bores on the outlet side.
  • the cylindrical outlet bore located on the outlet side of the nozzle bore expediently has a length of 10 to 35 mm.
  • the outlet bore can also widen conically, the conical widening being between 5 and 10 °.
  • the sharp-edged transition can advantageously be arranged at the start of the nozzle bore, or, taking into account the dependence on pressure, nozzle bore diameter and nozzle bore length, a slight rounding of the transition is provided to avoid maximum shock loss.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the cone of the outlet hole directly attaches to the bottom of the larger diameter inlet bore.
  • the inlet bore tapers in the direction of the outlet bore or the nozzle bore shortly before entry into it.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner in which a nozzle 1 is fastened to a nozzle holder 3 by means of a nozzle screw 2.
  • a shaft tube 5 and a heating gas feed tube 6, a heating oxygen feed tube 7 and a cutting oxygen feed tube 8 are soldered into the nozzle receptacle 4.
  • Heating mixture bores 10 lead from ring channels 9, which are formed between the nozzle holder 3 or 4 and the nozzle 2, to the nozzle outlet and surround a cutting oxygen nozzle bore 11 with their cutting oxygen outlet bore 12.
  • the cutting oxygen reaches the nozzle bore 11 from the shaft tube 8 via a cutting oxygen Inlet bore 13.
  • the length I D of the nozzle bore 11 has been significantly shortened and at the same time the diameter d A of the outlet bore 12 has been significantly increased.
  • the pressure loss in the nozzle bore could be greatly reduced, which in turn was only possible if the transition 14 from the inlet bore 13 of the nozzle bore 11 was designed in such a way that only a small outlet distance in the nozzle bore 11 was required.
  • the transition 14 from the inlet bore 13 to the nozzle bore 11 consists of a sharp-edged corner 14 and, taking into account the dependence on pressure, nozzle bore diameter d D and nozzle bore length I D, can be rounded slightly to avoid a maximum impact loss.
  • the cylindrically shaped nozzle bore 11 for the cutting oxygen jet is to be provided with a short, not greater than 10 mm to zero, length, preferably a length of 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • a comparatively small diameter of 4 mm or less is to be provided, with 1.5 mm to 3.6 mm being the preferred range.
  • the outlet bore adjoining on the outlet side should have a final outlet diameter of 6 mm or less, preferably 3 to 5.4 mm. Good results were achieved with a nozzle whose nozzle bore diameter was 1.8 mm with an outlet diameter of 3.3 mm and a further nozzle with a nozzle bore diameter of 2.8 mm and an outlet diameter of 4.8 mm. Further advantageous dimensions are indicated in the characterizing part of subclaims 15, 16, 17 and 18.
  • the bores are cylindrical, apart from chamfers, rounded edges, drill angles and sealing surfaces.
  • a cone angle of approximately ⁇ A occurs through the smoothing tool between the outlet bore 12 and the nozzle bore 11 and a drill angle or chamfer ⁇ E at the transition from the inlet bore to the nozzle bore.
  • the outlet bore can have a slight conical widening a A.
  • the cone of the outlet bore 12 leaves only a small length of the nozzle bore 11, the inlet bore 13 narrowing conically at 15. It is also possible for the cone of the outlet bore 11 to attach directly to the bottom of the inlet bore 13 having a larger diameter, or for the nozzle bore 12 to have a somewhat longer length than is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the nozzle shown in Fig. Practically consists of the cylinder and the truncated cone Input bore 13, the short cylinder bore 11 and the inverted truncated cone of the outlet bore 12 together.
  • the production requires three work steps: Either firstly the cylindrical hole d e is made, secondly the inlet hole d E is drilled and thirdly the outlet hole d A is drilled and the cone is reamed, or firstly the inlet hole d E is made and secondly the nozzle hole d o then drilled out and thirdly the cone d A preferably rubbed between 6 and 8 °.
  • the length of the outlet cone with diameter depends on the pressure and quantity ratios.
  • the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the nozzle outlet edge is preferably in the range from 0.5 to 0.8, or there were favorable values with a ratio of the cross sections of the nozzle bore to the nozzle outlet cross section in the range from 0.3 to 0.35 .
  • a cutting speed of 150 to 250 mm / min could be achieved at an oxygen working pressure of 16 to 20 bar, with a kerf of no more than 6 to 7 mm or 6.5 to 9 mm.
  • the length of the nozzle bore was 3.25 or 0.65 mm with a bore diameter of 1.8 or 2.6 mm.
  • Fig. 4 shows the adaptation of the short nozzle shape to a long nozzle.
  • the diameter d E of the inlet bore 13 is substantially larger than the diameter d o of the nozzle bore 11. In this way, practically no pressure loss is achieved through the inlet bore 13.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further development of the invention.
  • An outer shaft tube 23 and an inner shaft tube 24 are soldered to the nozzle 22.
  • the chamber 25 surrounded by the inner shaft tube 24 is provided with an oxygen supply nozzle 26, while the intermediate space 27, which is formed by the outer shaft tube 23 and the inner shaft tube 24 arranged concentrically at a distance from one another, is provided with a gas supply nozzle 28.
  • From the space 27 lead to the heating gas bores 29 connecting channels 30, and the heating gas bores 29 are also connected by connecting channels 31 to the oxygen chamber 25, so that the bores 29 are supplied with a mixture of heating gas and heating oxygen.
  • a cutting oxygen nozzle bore 32 which opens into the cutting oxygen outlet bore 33, runs from the oxygen chamber 25 in accordance with the previously described nozzle shapes. In this way, a burner is made available which consists of a uniform nozzle part with an integrated holding part with connections.
  • the invention can also be useful for nozzles that are screwed in directly.
  • the shorter nozzle part is provided with a thread for screwing into the holding part below the sealing head and with key surfaces on the foot near the outlet.
  • the threaded nozzle part or a nozzle screw with an attached guide can be provided for secure attachment and thus easier screwing in, the initial nut thread being interrupted in two areas on the circumference and the screw thread begins sharply at the nozzle part.
  • markings on the nozzle part and holding part can be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Claims (25)

