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EP0060241B1 - Dispositif d'essai pour pièces à tir courbe - Google Patents

Dispositif d'essai pour pièces à tir courbe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060241B1
EP0060241B1 EP19820890035 EP82890035A EP0060241B1 EP 0060241 B1 EP0060241 B1 EP 0060241B1 EP 19820890035 EP19820890035 EP 19820890035 EP 82890035 A EP82890035 A EP 82890035A EP 0060241 B1 EP0060241 B1 EP 0060241B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
test stand
axis
swivel
swivel base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820890035
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0060241A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Zierler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT104581A external-priority patent/AT370515B/de
Priority claimed from AT315681A external-priority patent/AT374582B/de
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0060241A1 publication Critical patent/EP0060241A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0060241B1 publication Critical patent/EP0060241B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A31/00—Testing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/02—Mountings without wheels
    • F41A23/16—Testing mounts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ram for firing high-angle firearms, in particular cannons or howitzers.
  • Cannons, howitzers, drawn guns, guns on self-propelled guns, guns in armored howitzers and also guns in fixed installations have a complex construction for damping the recoil of the barrel.
  • Such constructions generally comprise a pipe cradle with a pipe brake, an air pre-catcher driven by compressed air being additionally provided, which in turn brings the pipe remaining after the shot in the damping end position back into the starting position.
  • These constructions as well as the storage of the tube must generally prove their function under all firing angles permitted with the respective gun. However, this means that an extremely large shooting range is required in order to be able to test long-range firearms in all permissible height and directional ranges (see e.g. DE-B-2634937).
  • the shooting frame has a support for the supporting structure or the mount of the steep-sided firearm, which is connected to a turntable mounted on a foundation.
  • the invention now aims to provide a shooting stand of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the firing of high-angle firearms can be carried out over the entire permissible elevation and lateral directional range, and in which sufficiency is found with a minimum of shooting range area.
  • the support according to the invention is pivotally connected to the turntable by means of a pivot bearing fixed on the turntable about an axis approximately crossing or intersecting the axis of rotation of the turntable, the support surface being ascertainable in the selected pivot position.
  • the turntable which can be swiveled around a vertical axis, allows full manipulation over the lateral straightening area, whereby the pipe is always aimed at the same target.
  • the support surface for the supporting structure of the firearms is designed to be pivotable means that the entire height adjustment range can also be tested in such a way that the barrel always remains aimed at the same target.
  • the target does not have to be located at the end of the actual range of the gun, but can be significantly closer, since the pivoting of the bearing surface makes it possible to fire at the maximum height directional angle, the tube actually being directed horizontally. It can thus be found with much smaller shooting ranges, and a practical test of the function of the tube storage can be carried out over the entire permissible straightening range.
  • the design can be such that the support can be pivoted about a second axis which crosses or intersects approximately at right angles to the axis of rotation of the turntable and which in plan view is approximately perpendicular to the first axis which approximately perpendicularly crosses the axis of rotation of the turntable.
  • This second axis now makes it possible to also simulate the situation of the steep firearm in uneven terrain.
  • the second swivel axis is approximately perpendicular to the first swivel axis in the top view
  • side inclinations of the supporting structure or the mount of the steep firearm caused by the terrain can also be simulated, although the gun barrel can always be aimed at the same target, so that the gun barrel is pointed at the supporting structure or the mount acting forces can be tested in all relative positions between the gun barrel and the supporting structure or mount, which can occur in the field.
  • the present invention thus enables a complete testing of all possible forces.
  • the design is preferably such that the turntable is equipped with a toothed ring which extends at least over a partial region of its circumference and in which a pinion of a drive motor engages.
  • a blocking device in particular a hydraulic clamping device, is preferably provided to fix the rotational position of the turntable. With this measure, all recoil forces are actually absorbed by the pipe support, as is necessary for the meaningfulness of the test results.
  • the design is preferably such that the pivotable support surface is essentially V-shaped in plan view, the angle enclosed between the two legs corresponding to the spreading position of an expanding carriage.
  • a work platform can be mounted on the turntable, the surface of which in the lowered position with the pivotable support surface for the supporting structure of the steep lights weapon escapes.
  • This working platform enables the spreading carriage to be moved into the spreading position corresponding to the operating position, whereupon the entire carriage can be brought into a position by raising or lowering the support surface, which corresponds to a certain vertical directional angle with a horizontal tube.
  • the effective ranges are of course much shorter, while the load conditions correspond to the extent which is given with a level setting of the mount and a correspondingly larger height adjustment angle.
  • the foundation and also the turntable can in this case be arranged in a simple manner sunk in an excavation, and a movable ramp for the firearm is preferably provided, which can optionally be connected to an end region of the working platform which can be extended in the horizontal direction.
  • a further access ramp can be connected to the end of the pivotable support surface facing away from the working platform, which ramp is preferably supported by a strut that is pivotably articulated on the foundation.
  • these ramps allow the gun to be quickly brought into the desired position, and on the other hand, the ammunition required for the shooting operation can be brought by transport vehicles.
  • the end facing away from the pivot axis in particular the free ends of the V-legs of the support surface, has locking members for anchoring devices of the guns.
  • a grid or rust-shaped base plate can be provided in the region of the pivot axis of the support surface.
  • Rotatable guns usually have anchoring devices at their rear end and can also have a lowerable base plate under the bearing of the tube, which serves to increase the stability. These protected devices can interact with the corresponding components of the ram.
  • the pivot drive of the support surface is formed by at least one cylinder-piston unit pivotally supported on the turntable.
  • a particularly reliable absorption of the inertial forces is given when the pivot axis of the support surface is arranged in the area facing away from the vertical axis of rotation and the point of attack (s) of the pivot cylinder / piston unit (s) is arranged close to the axial plane of the turntable parallel to the pivot axis ( are).
  • a favorable kinematics of the pivoting results from the fact that the pivot axis of the support surface is arranged at a distance from the front end of the support surface and at a distance above the turntable. In this configuration, the front wheels of the mount can be supported directly on the turntable in the setting of the pivoting position of the support surface corresponding to the maximum vertical direction angle.
  • the height adjustment range must extend far beyond the angle, which results in a maximum firing range and it is therefore possible to pivot the bearing surface by about 75 ° to the plane of the Turntable provided.
  • the second pivot axis which crosses or intersects the axis of rotation of the turntable approximately at right angles, runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal center of the support for the support structure of the high-firearm, while the first pivot axis according to the master patent is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal center of the support in plan view.
  • the turntable itself is mounted on the foundation so as to be pivotable about the second pivot axis, which runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal center of the support.
  • the turntable can be rotatably mounted on a tilting bridge pivotally mounted on the foundation and lockable in its pivoting position, which enables a simple construction.
  • the design is such that the tilting bridge is pivotally mounted on the foundation by means of brackets and is supported on the side of the pivoting axis by means of hydraulic piston-cylinder units and can be locked in its pivoting position.
  • the tipping bridge can be used to simulate the slope of the site first.
  • the gun barrel can then be directed in the right direction to the target through the turntable, and the tilting axis running transversely to the support, via which the support is connected to the turntable, enables the barrel to be lowered relative to the support structure or to the mount and the support in in such a way that the barrel is aimed at the approximately horizontal target and thus the range of the gun is limited to a short distance.
  • a turntable 3 is rotatably mounted about an essentially vertical axis 4, an electric motor 5 being provided as a swivel drive.
  • the turntable 3 has a ring gear 6 which extends approximately over a central angle of 90 ° and with which a pinion 7 of the drive motor 5 meshes.
  • a blocking device 8 is provided which, like the motor 5 in the illustration according to FIG. 1, has been moved to diametrically opposite points.
  • the blocking device 8 has a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 9, which brings a pivotably mounted nose 10 into engagement with corresponding counter profiles of the turntable 3.
  • the turntable 3 carries a bearing block 11, on which the bearing surface 13 for the gun is mounted so that it can pivot about an essentially horizontal axis 12.
  • the pivot drive of the support surface 13 is formed by a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 14, one end 15 of which is supported on the turntable 3 and the other end 16 of which is pivotally connected to the pivotable part of the support surface.
  • the articulation axis 12 of the support surface is located at a distance from the front end 17 of the supporting frame forming the support surface and is also at a distance above the upper edge of the turntable 3 in the vertical direction.
  • an ascent ramp 18 can be defined, which is supported against the foundation via a strut 19 pivotably articulated on the foundation 1.
  • the foundation like the turntable, is located in an excavation 20, so that there is an essentially level access ramp 18.
  • the maximum swivel position of the work surface 13 by a swivel angle of at most 75 ° is denoted by 13 'in FIG. 1.
  • the V-shaped shape of the work surface 13 can be seen.
  • the two legs are designated by 26 and 27 and enclose between them the work platform which is invariable in its height relative to the turntable 3.
  • the free ends of the legs 26 and 27 of the support surface 13 have locking members 28 and 29 for the anchoring devices of guns.
  • a grid or rust-shaped base plate 30 is provided in the region of the pivot axis 12 of the support surface 13, which can cooperate with the extendable base plate of the gun.
  • the pivot axis 12 lies in front of the vertical axis of rotation 4 of the turntable 3 and the points of attack 16 of the hydraulic lifting cylinders 14 are close to the axial plane of the turntable 3 parallel to the pivot axis 12.
  • any desired height or lateral directional angle of the gun can be set with the tube directed at the same point and it can be realistically tested by aligning the tube in the horizontal direction or parallel to the plane of the turntable 3 Realize guns with a much smaller effective range and thus with a significantly reduced shooting range.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 31 represents a stationary steel support grate which is fixed to a concrete foundation 32, which consists of two blocks.
  • a concrete foundation 32 which consists of two blocks.
  • two brackets 33 are fixed, on which two side cheeks 34 are pivoted about pins 35.
  • These two side cheeks are rigidly connected to a tilting bridge 36, so that the tilting bridge 36 with the side cheeks 34 can be tilted about a pivot axis 37.
  • Two hydraulic cylinder-piston assemblies 38 are arranged on each side of the swivel axis 37, which are articulated on the one hand at 39 on the support grate 31 and on the other hand at 40 on the tilting bridge 36. In this way, the tilting bridge 36, seen in FIG.
  • the side cheeks 34 have a circular sector shape. Holes 41 are provided on the circumference of this circle sector in the division intervals indicated by dashes, in which bolts 42 can be inserted. Supports 43 are welded onto the support frame 31, into which screws 44 are screwed which support the bolts 42. By means of the screws 44, the position of the bolt 42 inserted in each case can be changed by half a pitch. In this way, the side walls 34 and thus the tilting bridge 36 can be fixed in any desired tilting position.
  • a turntable 46 is rotatably mounted on the tilting bridge 36 by means of a pin 45 about the axis 47, which is perpendicular to the turntable 46.
  • the turntable 46 is also supported on its circumference by means of blocks or claws 48.
  • a support 49 for the mount of a high-powered firearm 50 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 51.
  • 52 are brackets which are rigidly connected to the turntable 46 and to which the support 49 is articulated by means of pivot joints 53.
  • the support 49 can be pivoted by hydraulic piston-cylinder units 54. It is again rigidly connected to the support 49, a sector 55 which is fixed relative to the bracket 52 for determining the pivot position can be, in an analogous manner, as the sector-shaped side walls 34 are fixed with respect to the support grid 31.