1. Brûleur pour le découpage ou le rabotage thermochimiques de pièces d'acier épaisses dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 150 et 600 mm, au moyen d'un jet d'oxygène de coupe, le brûleur étant constitué essentiellement par une buse (1) comportant un trou d'entrée d'oxygène de coupe (13), un trou de buse (11) et un trou de sortie d'oxygène de coupe (12), ainsi que par un porte-buse (3), caractérisé en ce que le trou de buse (11) est de forme cylindrique sur sa longueur comprise entre 0,5 et 10 mm et possède un diamètre compris entre 1,5 et 3,6 mm, et que la transition (14) entre le trou d'entrée d'oxygène de coupe (13) et le trou de buse (11) est à arêtes vives.
2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, du côté sortie, fait suite au trou de buse (11, 32) un trou de sortie (12, 33) dont le diamètre de sortie terminal (a/J est compris entre 3 et 5,4 mm.
3. Brûleur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le trou de buse (11,32) a un diamètre de 1,8 mm et que le trou de sortie (12, 33) possède un diamètre de sortie terminal (αA) de 3,3 mm.
4. Brûleur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le trou de buse (11, 32) a un diamètre de 2,8 mm et que le trou de sortie (12, 33) possède un diamètre de sortie terminal (a/J de 4,8 mm.
5. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le trou de sortie cylindrique (12, 33) qui se trouve du côté sortie du trou de buse (11, 32) a une longueur de 10 à 35 mm.
6. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le trou de sortie (12) va en s'élargissant en forme de cône vers le côté sortie.
7. Brûleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement conique est compris entre 5 et 10° et est de préférence égal à 7°.
8. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la transition (14) à arêtes vives est disposée au début du trou de buse (11).
9. Brûleur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la transition (14) présente un léger arrondi.
10. Brûleur selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le cône du trou de sortie (12) se raccorde directement au fond du trou d'entrée (13) qui présente un plus grand diamètre.
11. Brûleur selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le trou d'entrée (13) se rétrécit en forme de cône en direction du trou de sortie (12) et du trou de buse (11) juste avant de pénétrer dans ceux-ci.
12. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la buse (1) possède un trou d'entrée (13) rallongé dont le diamètre est sensiblement plus grand que celui du trou de buse (11).
13. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre le diamètre de la buse et le bord de la sortie de buse est compris entre 0,5 et 0,8.
14. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la section du trou de buse et la section de sortie de la buse est compris entre 0,25 et 0,45 et de préférence entre 0,3 et 0,36.
15. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la buse (1) avec le trou de buse (11) et le trou de sortie (12) pour le courant d'oxygène présente les dimensions suivantes :
Figure imgb0007
16. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le trou de buse (11) pour le courant d'oxygène possède les dimensions suivantes :
Figure imgb0008
17. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le trou de sortie (12) pour le courant d'oxygène possède les dimensions suivantes :
Figure imgb0009
18. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le trou d'entrée (13) est formé dans le porte-buse (3) et que la buse (1) se raccorde par son trou de buse (11), de sorte que le porte-buse (3) et la buse (1) forment la transition (14) entre l'ouverture d'entrée (13) et le trou de buse (11).
19. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la buse (22) et le porte-buse (23, 24) forment une unité grâce au fait que, sur la buse (22) présentant extérieurement plusieurs décrochements, sont soudés au moins deux tubes à emboîtement (23, 24) et qu'à l'intérieur (25) sont amenés dans la buse (22) l'oxygène de coupe et l'oxygène de chauffage, et, par l'intervalle formé (27), le gaz.
20. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la buse (1, 22) pourvue d'une filetage est vissée dans le porte-buse pourvue d'un filet femelle correspondant et est par conséquent interchangeable.
21. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la buse (1, 22) dépourvue de filetage peut être vissée au moyen d'une vis de serrage de buse dans le porte-buse équipé de façon appropriée.
22. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'une buse qui est plus longue que la buse nécessaire est alésée depuis le côté du porte-buse jusqu'à la longueur de buse nécessaire suivant le diamètre le plus grand possible de façon correspondant au trou d'amenée de l'oxygène de coupe dans le porte-buse.
23. Brûleur selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce que, pour être vissée dans le porte-buse (3), la buse (1) courte est pourvue, en dessous de la tête assurant l'étanchéité, d'un filetage et, au pied, de surfaces de prise pour clefs de serrage.
24. Brûleur selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que la buse (1) pourvue d'un filetage ou une vis de serrage de buse possèdent un guidage assurant la mise en place et par conséquent facilitant le vissage, le filet femelle initial étant interrompu en deux endroits de la circonférence et le filet mâle débutant dans la buse avec un fort décalage.
25. Brûleur selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des marques-repères sur la buse (1) et sur le porte-buse (3).
EP82104845A 1981-06-05 1982-06-03 Brûleur pour découper et/ou dégrossir thermochimiquement des pièces à usiner en acier Expired - Lifetime EP0068165B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82104845T ATE25760T1 (de) 1981-06-05 1982-06-03 Brenner zum thermochemischen trennen und/oder abholen von werkstuecken aus stahl.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3122404 1981-06-05
DE19813122404 DE3122404A1 (de) 1981-06-05 1981-06-05 Brenner zum thermochemischen brennen und/oder abhobeln von werkstuecken aus stahl