  • the support 49 consists of a part 49a, which is formed by wooden planks and also has a shock-absorbing support 56, for example made of foamed hard plastic. This part carries, for example, the wheels of the carriage. Furthermore, the support 49 consists of two brackets 49b, on which the supports of an expanding carriage can rest.
  • the pivot axis 35 about which the tilting bridge 36 can be pivoted, lies approximately parallel to the longitudinal center 57 of the support 49.
  • side slopes of the terrain can be simulated.
  • the swivel range can be 2 - 42 °.
  • the dashed-up position of the support 49 is indicated by dash-dotted lines 49 '.
  • the support 49 can be pivoted about this axis 51, for example, in an angular range from -5 to 80 °.
  • the turntable can be pivoted, for example, from the central position by an angle of 43 ° to the left and by an angle of 43 ° to the right. In this way, it is possible to simulate all terrain angles and all elevation angles of the gun barrel relative to the gun carriage and yet aim the gun barrel horizontally or even with a slight downward slope towards a specific target, so that a relatively narrow and in the direction of the target Elongated shooting range is sufficient for firing the firearm in any position of the gun barrel relative to the gun carriage or to the supporting structure.
  • 58 is a drive for rotating the turntable, which is fixed in place.
  • An pinion engaging in a ring gear of the turntable is driven by means of an electric motor 59.
  • 60 is a ramp for the gun, to which a pivotable bridge 61 is hinged at 62.
  • 63 is a second ramp.
  • 64 are support rollers mounted on the foundation, which act on the side cheeks 34 and absorb thrust forces that occur during the shot.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Plateforme de tir pour l'essai de pièces à tir courbe, en particulier de canons ou d'obusiers avec un support (13) pour l'ossature portante ou l'affût de la pièce à tir courbe, lequel est assemblé à une plaque tournante (3) logée sur une fondation, caractérisée en ce que le support, grâce à un système pivotant fixé à la plaque tournante, est assemblé à la plaque tournante de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe coupant l'axe de rotation (4) de la plaque tournante (3) approximativement selon un angle droit, la surface d'appui (13) pouvant être fixée dans la position de pivotement choisie.
2. Plateforme de tir selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le support (13) peut pivoter autour d'un deuxième axe (37), qui coupe l'axe de rotation (4) de la plaque tournante (3) approximativement selon un angle droit et qui, en vue de dessus, est approximativement perpendiculaire au premier axe coupant l'axe de rotation de la plaque tournante approximativement selon un angle droit.
3. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la plaque tournante (3) est équipée d'une couronne dentée (6), s'étendant au moins sur une zone partielle de sa circonférence, et avec laquelle entre en prise un pignon (7) d'un moteur d'entraînement (5).
4. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu un dispositif de blocage (8), en particulier un système de serrage hydraulique, pour fixer la p.laque tournante (3) dans une position donnée en rotation.
5. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la surface d'appui pivotante (13) a, en vue de dessus, essentiellement la forme d'un V, l'angle compris entre les deux branches (26, 27) correspondant à la position d'écartement d'un affût bitube.
6. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'une plateforme de travail (23), dont la surface, en position abaissée, est en alignement horizontal avec la surface d'appui pivotante (13) servant à l'ossature portante de la pièce à tir courbe, est logée sur la plaque tournante (3).
7. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu une rampe d'accès mobile (25) pour la pièce à tir courbe, laquelle peut éventuellement être raccordée à une zone terminale, mobile dans la direction horizontale, de la plateforme de travail (23).
8. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une autre rampe d'accès (18), laquelle est de préférence soutenue par une contre-fiche (19) articulée d'une manière pivotante sur la fondation (1), peut être raccordée à l'extrémité de la surface d'appui pivotante (13) opposée à la plateforme de travail (23).
9. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité opposée à l'axe de pivotement, en particulier les extrémités libres des branches (26, 27) du V de la surface d'appui (13) présentent des organes de verrouillage (28, 29) pour les dispositifs d'ancrage des pièces d'artillerie.
10. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu dans la zone de l'axe de pivotement (12) de la surface d'appui (13) une plaque de sol (30), en forme de grille ou de grillage.
11. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'entraînement en pivotement de la surface d'appui (13) est constitué d'au moins un ensemble vérin-piston (14), s'appuyant d'une manière pivotante sur la plaque tournante (3).
12. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de pivotement (12) de la surface d'appui (13) est disposé dans la zone opposée à la plateforme de travail (23) et située en avant de l'axe de rotation vertical (4), et que le ou les points d'application (16) du ou des ensembles de pivotement (14) à vérin et piston est (sont) situé(s) au voisinage du plan axial, parallèle à l'axe de pivotement (12), de la plaque tournante (3).
13. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de pivotement (12) de la surface d'appui (13) est situé à une certaine distance de l'extrémité avant de la surface d'appui (13) et à une certaine distance au-dessus de la plaque tournante (3).
14. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième axe de pivotement (37), coupant l'axe de rotation (4) de la plaque tournante (3) approximativement selon un angle droit, est approximativement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du support (49) servant à l'ossature portante de la pièce à tir courbe.
15. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que la plaque tournante (46) est logée dans la fondation (32) de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour du deuxième axe de pivotement (37), lequel est approximativement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du support (49).
16. Plateforme de tir selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que la plaque tournante (16) est logée de façon à pouvoir tourner sur un pont basculant (36), lui-même logé de façon à pouvoir pivoter sur la fondation (32) et pouvant être fixé dans sa position de pivotement.
17. Plateforme de tir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce que le pont basculant (36) est logé sur la fondation (32) d'une manière pivotante à l'aide de consoles (33) et, latéralement à l'axe de pivotement, est soutenu au moyen d'ensembles hydrauliques à vérin et piston (38) et peut être fixé dans sa position de pivotement.
EP19820890035 1981-03-06 1982-03-05 Dispositif d'essai pour pièces à tir courbe Expired EP0060241B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1045/81 1981-03-06
AT104581A AT370515B (de) 1981-03-06 1981-03-06 Schiessbock
AT315681A AT374582B (de) 1981-07-16 1981-07-16 Schiessbock
AT3156/81 1981-07-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060241A1 EP0060241A1 (fr) 1982-09-15
EP0060241B1 true EP0060241B1 (fr) 1984-08-08

Family

ID=25594707

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820890035 Expired EP0060241B1 (fr) 1981-03-06 1982-03-05 Dispositif d'essai pour pièces à tir courbe

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EP (1) EP0060241B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3260515D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4796029A (en) * 1986-04-14 1989-01-03 Fmc Corporation Turn tilt table
RU2228512C2 (ru) * 2002-07-10 2004-05-10 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения" Способ испытаний минометного выстрела и устройство для его реализации
RU2495350C1 (ru) * 2012-06-25 2013-10-10 Ильнур Загидуллаевич Дубин Устройство контроля технического состояния противооткатных устройств в ходе стрельбы
CN114857990B (zh) * 2022-05-17 2024-01-05 上海东湖机械厂 一种舰炮后坐调试平台

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3156108A (en) * 1959-10-13 1964-11-10 North American Aviation Inc Missile attitude positioner
DE1266179B (de) * 1966-02-09 1968-04-11 Boelkow Gmbh Anlage zur Ausbildung von Richt- und Lenkschuetzen
DE2634937C2 (de) * 1976-08-04 1978-11-09 Kloeckner-Werke Ag, 4100 Duisburg Bettungsplattform zur Erprobung von Waffen und Munition

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Publication number Publication date
EP0060241A1 (fr) 1982-09-15
DE3260515D1 (en) 1984-09-13

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