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068165A2 EP0068165A2 (fr) 1983-01-05
EP0068165A3 EP0068165A3 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0068165B1 true EP0068165B1 (fr) 1987-03-04
EP0068165B2 EP0068165B2 (fr) 1994-09-28

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EP82104845A Expired - Lifetime EP0068165B2 (fr) 1981-06-05 1982-06-03 Brûleur pour découper et/ou dégrossir thermochimiquement des pièces à usiner en acier

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EP (1) EP0068165B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE25760T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3122404A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0097883B1 (fr) * 1982-06-26 1987-09-16 AUTE Gesellschaft für autogene Technik mbH Tuyère courte en une seule pièce pour un brûleur pour le coupage ou le rabotage thermo-chimique
DE59508996D1 (de) * 1995-12-20 2001-03-01 Aute Autogene Tech Quer- und Längsteileinrichtung zum Sauerstoffbrennschneiden von heissen und kalten Strängen
EP1632303A1 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-08 Aute AG Gesellschaft für autogene Technik Chalumeau de découpage de pièces en acier chaud ou froid ayant une meilleure séparation rapide et douce de l'oxygène avec une maintenance et une utilisation de l'oxygène sous pression améliorées
US9901944B2 (en) * 2015-02-18 2018-02-27 Delavan Inc Atomizers
CN107116479B (zh) * 2017-05-15 2018-11-20 四川大学 用于光学元件加工的数控湿法化学刻蚀组合喷嘴

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU417614B2 (en) * 1967-03-22 1971-10-01 Iwatani & Company Limited Flame cutting method and apparatus
JPS5236107B2 (fr) * 1971-10-27 1977-09-13
GB1497793A (en) * 1974-10-24 1978-01-12 Boc International Ltd Cutting nozzles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3275582D1 (en) 1987-04-09
EP0068165B2 (fr) 1994-09-28
ATE25760T1 (de) 1987-03-15
EP0068165A3 (en) 1983-09-07
DE3122404A1 (de) 1983-01-05
EP0068165A2 (fr) 1983-01-05

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